uruguay

etymology
- ************正式名称はスペイン語で、República Oriental del Uruguay（レプブリカ・オリエンタル・デル・ウルグァイ）。通称、Uruguay [uɾuˈɣwai̯] ( 音声ファイル)（ウルグァイ）。英語の公式表記は、Oriental Republic of Uruguay（オリエンタル・リパブリック・オヴ・ウラグアイ（ユラグアイ））。通称、Uruguay [ˈjʊərəɡwaɪ]。日本語の表記は、ウルグアイ東方共和国。通常、ウルグアイと表記され、ウルグァイとされることもある。漢字表記は宇柳貝または宇柳具となる。国名は西部を流れるウルグアイ川に由来し、その原義はグアラニー語で「uru（ウルという鳥の）gua（飛ぶ）y（川）」とされる。正式国名の「東方」は同川東岸地域をかつてバンダ・オリエンタル（東方州）と呼んだことに由来する。
- La Provincia Oriental del Río de la Plata, Banda Oriental del Uruguay, Gobernación Intendencia Oriental del Río de la Plata, o simplemente Provincia Oriental, fue la denominación dada a partir de 1813, a instancias de José Gervasio Artigas, a la nueva autonomía de la Banda Oriental, como parte de las Provincias Unidas del Río de la Plata.Entre 1817 y 1825 la provincia fue ocupada totalmente por el Imperio de Brasil, que la denominó Provincia Cisplatina. Ese último año se produjo el desembarco de los Treinta y Tres Orientales, que recuperaron el control de la mayor parte de la provincia con el objetivo de reincorporarla al resto de las Provincias Unidas. No obstante, la oposición brasileña y las presiones inglesas dieron como resultado la conformación del independiente Estado Oriental del Uruguay.

government
- The Central Bank of the Uruguay (BCU) (Spanish: Banco Central del Uruguay) is the central bank of the Uruguay. The Central Bank of the Uruguay was established on July 6, 1967 as an autonomous state entity (Spanish: Ente Autónomo), with the passing of the 196th article of the República Oriental del Uruguay's Constitution. Prior to the creation of the BCU, the issuing of currency and managing and supervising of the banking system was handled by the department of the Banco de la República Oriental del Uruguay. On March 30, 1995 a bank charter was passed (Law 16696), which expanded the BCUs responsibilities and set out the management structure as well as the functions and responsibilities of the bank. 

The General Assembly of Uruguay (Asamblea General) has two chambers.

• the Chamber of Deputies (Cámara de Diputados) has 99 members, elected for a five-year term by proportional representation.
• the Chamber of Senators (Cámara de Senadores) has 31 members, 30 members elected for a five-year term by proportional representation and the Vice-president.

Valle Edén is a hamlet in the valley of the same name in Tacuarembó Department, Uruguay.The hamlet includes a train station, a police station, a school (Escuela 23) and a museum, the Museo Carlos Gardel dedicated to Carlos Gardel, the famous tango singer, songwriter and actor.^[1] Uruguayans claim that Gardel was born here.^[2][3] Scholarly consensus is that Gardel was born in Toulouse, France.

La Provincia Oriental del Río de la Plata, Banda Oriental del Uruguay, Gobernación Intendencia Oriental del Río de la Plata, o simplemente Provincia Oriental, fue la denominación dada a partir de 1813, a instancias de José Gervasio Artigas, a la nueva autonomía de la Banda Oriental, como parte de las Provincias Unidas del Río de la Plata. Entre 1817 y 1825 la provincia fue ocupada totalmente por el Imperio de Brasil, que la denominó Provincia Cisplatina. Ese último año se produjo el desembarco de los Treinta y Tres Orientales, que recuperaron el control de la mayor parte de la provincia con el objetivo de reincorporarla al resto de las Provincias Unidas. No obstante, la oposición brasileña y las presiones inglesas dieron como resultado la conformación del independiente Estado Oriental del Uruguay.東方州（とうほうしゅう、西: Provincia Oriental）はホセ・ヘルバシオ・アルティガスがバンダ・オリエンタルを占領した時に新たに行政組織として再編した州である。現在のウルグアイの領域とほぼ同一であり、連邦同盟の主要な州だった。1815年にはアルティガスの支配地でラテン・アメリカ初の土地改革が行われた。1816年にポルトガル軍の侵攻により占領され、1820年にアルティガスが敗北した後1821年にはシスプラチナ州としてポルトガルに、後にはブラジル帝国の一部に組み込まれた。アルティガスの副官だったアントニオ・ラバジェハ将軍はブラジル帝国に占領された祖国を解放するためにブエノスアイレスで雌伏し、1825年、33人の東方人を率いて シスプラチナ州と改称されていたバンダ・オリエンタルに上陸し「独立か死か」と書かれた33人の東方人の旗を掲げてブラジル相手に二度目の独立戦争を開始した。ラバジェハ率いる東方人は、東方州とアルゼンチンとの合併を求めていたが、1828年、ラ・プラタ川の両岸をアルゼンチンが保有することを恐れたイギリスの仲介により、モンテビデオ条約が結ばれ、東方州はウルグアイ東方共和国としての独立が決まった。このことはブラジル皇帝ドン・ペドロI世の失脚の原因ともなった。

people
- Luis Alberto Lacalle de Herrera, GCMG (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈlwis alˈβeɾto laˈkaʎe ðe eˈreɾa]) (born July 13, 1941), is a Uruguayan lawyer and politician who served as President of Uruguay from 1990 to 1995.His mother, María Hortensia de Herrera de Lacalle, was the daughter of the Blanco political leader Luis Alberto de Herrera, after whom Lacalle was named. Luis Alberto Lacalle joined the National Party at the age of 17. In 1961 he started working as a journalist for Clarín and he graduated from the University of the Republic's law school in 1964. In 1971, he was elected deputy for Montevideo and kept his seat until the 1973 coup, when President Juan María Bordaberry dissolved parliament.

• Luis Alberto Alejandro Aparicio Lacalle Pou (born 11 August 1973 in Montevideo) is a Uruguayan lawyer, politician and current presidential candidate for the National Party in the 2019 Uruguayan General Election. He is the son of former President of Uruguay, Luis Alberto Lacalle and of Julia Pou. He is married to Lorena Ponce de León and together they have three children: Luis Alberto, Violeta and Manuel.His primary and secondary education was completed at The British Schools of Montevideo, and in 1998, he received his law degree from the Catholic University of Uruguay.

marijuana
- http://www.scmp.com/news/world/americas/article/2101798/uruguays-grand-plan-legalise-marijuana-involves-vast-government Uruguay is the world’s first country to fully legalise the production, sale and consumption of marijuana. But under its strict rules, there will be no Amsterdam-style smoking cafes, and foreigners won’t have access to the national stash.Nor will there be shops selling ganja candies, psychedelic pastries or any of the other edible derivatives offered in pot-permissive US states such as Colorado and Washington, where entrepreneurial capitalism fertilises the US’s incipient marijuana industry. Instead, Uruguay’s government has developed a legalisation model with an apparent goal of making marijuana use as boring as possible. A vast regulatory bureaucracy will determine everything from the genetic makeup of the plants to the percentage of psychoactive compounds in their flowers.

festival
- Uruguayan Carnival is a festival that takes place every year in Uruguay from mid January to late February. It is related to candombe, Murga and tablados. It has evolved into a dance parade in which different comparsas play the drums and dance to the music at "Desfile Innaugural del Carnaval" and Llamadas parade. The biggest carnival celebrations are in the capital Montevideo and can last up to 40 days and it involves a series of cultural events such as dance parades in the streets, street stages called "tablados" and an artistic contest in the "Teatro de Verano" (Summer Theatre) in Montevideo.^[1] Carnival in Montevideo is very different from carnival celebrations in Rio de Janeiro in Brazil.The background of the Uruguayan Carnival comes from Europe, where in different contexts (the celebration of the harvest or a religious festival) it served as a space for meeting people and creating a space for individual and collective freedom. Already, on Uruguayan soil, in colonial times, on the days of Carnival, Christmas, and New Year, Montevideans (black slaves) were covered with bright and gaudy robes and went outside to the city walls. They were allowed to sing their songs and perform dances. Some common practices of carnival in Europe, bran and flour shed, shed water syringes, throwing eggs, oranges, or other objects were imported into Uruguay. The importance of some of these practices by the first inhabitants of the city of Montevideo led to the carnival celebrations. According to Juan Carlos pattern, it is possible that in 1860, when two sources called "Wells of the King", the "van guerrillas" were disseminated and conform the first carnival practices were built.

• the other alternative language version is croatian

france

- people

• Comte de Lautréamont (French: [lotʁeamɔ̃]) was the nom de plume of Isidore Lucien Ducasse (4 April 1846 – 24 November 1870), a French poet born in Uruguay. His only works, Les Chants de Maldoror^[1] and Poésies, had a major influence on modern arts and literature, particularly on the Surrealists and the Situationists. Ducasse died at the age of 24.Ducasse was born in Montevideo, Uruguay, to François Ducasse, a French consular officer, and his wife Jacquette-Célestine Davezac. 
• Les Chants de Maldoror (The Songs of Maldoror) is a French poetic novel, or a long prose poem.Over the course of the narrative, there is often a first-person narrator, although some areas of the work instead employ a third-person narrative. The book's central character is Maldoror, a figure of evil who is sometimes directly involved in a chapter's events, or else revealed to be watching at a distance. Depending on the context of narrative voice in a given place, the first-person narrator may be taken to be Maldoror himself, or sometimes not. 

finland
- https://www.reuters.com/article/us-upm-kymmene-oyj-results/finlands-upm-to-press-on-with-3-billion-uruguay-pulp-plant-idUSKCN1UI0QO Finnish pulp and paper maker UPM (UPM.HE) said on Tuesday it will build a pulp plant in Uruguay and invest around $3 billion in the project.UPM’s plans in the region — home to several wood pulp plants thanks to a beneficial climate for eucalyptus trees — are part of its shift from a declining print paper market to pulp, which is expected to grow due to rising demand for tissue and packaging board.

China
- diplomatic ties

• Uruguay used to have bilateral relations with the Republic of China; these were broken up when the People's Republic of China established diplomatic relations with Uruguay in 1988.

- fta

• http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2016-10/19/content_27103036.htmChina and Uruguay have agreed to hold consultations on starting joint feasibility studies of a bilateral free trade agreement, diplomats confirmed.

- bus

• http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/201903/18/WS5c8eef6aa3106c65c34ef172.html In southern Uruguay's Canelones department, or province/state, a leading transport company is relying on Chinese technology to renovate and upgrade its bus fleet. With the help of Chinese bus manufacturer Yutong and its hybrid vehicles, the Pando Omnibus Company SA, which is known as Copsa, is looking to modernize its service.

- uruguayan investors

• http://europe.chinadaily.com.cn/business/2016-10/18/content_27091884.htm Uruguayan firm Conaprole, the largest exporter of dairy products in South America, will achieve an export value of about $55 million this year in China as it benefits from the huge market and the nation's two-child policy, its senior executives said.

taiwan

- 台灣的外交部昨日表示，烏拉圭政府周一起正式給予台灣免簽。台灣居民可憑台灣護照免簽入境烏拉圭，並可停留九十日。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20181101/00178_021.html