- ministry of tourism
- National office of the Tunisian Tourism (ONTT)
Carthage (/ˈkɑːrθɪdʒ/, from Latin: Carthago; Phoenician: Qart-ḥadašt ("New city")) was the center or capital city of the ancient Carthaginian civilization, on the eastern side of the Lake of Tunis in what is now the Tunis Governorate in Tunisia.The city developed from a Phoeniciancolony into the capital of an empire dominating the Mediterranean during the first millennium BC.[1] The legendary Queen Dido is regarded as the founder of the city, though her historicity has been questioned. According to accounts by Timaeus of Tauromenium, she purchased from a local tribe the amount of land that could be covered by an oxhide. Cutting the skin into strips, she laid out her claim and founded an empire that would become, through the Punic Wars, the only existential threat to the Roman Empire until the coming of the Vandals several centuries later. The ancient city was destroyed by the Roman Republic in the Third Punic War in 146 BC then re-developed as Roman Carthage, which became the major city of the Roman Empire in the province of Africa. The Roman city was again occupied by the Muslim conquest of the Maghreb in 698. The site remained uninhabited, the regional power shifting to the Medina of Tunis in the medieval period, until the early 20th century, when it began to develop into a coastal suburb of Tunis, incorporated as Carthage municipality in 1919.
- Hannibal Barca (/ˈhænɪbəl/; 247 – between 183 and 181 BC)[n 1] was a general and statesman from Ancient Carthage who is widely considered one of the greatest military commanders in history. His father, Hamilcar Barca, was a leading Carthaginian commander during the First Punic War (264–241 BC). His younger brothers were Mago and Hasdrubal, and he was brother-in-law to Hasdrubal the Fair, all also commanded Carthaginian armies.
- https://www.quora.com/What-did-Hannibal-think-of-the-Romans
- Dido and Aeneas (Z. 626) is an opera in a prologue and three acts, written by the English Baroque composer Henry Purcell with a libretto by Nahum Tate. The dates of the composition and first performance of the opera are uncertain. It was composed no later than July 1688,[2] and had been performed at Josias Priest's girls' school in London by the end of 1689.[3] Some scholars argue for a date of composition as early as 1683.[4][5] The story is based on Book IV of Virgil's Aeneid.[6] It recounts the love of Dido, Queen of Carthage, for the Trojan hero Aeneas, and her despair when he abandons her.
- https://www.quora.com/In-what-ways-were-the-Carthaginians-better-than-the-Romans The Carthaginians had a better fleet, better sailors, the geography of their voyages was much wider, and they made much more discoveries. They were a maritime power like the Phoenician and the Cretan before. They declared the Western Mediterranean their own and captured every foreign ship to the west of Sardinia. They introduced the Anaconda plan and destroyed the civilization of Tartessos. Certainly, the Carthaginians were much better in trade and finances. They dominated in the Mediterranean trade. The third but not least was agriculture. The agricultural tractate of Mago in 28 books was translated into Latin by an order of the Roman Senate.
- https://www.quora.com/What-people-inhabited-Carthage-after-the-Roman-genocide-of-its-people
********** 東島 Chergui (Arabic: شرقي) is the largest of the Kerkennah Islands off the north coast of Tunisia. The name means "Easterner" in Arabic. The main town is Remla. The island has an area of 110 km2. The second largest island of the group, Gharbi, means "Westerner" in Arabic.
- brandname of fragrance
Nabeul was founded in the 5th century BC by the Greeks of Cyrene, serving as a trade port. Its name is a tunisification of the Greek Neapolis 'new city' (an etymology it shares with Naples, Neapoli, and Nablus).During antiquity Nabeul was also the seat of an ancient Christian Bishopric[1] The Bishopric was founded during the Roman Empire and survived through the arianVandal and Orthodox Byzantine empires, only ceasing to function with the Muslim conquest of the Maghreb. The diocese was re founded in name at least in the 20th century as a titular see of the Roman Catholic church.
西迪布赛义德Sidi Bou Said (Arabic: سيدي بو سعيد
Sīdi Bū Sɛīd) a town in northern Tunisia located about 20 km from the capital, Tunis. Named for a religious figure who lived there, Abou Said ibn Khalef ibn Yahia Al-Tamimi Al-Baji (previously it was called Jabal el-Menar). In the 12th century/13th century AD Abu Said Ibn Khalaf Yahya al-Tamimi al-Beji arrived in the village of Jabal el-Menar and established a sanctuary. After his death in 1231, he was buried there. In the 18th century Turkish governors of Tunis and wealthy citizens of the latter built residences in Sidi Bou Said.Association
- L'Institut de recherche sur le Maghreb contemporain (IRMC) est l'un des 27 instituts français de recherche à l'étranger (IFRE) dépendant du ministère français des affaires étrangères et européennes (MAEE) et une unité mixte (USR 3077) du Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS). Il est situé dans le quartier de Mutuelleville à Tunis. Fondé en 1992, l'institut a vocation à contribuer au renouvellement de la recherche française en sciences humaines et sociales sur le Maghreb en collaboration avec les universitaires et chercheurs maghrébins.
Industry
- olive oil
- http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/05acfeae-4001-11e5-b98b-87c7270955cf.html In a year when terror attacks aimed at Tunisia’s vital tourist industry have dashed the country’s hopes of economic recovery, record olive oil exports are providing a much needed bright spot.
trade and investment environment
- http://pakobserver.net/tunisia-launches-new-investment-law/ The Head of the National Unity Government in Tunisia, Youssef Chahed, announced on Saturday a new law of investment, which aims to boost the country’s economy
people
- Ahmed I (Arabic: أبو العباس أحمد باشا باي), born 2 December 1805 in Tunis[1] died May 1855 at La Goulette,[2] was the tenth Husainid Bey of Tunis, ruling from 1837 until his death.[1] He was responsible for the abolition of slavery in Tunisia in 1846. He succeeded his father Mustafa Bey on 10 October 1837. He had grand ambitions - to expand his army and create a modern navy; to build a new royal residence, a mint and modern institutions of education but neither he nor his brother-in-law the young Mustapha Khaznadar who served as his finance minister, had a clear idea of what such initiatives would cost. As a result, many of his projects became expensive failures which damaged the financial health of the country.
pronunciation (help·info); born 29 November 1926) is a Tunisian politician who has been the fifth President of Tunisia since December 2014. Previously he served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1981 to 1986 and as Prime Minister from February 2011 to December 2011.
Essebsi is the founder of the Nidaa Tounes political party, which won a plurality in the 2014 parliamentary election. In December 2014, he won the first regular presidential election following the Tunisian Revolution, becoming Tunisia's first freely and directly elected president. Born in Sidi Bou Said to a family from the Tunisian landed élite, he is a great-grandson of Ismail Caïd Essebsi, a Sardinian kidnapped by Tunisian corsairs along the coasts of Sardinia at the beginning of the nineteenth century who became a mamluk leader raised with the ruling family after converting to Islam. He was later recognized as a free man when he became an important member of the government.Essebsi married Chadlia Saïda Farhat on February 8, 1958.[6] The couple have four children: two daughters, Amel and Salwa, and two sons, Mohamed Hafedh and Khélil. Essebsi is currently 92 years old and is the third-oldest current head of state after Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom and Tun Mahathir Mohamad of Malaysia. On 27 June 2019, he rushed to hospital in critical condition.
- Zine El Abidine Ben Ali (Arabic: زين العابدين بن علي, Zayn al-'Ābidīn bin 'Alī; 3 September 1936 – 19 September 2019), commonly known as Ben Ali, was a Tunisian politician and President of Tunisia from 1987 until his fall in 2011. Before, Ben Ali was appointed Prime Minister in October 1987, and he assumed the Presidency on 7 November 1987 in a bloodless coup d'état that ousted President Habib Bourguiba, who was declared incompetent.[2] Ben Ali was subsequently reelected with enormous majorities, each time exceeding 90% of the vote; the final re-election was on 25 October 2009. On 14 January 2011, following a month of protests against his rule, he was forced to flee to Saudi Arabia along with his wife Leïla Ben Ali and their three children. The interim Tunisian government asked Interpol to issue an international arrest warrant, charging him for money laundering and drug trafficking. A Tunisian court sentenced Ben Ali and his wife in absentia to 35 years in prison on 20 June 2011 on charges of theft and unlawful possession of cash and jewellery.[4][5] In June 2012, a Tunisian court sentenced him in absentia to life imprisonment for inciting violence and murder and another life sentence by a military court on April 2013 for violent repression of protests in Sfax.
- Nabil Karoui, (born 1 August 1963) is a Tunisian businessman and politician. One of the key figures in the Tunisian media landscape, Karoui is CEO of Karoui & Karoui World and owner of the Tunisian television station Nessma. Karoui is currently running as a candidate in the 2019 Tunisian presidential election.Karoui began his career in marketing and sales at several multinational corporations. After working sales in Southern France for Colgate-Palmolive, he joined the sales and marketing team at Henkel.[1] While there, he was approached by a recruiter to join the growing North Africa division of Canal+ Group, where he served for two years. Iِِn 1996, with his borther Ghazi, he founded his own communications agency KNRG.[2] This was followed in 2002 with the brothers founding Public relations firm Karoui & Karoui World. The firm quickly grew, with offices across the Middle East and North Africa. In parallel with his international public relations work, Karoui expanded his domestic business, creating subsidiaries around audiovisual production, digital media, urban advertising and a record label.[4] In 2009, he became head of the company's television company, Nessma. As a supporter of the Arab Maghreb Union, Karoui wanted to use the television channel to demonstrate the feasability of a Pan-Maghreb movement by focusing on cultural similarities. This involved a focus on Music of the Maghreb and the broadcast of a local version of Star Academy.
politics
- economist 6oct18 "a 3rd sheikh emerges" the ruling duo that kept tunisia stable has parted ways
gender
- https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tunisia-women/tunisian-president-proposes-inheritance-equality-for-women-with-exceptions-idUSKBN1KY1GE
- http://pakobserver.net/tunisia-launches-new-investment-law/ The Head of the National Unity Government in Tunisia, Youssef Chahed, announced on Saturday a new law of investment, which aims to boost the country’s economy
people
- Ahmed I (Arabic: أبو العباس أحمد باشا باي), born 2 December 1805 in Tunis[1] died May 1855 at La Goulette,[2] was the tenth Husainid Bey of Tunis, ruling from 1837 until his death.[1] He was responsible for the abolition of slavery in Tunisia in 1846. He succeeded his father Mustafa Bey on 10 October 1837. He had grand ambitions - to expand his army and create a modern navy; to build a new royal residence, a mint and modern institutions of education but neither he nor his brother-in-law the young Mustapha Khaznadar who served as his finance minister, had a clear idea of what such initiatives would cost. As a result, many of his projects became expensive failures which damaged the financial health of the country.
- france
- Mohamed Beji Caid Essebsi (or es-Sebsi; Arabic: محمد الباجي قائد السبسي, romanized: Muhammad al-Bājī Qā’id as-Sibsī,
- Under a treaty with France signed in 1830 by Hussein Bey, a piece of land in Carthage had been ceded to allow the erection of a monument to Louis IX of France who had died there during the Eighth Crusade. On 25 August 1840 the first stone was laid in the cathedral of Carthage. Ahmad Bey also permitted the Christian community of Tunis, consisting mainly of European merchants, to enlarge their small church near the Bab el Bhar. In June and July 1846 the Duke of Montpensier, son of King Louis Philippe of France visited Tunis and Carthage.[9] He was received with great solemnity by Ahmad Bey.[9] During this visit the idea of a reciprocal visit of the Bey to France was proposed. This visit was organised by his advisor Giuseppe Raffo (whose sister was married to his uncle) and the French consul, and took place in November 1846.[10] King Louis Philippe received Ahmad Bey with great ceremony.[11] This visit confirmed the Bey's wish to modernise his country by learning from Europe.
pronunciation (help·info); born 29 November 1926) is a Tunisian politician who has been the fifth President of Tunisia since December 2014. Previously he served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1981 to 1986 and as Prime Minister from February 2011 to December 2011.Essebsi is the founder of the Nidaa Tounes political party, which won a plurality in the 2014 parliamentary election. In December 2014, he won the first regular presidential election following the Tunisian Revolution, becoming Tunisia's first freely and directly elected president. Born in Sidi Bou Said to a family from the Tunisian landed élite, he is a great-grandson of Ismail Caïd Essebsi, a Sardinian kidnapped by Tunisian corsairs along the coasts of Sardinia at the beginning of the nineteenth century who became a mamluk leader raised with the ruling family after converting to Islam. He was later recognized as a free man when he became an important member of the government.Essebsi married Chadlia Saïda Farhat on February 8, 1958.[6] The couple have four children: two daughters, Amel and Salwa, and two sons, Mohamed Hafedh and Khélil. Essebsi is currently 92 years old and is the third-oldest current head of state after Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom and Tun Mahathir Mohamad of Malaysia. On 27 June 2019, he rushed to hospital in critical condition.
- Zine El Abidine Ben Ali (Arabic: زين العابدين بن علي, Zayn al-'Ābidīn bin 'Alī; 3 September 1936 – 19 September 2019), commonly known as Ben Ali, was a Tunisian politician and President of Tunisia from 1987 until his fall in 2011. Before, Ben Ali was appointed Prime Minister in October 1987, and he assumed the Presidency on 7 November 1987 in a bloodless coup d'état that ousted President Habib Bourguiba, who was declared incompetent.[2] Ben Ali was subsequently reelected with enormous majorities, each time exceeding 90% of the vote; the final re-election was on 25 October 2009. On 14 January 2011, following a month of protests against his rule, he was forced to flee to Saudi Arabia along with his wife Leïla Ben Ali and their three children. The interim Tunisian government asked Interpol to issue an international arrest warrant, charging him for money laundering and drug trafficking. A Tunisian court sentenced Ben Ali and his wife in absentia to 35 years in prison on 20 June 2011 on charges of theft and unlawful possession of cash and jewellery.[4][5] In June 2012, a Tunisian court sentenced him in absentia to life imprisonment for inciting violence and murder and another life sentence by a military court on April 2013 for violent repression of protests in Sfax.
- Ben Ali was born in 1936 to moderate-income parents[7] as the fourth of eleven children in the family.[8] His father[1] worked as a guard at the port city of Sousse. Ben Ali joined the local resistance against French colonial forces and was imprisoned.[10] His expulsion from secondary school was the reason why he never completed his secondary education.[10] He studied at the Sousse Technical Institute but failed to earn a professional certificate[11] and joined the newly formed Tunisian Army in 1958.[12] Nevertheless, after being chosen as[clarification needed] a group of young officers,[9] he was awarded training in France at Special Inter-service School in Coëtquidan and the Artillery School in Châlons-sur-Marne, and also in the United States at the Senior Intelligence School in Maryland and the School for Anti-Aircraft Field Artillery in Texas. He also held a diploma in electronics engineering from a local university.[13] Returning to Tunisia in 1964, he began his professional military career the same year as a Tunisian staff officer.[12] During his time in military service, he established the Military Security Department and directed its operations for 10 years. He briefly served as military attaché in the Tunisian embassy of Morocco and Spain before being appointed General Director of National Security in 1977. In April 1980,[13] Ben Ali was appointed ambassador to Poland, and served in that position for four years.
- Nabil Karoui, (born 1 August 1963) is a Tunisian businessman and politician. One of the key figures in the Tunisian media landscape, Karoui is CEO of Karoui & Karoui World and owner of the Tunisian television station Nessma. Karoui is currently running as a candidate in the 2019 Tunisian presidential election.Karoui began his career in marketing and sales at several multinational corporations. After working sales in Southern France for Colgate-Palmolive, he joined the sales and marketing team at Henkel.[1] While there, he was approached by a recruiter to join the growing North Africa division of Canal+ Group, where he served for two years. Iِِn 1996, with his borther Ghazi, he founded his own communications agency KNRG.[2] This was followed in 2002 with the brothers founding Public relations firm Karoui & Karoui World. The firm quickly grew, with offices across the Middle East and North Africa. In parallel with his international public relations work, Karoui expanded his domestic business, creating subsidiaries around audiovisual production, digital media, urban advertising and a record label.[4] In 2009, he became head of the company's television company, Nessma. As a supporter of the Arab Maghreb Union, Karoui wanted to use the television channel to demonstrate the feasability of a Pan-Maghreb movement by focusing on cultural similarities. This involved a focus on Music of the Maghreb and the broadcast of a local version of Star Academy.
politics
- economist 6oct18 "a 3rd sheikh emerges" the ruling duo that kept tunisia stable has parted ways
gender
- https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tunisia-women/tunisian-president-proposes-inheritance-equality-for-women-with-exceptions-idUSKBN1KY1GE
History
-Carthage (Punic: 𐤒𐤓𐤕 𐤇𐤃𐤔𐤕, Qart-ḥadašt, lit. "New Town") was the Phoenician city-state ofCarthage and during the 7th to 3rd centuries BC, included its sphere of influence, theCarthaginian Empire. The empire extended over much of the coast of North Africa as well as encompassing substantial parts of coastalIberia and the islands of the westernMediterranean. Carthage was founded in 814 BC.[3][4] A dependency of the Phoenician state of Tyre at the time, Carthage gained independence around 650 BC and established its political hegemony over other Phoenician settlements throughout the western Mediterranean, this lasting until the end of the 3rd century BC. At the height of the city's prominence it served as a major hub of trade, with trading stations extending throughout the region. For much of its history, Carthage was on hostile terms with the Greeks in Sicily and with the Roman Republic, leading to a series of armed conflicts known as the Greek-Punic Wars (c. 600–265 BC) and the Punic Wars (264–146 BC) respectively. The city also had to deal with potentially hostileBerbers, the indigenous inhabitants of the area where Carthage was built. In 146 BC, after the third and final Punic War, Roman forces destroyed and then occupied Carthage. Nearly all of the other Phoenician city-states and former Carthaginian dependencies subsequently fell into Roman hands.
- https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-tunisia-sign-continuity-agreement The UK government has signed a trade and political continuity agreement with Tunisia in London today. Trade between the UK and Tunisia was worth £378 million in 2018.The UK has now secured trade with countries accounting for £100 billion.The agreement will ensure British businesses and consumers benefit from continued access to the market after we leave the EU.
France
- invasion in 1881 and founded protectorate
china
- senior officials visit
- tourism
- http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20170325/PDF/b8_screen.pdf
- The Punic language, also called Carthaginian or Phoenicio-Punic, is an extinct variety of the Phoenician language, a Canaanite language of the Semitic family. It was spoken in the Carthaginian empire in North Africa and several Mediterranean islands by the Punic people throughout classical antiquity, from the 8th century BC to the 5th century AD.
- https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-tunisia-sign-continuity-agreement The UK government has signed a trade and political continuity agreement with Tunisia in London today. Trade between the UK and Tunisia was worth £378 million in 2018.The UK has now secured trade with countries accounting for £100 billion.The agreement will ensure British businesses and consumers benefit from continued access to the market after we leave the EU.
France
- invasion in 1881 and founded protectorate
china
- senior officials visit
- The foreign ministers of China and Tunisia called Wednesday for new efforts to reach a negotiated peace in Libya and prevent the unstable North African nation from dissolving into a humanitarian disaster on a level with Syria. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/africa/china-tunisia-call-for-new-efforts-to-stabilize-libya/2017/07/19/98fb62e4-6c65-11e7-abbc-a53480672286_story.html?utm_term=.5cb5594daf98
- tourism
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20170219/00178_012.html非洲北部國家突尼斯的外交部上周四宣布，從即日起對持有中國護照入境的遊客實施免簽政策，可在突尼斯境內停留九十日；突尼斯當局亦將與中方機構合作，培訓專門的旅遊接待人員。另突尼斯正尋求開通與中國城市的直航航班，將航程從平均二十小時，縮短至十一小時。
- http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/201810/15/WS5bc3f56aa310eff3032824b0.html Passing through the mountains in El Kef province in northwestern Tunisia, the dam is built by Chinese power construction company Sinohydro, over the Mellegue River, which provides major water resources for over 240,000 inhabitants in the province."The main function of the dam is irrigation and flood control," said Qiu Yusheng, the project manager. "The El Kef province always suffers from water shortage, causing slow development of agriculture, a major economic mainstay of this region."Sinohydro signed a contract with the Tunisian government in 2016, according to which the dam will be completed in 2022 and become one of the largest dams in Tunisia.
- The one-week exhibition of chinese ink paintings, which was inaugurated on Wednesday, is jointly organized by the Chinese and Tunisian ministries of culture as part of Sino-Tunisian cultural exchanges. http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/culture/2017-10/30/content_33881136.htm
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