Tuesday, April 16, 2019

Jordan

Royalty
- The House of Hashim, better known as the Hashemites Hashmi (Arabic: الهاشميون‎‎, al-Hāshimīyūn; also "Hashimites" or "Hashimids"), are the royal family of the Hejaz (1916–1925), Iraq (1921–1958), and Jordan (1921–present). The family belongs to the Dhawu Awn, one of the branches of the Hasanid Sharifs of Mecca – also referred to as Hashemites – who ruled Mecca continuously from the 10th century until its conquest by the House of Saud in 1924. Their eponymous ancestor is Hashim ibn Abd Manaf, great-grandfather of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad.The current dynasty was founded by Sharif Hussein ibn Ali, who was appointed as Sharif and Emir of Mecca by Sultan Abdul Hamid II in 1908, then in 1916 was proclaimed King of the Arab Lands (but only recognized as King of the Hejaz) after initiating the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire. His sons Abdullah and Faisal assumed the thrones of Jordan and Iraq in 1921. The dynasty is the oldest ruling dynasty in the Islamic World, and the second-oldest in the world.

  • Hussein bin Talal (Arabic: حسين بن طلال‎, Ḥusayn ibn Ṭalāl; 14 November 1935 – 7 February 1999) was King of Jordan from the abdication of his father, King Talal, on 11 August 1952, until his death in 1999. According to Hussein, he is a 40th-generation direct descendant of Muhammad as he belongs to the Hashemite family—who have ruled Jordan since 1921.He was born in Amman as the eldest child of Crown Prince Talal and his wife, Princess Zein Al-Sharaf. Hussein began his schooling in Amman, continuing his education abroad. 15-year old Hussein witnessed the assassination of his grandfather King Abdullah I in Jerusalem in 1951. Hussein was named crown prince after his father became king. When Talal was forced to abdicate by Parliament a year after he became king due to illness, a Regency Council was appointed until Hussein came of age. He was enthroned at the age of 17 on 2 May 1953.In 1952, when he was a 17-year old schoolboy, Hussein inherited the throne to a young kingdom that included the then Jordanian-controlled West Bank. The country had few natural resources, and a large Palestinian refugee population resulting from the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. Hussein led his country through four turbulent decades of the Arab–Israeli conflict and the Cold War, successfully balancing pressures from Arab nationalists, Soviet Union, Western countries, and Israel, transforming Jordan by the end of his 46-year reign to a stable modern state. After 1967 he increasingly engaged in efforts to solve the Palestinian problem, he also acted as conciliatory intermediate between various Middle Eastern rivals; Hussein became to be seen as the Middle East's peacemaker. He was revered for pardoning political dissidents and opponents, and giving them senior posts in the government. Hussein, who survived dozens of assassination attempts and plots to overthrow him, was the region's longest-reigning leader. The King died at the age of 63 from cancer on 7 February 1999.
  • The young prince started his elementary education in Amman. He was then educated at Victoria College in Alexandria, Egypt. He proceeded to Harrow School in England, where he befriended his second cousin Faisal II of Iraq, who was also studying there.[1] Faisal was then King of Hashemite Iraq, but was under regency since he was the same age as Hussein.
  • queen alia
  •  Queen Alia, born Alia Baha Uddin Toukan, married His Majesty the late King Hussein in 1971.They had two children: Their Royal Highnesses Princess Haya and Prince Ali. In 1972, they adopted Abeer Moheisen.Active in charity and social work, Queen Alia represented Jordanian women at many international conferences, serving as a model for Arab women in supporting their causes and their participation in socioeconomic development.In memory of Queen Alia, Princess Haya set up Tkiyet Um Ali, which provides assistance to underprivileged families.Launched in 2006, the project was originally an idea introduced by the late Queen, who wanted to help underprivileged families.The term “tkiyet” dates back to the Ottoman period, when prominent families opened facilities on their estates to offer food to the poor and homeless.http://jordantimes.com/news/local/jordan-marks-passing-queen-alia-0
    • Prince Hamzah bin Hussein, OSJ (Arabic: حمزة بن الحسين‎; born 29 March 1980)[1] is the elder son of King Hussein of Jordan and his American-born fourth wife, Queen Noor. He was named Crown Prince of Jordan in 1999, a position he held until his half-brother, King Abdullah II, rescinded it in 2004. Queen Noor states in her autobiography that she and King Hussein named Hamzah after Hamza ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib.
      •  The former crown prince of Jordan says he has been placed under house arrest as part of a crackdown on critics.In a video passed to the BBC by his lawyer, Prince Hamzah bin Hussein, the half-brother of King Abdullah, accuses the country's leaders of corruption, incompetence and harassment.https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-56626370
  •  https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-48843168 Princess Haya Bint al-Hussein, a wife of the ruler of Dubai, Sheikh Mohammed Al Maktoum, is in hiding in London and said to be in fear for her life after fleeing her husband.Sheikh Mohammed, 69, who is a billionaire racehorse owner and has often been seen conversing with the Queen at Ascot, has posted a furious poem on Instagram accusing an unidentified woman of "treachery and betrayal". The Jordanian-born and British-educated Princess Haya, 45, married Sheikh Mohammed - owner of Godolphin horse racing stables - in 2004, becoming his sixth and "junior wife". 
    Sheikh Mohammed reportedly has 23 children by different wives.Princess Haya fled initially this year to Germany to seek asylum. She is now said to be living in a £85m ($107m) town house in Kensington Palace Gardens, in central London, and preparing for a legal battle in the High Court.
government
- ministry of tourism and antiquities (kiv logo)



Al-Karak (Arabic: الكرك‎‎), also known as just Karak or Kerak, is a city in Jordan known for its Crusader castle, the Kerak Castle. The castle is one of the three largest castles in the region, the other two being in Syria. Al-Karak is the capital city of the Karak Governorate. Al-Karak has been inhabited since at least the Iron Age, and was an important city for the Moabites. In the Bible it is called Qer Harreseth or Kir of Moab, and is identified as having been subject to the Assyrian empire; in the Books of Kings (16:9) and Book of Amos (1:5, 9:7), it is mentioned as the place where the Syrians went before they settled in the regions in the northern of Levant, and to which Tiglath-Pileser III sent the prisoners after the conquest of Damascus. In 1958 the remains of an inscription was found in Wadi al-Karak that has been dated to the late 9th century BC. During the late Hellenistic Period, al-Karak became an important town taking its name from the Aramaic word for town, Kharkha (כרכא). The area eventually fell under the power of the Nabateans. The Roman Empire – with support from the Arab Ghassanid tribe, or Ghassasinah – conquered it from them in 105 AD. The city was known in Late Antiquity as Harreketh. Under the Byzantine Empire it was the seat of a bishopric, housing the much venerated Church of Nazareth, and remained predominantly Christian under Arab rule. 

Amman
- RABBATH-AMMON, afterwards called Philadelphia, the capital of the Ammonites, was situated near the southern source of the jabbok, some twenty-two miles beyond Jordan. It was famous even in the time Moses, De 3:11 Joshua 13:25. When David declared war against the Ammonites, his general, Joab, laid siege to Rabbath-Ammon, where Uriah lost his life by a secret order of his prince; and when the city was reduced to the last extremity, Joab sent for David to hasten and go thither, to enjoy the honor of taking it, 2 Samuel 11:12. From this time it became subject to the kings of Judah; but the kings of Israel subsequently became masters of it, with the tribes beyond Jordan. Towards the conclusion of the kingdom of Israel, Tiglathpileser having taken away a great part of the Israelites, the Ammonites were guilty of many cruelties against those who remained; for which the prophets Jeremiah and Ezekiel pronounced very severe prophecies against Rabbath, their captial, and against the rest of the country; which probably had their completion five years after the destruction of Jerusalem, Jeremiah 49:1-3 Ezekiel 21:20. Antiochus the Great afterwards took the city. It was long known to the Greeks and Romans as Philadelphia; but this name is now unknown in that vicinity, while the more ancient name still survives. It is now called Amman, and is about fifteen miles southeast of Szalt, the ancient Ramoth-Gilead. Burckhardt found there extensive runs, which he has described. He and numerous other travellers found it desolate, as had been foretold; it was literally "a stable for camels," "a couching-place for flocks," Ezekiel 25:5. http://biblehub.com/topical/r/rabbath.htm
- history
  •  Ammon (Hebrew: עַמּוֹן‎, Modern: Ammon, Tiberian: ʻAmmôn; Arabic: عمّون‎, romanized: ʻAmmūn) was an ancient Semitic-speaking nation occupying the east of the Jordan River, between the torrent valleys of Arnon and Jabbok, in present-day Jordan.[1][2] The chief city of the country was Rabbah or Rabbath Ammon, site of the modern city of Amman, Jordan's capital. Milcom and Molech (who may be one and the same) are named in the Hebrew Bible as the gods of Ammon. The people of this kingdom are called "Children of Ammon" or "Ammonites".按照创世记，亚扪人与以色列人有亲缘关系。他们和摩押人的关系更近。人们有时用“罗得的子孙”指代亚扪人或摩押人。亚扪人的名字都显现出纯粹的迦南语名字的特征，这证实了上述亲缘关系的存在。旧约也显示了希伯来人对亚扪人的蔑视与痛恨。因为在以色列人由旷野征服迦南地的途中，亚扪人拒绝以色列人取道他们的土地，而且伙同摩押人雇了巴蘭来咒诅他们（申命记23：4）。申命记23：3规定“亚扪人或是摩押人不可入耶和华的会。他们的子孙，虽过十代，也永不可入耶和华的会。”从此以后的旧约时代即“第一圣殿时代”以及犹太人从巴比伦回归后的“第二圣殿时代”，亚扪人和以色列人始终为敌。然而，次經《猶滴傳》的記載剛好相反。根據猶滴傳，亞述尼布甲尼撒王第十七年，王因敘利亞、以色列、亞捫、摩押和埃及等地人民未有積極支擾第十二年亞述與馬化之戰爭，而派荷羅菲南討伐（猶滴傳1:12-13）。荷羅菲南大軍壓境後，得悉山上的以色列人已備戰，就召集摩押、亞捫各族首領商議軍情，欲討伐以色列（猶滴傳5:1-4）。當中只有亞捫人首領亞基耳進諫力阻，指除非以色列人得罪上帝，否則上帝必定保守以色列人，無人能戰勝他們（猶滴傳5:17-21）。荷羅菲南大怒，把亞基耳綁起，交到以色列人手中（猶滴傳6:7-12），要他「和城中的人一同滅亡」。以色列人接了亞基耳進入伯和理亞城後，得悉事情始末，就「大大的讚揚他」（猶滴傳6:20）以色列人戰勝亞述人後，亞基耳受了割禮，「皈依以色列家」。（猶滴傳14:10）
    • https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-correct-interpretation-of-2-Samuel-12-31-that-King-David-sacrificed-the-Ammonites-to-Yahweh-by-burning-them-in-a-brick-kiln-or-that-he-put-them-to-work-making-bricks it is to be noted that passing through the fire did not always entail being burned up by it. It also meant passing the child over the flames, or jumping over it. This is the same as the Beltain ceremony practiced until very recently in the British Isles and Scandinavia. The cult of Moloch would have been considered yet another variation of baal-worship. "Beltain" in Celtic means "Fire of Bel" i.e. of Baal. The prohibition against the practice against passing children through the fire to Moloch included drawing therm over or through the flames without harming them.There was a specific commandment to make allowance for the Children of Ammon even in the face of provocation.The Bible tells us how Huram the master-craftsman from Tyre directed the production of numerous vessels of bronze for Solomon. He did this in an area by the Jordan River not far from the Land of Ammon.

Azraq
- black basalt fort was headquarter of lawrence of arabia during arab revolt

Jerash, the Gerasa of Antiquity (Ancient Greek: Γέρασα, Hebrew: גַ'רַש), is the capital and largest city of Jerash Governorate (محافظة جرش), which is situated in the north of Jordan, 48 kilometres (30 mi) north of the capitalAmman towards Syria. Jerash Governorate's geographical features vary from cold mountains to fertile valleys from 250 to 300 metres (820 to 980 ft) above sea level, suitable for growing a wide variety of crops. In the latter Ottoman period, the city of Jerash's name was abandoned and changed to Sakib, yet this was not a permanent development, as the name "Jerash" reappears in Ottoman tax registers by the end of 16th century. A strong earthquake in 749 AD destroyed large parts of Jerash, while subsequent earthquakes along with the wars and turmoil contributed to additional destruction. Its destruction and ruins remained buried in the soil for hundreds of years until they were discovered by German Orientalist Ulrich Jasper Seetzenin 1806. He began excavation and a return to life of the current Jerash by inhabitants of older villages. 70 years later, this was followed by the Muslim community, Circassians, who emigrated to Jordan from the Caucasus in 1878 after the Ottoman-Russian war. Subsequently a large community of people from Syria came to the area at the beginning of the 20th century. Jerash is the site of the ruins of the Greco-Roman city of Gerasa, also referred to as Antioch on the Golden River. Ancient Greek inscriptions from the city as well as literary sources from both Iamblichus and the Etymologicum Magnum support that the city was founded by Alexander the Great or his general Perdiccas, who settled aged Macedonian soldiers there (γῆρας - gēras means "old age" in Ancient Greek). This took place during the spring of 331 BC, when Alexander left Egypt, crossed Syria and then went to Mesopotamia.

Karak
- The Battle of Mu'tah (Arabic: معركة مؤتة , غزوة مؤتة‎‎) was fought in September 629 C.E. (1 Jumada al-awwal 8 A.H.), near the village of Mu'tah, east of the Jordan River and Karak in Karak Governorate, between the forces of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad and the forces of the Byzantine Empire.In Muslim histories, the battle is usually described as the Muslims' attempt to take retribution against a Ghassanid chief for taking the life of an emissary. According to Byzantine sources, the Muslims planned to launch their attack on a feast day. The local Byzantine Vicarius learned of their plans and collected the garrisons of the fortresses. According to the Encyclopaedia of Islam, the Muslims were routed after three of their leaders were killed.
- The Battle of Yarmouk was a major battle between the army of the Byzantine Empire and the Muslim Arab forces of the Rashidun Caliphate. The battle consisted of a series of engagements that lasted for six days in August 636, near the Yarmouk River, along what today are the borders of Syria–Jordan and Syria–Israel, east of the Sea of Galilee. The result of the battle was a complete Muslim victory which ended Byzantine rule in Syria. The Battle of Yarmouk is regarded as one of the most decisive battles in military history,[7][8] and it marked the first great wave of early Muslim conquests after the death of Muhammad, heralding the rapid advance of Islam into the then Christian Levant. In order to check the Arab advance and to recover lost territory, Emperor Heraclius had sent a massive expedition to the Levant in May 636. As the Byzantine army approached, the Arabs tactically withdrew from Syria and regrouped all their forces at the Yarmouk plains close to the Arabian Peninsula, where, after being reinforced, they defeated the numerically superior Byzantine army. The battle is considered to be one of Khalid ibn al-Walid's greatest military victories. It cemented his reputation as one of the greatest tacticians and cavalry commanders in history

Madaba
- dubbed "the city of mosaics"

Mount nebo
- believed to be the place where moses was buried

Pella (Ancient Greek: Πέλλα, also known in Arabic as Tabaqat Fahl, طبقة فحل) is found in northwestern Jordan, 27.4 km (17 miles) south of the Sea of Galilee.[1] Pella represents one of ten Decapolis cities that were founded during the Hellenistic period and became powerful under Roman jurisdiction. 

Shoubak
- Montreal is a Crusader castle on the eastern side of the Arabah, perched on the side of a rocky, conical mountain, looking out over fruit trees below. The ruins, called Shoubak or Shawbak in Arabic, are located in modern town of Shoubak in Jordan.The castle was built in 1115 by Baldwin I of Jerusalem during his expedition to the area where he captured Aqaba on the Red Sea in 1116. Originally called 'Krak de Montreal' or 'Mons Regalis', it was named in honour of the king's own contribution to its construction (Mont Royal). It was strategically located on a hill on the plain of Edom, along the pilgrimage and caravan routes from Syria to Arabia. This allowed Baldwin to control the commerce of the area, as pilgrims and merchants needed permission to travel past it. It was surrounded by relatively fertile land, and two cisterns were carved into the hill, with a long, steep staircase leading to springs within the hill itself. It remained property of the royal family of the Kingdom of Jerusalem until 1142, when it became part of the Lordship of Oultrejordain. At the same time the centre of the Lordship was moved to Kerak, a stronger fortress to the north of Montreal. Along with Kerak, the castle owed sixty knights to the kingdom. It was held by Philip de Milly, and then passed to Raynald of Châtillon when he married Stephanie de Milly. Raynald used the castle to attack the rich caravans that had previously been allowed to pass unharmed. He also built ships there, then transported them overland to the Red Sea, planning to attack Mecca itself. This was intolerable to the Ayyubid sultan Saladin, who invaded the kingdom in 1187.[1] After capturing Jerusalem, later in the year he besieged Montreal. During the siege the defenders are said to have sold their wives and children for food, and to have gone blind from "lack of salt." Because of the hill Saladin was unable to use siege engines, but after almost two years the castle finally fell to his troops in May 1189, after which the defenders' families were returned to them. The Mameluks later captured and rebuilt it.


Association/Institution
- ICT Association http://www.intaj.net/

Company
- Arab Bank is one of the largest financial institutions in the Middle East, founded in 1930 in Jerusalem, Mandatory Palestine, as the first private sector financial institution in the Arab world. Headquartered today in Amman, Jordan, it serves clients in more than 600 branches spanning five continents. Arab Bank is a publicly held shareholding company listed on the Amman Stock Exchange.In the 1940s and 1950s, the bank grew to 43 branches and had JOD 5.5 million capital. During the 1960s, the bank focused on investments and became a catalyst for Arab economic developments when most other financial institutions avoided the risk.During the nationalization wave of the 1960s, Arab Bank lost a total of 25 branches.[7] Following the Six-Day War in 1967, the bank closed its West Bank and Gaza branches. Although it closed branches in the Middle East, the bank continued to expand in other parts of the world. In 1961, the bank opened its first international location, becoming the first Arab financial institution to establish a presence in Switzerland.[7] By 1964 Arab Bank Switzerland had locations in both Zürich and Geneva.In the mid-1990s, the bank was given permission by the Central Bank of Jordan and the Israeli Central Bank to reopen in the West Bank/Gaza under the supervision of both the CBJ and the Palestinian Monetary Authority.
In January 2007, Arab Bank established Europe Arab Bank (EAB), a London-based, fully owned subsidiary.[11] It also acquired 50% of MNG Bank in Turkey (now known as Turkland Bank) and 50% of Al Nisr Al Arabi Insurance company in Jordan, thus introducing bancassurance to its product variety. Also, the group established Arab Bank-Syria.[12] In 2008, Arab Bank partnered with VASCO Data Security International, Inc., now OneSpan, to work on the bank's authentication technology.
Over the next few years, the bank opened branches in Frankfurt, London, Australia, New York and Singapore. Following the Oslo Peace Accords between Israel and Palestine, at the invitation of Israel, Arab Bank opened branches in several Palestinian towns with broad governmental support.
- pharmaceutical
  • listed in london

- shopping mall

  • abdali mall

- watch

  • http://www.timecenter.jo/, an exhibitor at HKTDC watch fair in 2014 (retailer and wholesaler with 21 outlets in jordan)
- mice

  • Sherazade travel
  • Exhibited at ite 2017
- jewellery

  • amor jordan (exhibited at sep19 ubm jewellery fr)


Industry
- solar

  • http://www.jordantimes.com/news/local/kingdom%E2%80%99s-largest-solar-plant-launched Deputising for His Majesty King Abdullah, Prime Minister Hani Mulki on Monday announced the official launch of the production phase of the Shams Maan Project for generating electricity from photovoltaic cells, according to a statement by the company.

- wine and spirits
  • http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/cndy/2016-10/15/content_27068736.htm Jordanian beer pioneer Yazan Karadsheh is now taking his next risky step, sendinga first shipment of his Carakale to the U.S., where it will compete with thousands ofbrands in a $22 billion-a-year craft beer market.
people
- Hani Fawzi Mulki (also known as Hani Mulki; Arabic: هاني الملقي‎; Hāni Al-Mulki; born 15 October 1951) is a Jordanian politician that held several ministerial and diplomatic positions, and he was Chief Commissioner of the Aqaba Special Economic Zone Authority before his designation as Prime Minister by King Abdullah II and approval by the House of Representatives on 29 May 2016.Mulki served as Prime Minister until he submitted his resignation on 4 June 2018 after protests had swept the country because of his government's IMF-backed austerity measures that aimed to tackle Jordan's growing public debt.[2] The measures would raise the price of goods and services, as well as hike the tax rate.Born in Amman in 1951, Mulki received a bachelor's degree in production engineering in Egypt in 1974 and pursued his Masters and Doctoral degrees from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.


politics
- Jordanian Prime Minister Hani Mulki resigned on Monday (Jun 3) after a wave of anti-austerity protests by citizens suffering from high unemployment and repeated prices hikes. Mulki was summoned by King Abdullah II after the capital Amman and several other cities were rocked by demonstrations that drew thousands of people. "Prime Minister Hani Mulki submitted his resignation to the king this afternoon during a meeting at the Husseiniyeh Palace and the king accepted the resignation," a government source told AFP. Read more at https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/world/jordan-pm-resigns-after-anti-austerity-protests-10371168

  • Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and the United Arab Emirates pledged $2.5 billion of aid to Jordan on Monday, a joint statement from the Gulf states said, following austerity measures that have sparked massive protests in the country.https://af.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idAFKBN1J705H

castle
- ****karak castle

  • https://www.quora.com/How-did-medieval-castles-fend-off-siege-towers
nabataeans
- [m&p] Nabataeans established an independent state further east with their headquarters in petra (south jordan) and madain saleh (saudi arabia). In 2ndc bc their powerful commercial kingdom stretched deep into the arabian peninsula and flourished by controlling caravan trade which brought chinese and indian spices, perfumes and other luxuries from southern arabia to syria and egypt. They spoke arabic, but their writing was aramaic.  Their culture was superficially hellenic.  The people of present day jordan regard them as their ancestors.



History
- The Emirate of Transjordan (Arabic: إمارة شرق الأردن‎‎ Imārat Sharq al-Urdun), also hyphenated as Trans-Jordan and previously known as Transjordania orTrans-Jordania, was a British protectorateestablished in April 1921. There were many urban settlements beyond the Jordan River, one in Al-Salt city and at that time the largest urban settlement east of the Jordan River. There was also a smallCircassian community in Amman. Transjordan had been a no man's landfollowing the July 1920 Battle of Maysalun, and the British in neighbouringMandatory Palestine chose to avoid "any definite connection between it and Palestine"[4] until a March 1921 conferenceat which it was agreed that Abdullah bin Hussein would administer the territory under the auspices of the British Mandate for Palestine with a fully autonomous governing system. The Hashemite dynasty ruled the protectorate, as well as the neighbouringMandatory Iraq. On 25 May 1946, theEmirate became the "Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan", achieving full independence on 17 June 1946 when in accordance with the Treaty of Londonratifications were exchanged in Amman. In 1949 the country's official name was changed to the "Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan".
- The British Mandate for Palestine, shortlyMandate for Palestine, or the Palestine Mandate was a League of Nations mandate for the territory that had formerly constituted the Ottoman Empire sanjaks ofNablus, Acre, the Southern part of theVilayet of Syria,[1] the Southern portion of the Beirut Vilayet, and the Mutasarrifate of Jerusalem, prior to the Armistice of Mudros. The draft of the Mandate for Palestine was formally confirmed by the Council of theLeague of Nations on 24 July 1922, supplemented via the 16 September 1922Trans-Jordan memorandum[2][3] and then came into effect on 29 September 1923[2]following the ratification of the Treaty of Lausanne.[4][5] The mandate ended at midnight on 14 May 1948. The Palestine Mandate legalized the temporary rule of Palestine by Great Britain. The document was based on the principles contained in Article 22 of the Covenant of the League of Nations and the San Remo Resolution of 25 April 1920, by the principal Allied and associated powers after the First World War. The objective of the League of Nations Mandate system was to administer parts of the defunct Ottoman Empire, which had been in control of the Middle East since the 16th century, "until such time as they are able to stand alone."[6] The approximate northern border with the French Mandate was agreed upon in the Paulet–Newcombe Agreement of 23 December 1920. Transjordan had been a no man's land following the July 1920 Battle of Maysalun. During this period, the British chose to avoid any definite connection with Palestine until a March 1921 conference at which it was agreed that Abdullah bin Hussein would administer the territory under the auspices of the Palestine Mandate. The Trans-Jordan Memorandum annulled the articles regarding the Jewish National Home in the territory east of the Jordan. It also established a separate "Administration of Trans-Jordan" for the application of the Mandate, under the general supervision of Great Britain. On 18 April 1946, Transjordan was formally separated from the Palestine Mandate, with Abdullah remaining the king.


turkey
- Jordan has officially informed Turkey of its intent to completely terminate the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between the two countries after efforts to find a “just” solution for the benefit of both sides reached a deadlock, an official said on Sunday. “After we suspended the deal with Turkey, we held several meetings to find some solutions and we met with Turkish officials as Jordan did not benefit from the deal, but to no avail,” Minister of State, Industry and Supply Yaroub Qudah told The Jordan Times on Sunday. In April, Jordan said it was willing to reactivate the free trade agreement with Turkey, which was suspended in March, if Turkey agrees to meet certain conditions. The terms include the Turkish side’s consent to protection measures Jordan will design to protect local industries, increasing Turkish technical assistance to Jordan as stipulated by the FTA and reconsidering the “strict” rules of origin specifications applied by Turkey. Jordan wanted Ankara to adopt the same relaxed rules of origin Jordan enjoys under a deal signed with the EU. “We presented many suggestions to amend the agreement during our meetings with the Turkish authorities so both countries can benefit from the deal, but nothing happened,” said the minister, adding that intensive meetings were held between Jordanian and Turkish officials to come up with a solution. “The agreement had a negative impact on the Jordanian industries due to the imbalanced competition between Jordanian and Turkish products,” said Qudah. The government’s March decision to suspend the deal was welcomed by industrialists but slammed by traders. http://jordantimes.com/news/local/ankara-officially-informed-about-jordan’s-intent-terminate-fta

israel
- Following recent protests, King Abdullah says Jordan will terminate parts of the treaty that allowed Israeli ownership rights under Jordanian sovereignty in the Naharayim/Baqura area and the Zofar/Al-Ghamr area. Jordan's King Abdullah informed Israel on Sunday he will not renew two annexes of the 1994 peace treaty between Israel and Jordan concerning territory leased to Israel. In a meeting with senior Jordanian officials in his Amman palace, the king said that the Jordanian government relayed an official message to Israel on the matter.Israel leased the land for 25 years upon the signing of the treaty. The deadline for renewing said leases of the treaty is this coming Thursday.King Abdullah has faced ongoing pressure from the Jordanian parliament not to renew the leases, and to return the territory to full Jordanian sovereignty. Eighty-seven lawmakers have also signed a petition on the matter.

  • https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-50367864 The King of Jordan has announced the end of a lease agreement that gave Israelis access to two border enclaves.Under a 1994 peace treaty, Israeli farmers could cultivate land in the Jordanian areas of Naharayim and Tzofar - known as Baqura and Ghamr in Arabic.The lease governing them was for 25 years, but could have been extended.However King Abdullah announced last year that he planned to end the lease - in what was seen as a sign of worsening ties between Jordan and Israel.At the time, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu had said that he still hoped to negotiate an extension to the arrangement.On Sunday, as the lease expired, gates on the border were closed, and AFP reported that Israelis were prevented from entering.One farmer, Eli Arazi, told Reuters his community had been growing crops there for 70 years, and described the end of the lease as "a punch in the face".Last year, 87 Jordanian MPs signed a petition urging an end to the lease.In recent months, there have also been tensions over Israel's detention of two Jordanians, without trial, for several months.Jordan recalled its ambassador, and the two were eventually released on Wednesday.



india
- https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/international/king-of-jordans-india-visit-to-start-today-things-to-look-forward-to/de-radicalisation/slideshow/63094193.cms King of Jordan Abdullah II bin Al-Hussein arrives in India for a three-day visit starting today. He will hold official talks with PM Narendra Modi on Thursday. Defence, security and investments are going to be the key areas of discussion on the bilateral agenda.India is putting in significant diplomatic capital by engaging key Islamic countries on de-radicalisation. Known to be against Islamic extremism, King Abdullah could be of great help to India in counter-terror operations. Although on Kashmir issue, Jordan has held a very neutral position since 1970.


China
- http://www.chinadailyasia.com/nation/2015-09/10/content_15314596.htmlChina and Jordan established a strategic partnership on Wednesday, vowing to deepen cooperation on big projects in areas such as energy and infrastructure.
- 30日，中国长城嘉峪关与约旦佩特拉古城在北京签署协议，正式缔结姊妹世界文化遗产地。中约代表均表示将以此为契机，加强双方在旅游、文化、体育和经济等领域的合作，推动两国文化交流进一步发展。http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20170331/PDF/a19_screen.pdf

- media

  • hkcd 16apr19 media delegation to 肇慶


taiwan
- 台灣“外交部”發言人李憲章28日下午揚言，約旦政府自去年中起受中國外交部門“強力施壓”，要求駐處更名，駐處雖持續爭取維持原名，約旦政府終“不敵中方壓力”，近期請台灣將原本的“‘中華民國’駐約旦商務辦事處”更名為“台北經濟文化辦事處”http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20180429/PDF/a11_screen.pdf

hk
- financial

  • hantec jordan branch ad hkej 1nov18 a13


any relations?
- jordan can be giordania in another language 
  • giordano by jimmy lai

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