Iluminated masterpiece
- book of kells- lindisfarne gospels
Lorem Ipsum
- http://www.lipsum.com/
Typography
- http://www.economist.com/news/international/21605924-fast-changing-market-fonts-ways-words
typeface
- Sabon is an old-style serif typeface designed by the German-born typographer and designer Jan Tschichold (1902–1974) in the period 1964–1967. It was released jointly by the Linotype, Monotype, and Stempel type foundries in 1967. The design of the roman is based on types by Claude Garamond (c. 1480–1561), particularly a specimen printed by the Frankfurt printer Konrad Berner. Berner had married the widow of a fellow printer Jacques Sabon, the source of the face's name, who had bought some of Garamond's type after his death. The italics are based on types designed by a contemporary of Garamond's, Robert Granjon. It is effectively a Garamond revival, though a different name was chosen as many other modern typefaces already carry this name.Sabon was developed in the early 1960s for a group of German printers who sought a "harmonized" or uniform font that would look the same whether set by hand or on a Monotype or Linotype hot metal typesetting machine.
- https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/1979_BCP_title.jpg/220px-1979_BCP_title.jpg title page of the 1979 Episcopal Book of Common Prayer, printed in Sabon
- 上海外国语大学英文校名全称标准字采用 Sabon 常规粗体。
- https://www.quora.com/Why-don%E2%80%99t-lowercase-and-uppercase-numbers-exist
Palaeography (UK) or paleography (US; ultimately fromGreek: παλαιός, palaiós, "old", and γράφειν, graphein, "to write") is the study of ancient and historical handwriting(that is to say, of the forms and processes of writing, not the textual content of documents). Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts,[2] and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of scriptoria.
Foil for bookbinding
- company
- Kwik-print.com
- Generalrollleaf.com
- Ernestschaeferinc.com
- company
- Www.holliston.com
Binder's board
- company
- Www.ganebrothers.com
- mixiang paper蜜香纸
- [劉仁慶纸系千秋新考] 晉朝太康五年(284年), a oerson claimed to be a courtsman of 大秦 sent a gift of mixiang paper to the emperor. 大秦is the term ancient chinese used to describe western europe and northern africa. They conquered vast amount of lands during western roman times, ruling romans, arabs, indians; also a gift from 林/臨邑國(in present day hue, vietnam, base of cham people占族), source 晋書武帝纪
- produced in china during ming dynasty
- Acid-free paper is paper that if infused in water yields a neutral or basic pH (7 or slightly greater). It can be made from any cellulose fiber as long as the active acid pulp is eliminated during processing. It is also lignin- and sulfur-free.[1] Acid-free paper addresses the problem of preserving documents and artwork for long periods. Archival paper is an especially permanent, durable acid-free paper. Archival paper is meant to be used for publications of high legal, historical, or significant value. Archival paper" is sometimes broken down into two categories:
- Conservation-grade — acid-free, buffered paper made from wood-based pulp.
- 晚明至清初的泥金紙，色呈赤黃，經久不變，遇潮濕也不會發黑。製紙時，把研磨成末的金粉混在黏膠劑中，塗刷整個紙面，就叫「泥金」，故甚珍貴。例如明代孫杕畫蘭石，喜愛使用貴重的泥金紙。清代道光以後，滲入銀粉，變成「淡金」（又叫「青金」）；清末民初更用假金粉，混有容易氧化變黑的一些銀粉。早於明代初期，就出現了在製熟素箋或彩色粉箋上灑金粉的加工技術；這種灑金紙價極昂。灑在紙面上的金粉若呈雨雪狀，稱為「屑金」；若呈片狀，大片若魚鱗狀的，叫做「片金」。祝枝山（祝允明）和吳寬的字扇面中，有些就是用這種大片灑金紙。還有一種比較上等泥金更昂貴的，就是冷金紙，真金粉布滿了紙面。使用屑金紙或片金紙的古字畫尚可偶然遇見；但冷金紙僅見於小量名家的紙扇面細幅作品。像附圖，是清代名家費丹旭繪的繡球花扇面（局部），就是使用冷金紙，全紙有金，如密密麻麻小金星，十分稀有。http://www.takungpao.com.hk/culture/237141/2020/0828/491555.html
- Archival-grade (also Museum-grade) — cotton rag paper made from cotton pulp.
- supplier
- Www.archivart.com
- Bugra papers
- Gutenberg
- company
- Www.ptlp.com
- Www.weito.com
Archival storage
- company
- Www.gaylord.com
- Www.hollingermetaledge.com
- Www.universityproducts.com
- kettle stitch
printmaking
- intaglio printmaker
- TN Lawrence
A bookplate, also known as ex-librīs [Latin, "from the books of..."], is usually a small print or decorative label pasted into a book, often on the inside front cover, to indicate its owner. Simple typographical bookplates are termed "booklabels".The earliest known marks of ownership of books or documents date from the reign of Amenophis III in Egypt (1391−1353 BCE). The earliest known examples of printed bookplates are German, and date from the 15th century. One of the best known is a small hand-coloured woodcut representing a shield of arms supported by an angel, which was pasted into books presented to the Carthusian monastery of Buxheim by Brother Hildebrand Brandenburg of Biberach, about the year 1480—the date being fixed by that of the recorded gift. The woodcut, in imitation of similar devices in old manuscripts, is hand-painted. An example of this bookplate can be found in the Farber Archives of Brandeis University.
Decoupage or Dècoupage is the art of decorating an object by gluing colored paper cutouts onto it in combination with special paint effects, gold leaf and other decorative elements. Commonly an object like a small box or an item of furniture is covered by cutouts from magazines or from purpose-manufactured papers. Each layer is sealed with varnishes (often multiple coats) until the "stuck on" appearance disappears and the result looks like painting or inlay work. The traditional technique used 30 to 40 layers of varnish which were then sanded to a polished finish. 3D decoupage (sometimes also referred to simply as decoupage) is the art of creating a 3D image by cutting out elements of varying sizes from a series of identical images and layering them on top of each other, usually with adhesive foam spacers between each layer to give the image more depth. Pyramid decoupage (also called pyramage) is a process similar to 3D decoupage. In pyramid decoupage, a series of identical images are cut into progressively smaller, identical shapes which are layered and fixed with adhesive foam spacers to create a 3D "pyramid" effect.
mini printer
- PrinCube的大小跟傳統打印機墨水相若，可以放進手袋。用家只需連結WiFi到手機或電腦讀取檔案後，再將打印機在信封或貼紙掃一下，文字圖案隨即印到紙面上；在包裹或聖誕卡列印地址和簽名亦沒問題，特別之處是它兼容市面的墨盒型號，不用另配特殊墨盒。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20200207/00180_022.html
Printer cartridge
- http://www.economist.com/news/business/21707960-row-over-printer-cartridges-blot-landscape
Collotype is a dichromate-based photographic process invented by Alphonse Poitevin in 1856[1][2] and used for large volume mechanical printing before the existence of cheaper offset lithography. It can produce results difficult to distinguish from metal-based photographic prints because of its microscopically fine reticulations which comprise the image. Many old postcards are collotypes. Its possibilities for fine art photography were first employed in the United States by Alfred Stieglitz. The collotype plate is made by coating a plate of glass or metal with a substrate composed of gelatin or other colloid and hardening it. Then it is coated with a thick coat of dichromated gelatin and dried carefully at a controlled temperature (a little over 50 degrees Celsius) so it 'reticulates' or breaks up into a finely grained pattern when washed later in approximately 16 °C water. The plate is then exposed in contact with the negative using an ultraviolet (UV) source which changes the ability of the exposed gelatin to absorb water later. The plate is developed by carefully washing out the dichromate salt and dried without heat. The plate is left in a cool dry place to cure for 24 hours before using it to print. To produce prints, the plate is dampened with a glycerine/water mixture which is slightly acidic, then blotted before inking with collotype ink using a leather or velvet roller. A hard finished paper such as Bristol is then put on top of the plate and covered with a tympan before being printed typically using a hand proof press. Collotypes are printed using less pressure than is used in printing intaglio or stone lithography. While it is possible to print by hand using a roller or brayer, an acceptable consistency of pressure and even distribution of ink is most effectively achieved using a press. Because of its ability to print fine detail, it was also used for business cards and invitations with fine script lettering.
films
- Metallised films (or metalized films) are polymer films coated with a thin layer of metal, usually aluminium. They offer the glossy metallic appearance of an aluminium foil at a reduced weight and cost. Metallised films are widely used for decorative purposes and food packaging, and also for specialty applications including insulation and electronics.
- Metallised films have a reflective silvery surface similar to aluminium foil and are highly flammable. The coating also reduces the permeability of the film to light, water and oxygen. The properties of the film remain, such as higher toughness, the ability to be heat sealed, and a lower density at a lower cost than an aluminium foil. This gives metallised films some advantages over aluminium foil and aluminium foil laminates. It was thought that metallised films would become a replacement for aluminium foil laminates, but current films still cannot match the barrier properties of foil. Some very high barrier metallised films are available using EVOH, but are not yet cost effective against foil laminates.
- Metallised PET films are used in NASA spacesuits to reflect heat radiation, keeping astronauts warm, and in ″proximity suits″ used by firefighters for protection from the high amount of heat released from fuel fires. Aluminized emergency blankets are also used to conserve a shock victim's body heat. MPET has been used as an antistatic container for other heat and sound insulating materials used in aircraft, to prevent the insulation from leaking into the passenger cabin, but is not itself the insulator in that use.
- Metallised films are used as a dielectric in the manufacture of a type of capacitor used in electronic circuits,[6] and as a material in some types of antistatic bags.
3D printing
- http://www.afr.com/business/manufacturing/titomic-unveils-mega-metal-3d-printer-capable-of-making-airplane-wings-or-ships-20180516-h105vf CSIRO-backed outfit Titomic fired up the world's largest metal 3D printer - about the size of a city bus - for the first time at an unveiling ceremony in Melbourne on Wednesday.
- material
- Pla, abs, woodfill, flex, nylon, pet, pva, hips
- uses
- http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1682700/3d-printing-used-treatment-hong-kong-patients-bow-legs
- http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2917025/The-villas-created-using-3D-printers-100-000-five-storey-homes-using-construction-waste-China.html
- 日本千葉縣銚子市的犬吠埼燈塔，是該國最古老燈塔之一，擁有獨特風貌。當地一間百年陶器店早前推出一款特別的豉油瓷碟，透過3D技術在碟上畫出凹凸花紋，只要倒入豉油，碟上深淺地方就會反映出濃淡不一的顏色，呈現朝日從海上初升時，犬吠埼燈塔輪廓剪影漸漸浮現的景色圖案。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20200708/00180_025.html
- 德國一位設計師近日利用3D打印技術，製成出一系列現代黏土器皿「Clay Pantry」https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20200911/00180_039.html
- google sketchup available for download at http://sketchup.google.com
- www.shapeways.com (no need for having own printer), redeye, quickarc, xardas, alphaprototypes
- google 3D warehouse (http://sketchup.google.com/3dwarehouse/) - repository of sketchup models for search and download
- material composition (www.shapeways.com/materials-options)
- sharing models
- www.thingiverse.com
- Tinkercad
- sketchup plug-ins
- www.sketchuptips.blogspot.com
- www.sketchup.google.com/download/plug-ins.html#lightup
- www.alexschreyer.net
- www.smustard.com/scripts/
- volume calculator www.cad-addict.com/2008/11/sketchup-plug_ins-volume-calculator.html
- flattery papercraft www.pumpkinpirate.info/flattery
- CADspan www.cadspan.com (converting model file format)
- sketchyphysics http://code.google.com/p/sketchyphysics/
- www.suplugins.com
- v-flash desktop factory
- reprap
- fab@home
-community
- sketchup.google.com/community/
- www.cnczone.com
- www.fabbaloo.com
- www.instructables.com
- www.replicatorinc.com
- www.buildyourcnc.com
- www.meetup.com
- The RepRap project started as a British initiative to develop a 3D printer that can print most of its own components and be a low-cost 3D printer, but it is now made up of hundreds of collaborators world wide.[1] RepRap (short for replicating rapid prototyper) uses an additive manufacturingtechnique called fused filament fabrication (FFF) to lay down material in layers; a plastic filament or metal wire is unwound from a coil and supplies material to produce a part. The project calls it Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) to avoid trademark issues with the "fused deposition modeling" term.As an open design, all of the designs produced by the project are released under a free software license, the GNU General Public License.[2] Due to the self-replicating ability of the machine, authors envision the possibility to cheaply distribute RepRap units to people and communities, enabling them to create (or download from the Internet) complex products without the need for expensive industrial infrastructure (distributed manufacturing)[3] including scientific equipment.[4][5]They intend for the RepRap to demonstrateevolution in this process as well as for it to increase in number exponentially.[1][6] A preliminary study has already shown that using RepRaps to print common products results in economic savings, which justifies the investment in a RepRap.
Printing electronics
- http://www.economist.com/news/science-and-technology/21702741-printing-conventional-rotary-presses-will-create-cheaper-electronics
日本京都大學團隊利用孔雀羽毛及熱帶魚因光反射呈現鮮艷色彩相同的原理，開發出毋須墨水染色的印刷技術，可人工呈現各種顏色，並能描繪高清圖案，環保不褪色，成本低。團隊相信技術可應用於防偽鈔票，甚至能改革印刷業界。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190622/00180_038.html
Event
- printing
- packaging
History
- In ancient times, people wrote on papyrus, which is brittle and fragile and, under normal conditions, typically only survives for about fifty years or so before it breaks down into dust. The only way a manuscript could possibly be preserved was by copying the whole thing out by hand, which was an unbelievably tedious, time-consuming, and expensive task. In order for a text to be lost forever, you did not need to burn it; you just needed to decide not to copy it and, within a few decades, it would be gone.This meant that, in order for a text to be preserved from antiquity, roughly every fifty years or so, some rich person had to read it and say, “Huh, you know, I’d really like a copy of this text” and either pay someone an exorbitant amount of money to copy it or order a literate slave to devote countless hours of their time to the task of copying the manuscript. Copying a single manuscript could take months or even years, depending on the length. Many of the texts that have survived from antiquity have done so because they were commonly used in schools, where they were read and studied by students.This was how manuscripts were copied for over 2,000 years until the invention of the printing press in the 1400s. That means that, in order to survive, a manuscript of a text originally written in the fifth century BC had to be copied, not once or twice, but dozens of times. https://www.quora.com/Why-is-it-said-that-the-destruction-of-the-library-of-Alexandria-set-humanity-back-hundreds-of-years
- Print China in Guangdong www.printchina.org
- packaging
History
- In ancient times, people wrote on papyrus, which is brittle and fragile and, under normal conditions, typically only survives for about fifty years or so before it breaks down into dust. The only way a manuscript could possibly be preserved was by copying the whole thing out by hand, which was an unbelievably tedious, time-consuming, and expensive task. In order for a text to be lost forever, you did not need to burn it; you just needed to decide not to copy it and, within a few decades, it would be gone.This meant that, in order for a text to be preserved from antiquity, roughly every fifty years or so, some rich person had to read it and say, “Huh, you know, I’d really like a copy of this text” and either pay someone an exorbitant amount of money to copy it or order a literate slave to devote countless hours of their time to the task of copying the manuscript. Copying a single manuscript could take months or even years, depending on the length. Many of the texts that have survived from antiquity have done so because they were commonly used in schools, where they were read and studied by students.This was how manuscripts were copied for over 2,000 years until the invention of the printing press in the 1400s. That means that, in order to survive, a manuscript of a text originally written in the fifth century BC had to be copied, not once or twice, but dozens of times. https://www.quora.com/Why-is-it-said-that-the-destruction-of-the-library-of-Alexandria-set-humanity-back-hundreds-of-years
- 位於寧夏 銀川市西郊賀蘭山深處拜寺溝以北的古塔被炸發生在 1990年 11月，專家們在清理塔心木柱 時，發現木柱表面有用兩種文字書寫的題 記，一種是漢字，另一種是一種很陌生的文 字，看上去，它的字形結構方方正正，很像 漢字，但卻又不是漢字。經古文字專家辨 別，它就是人們曾經一度認為已經失傳的文 字——西夏文。而這本《吉祥遍至口和本 續》，是國家文物局印發的《首批禁止出國 （境）展覽文物目錄》中，寧夏地區被唯一 確定的重要文物。，廢墟中斜插着一根木柱引起 了現場專家的注意。經文物專家辨認，它是 墨書漢文和西夏文題記的塔心柱，依稀能辨 認出：「……特發心願，重修磚塔一座，並 蓋佛殿，纏腰塑畫佛像，到 4月 1日立塔心 柱，奉為皇帝皇太后萬歲，重臣千秋，風調 雨 順 ， 萬 民 樂 業 ， 法 論 常 轉 。 今 特 奉 旨……」後又辨認出「大白高國大安二年」 字樣。「大白高國」即為西夏國名，「大 安」是西夏第三代皇帝秉常的年號，「二 年」當為公元1075年，這就確定了方塔的建 造年代，其所建與西夏皇族有關。經過一個多 月的清理，這裏發掘出大量的文物，有西夏文 木牌、西夏文和漢文字文書、佛經、舍利子 包、絲織品、錢幣、小泥佛、小泥塔等，其中 以西夏文書、佛經最具價值，最珍貴的當屬西 夏文佛經《吉祥遍至口和本續》。 《吉祥遍至口和本續》的發現，讓木活字 印刷史改寫，這本西夏文佛經《吉祥遍至口 和本續》共有 9卷，449面，約 10萬字，文 字清晰整齊。經專家深入研究，《吉祥遍至 口和本續》與同時代的雕版印本有許多明顯 的不同：首先，這部佛經具有明顯的活字版 印本特徵，在雕版印本上是不可能出現的； 其次，經文筆畫流暢，邊緣整齊，少有斷 筆、缺筆現象，印刷精良，而且有木活字特 有的隔行加條印痕，說明王禎《活字印書 法》中「排字作行，削成竹片夾之」的技 術，早在西夏時期就已經出現；經考證，與 《吉祥遍至口和本續》共存的文物中，有紀 年者最晚為公元 1180年的漢文發願文，未 見西夏時期以後的文物。據此認定西夏文佛 經《吉祥遍至口和本續》不僅 是活字印刷品，而且是木活字 印刷品。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2020/09/24/a18-0924.pdf
- The Gutenberg Bible (also known as the42-line Bible, the Mazarin Bible or theB42) was the first major book printed using mass-produced movable type. It marked the start of the "Gutenberg Revolution" and the age of the printed book in the West. Widely praised for its high aesthetic and artistic qualities,[1]the book has an iconic status. Written in Latin, the Catholic Gutenberg Bible is an edition of the Vulgate, printed byJohannes Gutenberg, in Mainz, in present-day Germany, in the 1450s.
Web resources
- traditional book making
- The Gutenberg Bible (also known as the42-line Bible, the Mazarin Bible or theB42) was the first major book printed using mass-produced movable type. It marked the start of the "Gutenberg Revolution" and the age of the printed book in the West. Widely praised for its high aesthetic and artistic qualities,[1]the book has an iconic status. Written in Latin, the Catholic Gutenberg Bible is an edition of the Vulgate, printed byJohannes Gutenberg, in Mainz, in present-day Germany, in the 1450s.
Web resources
- traditional book making
- Www.centerforbookarts.org
- Cool.conservation-us.org
- Www.calrbs.org
- bookbinding
- Www.cs.uiowa.edu/~jones/book/index.html
- Www.indiana.edu/~libpres/manual/manintro.html
company
- bookbinding
- Federico Cerruti (1 January 1922 – 15 July 2015) was a reclusive Italian art collector whose collection was described by Artribune as one of the best in Europe. He told his retainers to arrange his funeral before his death became public in order to avoid the "useless gossiping and socialising crowd" attending.Federico Cerruti was born in Genoa on 1 January 1922. His family were bookbinders who moved to Turin where the firm prospered despite its factory being destroyed by bombing during the Second World War. In 1943, Cerruti narrowly escaped death when a ship he should have been on, the battleship Roma, was sunk by German aircraft. Cerruti was brought up with a strong work ethic. He studied accountancy and expanded the family business of Legatoria Industriale Torinese to one of the largest bookbinders in Italy. The firm had the contract to bind the telephone directories of Italy. He lived above the office, and only slept at the villa he had built for him, once in 50 years. His assistant for 30 years was Annalisa Ferrari.
foam
- Expanded polyethylene (aka EPE foam) refers to foams made from polyethylene. Typically it is made from expanded pellets ('EPE bead') made with use of a blowing agent, followed by expansion into a mold in a steam chest - the process is similar to that used to make expanded polystyrene foam.
- xpe foam
china
- 國家聯合發布9個新職業中，增材製造設備操作員（3D打印操作員）榜上有名。在恆溫恆濕的實驗室內，3D打印操作員下達程序指令，兩米多高的3D打印設備便「滋滋」地開始工作。3D打印操作員不僅要熟練操作機器，還要熟悉材料和工藝、軟件，以及後處理等技術，無人機、汽車零部件、影視道具、牙模……這些五花八門的產品，只消短短一晚上，便能從圖紙概念變為實物。3D打印技術，如今已經成為內地龐大製造業一分子。而3D打印背後的年輕操作員，也逐漸成為中國高端製造中堅力量。http://www.takungpao.com.hk/news/232108/2020/0727/479964.html
- 國家聯合發布9個新職業中，增材製造設備操作員（3D打印操作員）榜上有名。在恆溫恆濕的實驗室內，3D打印操作員下達程序指令，兩米多高的3D打印設備便「滋滋」地開始工作。3D打印操作員不僅要熟練操作機器，還要熟悉材料和工藝、軟件，以及後處理等技術，無人機、汽車零部件、影視道具、牙模……這些五花八門的產品，只消短短一晚上，便能從圖紙概念變為實物。3D打印技術，如今已經成為內地龐大製造業一分子。而3D打印背後的年輕操作員，也逐漸成為中國高端製造中堅力量。http://www.takungpao.com.hk/news/232108/2020/0727/479964.html
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