royalty
-Prince Idris bin Abdullah al-Senussi (born 18 January 1957) is a member of the Libyan Royal family and a leader of the Sanussiyyah movement.[1] While Libya’s royal family was under house arrest after Gaddafi overthrew their rule, Prince Idris al-Senussi began working on leading the royal family and uniting Libya, as this role was passed onto him by his late father. The position of heir to the throne is also claimed by his cousin Prince Mohammed El Senussi, the son and designated heir of the last Libyan Crown Prince.Prince Idris al-Senussi has called for Libyans of all different factions and tribes to meet, discuss and mutually agree on the future and leadership of Libya, as he supports the unity of Libya. Prince Idris al Senussi has been playing a diplomatic role to help balance the differences between Libya and Africa, the Arab World, Europe, the United States, Latin America and Asia. Prince Idris al-Senussi returned to Libya on 23 December 2011 and stated he was not there to be active in politics or campaigning for the monarchy, but to work towards peace and unity in Libya. He returned to Libya in December 2011 with his cousin, Prince Ahmed Zubair Al-Senussi.
Benghazi /bɛnˈɡɑːzi/ (Arabic: بنغازي Banghāzī) is the second-most populous city in Libya and the largest in Cyrenaica.A port on the Mediterranean Sea in the Kingdom of Libya, Benghazi had joint-capital status alongside Tripoli, possibly because the King and the Senussiroyal family were associated with Cyrenaica rather than Tripolitania. The city was also provisional capital of the National Transitional Council. Benghazi continues to hold institutions and organizations normally associated with a national capital city, such as the country's parliament, national library, and the headquarters of Libyan Airlines, the national airline, and of the National Oil Corporation.
-Prince Idris bin Abdullah al-Senussi (born 18 January 1957) is a member of the Libyan Royal family and a leader of the Sanussiyyah movement.[1] While Libya’s royal family was under house arrest after Gaddafi overthrew their rule, Prince Idris al-Senussi began working on leading the royal family and uniting Libya, as this role was passed onto him by his late father. The position of heir to the throne is also claimed by his cousin Prince Mohammed El Senussi, the son and designated heir of the last Libyan Crown Prince.Prince Idris al-Senussi has called for Libyans of all different factions and tribes to meet, discuss and mutually agree on the future and leadership of Libya, as he supports the unity of Libya. Prince Idris al Senussi has been playing a diplomatic role to help balance the differences between Libya and Africa, the Arab World, Europe, the United States, Latin America and Asia. Prince Idris al-Senussi returned to Libya on 23 December 2011 and stated he was not there to be active in politics or campaigning for the monarchy, but to work towards peace and unity in Libya. He returned to Libya in December 2011 with his cousin, Prince Ahmed Zubair Al-Senussi.
- hkej 15apr19 a13
Benghazi /bɛnˈɡɑːzi/ (Arabic: بنغازي Banghāzī) is the second-most populous city in Libya and the largest in Cyrenaica.A port on the Mediterranean Sea in the Kingdom of Libya, Benghazi had joint-capital status alongside Tripoli, possibly because the King and the Senussiroyal family were associated with Cyrenaica rather than Tripolitania. The city was also provisional capital of the National Transitional Council. Benghazi continues to hold institutions and organizations normally associated with a national capital city, such as the country's parliament, national library, and the headquarters of Libyan Airlines, the national airline, and of the National Oil Corporation.
- ghost town built by chinese, deserted because of lack of water
- ????? scmp 19feb19 teletubbies fly libyan flag during celebration of 8th anniversary of revolution in benghazi
- ????? scmp 19feb19 teletubbies fly libyan flag during celebration of 8th anniversary of revolution in benghazi
蘇特 Sirte (/ˈsɜːrt/; Arabic: سرت, Italian:Sirti; from Ancient Greek: Σύρτις), also spelled Sirt, Surt, Sert or Syrte, is a city in Libya. It is located south of the Gulf of Sirte, between Tripoli and Benghazi. It is famously known for its battles, ethnic groups, and loyalty to Muammar Gaddafi. Also due to its development, it was the capital of Libya as Tripoli's successor after the Fall of Tripoli from 1 September 2011 to 20 October 2011. The settlement was established in the early 20th century by the Italians, at the site of a 19th-century fortress built by the Ottomans. It grew into a city after World War II.As the birthplace of Muammar Gaddafi, Sirte was favoured by the Gaddafi government.[citation needed] The city was the final major stronghold of Gaddafi loyalists in the Libyan Civil War and Gaddafi was killed there by rebel forces on 20 October 2011.Sirte is built near the site of the ancient Phoenician city of Macomedes-Euphranta,[4] which was an important link on the road along the Mediterranean Sea littoral. It is the last confirmed place where the Punic language was spoken, in the 5th century CE. The region had no recognized administrative centre and was infested for centuries by bandits. In Classical times, the coast was "proverbially dangerous to shipping",[5] called "inhospita Syrtis" in Virgil's Aeneid.[6] John Milton's Paradise Lost Book 2 lines 939-940 speaks of "a boggy Syrtis, neither sea/Nor good dry land".In 1842 the Ottomans built a fortress at Marsat al Zaafran ("saffron harbour") which became known as Qasr al Zaafran ("saffron castle"), and later as Qasr Sert. The fortress was built under sultan Abdülmecid I as part of the restoration of Ottoman control over Tripolitania after the fall of the Karamanli dynasty. It was around this fortification, which was taken over and repaired by the Italians in 1912, that the settlement of Sirte grew up.Sirte served as an administrative centre under Italian rule.[8] During the North African Campaign of the Second World War there were no noteworthy events in this location, which was characterised at the time as "a shabby little Arab village of mud huts, clustered on the banks of a foul-smelling stream."The village grew into a prominent town after the Second World War for two reasons – the discovery and exploitation of oil nearby and the birth of Muammar Gaddafi in 1942 in a tent at Qasr Abu Hadi, some 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Sirte. He was sent to the primary school at Sirte at the age of ten
Company
- energy
- The National Oil Corporation (NOC; Arabic: المؤسسة الوطنية للنفط) is the national oil company of Libya. It dominates Libya's oil industry, along with a number of smaller subsidiaries, which combined account for around 70% the country's oil output.[1] Of NOC's subsidiaries, the largest oil producer is the Waha Oil Company (WOC), followed by the Arabian Gulf Oil Company (Agoco), Zueitina Oil Company (ZOC), and Sirte Oil Company (SOC).
- Mohamed Taher Siala (Arabic: محمد طاهر سيالة) is a Libyan politician who currently serves as the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Libya in the Government of National Accord.Siala was one of the eighteen ministers appointed as part of the internationally-recognized Government of National Accord, in January-February 2016, with the objective of reuniting Libya.[1] Before that he was an official in the pre-2011 government of Libya. He met with Jens Stoltenberg, the Secretary General of NATO, in June 2016 in Brussels, where they discussed the security situation in Libya and possible military assistance to the GNA.[3] He also met with Federica Mogherini, the European Union's head of foreign affairs, and Didier Reynders, the minister of foreign affairs of Belgium. They discussed issues of security, human trafficking in Libya, and the appointment of a new Libyan ambassador to the EU. In March 2017, he accompanied the GNA vice premier, Ahmed Maiteeq, to a meeting in Moscow with the Special Representative of the President of Russia for the Middle East and Africa, Mikhail Bogdanov. There they discussed the ongoing Libyan crisis and solutions for resolving the conflict, including the possibility of negotiations between the GNA and the Tobruk-based Council of Deputies.
- 據新華社報道，利比亞民族團結政府外長西亞拉前日表示，希望中國企業返回利比亞完成自2011年以來停工的項目。西亞拉當天會見了在的黎波里進行工作訪問的中國駐利比亞使館臨時代辦王奇敏。會見結束後，西亞拉接受採訪時表示，希望中國駐利比亞使館和中國企業返回利比亞。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2018/02/22/a13-0222.pdf
politics
- 利比亞國防軍（LNA）領袖兼軍閥赫夫特爾前日宣布，將於今日起停火，以結束多年內戰。但是獲聯合國承認的民族團結政府（GNA）大潑冷水，同日向東部大舉進攻，試圖從赫夫特爾手上收復戰略城市蘇爾特。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20200608/00180_014.html
- https://www.ft.com/content/f204d916-b550-11e9-8cb2-799a3a8cf37b Migrants trapped in Libyan detention centres where many have been subjected to abuse would be evacuated to Rwanda under an emergency plan being discussed with international humanitarian agencies and the EU. The proposal is part of an increasingly urgent effort to relocate thousands of migrants from Libya after a July air strike by forces opposed to the internationally recognised government in Tripoli killed dozens of people in a detention centre in the capital. The Rwandan initiative stems from President Paul Kagame’s offer in late 2017 to accept up to 30,000 African migrants from Libya over several years, although it will initially involve a much smaller number of people. The EU is facing growing criticism over the plight of migrants as conflict worsens in Libya. The EU-trained Libyan coastguard has been instrumental in stopping people making the journey across the Mediterranean to Europe, but rescued migrants are then sent to detention centres. Human rights groups have documented multiple cases of rape, torture and other crimes at the facilities, some of which are run by militias.
history
- United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973, on the situation in Libya, is a measure that was adopted on 17 March 2011. The Security Council resolution was proposed by France, Lebanon, and the United Kingdom. Ten Security Council members voted in the affirmative (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Colombia, Gabon, Lebanon, Nigeria, Portugal, South Africa, and permanent members France, the United Kingdom, and the United States). Five (Brazil, Germany, and India, and permanent members China and Russia) abstained, with none opposed. The resolution formed the legal basis for military intervention in the Libyan Civil War, demanding "an immediate ceasefire" and authorizing the international community to establish a no-fly zone and to use all means necessary short of foreign occupation to protect civilians.
Usa
- On 5 April 1986, three people were killed and around 230 injured when La Bellediscothèque was bombed in West Berlin. The entertainment venue was commonly frequented by United States soldiers, and two of the dead and 79 of the injured were American servicemen. A bomb placed under a table near the disc jockey's booth exploded at 01:45 CET, instantly killing Nermin Hannay, a Turkish woman, and US Army sergeant Kenneth T. Ford. A second US Army sergeant, James E. Goins, died from his injuries two months later. Some of the victims were left permanently disabled due to the injuries caused by the explosion. Libya was accused by the US government of sponsoring the bombing, and US President Ronald Reagan ordered retaliatory strikes on Tripoli and Benghazi in Libya ten days later.
- 根據上述電郵記錄，希拉里出任美國國務卿期間，經常收到私人顧問Sidney Blumenthal關於利比亞局勢的情報。在其中一封郵件，Blumenthal指卡達菲政府擁有143噸黃金、和近似數量的白銀，「意在於建立一個泛非洲貨幣體系」，這體系將以利比亞國家貨幣第納爾（Dinar）和利比亞黃金儲備為基礎，希望取代現有「歐元霸權」，並認為破壞卡達菲的貨幣計劃，是時任法國總統薩科齊強勢介入利比亞的重要因素。至於這有多少影響了美國的政策，則不得而知。https://simonshen.blog/2016/02/26/利比亞悲劇：非洲元陰謀論/
russia
- russia and libya relationship and why russia does not want syria to be the next libya hkej 27apr18
- 利比亞的形勢最近有變，俄羅斯近月支持東部軍閥（代表一四年選舉獲勝的國會）與西部在一五年成立的國家團結政府對抗，前者更得到埃及支持，且現在為境內最大的軍事勢力。近年美國已放棄利比亞，歐洲國家只是要求利比亞各方少送難民北上。在這個軍閥混戰中，若俄羅斯可幫助一方或拉攏各方重建中央政權，將是北非重建的起步。美國撤退，俄羅斯進入。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20181016/00184_001.html
- https://www.libyaobserver.ly/news/russia-denies-presence-mercenaries-fighting-haftar-libya%C2%A0
france
- 法國前總統薩爾科齊被指收受利比亞已故前總統卡達菲五千萬歐元（約四億九千萬港元），作為二○○七年選總統的競選經費。他涉嫌違反收取外國資金及競選經費申報規例，周二被警方扣留接受調查，薩爾科齊及其前幕僚長否認指控。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20180321/00180_018.html
germany
- The insular world of UN politics has spawned another spat, this one linking the continuing
protests in Hong Kong to Libya’s protracted civil conflict with Germany caught in the middle.
German Foreign Minister Heiko Maas’s decision to hold a meeting with Hong Kong democracy activist Joshua Wong is reverberating through the United Nations’ hallways, where China appears to have retaliated by denying Berlin credit for its central role in mediation efforts in Libya.
In an only-at-the-UN moment, the words “Berlin process” were unexpectedly chopped from the text of a Security Council statement on Libya early this month at China’s insistence, diplomats said.
While the document flagged contributions from the African Union, the League of Arab States and the
European Union to help end the conflict, there was no mention of Germany, a key mediator. https://www.scmp.com/news/world/europe/article/3042128/germany-caught-middle-hong-kong-protests-linked-libya-war-un-spat
turkey
- 土耳其國會周四以三百廿五票對一百八十四票，大比數通過授權政府出兵利比亞，令利比亞局勢升溫。美國總統特朗普同日晚即與土耳其總統埃爾多安通電，表示外國干預令利比亞局勢複雜化；俄羅斯、埃及亦發聲明表達憂慮。利比亞國民軍隨即於Twitter呼籲民眾武裝自己，抵禦土軍、保護祖國。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20200104/00180_005.html
egypt
- 埃及總統西西前日到接壤利比亞邊境附近的一個軍營視察時，宣稱埃及有合法介入利比亞內戰的權利，並下令軍隊準備好有需要時在國外執行任何任務。他又指，可為利比亞提供訓練和武器打擊恐怖主義民兵；阿聯酋及沙特阿拉伯歡迎西西的主張。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20200622/00180_016.html
korea
- https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/world/seoul-warship-kidnapped-philippines-south-korea-libya-10583000 Seoul said Thursday (Aug 2) it had deployed a warship to Libya in an apparent show of force to secure the release of a South Korean national kidnapped along with three Filipinos in the North African country. The 4,000-tonne vessel, Munmu the Great, which takes part in anti-piracy operations in the Gulf of Aden, was now on its way to Libya, officials said. In addition to "carrying out its duty of protecting commercial vessels, (the warship) is also preparing for all possibilities including the need for military support", a defence ministry spokesman said, without elaborating further. The three Filipino engineers and a South Korean were abducted in an attack on a water project site in western Libya on Jul 6. Read more at https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/world/seoul-warship-kidnapped-philippines-south-korea-libya-10583000
China
korea
- https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/world/seoul-warship-kidnapped-philippines-south-korea-libya-10583000 Seoul said Thursday (Aug 2) it had deployed a warship to Libya in an apparent show of force to secure the release of a South Korean national kidnapped along with three Filipinos in the North African country. The 4,000-tonne vessel, Munmu the Great, which takes part in anti-piracy operations in the Gulf of Aden, was now on its way to Libya, officials said. In addition to "carrying out its duty of protecting commercial vessels, (the warship) is also preparing for all possibilities including the need for military support", a defence ministry spokesman said, without elaborating further. The three Filipino engineers and a South Korean were abducted in an attack on a water project site in western Libya on Jul 6. Read more at https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/world/seoul-warship-kidnapped-philippines-south-korea-libya-10583000
China
- AFP reported on Monday that UN experts are investigating missile strikes near Libya's capital, Tripoli, that were likely fired by Chinese-made drones and point to possible involvement by the United Arab Emirates in Libya. The report said a UN panel of experts filed a report to the Security Council in which it had examined photographs of missile debris and had identified the weapon as a Blue Arrow air-to-surface missile, which has not been used in Libya before. The attack on April 19-20 on the southern suburbs of Tripoli was carried out by forces loyal to Khalifa Haftar. "That missile is only in use in three countries -- China, Kazakhstan and the United Arab Emirates -- and is paired with the Chinese-made Wing Loong drone." AFP explained.https://www.libyaobserver.ly/news/un-probing-uaes-role-providing-haftar-drones-missiles-tripoli-airstrikes?qt-sidebar_tabs=1
- Investor from China- http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/business/2014-10/13/content_18729552.htm The director of international business at Zhong Taiheng InvestmentHoldings Group admits that the company, a late comer to projectcontracting in Africa, is still very much "borrowing the boat to go out tosea". But after a difficult start to its business in Africa, that approachappears to be paying off. In 2009, one of the subsidiaries of Zhong Taiheng, Zhongtai ConstructionGroup, won a contract to build 1,500 houses in Libya in partnership withChina Gezhouba Group Corp.
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