卡薩芒斯Casamance (/ˈkæzəˌmæns, ˈkæsə-/; French: Casamance [kɑ.za.mɑ̃s]; Wolof and Fula: Kasamansa; Portuguese: Casamansa[1] [kɐzɐˈmɐ̃sɐ]) is the area of Senegal south of the Gambia including the Casamance River. It consists of the Lower Casamance (Basse Casamance, Baixa Casamança—i.e. Ziguinchor Region) and the Upper Casamance (Haute Casamance, Alta Casamança—i.e. Kolda Region and Sédhiou Regions). The largest city of Casamance is Ziguinchor.The Casamance was subject to both French and Portuguese colonial efforts before a border was negotiated in 1888 between the French colony of Senegal and Portuguese Guinea (now Guinea-Bissau) to the south. Portugal lost possession of Casamance, then the commercial hub of its colony.[citation needed] Casamance, to this day, has preserved the local variant of Upper Guinea Creole known as Ziguinchor Creole, and the members of the deep-rooted Creole community carry Portuguese surnames like Da Silva, Carvalho and Fonseca. The historical ties to Portugal were a factor in Senegal's decision to seek membership of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries (CPLP), becoming an associate observer in 2008.[2] Interest in Portuguese heritage has been revived in order to exert a distinct identity,[citation needed] particularly in Baixa Casamança.Bissau-Guinean people are also present in the region, as expatriates, immigrants, and refugees from the poverty and instability that since long affects the neighbouring country, including the 1998—1999 Guinea-Bissau Civil War.
- 济金绍尔 Ziguinchor's name and meaning comes from the time when Portuguese traders and explorers came to the region to form a trading post, and derives from Portuguese Cheguei e choram, "I came and they cry". The local people, seeing the Europeans, began crying, thinking they were about to be enslaved. The Portuguese objective was to form a trading post and a friendship alliance with the local king. The Portuguese objective was trade with the kingdom of Casamanse, a loyal friend, described by chroniclers as the mostly friendly kingship towards the Portuguese along the Guinean coast. The king started to live in European manner, with table, chairs and western clothing and, in the court, there were several Portuguese merchants. One of the commodities for trade were slaves, and Ziguinchor became a slave port during much of the Portuguese rule.The spot was not chosen at random. While a Jola village predated the town, it was situated to trade with the Jola kingdom of Kasso, which dates back to the Mali Empire, when Mandinke people moved into the area from the south and east.Following the end of the slave trade, Portuguese commerce stultified, and the town was eventually handed over to France on 22 April 1888, in a deal brokered amongst the colonial powers at the Berlin conference of 1886.Under the French, Ziguinchor became a major trade port, mostly due to the intensive groundnut cultivation the colonial government encouraged in the interior. By 1900, the area was largely converted to Christianity, although significant Syncretist and Muslim communities flourish.Rice growing, the traditional crop of the region, was hurt by the push to cultivate groundnuts, and extensive forest areas were cleared. The French government also imported rice across West Africa from the intensive farming they encouraged in French Indochina, shrinking the market for Casamance's main produce.After independence, the city saw its economic growth slow, in part due to the War of Independence in neighboring Guinea-Bissau. Portuguese military crossed into the area at least once, pursuing PAIG rebels, and cannon fire could be heard in the city for much of the war. During this period Ziguinchor became a main post for both the Senegalese Army and French forces, guarding the frontier; a frontier which cut in two Diola families and communities.As the capital of Casamance, Ziguinchor has been at the center of the three decade long conflict with Dakar, that has flared into open civil war on more than one occasion. With a population with a majority of Diola and Christian,[3] the effects of a large migration of Wolof Muslims fleeing drought in the north during the 1970s caused tensions to flare. A 1983 demonstration against price rises in Ziguinchor Market was put down violently by Senegalese forces, and an insurgency by the Movement of Democratic Forces of Casamance (MFDC) followed, effectively wrecking the economy of the region. The 2004 peace accords, signed in Ziguinchor, were hoped to be the end of the violence, but in 2006, sporadic fighting by an MFDC split and laying of land mines again erupted in rural areas nearby.
Mbodiène est un village du Sénégal, situé sur la Petite-Côte, au sud de Dakar, entre Mbour et Joal-Fadiouth.
呂菲斯克省Rufisque Department
- Sébikhotane is a town in the Dakar Region of western Senegal.The village was founded by Sébikotane Sereres in 1736. A Catholic seminary was founded in 1911. It was the seat of a rural community from 1984 to 1996. The town received commune status in 1996. The population is mainly composed of farmers and farm workers.
association
- Senegalese-Gambia Association for Integration and Socio-economic Development (SGAISD)
- A new grassroots initiative dubbed the Senegalese-Gambia Association for Integration and Socio-economic Development (SGAISD) was Saturday officially launched in Mbour as part of efforts to promote unity, cooperation and economic development in the Senegambia region. The Association, which draws its membership from the regions in Senegal and The Gambia, has two chapters with each headed by a president. Its launching was done on the fringes of the annual Mbour cultural festival that brought together musicians, cultural ambassadors and intellectuals to showcase the culture of the region. In attendance at the launching were scores of dignitaries including the lord mayor of Mbour, Fallou Sylla, as well as divisional and regional representatives. http://www.panafricain.com/index.asp?page=detail_article&art=83206&lang=fr&pi=12 hkej 10feb17 shum article
industry
- energy
- https://www.ft.com/content/065ba414-bbce-11e6-8b45-b8b81dd5d080 With Texas-based Kosmos Energy sitting on 50tn cubic feet of gas reserves and UK-listed Cairn Energy boasting of projected reserves of 473m barrels of oil, Senegal is set to become Africa’s newest energy producer. But many ordinary Senegalese doubt the expected windfall will improve their lives.
“As always in Africa,” says Mansour Boiro, an accountant in his 40s with a small business in a Dakar suburb. “Whenever we have wealth, the government does not share it with the poor.”
- https://www.ft.com/content/f9c94f20-47a0-11e8-8ae9-4b5ddcca99b3
The Diallo family’s success is emblematic of the transformation of Senegal’s rice sector. The country has long imported most of its rice, the most important staple in the west African nation’s diet. But a systematic effort by the government in Dakar to develop rice farming with the help of international aid groups and a spurt in local lending to small farmers have helped production double since 2014 to nearly 1m tonnes last year, equal to about 40 per cent of annual consumption. Agricultural self-sufficiency is a pillar of the government’s 20-year plan to transform the Senegalese economy. Development experts say the progress the country has made so far has important lessons for a continent that imports roughly $40bn of food a year.
- fisheries
- http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/how-vital-fish-stocks-in-africa-are-being-stolen-from-human-mouths-to-feed-pigs-and-chickens-on-a7234636.html Joal, a coastal town 70 miles south of Senegal’s capital Dakar, part of a fishing industry that employs almost a million people in the country and supplies many more across West Africa with dried fish. Most meat and fish on our supermarket shelves has been reared on a diet that contains small but vital quantities of fishmeal and oil. Accounting for 60 per cent of all finfish (that is, boned and cartilaginous fish as opposed to shellfish) landings in the world each year, the fishmeal and fish oil industry is by far and away the biggest fishery on the planet and yet paradoxically the one which consumers know the least about. Scottish salmon depend upon fishmeal and oil in their diet, as do chickens and pigs by the billion. For decades, the industry has quietly gone about its own business, boiling up wet fish and producing much smaller amounts of fish powder and oil. The industry has tried hard to dodge public controversy, sourcing “forage” fish, as they are known, from stocks that are deemed inedible or simply unwanted by human populations. In Peru and Chile it is the anchovy and mackerel, where more than two million tonnes were caught in 2015 alone. In Thailand, fishmeal is sourced from the unwanted by-catch hauled up from trawlers, utilised with a waste-not want-not justification. With the soaring growth in meat consumption (and consequent demand for cheap meat) around the world, however, fishmeal and fish oil demand has rocketed, and producers are turning their attention to new fish stock frontiers and the omega 3-rich fish stocks of West African waters.
Investment Environment
- http://www.aabf.org/senegal_inv_guide.htm
"akon city"
- American R&B singer Akon is moving ahead with plans to create a futuristic Pan-African city, announcing this week that construction will begin next year on the US$6 billion project despite global tourism’s uncertain future.Akon, who first announced his idea for the utopian city back in 2018, has described it as a “real-life Wakanda”, comparing it to the technologically advanced fictional African place portrayed in the blockbuster film Black Panther (2018). Akon said he hoped his project would provide much-needed jobs for Senegalese people and also serve as a “home back home” for black Americans and others facing racial injustices.Akon, who was born in the United States to Senegalese parents, spent much of his childhood in the West African country, where only 44 per cent of rural households had electricity even in 2018. Senegalese authorities have embraced him as a native son, introducing him by his given name Aliuane Thiam and praising him for investing in Africa at a time of such global financial uncertainty. On Monday, he travelled with government officials to the grassy fields in Mbodienne, some 100km (62 miles) outside the capital, where construction has yet to begin.The almost surrealist, waterlike designs of Akon City were inspired by the shapes of traditional sculptures long made in Africa’s villages, he said. However, the gleaming structures of Akon City will be made of metal and glass, not wood.Plans include a hotel within the city that will feature rooms decorated for each of the 54 nations of Africa. However, the project was designed by a Dubai-based architect because Akon said he could not find a suitable one in Africa fast enough. It’s also unclear what percentage of the building materials and construction teams will be sourced locally.Akon City is promising a bit of everything: a seaside resort, a tech hub, recording studios and even a zone dubbed “Senewood” that developers hope will help develop Senegal’s film industry.https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/travel-leisure/article/3099873/real-life-wakanda-us-singer-akons-us6bn-akon-city-senegal
people
- Macky Sall (born 11 December 1961) is a Senegalese politician who has been President of Senegal since April 2012. He was re-elected President in the first round voting in February 2019 Senegalese presidential election. Under President Abdoulaye Wade, Sall was Prime Minister of Senegal from April 2004 to June 2007 and President of the National Assembly (Senegal) from June 2007 to November 2008.[2] He was the Mayor of Fatick from 2002 to 2008 and held that post again from 2009 to 2012. Sall was a long-time member of the Senegalese Democratic Party (PDS). After coming into conflict with Wade, he was removed from his post as President of the National Assembly in November 2008; he consequently founded his own party named APR, and joined the opposition. Placing second in the first round of the 2012 presidential election, he won the backing of other opposition candidates and prevailed over Wade in the second round of voting, held on 25 March 2012. Sall was one of five children born to Amadou Abdoul Sall, who was a state worker and then a caretaker and Coumba Thimbo, a peanut seller. He was raised in Fatick and Futa Tooro, as well as Mboro from age 2-5. Sall's father was a member of the Socialist Party of Senegal (PS), but, at the high school in Kaolack, Sall associated with the Maoists at the encouragement of his brother-in-law. During his studies at the University of Dakar he was involved in the Marxist-Leninist movement, And-Jëf, led by Landing Savané. He soon left And-Jëf, since he did not share the ideas of the movement or Savané's use a boycott strategy against the PS in the 1983 election, in which Sall voted for the liberal Abdoulaye Wade, as he did again in 1988.Sall was trained as a geological engineer at the Institute of Earth Sciences (IST) of the University of Dakar and then at the French Institute of Petroleum (IFP)'s National College of Petrol and Engines (ENSPM) in Paris. He is a member of multiple national and international associations of geologists and geological engineers.
Gadio was appointed as Minister of Foreign Affairs when Abdoulaye Wade took office as President in April 2000. He was promoted to the rank of Minister of State, while retaining the foreign affairs portfolio, in November 2002. At the African Union summit in Accra, Ghana in early July 2007, where leaders discussed whether a United States of Africa should be created immediately or gradually, Gadio expressed Senegal's stance in favor of immediate creation, saying that "We are ready to abandon partially or totally our sovereignty to join a unity government in Africa." He mentioned the possibility that Senegal could join a smaller union of willing states if the rest of Africa was not ready. As Foreign Minister, Gadio played a prominent role in African diplomacy, and President Wade praised him as "the best foreign minister in Africa". After more than nine years as Foreign Minister, Gadio was replaced by Madické Niang in the government named on 1 October 2009. No reason was given, although in the Senegalese press it was reported that Gadio had a poor relationship with Karim Wade, the President's son, who also served in the government as Minister of State for International Cooperation, Infrastructure, Air Transport, and Public Works. A few months after his dismissal, Gadio emerged as a critic and opponent of President Wade, launching a new political movement, the Citizen Political Movement (Mouvement politique citoyen, MPC), in May 2010. While sharply criticizing Wade, Gadio reaffirmed his support for pan-Africanism in his movement's manifesto and expressed his hope for an "African Renaissance" in the 21st century. He vowed to combat efforts to eliminate the second round of presidential elections in Senegal; the proposal to reduce elections to a single round was perceived as a change that would work to Wade's benefit.
??? pool nation
- [1776 chron] george samba, a black servant, a native of pool nation
UK
- http://www.reuters.com/article/us-senegal-oil-idUSKBN1841H5https://www.ft.com/content/091c4a94-33e4-11e7-99bd-13beb0903fa3 BP has announced another large gas discovery off the coast of Senegal by its US partner Kosmos Energy, highlighting the west African country’s emergence as an important part of the UK group’s efforts to replenish its reserves. The “major” gas find comes five months after BP agreed to invest $1bn in an alliance with Kosmos to develop resources spanning the maritime border of Senegal and Mauritania. Kosmos said results from its Yakaar-1 well indicated the presence of about 15 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) of gas, adding to a similar discovery last year in a well 40km away called Teranga-1. The success will increase confidence behind predictions from Kosmos that the area could hold up to 50Tcf of gas — comparable to some of the biggest offshore gas developments of recent years in Australia and Egypt.
mauritius
- Senegal, one of West Africa’s largest economies, has torn up its tax treaty with Mauritius as debate rages over the island tax haven’s impact on developing economies.Senegal unilaterally ended its double non-taxation treaty, or DTA, with Mauritius without fanfare earlier this year – and it is only now coming to the attention of tax officials in the region. Senegal had previously threatened to cancel the treaty if certain conditions were not met. Senegal alleged that the agreement, signed in 2004, had cost the West African nation $257 million in lost tax revenue over 17 years. It is the first time that Senegal has called time on a bilateral tax treaty. https://www.icij.org/investigations/mauritius-leaks/senegal-nixes-unbalanced-tax-treaty-with-mauritius/
chinese
people
- Macky Sall (born 11 December 1961) is a Senegalese politician who has been President of Senegal since April 2012. He was re-elected President in the first round voting in February 2019 Senegalese presidential election. Under President Abdoulaye Wade, Sall was Prime Minister of Senegal from April 2004 to June 2007 and President of the National Assembly (Senegal) from June 2007 to November 2008.[2] He was the Mayor of Fatick from 2002 to 2008 and held that post again from 2009 to 2012. Sall was a long-time member of the Senegalese Democratic Party (PDS). After coming into conflict with Wade, he was removed from his post as President of the National Assembly in November 2008; he consequently founded his own party named APR, and joined the opposition. Placing second in the first round of the 2012 presidential election, he won the backing of other opposition candidates and prevailed over Wade in the second round of voting, held on 25 March 2012. Sall was one of five children born to Amadou Abdoul Sall, who was a state worker and then a caretaker and Coumba Thimbo, a peanut seller. He was raised in Fatick and Futa Tooro, as well as Mboro from age 2-5. Sall's father was a member of the Socialist Party of Senegal (PS), but, at the high school in Kaolack, Sall associated with the Maoists at the encouragement of his brother-in-law. During his studies at the University of Dakar he was involved in the Marxist-Leninist movement, And-Jëf, led by Landing Savané. He soon left And-Jëf, since he did not share the ideas of the movement or Savané's use a boycott strategy against the PS in the 1983 election, in which Sall voted for the liberal Abdoulaye Wade, as he did again in 1988.Sall was trained as a geological engineer at the Institute of Earth Sciences (IST) of the University of Dakar and then at the French Institute of Petroleum (IFP)'s National College of Petrol and Engines (ENSPM) in Paris. He is a member of multiple national and international associations of geologists and geological engineers.
- The brother of Senegal's president has resigned as head of a state-run savings fund after the BBC named him in a report over alleged corruption. The report alleged that Aliou Sall was secretly paid $250,000 (£196,300) in 2014 by a gas company that sold its shares in Senegalese gas fields to BP. Mr Sall has denied the claims, calling them part of a campaign to make him "public enemy number one".Senegal's attorney general said an investigation had been launched.https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-48753099
- ?????? ft 24sep19 full page ad by monaco company cavpa on him
Gadio was appointed as Minister of Foreign Affairs when Abdoulaye Wade took office as President in April 2000. He was promoted to the rank of Minister of State, while retaining the foreign affairs portfolio, in November 2002. At the African Union summit in Accra, Ghana in early July 2007, where leaders discussed whether a United States of Africa should be created immediately or gradually, Gadio expressed Senegal's stance in favor of immediate creation, saying that "We are ready to abandon partially or totally our sovereignty to join a unity government in Africa." He mentioned the possibility that Senegal could join a smaller union of willing states if the rest of Africa was not ready. As Foreign Minister, Gadio played a prominent role in African diplomacy, and President Wade praised him as "the best foreign minister in Africa". After more than nine years as Foreign Minister, Gadio was replaced by Madické Niang in the government named on 1 October 2009. No reason was given, although in the Senegalese press it was reported that Gadio had a poor relationship with Karim Wade, the President's son, who also served in the government as Minister of State for International Cooperation, Infrastructure, Air Transport, and Public Works. A few months after his dismissal, Gadio emerged as a critic and opponent of President Wade, launching a new political movement, the Citizen Political Movement (Mouvement politique citoyen, MPC), in May 2010. While sharply criticizing Wade, Gadio reaffirmed his support for pan-Africanism in his movement's manifesto and expressed his hope for an "African Renaissance" in the 21st century. He vowed to combat efforts to eliminate the second round of presidential elections in Senegal; the proposal to reduce elections to a single round was perceived as a change that would work to Wade's benefit.
- Après des études de sociologie et de communication à Paris VIII, il obtient le Diplôme de formation pratique en technologies de la communication et élaboration de programmes pour l'enseignement audiovisuel à Montréal en 1986, puis, en 1994, un doctorat en Communication à Université de l'État de l'Ohio. Il est coordinateur pour l'Afrique occidentale francophone du programme WorLD (World Links for Development) domicilié à la Banque mondiale à Washington, lorsqu'il est nommé ministre des Affaires étrangères du Sénégal en avril 2000.
- Ousmane Sonko (born July 15, 1974) is a Senegalese politician. He is a former chief tax inspector in Senegal, and a tax justice advocate. Sonko was the youngest candidate to run in the 2019 presidential election in Senegal when he challenged the incumbent president, Macky Sall. Ousmane Sonko was born in Thiès, Senegal, and spent his childhood in Sébikotane (near Dakar), and Casamance. His father is from Casamance and his mother is from Khombole.Sonko received a baccalaureate in 1993, and in 1999 a master's degree in Juridical Science, specializing in public law, from Gaston Berger University of Saint-Louis, Senegal.
??? pool nation
- [1776 chron] george samba, a black servant, a native of pool nation
UK
- http://www.reuters.com/article/us-senegal-oil-idUSKBN1841H5https://www.ft.com/content/091c4a94-33e4-11e7-99bd-13beb0903fa3 BP has announced another large gas discovery off the coast of Senegal by its US partner Kosmos Energy, highlighting the west African country’s emergence as an important part of the UK group’s efforts to replenish its reserves. The “major” gas find comes five months after BP agreed to invest $1bn in an alliance with Kosmos to develop resources spanning the maritime border of Senegal and Mauritania. Kosmos said results from its Yakaar-1 well indicated the presence of about 15 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) of gas, adding to a similar discovery last year in a well 40km away called Teranga-1. The success will increase confidence behind predictions from Kosmos that the area could hold up to 50Tcf of gas — comparable to some of the biggest offshore gas developments of recent years in Australia and Egypt.
mauritius
- Senegal, one of West Africa’s largest economies, has torn up its tax treaty with Mauritius as debate rages over the island tax haven’s impact on developing economies.Senegal unilaterally ended its double non-taxation treaty, or DTA, with Mauritius without fanfare earlier this year – and it is only now coming to the attention of tax officials in the region. Senegal had previously threatened to cancel the treaty if certain conditions were not met. Senegal alleged that the agreement, signed in 2004, had cost the West African nation $257 million in lost tax revenue over 17 years. It is the first time that Senegal has called time on a bilateral tax treaty. https://www.icij.org/investigations/mauritius-leaks/senegal-nixes-unbalanced-tax-treaty-with-mauritius/
chinese
- 非洲國家塞內加爾近日發生一宗針對中國公民的持槍入室搶劫傷人案，中國駐當地大使館昨發布消息稱，涉事團夥有組織、有預謀，事件造成兩名中國公民重傷、財物損失。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20201108/00180_006.html
china
- ties
Hk
- consul general in hk
china
- ties
- scmp 17may18 article "connecting with africa"
- 中國國家主席習近平當地時間21日抵達達喀爾，對塞內加爾進行國事訪問。薩勒說，在習近平主席訪問期間，兩國政府將在雙邊合作框架內簽署一系列協議。他希望中國可以更多地參與到「塞內加爾振興計劃」中。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2018/07/22/a03-0722.pdf
- 中國主題圖書展19日在塞內加爾首都達喀爾的黑人文明博物館開幕，集中展示《習近平談治國理政》等310種、1589冊法文版中國圖書 http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20180722/PDF/a4_screen.pdf
Hk
- consul general in hk
- 身兼善德副主席嘅塞內加爾駐港名譽領事藍國慶要去塞內加爾進行出任名譽領事後嘅首次訪問，所以打定幾支疫苗。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20171210/00176_120.html
ft special
- 19apr18
No comments:
Post a Comment