- maximator alliance (1976) (denmark, germany, sweden, netherlands (joined in 1978))
- economist 30may2020 "to your good stealth"
- 五眼聯盟是英美加澳紐五國的情報部門組成，有指各成員今年七月秘密舉行「龍蝦晚宴」，商討如何將華為排除出5G採購名單，最終各方同意中國是最大的威脅。內媒梳理發現，英美澳紐四國自當晚過後，便先後對華為的5G設備及技術發出「禁令」；負責扣查孟晚舟的加拿大，似乎受壓之下亦有類似計劃。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20181216/00180_003.html
- 日本傳媒周日報道，防衞省計劃於二○二二年成立一支規模達一百人的「宇宙部隊」，目前已派候選成員前往美國的空軍基地受訓。部隊除了負責偵測太空垃圾及可疑衞星活動外，亦會把偵測得來的情報，與美、英等西方國家組成的「五眼聯盟」共享，建構國際性的監視網絡。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190416/00180_005.html
- https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-48076262 US President Donald Trump has said he will withdraw his country from the international Arms Trade Treaty. The agreement, signed by Barack Obama in 2013, aims to regulate the sale of weapons between countries. The US National Rifle Association says the treaty amounts to international gun control, and is a threat to America's second amendment right to bear arms.
- 據中新社報道：十 三屆全國人大常委會第十九次會議20 日表決通過全國人大常委會關於加入 《武器貿易條約》的決定。http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20200621/PDF/a7_screen.pdf
Institution
- NATO
- http://www.cfr.org/nato/north-atlantic-treaty-organization-nato/
- sweden
- economist 6oct18 "war clouds" will sweden tie the knot with nato?
- arab
- economist 6oct18 "NATO for arabs?"
- terrorists
- before al-qaeda and isis - tamil tigers, IRA, ETA (ETA (Basque: [eta], Spanish: [ˈeta]), an acronym for Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (Basque: [eus̺kaði ta as̺katas̺una]; "Basque Homeland and Liberty"), is a formerly armed leftist Basque nationalist and separatist organization in the Basque Country (in northern Spain and southwestern France).), chechens
Since the early twentieth century, proxy wars have most commonly taken the form of states assuming the role of sponsors to non-state proxies, essentially using them as fifth columns to undermine an adversarial power. This type of proxy warfare includes external support for a faction engaged in a civil war, terrorists, national liberation movements, and insurgent groups, or assistance to a national revolt against foreign occupation.[2] For example, the British partly organized and instigated the Arab Revolt to undermine the Ottoman Empire during World War I.[3] Many proxy wars began assuming a distinctive ideological dimension after the Spanish Civil War, which pitted the fascist political ideology of Italy and Nazi Germany against the communist ideology of the Soviet Union without involving these states in open warfare with each other.[7] Sponsors of both sides also used the Spanish conflict as a proving ground for their own weapons and battlefield tactics. During the Cold War, proxy warfare was motivated by fears that a conventional war between the United States and Soviet Union would result in nuclear holocaust, rendering the use of ideological proxies a safer way of exercising hostilities.[8] The Soviet government found that supporting parties antagonistic to the US and Western nations was a cost-effective way to combat NATO influence in lieu of direct military engagement. In addition, the proliferation of televised media and its impact on public perception made the US public especially susceptible to war-weariness and skeptical of risking American life abroad. This encouraged the American practice of arming insurgent forces, such as the funneling of supplies to the mujahideen during the Soviet–Afghan War.- hkej 17apr18 shum article
- hkej 24aug18 shum article - the 1980s civil war in el salvador is also an example of proxy war
army
- size
- https://www.quora.com/Why-were-the-Romans-able-to-field-such-huge-armies-Why-werent-these-numbers-matched-again-until-the-mid-18th-century-despite-advancing-technology-and-rising-populations
- https://www.quora.com/Which-was-the-largest-army-of-the-ancient-world
- 竜騎兵（りゅうきへい） Dragoons originally were a class of mounted infantry, who used horses for mobility but dismounted to fight on foot. From the early 18th century onward, dragoons were increasingly employed as conventional light or medium cavalry, trained for combat with swords from horseback. Dragoon regiments were established in most European armies during the late 17th and early 18th centuries. The name is derived from a type of firearm, called a "dragon", which was a handgunversion of a blunderbuss, carried by dragoons of the French Army. The title has been retained in modern times by a number of armoured or ceremonial mounted regiments. Le terme dragon désigne des militaires se déplaçant à cheval mais combattant à pied, bien que certaines périodes de l'histoire aient fait déroger à cette règle dans leur attitude de combat. Les premiers exemples de telles unités remontent à l'Antiquité avec les dimaques d'Alexandre le Grand ou les Alamans. On sait aussi que la plupart des samouraïs japonais avaient tendance à se battre de cette façon, utilisant leurs chevaux moins pour les charges que pour le transport et arriver frais sur le champ de bataille.
- The establishment of dragoons evolved from the practice of sometimes transporting infantry by horse when speed of movement was needed. In 1552 Prince Alexander of Parma mounted several companies of infantry on pack horses to achieve surprise.[4] Another early instance was ordered by Louis of Nassau in 1572 during operations near Mons in Hainaut, when 500 infantry were transported this way.[4] It is also suggested the first dragoons were raised by the Marshal de Brissac in 1600. According to old German literature, dragoons were invented by Count Ernst von Mansfeld, one of the greatest German military commanders, in the early 1620s.
- https://www.quora.com/How-did-England-economy-wise-manage-to-create-a-large-navy-when-comparable-nations-like-France-Spain-and-Germany-couldnt-economy-wise
castle
- https://www.quora.com/When-did-castles-become-obsolete-as-a-defensive-structure
Investment is the military process of surrounding an enemy fort (or town) with armed forces to prevent entry or escape. It serves both to cut communications with the outside world, and to prevent supplies and reinforcements from being introduced. A circumvallation is a line of fortifications, built by the attackers around the besieged fortification facing towards an enemy fort (to protect the besiegers from sorties by its defenders and to enhance the blockade). The resulting fortifications are known as 'lines of circumvallation'.[5] Lines of circumvallation generally consist of earthen ramparts and entrenchmentsthat encircle the besieged city. The line of circumvallation can be used as a base for launching assaults against the besieged city or for constructing further earthworks nearer to the city. A contravallation may be constructed in cases where the besieging army is threatened by a field army allied to an enemy fort.[6] This is a second line of fortifications outside the circumvallation, facing away from an enemy fort. The contravallation protects the besiegers from attacks by allies of the city's defenders and enhances the blockade of an enemy fort by making it more difficult to smuggle in supplies.
A mercenary is a person who takes part in an armed conflict who is completely funded by the government and is "motivated to take part in the hostilities by desire for private gain". Mercenaries fight for money or other recompense rather than for political interests. In the last century, and as reflected in the Geneva Convention, mercenaries have increasingly come to be seen as less entitled to protections by rules of war than non-mercenaries. However, whether or not a person is a mercenary may be a matter of degree, as financial and political interests may overlap.Protocol Additional GC 1977 (APGC77) is a 1977 amendment protocol to the Geneva Conventions. Article 47 of the protocol provides the most widely accepted international definition of a mercenary, though not endorsed by some countries, including the United States.
- greeks
- https://www.quora.com/Why-did-over-50-000-Greeks-fight-on-the-side-of-the-Persians-against-Alexander-and-the-Macedonians
- https://www.quora.com/Would-Rome-have-continued-expanding-if-it-wasn-t-for-the-Battle-of-Teutoburg-Forest Most Roman activity in Germany were punitive expeditions, after German raids. However, even these were like a game of “whack a mole.” Most of the time, the Germans moved out of the way as the Romans advanced, and returned when they left.I want to clarify something. These Germans were not primitives. Many served as auxiliaries and gained Roman citizenship (they returned home after service). They knew Rome and its ways.The wholesale deployment of Germans, as auxiliaries, was commonplace since Caesar’s time. For example, the main profession of male Batavians(and other Germans), was service as mercenaries. These auxiliaries were usually deployed far from home.For example, Arminius and his brother were Roman soldiers (and citizens). Arminius’ brother, Flavus, returned to Germany and became chief of his tribe.
- The Turks made naturally good mercenaries. They were good soldiers, were disciplined fighters, and had recently enjoyed a population boom. They also wanted more fertile lands to grow their crops and better pastures for their livestock, so the Byzantine noblemen were eager to allow them to settle in Asia Minor. They were also previously unused as mercenaries, making them better choices than the Frankish mercenaries that the Empire had come to rely on after the death of Basil II and whom would later revolt in the aftermath of Manzikert.https://www.quora.com/What-did-the-Byzantines-need-to-do-to-not-fall-victim-to-the-Turks
- british empire
- [1776 chron] 15,000 hessians and brunswickers are retained, also woolfenbutlers, waldeckers, six regiments under lord cornwallis, highlanders
- on 21stdec 8 beautiful horses from westphalia were landedvat the tower, being a present from the prince of hesse to his majesty
- the dashing bashi-bazouks of Cairo, descendants of Albanian mercenaries and who still wore their traditional white arnaut skirts. Jean-Léon Gérôme was especially skilled in their portrayal, and his huge collection of photographs is known to have included two images of men – probably paid models wearing outfits from the artist’s own costume collection – dressed as bashi-bazouks. The results appear in works like Arnaut of Cairo and Egyptian Recruits Crossing The Desert. https://www.sothebys.com/en/articles/the-orientalists-and-their-subjects-an-eternal-search-for-models
- The better-known combat units in which foreign nationals serve in another country's armed forces are the Gurkha regiments of the British and Indian armies, and the French Foreign Legion.
- The private military company (PMC) is the contemporary strand of the mercenary trade, providing logistics, soldiers, military training, and other services. Thus, PMC contractors are civilians (in governmental, international, and civil organizations) authorized to accompany an army to the field; hence, the term civilian contractor. Nevertheless, PMCs may use armed force, hence defined as: "legally established enterprises that make a profit, by either providing services involving the potential exercise of [armed] force in a systematic way and by military means, and/or by the transfer of that potential to clients through training and other practices, such as logistics support, equipment procurement, and intelligence gathering."
- 比如英國成立於1967年的國際警 衛 服 務公司（Watchguard International），就與英美情報人員合作甚為緊密，配合他們向世界衝突地區派僱傭兵。2000年以後，聯合國和平行動協會（Peace Operations Association）竟也開始使用僱傭兵處理國際事務。 2013年，一家俄羅斯國際私營軍人服務公司在香港註冊，名為「斯拉夫軍團」（Slavonic Corps），它專門提供驍勇善戰的俄羅斯僱傭兵，該公司的廣告特別說到，俄羅斯僱傭兵熟悉敘利亞氣候與地形，曾在貝魯特和大馬士革作戰，能攻善守，熟悉 各種輕重武器。這家公司僱傭兵的月餉為5,000美元。當年十月，果然客戶登門，一下就簽約267個俄羅斯僱傭兵，公司按要求將他們分成兩小隊，遣往敘利 亞西北部重鎮代爾祖爾，駐守該地的油田。 最後說一下「瓦格涅爾集團公司」。奧列格告訴我，這是一家非同尋常的企業，老闆烏特金（Dmitry Utkin）原是俄軍總參謀部直屬獨立第2旅第700支隊的中校隊長，他退為預備役後，2013年曾加盟「斯拉夫軍團」作為僱傭兵開赴敘利亞執行任務。他 回國後便組建了「瓦格涅爾集團公司」。2013年烏特金曾派遣僱傭兵在烏克蘭作戰，2014年又派兵進入敘利亞參加戰鬥。2015年，公司營業額超過10 億盧布（1盧布約合0.1119人民幣）。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2018/03/02/a30-0302.pdf
- https://www.reuters.com/article/us-northkorea-usa-gurkhas/with-khukris-and-assault-rifles-singapores-gurkhas-to-guard-trump-kim-summit-idUSKCN1J10CV When U.S. President Donald Trump and North Korean leader Kim Jong Un meet for their historic summit in Singapore later this month, they will be protected by men from one of the fiercest warrior tribes in the world - the Gurkhas of Nepal. While both leaders will bring their own personal security teams, elite Singaporean police, including its Gurkha Contingent, will be securing the summit venue, roads and hotels, according to diplomats familiar with VIP security in the island state. The Gurkhas, who have a low-profile presence in Singapore, were more visible than usual at the weekend as they secured the Shangri-La Hotel for a security conference that included Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, U.S. Defense Secretary Jim Mattis and other regional ministers. The Gurkhas, recruited by the Singapore police from the hills of faraway Nepal, were kitted out in body armor, Belgian-made FN SCAR combat assault rifles and pistols in leg holsters at the conference, in what some security experts believed was a dry run for the U.S.-North Korea summit. Despite all the advanced weaponry, the Gurkhas do not prepare for battle without the khukri - the heavy curved knife that is their traditional weapon of choice. According to custom, the khukri must draw blood every time it is unsheathed. The IISS Military Balance says 1,800 Gurkhas serve in the Singapore police, across six paramilitary companies. A legacy in part of the British colonial era and more recent pragmatic Singaporean leadership, Singapore’s Gurkhas are linked to a British tradition that has recruited and paid for elite regiments of soldiers from Nepal for more than 200 years. Beaten back by the Gurkhas in the 19th century Anglo-Nepalese War and admired for their valor and fighting skills, the colonial British then began to recruit them. Now Gurkhas serve in the British, Indian and Nepalese armies, as well as in Brunei and Singapore. They have fought in both world wars as well as the Falklands conflict and, more recently, in Afghanistan.
- About 30,000 Hessians served in the Americas, and, after the war ended in 1783, some 17,313 Hessian soldiers returned to their German homelands. Of the 12,526 who did not return, about 7,700 had died. Some 1,200 were killed in action, and 6,354 died from illness or accidents.Approximately 5,000 Hessians settled in North America, both in the United States and Canada.https://www.quora.com/After-the-Revolutionary-War-what-happened-to-the-30-000-German-mercenaries-the-British-had-sent-to-the-Colonies
- russia
- Seven Russian Wagner Group mercenaries have been killed in two separate shooting incidents involving Islamic State-linked insurgents in Mozambique’s northern Cabo Delgado province this month, two Mozambique army sources told The Moscow Times.https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2019/10/31/7-kremlin-linked-mercenaries-killed-in-mozambique-in-october-sources-a67996
- 瓦格納集團於二○一四年成立，由俄羅斯商人、有「普京廚師」之稱的普里高津資助，近年涉足烏克蘭、敍利亞及非洲多國。始創人、前俄軍特種部隊士兵烏特金（Dmitry Utkin）一六年獲普京頒發勳章，國防部會協助訓練僱傭兵，關係密切。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20191103/00180_021.html
- africa
- economist 30may2020 "are mercenaries no longer taboo?" why shaky african governments hire private armies
- More than 1,000 Russian and Syrian mercenaries in Libya have pulled back from the front lines after a Turkish military intervention helped block an assault on the capital.The mercenaries with the Wagner company, headed by a confidant of Russian President Vladimir Putin, descended on the city of Bani Walid as they and Haftar’s self-styled Libyan National Army withdrew from Tripoli’s suburbs over the past few days, the city’s mayor Salem Alaywan said in a phone interview on Sunday. Western officials had said that more than 1,400 Russian mercenaries were deployed last year to assist Haftar, who is also supported by the United Arab Emirates and Egypt. His aim is to dislodge the internationally recognized government in Tripoli, which in turn is backed by Turkey.http://www.chinadailyhk.com/article/131551#Russian-Syrian-mercenaries-quit-Libya's-front-lines 美俄角力延伸至陷入內戰的利比亞，美國前日指俄羅斯向利比亞派遣戰機，支援俄國僱傭兵，並與軍閥赫夫特爾對付國際社會承認的民族團結政府。美軍警告，一旦俄羅斯成功在利比亞海岸建立據點，將威脅歐洲南部；又指俄方破壞利比亞局勢穩定的行為，進一步加劇該地區不穩定，令難民潮惡化。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20200528/00180_004.html
- 網上流傳 數名身形健碩的外籍紋身漢與黑衣 暴徒的合照，有撐泛暴派的專頁證 實，數名洋漢是烏克蘭準軍事集團 「亞速營」（Avoz battalion）成員 。亦有網友發現，其中一人耳後紋 有疑似支持 「新納粹主義」 圖案。 市民憂慮已有外國極端分子抵港混 入暴徒隊伍中，恐怖主義將扎根香 港。http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20191204/PDF/a8_screen.pdf
intelligence / secret service
- special powers
- 英國調查權力審裁處(IPT)前日以一票之差，裁定軍情五處 (MI5)情報人員在職務需要時，可參與謀殺、綁架及使用酷刑 等犯罪活動的政策合法，被指變相承認情報人員持「殺人牌 照」。內政部表示歡迎裁決，發起訴訟的人權 組織則表明會上訴。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2019/12/22/a11-1222.pdf
- 針對江蘇漁民撈獲外國水下間諜裝置一事，英國廣播公司（BBC）記者阿莫斯近日指出，中國漁民非首次撈獲外國水下間諜裝置，有漁民獲獎勵五十萬元人民幣（約五十六萬港元），是中國人均收入的十七倍。阿莫斯又認為他們肩負軍事使命，是民兵力量的組成部分。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20200118/00178_006.html
military training
- for foreign nationals
- 新加坡國防部上周五公布，該國一名軍人日前在台灣進行跳傘訓練期間，弄傷頸椎，緊急送往醫院治療，目前情況穩定。新加坡部隊事後暫停這項訓練，並就事件展開調查；台灣的陸軍暫未對事件作回應。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20191222/00180_026.html
- 台灣多名軍事迷周四在高雄小港機場發現，在台訓練的新加坡A330-200MRTT大型加油運輸機首次現身機場，當時有美國軍機在附近一帶空域巡邏，地面則有救護車戒備，估計有事故發生。台灣軍方事後向新加坡的星光部隊了解，證實無官兵受傷。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20200117/00178_011.html
- 台灣的國防部前日證實，因應某中東國家面對恐怖襲擊活動頻傳，反恐訓練有待加強，台軍方與該國近日簽訂軍事合作方案，派出有「夜鷹特勤隊」之稱的憲兵特勤隊，為對方的反恐部隊提供訓練，並由對方派員赴台受訓。有關訓練已完成，該外國部隊亦已回國，但未透露具體是哪一國。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20200516/00178_004.html
Legislation
- uk
- official secrets acts 1989
world market
- https://www.ft.com/content/69724520-b85f-11e6-ba85-95d1533d9a62 In South Korea, the business of war is booming. Military exports have soared nearly 1,100 per cent since 2009 as the nation’s arms manufacturers thrive off growing global instability, competitive pricing and the re-emergence of demand for conventional weapons of warfare — the country’s speciality.
- https://www.ft.com/content/69724520-b85f-11e6-ba85-95d1533d9a62 In South Korea, the business of war is booming. Military exports have soared nearly 1,100 per cent since 2009 as the nation’s arms manufacturers thrive off growing global instability, competitive pricing and the re-emergence of demand for conventional weapons of warfare — the country’s speciality.
- economist 15feb2020 from muskets to missiles - chinese, russian and local defence firms begin to battle western giants for the last weapons market that is still up for grabs
Arms control
- http://www.cfr.org/nonproliferation-arms-control-and-disarmament/us-russia-arms-control/ note nothing after 2010
Nuclear
- nuclear suppliers group
- https://www.ft.com/content/9d245eca-7781-11e8-bc55-50daf11b720d Japan is facing international pressure to reduce its 47-tonne stockpile of plutonium, ahead of the expiry of a civil nuclear treaty with the US. The uncertainty is forcing Tokyo to rethink its decades-old strategy of achieving energy independence through the use of nuclear reactors and reprocessed fuel. Given the risk of nuclear terrorism and proliferation, Japanese officials expect the US will push for a reduction in the stockpile. But with most of its nuclear reactors offline after the 2011 Fukushima disaster, Japan has no easy way to utilise the fuel.
- 沙特阿拉伯的核計劃備受關注，美國傳媒根據最新衞星圖片報道，沙特正在首都利雅得郊區興建一座核反應堆，而且工程進展迅速，估計於九個月至一年內完工。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190408/00180_005.html
- 美國、中國、法國、英國及俄羅斯上周三起一連兩日，在英國倫敦舉行「五核合作機制」第九次正式會議。美國多次要求進行中美俄三邊軍控談判，與會的中國外交部軍控司司長傅聰指要求不公平，反促美俄大幅削減核武數量。美國則於上周五再施壓，要求北京加入談判。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20200216/00180_003.html
titanium
- The U.S. Commerce Department on Monday launched a national security probe into titanium sponge imports, a key input in military aircraft and other equipment like space vehicles, satellites, naval vessels, missiles and munitions. The probe under Section “232” follows an investigation by the Commerce Department in 2017 to review if titanium sponge imports from Japan and Kazakhstan were injuring U.S. producers and was prompted by a petition from U.S.-based Titanium Metals Corp, part of Berkshire Hathaway Inc’s Precision Castparts Corp. In 2017, the U.S. International Trade Commission voted to end its probe into the imports, saying it found no harm.https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trade-defense/us-launches-national-security-probe-into-titanium-sponge-imports-idUSKCN1QL2C2
- 2019中國鈦谷國際鈦產業博覽會近日在陝西寶雞舉行，吸引了來自德國、英國、日本等多個國家和地區的經濟組織及150餘家境內外企業參展參會。鈦博會期間共達成各類投資採購合同協議項目12個，總金額66億元（人民幣，下同）。在項目推介暨簽約大會上，8個項目現場簽約，總投資額38億元，其中，寶雞力興鈦及鈦合金航空新材料產業園項目總投資20億元，主要建設鈦合金飛機高壓管路件系統車間、鈦合金飛機發動機作動筒車間、鈦合金飛機發動機連接桿車間、航空用鈦合金異型件鍛壓車間等，以及園區基礎配套設施。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2019/04/27/b05-0427.pdf
Missiles / missiles defence systems
- http://www.economist.com/news/business/21702207-weapons-makers-reckon-missiles-will-be-their-next-big-hit-rocketing-around-world
The Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF Treaty, formally Treaty Between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Elimination of Their Intermediate-Range and Shorter-Range Missiles; Russian: Договор о ликвидации ракет средней и меньшей дальности / ДРСМД, Dogovor o likvidatsiy raket sredney i menshey dalnosti / DRSMD) was an arms control treaty between the United States and the Soviet Union (and its successor state, the Russian Federation). U.S. President Ronald Reagan and Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev signed the treaty on 8 December 1987.[1][2] The United States Senate approved the treaty on 27 May 1988, and Reagan and Gorbachev ratified it on 1 June 1988.The U.S. formally suspended the treaty on 1 February 2019,[9] and Russia did so the following day.
- 德國總理默克爾上周六（16日）在慕尼黑安全會議上表示，國際裁軍問題不應只針對美國、俄羅斯及歐洲，中國亦有必要加入談判。但同場的中國國務委員楊潔篪強調中國的軍事力量僅用於自衞，拒絕列入約束軍備的國際協議內。有英國智庫指，一旦中國加入中導條約，95%的彈道導彈和巡航導彈均違反條約，包括武力統一台灣利器東風21D和「關島殺手」東風26。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190218/00180_001.html
生化
- 早在三千多年前，小亞細亞的赫梯王國就派人將感染了兔熱病的綿羊放入敵國傳染瘟疫，以此作為作戰手段。第一次世界大戰時，英、德雙方都建立生物武器基地。第二次世界大戰時，日軍在中國東北細菌戰的七三一部隊，曾在湖南戰場投放鼠疫用於實戰。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20200529/00184_010.html
drones war
- http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/cndy/2017-02/21/content_28277675.htm France enlists eagles in battle against potential terror attacks Faced with the risk of drones being used to snoop or carry out attacks on French soil, the air force is showing its claws. At Mont-de-Marsan in southwestern France a quartet of fearsome golden eagles is being trained to take out unmanned aircraft in midflight.
- 波斯灣戰雲密布，上空未見大型戰機巡飛，原來暗地已經出動無人機攻敵。沙特阿拉伯繼輸油設施遭無人機破壞，日前又有南部軍方基地機場受到同類襲擊。伊朗撐腰的也門叛軍青年運動承認責任，聲稱計劃攻擊沙特和阿聯酋三百個軍事目標。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190523/00192_001.html
deep sea data link
- China has announced plans to upgrade a civilian network of sensors and communications technology deep in the Western Pacific that it says is used in scientific research. But analysts said the PLA could already be using a military-grade version of the communications technology to contact submarines operating far from base. http://www.scmp.com/news/china/policies-politics/article/2058966/chinas-deep-sea-data-links-may-point-submarine-signals
- https://www.france24.com/en/20190901-on-israel-s-borders-drone-rivalries-play-out Long a pioneer in drone technology, Israel today sees its superiority challenged by Iran and its ally Hezbollah which are also developing military UAVs. The past week has illustrated the complex and shifting dynamics.
On August 24, Israel struck what it said was an attempt to stop an Iranian force from launching a cross-border drone attack from a Syrian village. A day later, two drones which Lebanon said were Israeli crashed in the southern suburbs of the Lebanese capital Beirut, an area dominated by Israel's longtime foe Hezbollah. The Lebanese army later fired at a number of Israeli drones. On Saturday, Hezollah leader Hassan Nasrallah vowed that Israel "must pay a price" for the alleged August 25 strike. On Sunday, Iran unveiled what it said was a new reconnaissance and attack drone with a range of more than 1,000 kilometres (620 miles). Meanwhile in Iraq, Israel has been accused of being behind several attacks and drone sightings against a paramilitary group. Israel has not confirmed its involvement. Israel also has not claimed responsibility for the drones found in Beirut but accused Hezbollah of making precision missiles in the neighbourhood, allegations that may well have been formulated with the help of drone surveillance. The Jewish state's use of unmanned aircraft for gathering information is hardly new. In 1982, during a war in Lebanon, Israel was equipped with drones. After the October war of 1973, in which neighbouring Arab states caught Israel unawares, it began developing drones to gather real-time information on its rivals. "In the first Lebanon war, in 1982, the system was operational. It was a surveillance system -- real-time, optical intelligence by camera," French-Israeli David Hariri, who led the project, told AFP. They were gradually fitted with infrared cameras, lasers to identify specific targets and electromagnetic intelligence systems, Hariri, often dubbed the father of Israeli drones, added. "The soldiers had been ordered to use them but they were a bit of mockery -- 'what are we going to do with a small plane like that?'" he recalled. Things changed after they showed their value on the battlefield, he said. Harari said Israel was the first country to create such a national drone programme in its military.
military exercise
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20170915/00178_001.html中俄相繼在波羅的海及日本海舉行軍演。俄羅斯亦於周四（14日）起在波羅的海地區，舉行為期一周、代號西方十七（Zapad 17）的海陸空演習，西方傳媒指俄軍出動多達十五萬士兵，規模是近四十年來最大。美國及北約憂慮俄方藉軍演發動侵略，遂在瑞典及烏克蘭展開大型演習對抗，令歐洲陷入戰爭邊緣。
- rimpac exercise
- 「科瓦里2018」中澳美野戰生存聯合訓練，上周三起在澳洲凱恩斯舉行。中國首次派出海軍陸戰隊參與，包括海軍陸戰隊「兩棲霸王花」分隊的兩名女兵，以及來自「蛟龍突擊隊」的八名男兵，參加各課目的聯合訓練。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20180906/00178_009.html - http://www.arabnews.com/node/1383371/world Japanese troops stormed a beach in the Philippines Saturday in joint exercises with US and Filipino troops that officials said marked the first time Tokyo’s armored vehicles rolled on foreign soil since World War II.
The small Japanese contingent played a humanitarian support role in the drill after US and Filipino marines made an amphibious landing to retake Philippine territory from a “terrorist” group.
- 中國國防部周日公布，中國、馬來西亞及泰國三國軍隊將於周六開始，連續十日於馬來西亞海域舉行「和平友誼－2018」聯合軍事演習。中方表示，此次軍演旨在展現三國軍隊「維護南海地區和平穩定的共同意願」，中國駐港澳部隊皆會派員參加。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20181015/00178_011.html
- 由兩棲登陸艦昆侖山號、綜合補給艦駱馬湖號組成的中國海軍998艦艇編隊，周四抵達巴基斯坦卡拉奇港，參加代號「和平-19」的多國海上聯合軍事演習。巴基斯坦官方代表以及中國駐卡拉奇總領事王愚等人前往碼頭迎接，並登艦參觀。這次聯合演習由巴基斯坦海軍組織，由周五至下周二在卡拉奇及附近海域舉行，中國、美國、英國、意大利、澳洲、馬來西亞、斯里蘭卡、土耳其、阿曼等國共派出十一艘艦艇、飛機及特種部隊參加。軍演目的是促進各國的海上交流協作，共同提升應對海上安全威脅的能力。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190209/00178_003.htmlArms control
- http://www.cfr.org/nonproliferation-arms-control-and-disarmament/us-russia-arms-control/ note nothing after 2010
Nuclear
- nuclear suppliers group
- a multinational body concerned with reducing nuclear proliferation by controlling the export and re-transfer of materials that may be applicable to nuclear weapon development and by improving safeguards and protection on existing materials. The NSG was founded in response to the Indian nuclear test in May 1974 and first met in November 1975. The test demonstrated that certain non-weapons specific nuclear technology could be readily turned to weapons development. Nations already signatories of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) saw the need to further limit the export of nuclear equipment, materials or technology. Another benefit was that non-NPT and non-Zangger Committee nations, then specifically France, could be brought in. A series of meetings in London from 1975 to 1978 resulted in agreements on the guidelines for export, these were published as INFCIRC/254 (essentially the Zangger "Trigger List") by the International Atomic Energy Agency. Listed items could only be exported to non-nuclear states if certain International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards were agreed to or if exceptional circumstances relating to safety existed. The name of the "London Club" was due to the series of meetings in London. It has also been referred to as the London Group, or the London Suppliers Group. The NSG did not meet again until 1991. The "Trigger List" remained unchanged until 1991, although the Zangger list was regularly updated. The revelations about the Iraqi weapons program following the first Gulf War led to a tightening of the export of so-called dual-use equipment. At the first meeting since 1978, held at the Hague in March 1991, the twenty-six participating governments agreed to the changes, which were published as the "Dual-use List" in 1992, and also to the extension of the original list to more closely match the up-to-date Zangger list. A regular series of plenary meetings was also arranged as was the regular updating of the two key lists.
- 相對華府希望重複「利比亞模式」，以及北京提出「雙軌並行」倡議，金正恩一心嚮往的，卻恐怕是「印度模式」。一九九八年，印度進行核試後，美國等西方國家實施嚴厲的經濟、技術制裁，其後新德里頂住壓力，進一步掌握氫彈、中長程導彈等技術，華府最終接受現實，承認印度的「核俱樂部」資格。儘管金正恩近日對外釋出善意，甚至邀請外國專家見證關閉核試場，但他從未鬆口承諾棄核，反而強調北韓不會率先發動核襲，並且確保相關技術不會外流，儼然對外宣布正常擁核國家的地位。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20180502/00192_001.html
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20160629/00178_021.html 核供應國集團（NSG）成員大會上周五在南韓首爾閉幕，會上中國指在印度簽署《不擴散核武器條約》前，不應接受其加入申請，據報觸發印度民眾不滿，有激進組織在街頭焚燒五星紅旗等。而印度官方消息則指，不會為加入NSG而把中印關係置於岌岌可危的境地。
- https://www.ft.com/content/9d245eca-7781-11e8-bc55-50daf11b720d Japan is facing international pressure to reduce its 47-tonne stockpile of plutonium, ahead of the expiry of a civil nuclear treaty with the US. The uncertainty is forcing Tokyo to rethink its decades-old strategy of achieving energy independence through the use of nuclear reactors and reprocessed fuel. Given the risk of nuclear terrorism and proliferation, Japanese officials expect the US will push for a reduction in the stockpile. But with most of its nuclear reactors offline after the 2011 Fukushima disaster, Japan has no easy way to utilise the fuel.
- 沙特阿拉伯的核計劃備受關注，美國傳媒根據最新衞星圖片報道，沙特正在首都利雅得郊區興建一座核反應堆，而且工程進展迅速，估計於九個月至一年內完工。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190408/00180_005.html
- 美國、中國、法國、英國及俄羅斯上周三起一連兩日，在英國倫敦舉行「五核合作機制」第九次正式會議。美國多次要求進行中美俄三邊軍控談判，與會的中國外交部軍控司司長傅聰指要求不公平，反促美俄大幅削減核武數量。美國則於上周五再施壓，要求北京加入談判。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20200216/00180_003.html
titanium
- The U.S. Commerce Department on Monday launched a national security probe into titanium sponge imports, a key input in military aircraft and other equipment like space vehicles, satellites, naval vessels, missiles and munitions. The probe under Section “232” follows an investigation by the Commerce Department in 2017 to review if titanium sponge imports from Japan and Kazakhstan were injuring U.S. producers and was prompted by a petition from U.S.-based Titanium Metals Corp, part of Berkshire Hathaway Inc’s Precision Castparts Corp. In 2017, the U.S. International Trade Commission voted to end its probe into the imports, saying it found no harm.https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trade-defense/us-launches-national-security-probe-into-titanium-sponge-imports-idUSKCN1QL2C2
- 2019中國鈦谷國際鈦產業博覽會近日在陝西寶雞舉行，吸引了來自德國、英國、日本等多個國家和地區的經濟組織及150餘家境內外企業參展參會。鈦博會期間共達成各類投資採購合同協議項目12個，總金額66億元（人民幣，下同）。在項目推介暨簽約大會上，8個項目現場簽約，總投資額38億元，其中，寶雞力興鈦及鈦合金航空新材料產業園項目總投資20億元，主要建設鈦合金飛機高壓管路件系統車間、鈦合金飛機發動機作動筒車間、鈦合金飛機發動機連接桿車間、航空用鈦合金異型件鍛壓車間等，以及園區基礎配套設施。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2019/04/27/b05-0427.pdf
Missiles / missiles defence systems
- http://www.economist.com/news/business/21702207-weapons-makers-reckon-missiles-will-be-their-next-big-hit-rocketing-around-world
The Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF Treaty, formally Treaty Between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Elimination of Their Intermediate-Range and Shorter-Range Missiles; Russian: Договор о ликвидации ракет средней и меньшей дальности / ДРСМД, Dogovor o likvidatsiy raket sredney i menshey dalnosti / DRSMD) was an arms control treaty between the United States and the Soviet Union (and its successor state, the Russian Federation). U.S. President Ronald Reagan and Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev signed the treaty on 8 December 1987.[1][2] The United States Senate approved the treaty on 27 May 1988, and Reagan and Gorbachev ratified it on 1 June 1988.The U.S. formally suspended the treaty on 1 February 2019,[9] and Russia did so the following day.
- 德國總理默克爾上周六（16日）在慕尼黑安全會議上表示，國際裁軍問題不應只針對美國、俄羅斯及歐洲，中國亦有必要加入談判。但同場的中國國務委員楊潔篪強調中國的軍事力量僅用於自衞，拒絕列入約束軍備的國際協議內。有英國智庫指，一旦中國加入中導條約，95%的彈道導彈和巡航導彈均違反條約，包括武力統一台灣利器東風21D和「關島殺手」東風26。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190218/00180_001.html
生化
- 早在三千多年前，小亞細亞的赫梯王國就派人將感染了兔熱病的綿羊放入敵國傳染瘟疫，以此作為作戰手段。第一次世界大戰時，英、德雙方都建立生物武器基地。第二次世界大戰時，日軍在中國東北細菌戰的七三一部隊，曾在湖南戰場投放鼠疫用於實戰。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20200529/00184_010.html
drones war
- http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/cndy/2017-02/21/content_28277675.htm France enlists eagles in battle against potential terror attacks Faced with the risk of drones being used to snoop or carry out attacks on French soil, the air force is showing its claws. At Mont-de-Marsan in southwestern France a quartet of fearsome golden eagles is being trained to take out unmanned aircraft in midflight.
- 波斯灣戰雲密布，上空未見大型戰機巡飛，原來暗地已經出動無人機攻敵。沙特阿拉伯繼輸油設施遭無人機破壞，日前又有南部軍方基地機場受到同類襲擊。伊朗撐腰的也門叛軍青年運動承認責任，聲稱計劃攻擊沙特和阿聯酋三百個軍事目標。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190523/00192_001.html
deep sea data link
- China has announced plans to upgrade a civilian network of sensors and communications technology deep in the Western Pacific that it says is used in scientific research. But analysts said the PLA could already be using a military-grade version of the communications technology to contact submarines operating far from base. http://www.scmp.com/news/china/policies-politics/article/2058966/chinas-deep-sea-data-links-may-point-submarine-signals
- https://www.france24.com/en/20190901-on-israel-s-borders-drone-rivalries-play-out Long a pioneer in drone technology, Israel today sees its superiority challenged by Iran and its ally Hezbollah which are also developing military UAVs. The past week has illustrated the complex and shifting dynamics.
On August 24, Israel struck what it said was an attempt to stop an Iranian force from launching a cross-border drone attack from a Syrian village. A day later, two drones which Lebanon said were Israeli crashed in the southern suburbs of the Lebanese capital Beirut, an area dominated by Israel's longtime foe Hezbollah. The Lebanese army later fired at a number of Israeli drones. On Saturday, Hezollah leader Hassan Nasrallah vowed that Israel "must pay a price" for the alleged August 25 strike. On Sunday, Iran unveiled what it said was a new reconnaissance and attack drone with a range of more than 1,000 kilometres (620 miles). Meanwhile in Iraq, Israel has been accused of being behind several attacks and drone sightings against a paramilitary group. Israel has not confirmed its involvement. Israel also has not claimed responsibility for the drones found in Beirut but accused Hezbollah of making precision missiles in the neighbourhood, allegations that may well have been formulated with the help of drone surveillance. The Jewish state's use of unmanned aircraft for gathering information is hardly new. In 1982, during a war in Lebanon, Israel was equipped with drones. After the October war of 1973, in which neighbouring Arab states caught Israel unawares, it began developing drones to gather real-time information on its rivals. "In the first Lebanon war, in 1982, the system was operational. It was a surveillance system -- real-time, optical intelligence by camera," French-Israeli David Hariri, who led the project, told AFP. They were gradually fitted with infrared cameras, lasers to identify specific targets and electromagnetic intelligence systems, Hariri, often dubbed the father of Israeli drones, added. "The soldiers had been ordered to use them but they were a bit of mockery -- 'what are we going to do with a small plane like that?'" he recalled. Things changed after they showed their value on the battlefield, he said. Harari said Israel was the first country to create such a national drone programme in its military.
military exercise
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20170915/00178_001.html中俄相繼在波羅的海及日本海舉行軍演。俄羅斯亦於周四（14日）起在波羅的海地區，舉行為期一周、代號西方十七（Zapad 17）的海陸空演習，西方傳媒指俄軍出動多達十五萬士兵，規模是近四十年來最大。美國及北約憂慮俄方藉軍演發動侵略，遂在瑞典及烏克蘭展開大型演習對抗，令歐洲陷入戰爭邊緣。
- 俄羅斯在遠東海參崴與中國聯合軍演的同時，在歐洲亦正舉行演習，與白俄羅斯舉行「西方2017」大型聯合軍事演習。軍演第一階段已於上周六結束，進入第二階段，參演部隊模擬擊退假想敵針對聯盟國家的入侵。俄軍透露，拉脫維亞、立陶宛、挪威、波蘭、烏克蘭等受邀國代表，已抵達明斯克觀察軍演。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20170919/00180_004.html
- rimpac exercise
- The US has withdrawn an invitation to China to participate in what has been described as the world's largest international maritime warfare exercise, the Pentagon said on Wednesday. A Pentagon spokesman said in a statement that "China's behavior is inconsistent with the principles and purposes of the RIMPAC exercise," and it has "disinvited the PLA Navy from the 2018 Rim of the Pacific (RIMPAC) Exercise."Held every two years and based in Hawaii, the RIMPAC exercise involves more than 20 countries from across the world, including Australia, India, Japan and the United Kingdom.The decision to withdraw China's invitation was made by Defense Secretary James Mattis in coordination with the White House, according to a US official, after Beijing's recent deployment of missile systems and the first landing of a Chinese bomber on an island in the South China Sea. https://edition.cnn.com/2018/05/23/politics/us-china-military-drills/index.html; The first RIMPAC was held in 1971 as a joint exercise between the US, Australia and Canada. China first participated in 2014, and received invitations from the US in 2016 and 2018.In 2016, then US secretary of defense Ash Carter said the US would not revoke China's invitation despite the tension over the South China Sea.http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/201805/25/WS5b075318a31001b82571c2fd.html
- 由美軍主導、原定下月舉行的環太平洋軍演（RIMPAC）將順延至八月十七到卅一日，邀請的廿五個國家中，則不包括中國，是解放軍繼二○一八年後，連續兩屆未獲邀參演。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20200520/00178_001.html
- Economist 12aug17 issue
- Exercise Malabar is a trilateral naval exercise involving the United States, Japan and India as permanent partners. Originally a bilateral exercise between India and the United States, Japan became a permanent partner in 2015. Past non-permanent participants are Australia and Singapore. The annual Malabar series began in 1992 and includes diverse activities, ranging from fighter combat operations from aircraft carriers through Maritime Interdiction Operations Exercises.
- Saber Strike is an annual international exercise held since 2010 by the United States Army Europe (USAREUR) focused on the Baltic States. The exercise spans multiple locations in Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia and involves approximately 2,000 troops from 14 countries.The exercise trains participants on command and control as well as interoperability with regional partners and consists of a brigade-level command post exercise and computer assisted exercise, as well as company-level field and situational training exercises. It also features the integration of United States close air support (CAS) with partner nation ground forces and the demonstration of United States Expeditionary Medical Support (EMEDS) capability. This theater security cooperation exercise provides commanders and their staffs practical experience in organizing, controlling and supporting coalition operations and allows the United States, NATO and participating nations to demonstrate their own roles in contributing regional and global stability by strengthening international military partnerships, enhancing multinational interoperability and preparing participants for worldwide contingency operations.
- Han Kuang Exercise 汉光演习为中华民国以全国性防卫作战的军事演习，假想敌一般认为是中国大陆的中国人民解放军。汉光演习于1984年首度举行，代号为“汉光一号演习”，由时任参谋总长郝柏村上将主持；之后年年举行，仅号次有所更动。为建立全民防卫动员体系，落实全民国防理念，实施动员准备，保障人民权益，中华民国政府于2001年11月14日颁定《全民防卫动员准备法》，作为建构全民防卫动员机制的法源依据。汉光演习前身为中华民国国军与美军顾问团的“中美联合军事演习”，参与演习的军队为位于中华民国国军、美国海军舰队与美军顾问团成员。实施征兵制与后备军人制度的中华民国，联合演习成员除了参演现役军人外，也涵盖预备役。联合军演依例每年举行，中华民国国军并在同时间举行所谓南北军团，以“反攻大陆”攻击型态为主的全国“师对抗”。1979年1月，中国与美国关系出现转折，美国与中华人民共和国建交而与中华民国断交，因此每年举行之联合军演随着《中美共同防御条约》的废止而终止。为因应此情况，中华民国国军于1979年8月首次单独进行全国性作战演习，代号为“汉阳演习”。延续联合军演的汉阳演习虽照例举行，不过因为参谋总长宋长志上将任内的三军并不协调而违背实际军事现实，所以并无显著绩效。1981年12月，陆军总司令郝柏村上将接替海军出身的宋长志上将就任参谋总长后，开始扩大汉阳演习内容，并将形态从攻击调整为防卫。
- 目前，美韩每年进行代号为“鹞鹰”、“关键决断”和“乙支自由卫士”的三大联合演习。此外，两国海陆空三军和海军陆战队也定期进行军事训练，例如“超级雷霆”（详见列表）。特朗普记者会所言是指停止所有联合演习，还是只针对投入战略武器的部分演习尚不清楚，不过这番发言在韩国已引发轩然大波。http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20180614/PDF/a3_screen.pdf
- 俄羅斯國防部長紹伊古周一宣布，俄羅斯將於本月下旬至下月中旬，在遠東地區舉行「東方2018」戰略演習，是俄軍自一九八一年的「西方81」以來最大規模軍演。中國和蒙古將派部隊和指揮部參與，俄羅斯總統普京將會到場觀摩。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20180822/00178_013.html- Saber Strike is an annual international exercise held since 2010 by the United States Army Europe (USAREUR) focused on the Baltic States. The exercise spans multiple locations in Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia and involves approximately 2,000 troops from 14 countries.The exercise trains participants on command and control as well as interoperability with regional partners and consists of a brigade-level command post exercise and computer assisted exercise, as well as company-level field and situational training exercises. It also features the integration of United States close air support (CAS) with partner nation ground forces and the demonstration of United States Expeditionary Medical Support (EMEDS) capability. This theater security cooperation exercise provides commanders and their staffs practical experience in organizing, controlling and supporting coalition operations and allows the United States, NATO and participating nations to demonstrate their own roles in contributing regional and global stability by strengthening international military partnerships, enhancing multinational interoperability and preparing participants for worldwide contingency operations.
- Han Kuang Exercise 汉光演习为中华民国以全国性防卫作战的军事演习，假想敌一般认为是中国大陆的中国人民解放军。汉光演习于1984年首度举行，代号为“汉光一号演习”，由时任参谋总长郝柏村上将主持；之后年年举行，仅号次有所更动。为建立全民防卫动员体系，落实全民国防理念，实施动员准备，保障人民权益，中华民国政府于2001年11月14日颁定《全民防卫动员准备法》，作为建构全民防卫动员机制的法源依据。汉光演习前身为中华民国国军与美军顾问团的“中美联合军事演习”，参与演习的军队为位于中华民国国军、美国海军舰队与美军顾问团成员。实施征兵制与后备军人制度的中华民国，联合演习成员除了参演现役军人外，也涵盖预备役。联合军演依例每年举行，中华民国国军并在同时间举行所谓南北军团，以“反攻大陆”攻击型态为主的全国“师对抗”。1979年1月，中国与美国关系出现转折，美国与中华人民共和国建交而与中华民国断交，因此每年举行之联合军演随着《中美共同防御条约》的废止而终止。为因应此情况，中华民国国军于1979年8月首次单独进行全国性作战演习，代号为“汉阳演习”。延续联合军演的汉阳演习虽照例举行，不过因为参谋总长宋长志上将任内的三军并不协调而违背实际军事现实，所以并无显著绩效。1981年12月，陆军总司令郝柏村上将接替海军出身的宋长志上将就任参谋总长后，开始扩大汉阳演习内容，并将形态从攻击调整为防卫。
- 兩艘美國軍艦周三穿越台灣海峽，時值台灣年度漢光軍演的實兵練習即將舉行前夕，加上大陸與美國近日就貿易戰及封殺華為等事件陷入緊張，北京已就事件向美方表達關切。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190524/00180_008.html
- scmp 10jul19 china in first joint drill with nato nation
- 目前，美韩每年进行代号为“鹞鹰”、“关键决断”和“乙支自由卫士”的三大联合演习。此外，两国海陆空三军和海军陆战队也定期进行军事训练，例如“超级雷霆”（详见列表）。特朗普记者会所言是指停止所有联合演习，还是只针对投入战略武器的部分演习尚不清楚，不过这番发言在韩国已引发轩然大波。http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20180614/PDF/a3_screen.pdf
- 「科瓦里2018」中澳美野戰生存聯合訓練，上周三起在澳洲凱恩斯舉行。中國首次派出海軍陸戰隊參與，包括海軍陸戰隊「兩棲霸王花」分隊的兩名女兵，以及來自「蛟龍突擊隊」的八名男兵，參加各課目的聯合訓練。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20180906/00178_009.html - http://www.arabnews.com/node/1383371/world Japanese troops stormed a beach in the Philippines Saturday in joint exercises with US and Filipino troops that officials said marked the first time Tokyo’s armored vehicles rolled on foreign soil since World War II.
The small Japanese contingent played a humanitarian support role in the drill after US and Filipino marines made an amphibious landing to retake Philippine territory from a “terrorist” group.
- 中國國防部周日公布，中國、馬來西亞及泰國三國軍隊將於周六開始，連續十日於馬來西亞海域舉行「和平友誼－2018」聯合軍事演習。中方表示，此次軍演旨在展現三國軍隊「維護南海地區和平穩定的共同意願」，中國駐港澳部隊皆會派員參加。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20181015/00178_011.html
- 為了抗衡中國在斯里蘭卡的影響力，澳州駐科倫坡大使菲利普周五表示，軍方將於本月二十六日聯同印度、泰國及越南等六個國家，在印度洋海域展開聯合軍事演習。菲利普透露，澳洲將出動一千名士兵、四艘艦艇及一架軍機參與演習。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190316/00180_016.html
- 代號「科瓦里-2019」（KOWARI）的中澳美聯合特種兵演練，自上周三起在澳洲昆士蘭省舉行，於本周三結束。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190905/00180_011.html
- 據中通社報道，俄羅斯「中部-2019」戰略演習將於9月16日至21日在俄羅斯多地展開。由西部戰區部隊及區外配屬力量組成的中方參演部隊和裝備，經過連續多天的分批機動，7日已經全部抵達演習地域。據央視新聞客戶端消息，7日下午3點，參加俄羅斯「中部-2019」戰略演習的最後一個空中梯隊正在陸續抵達俄羅斯奧倫堡軍用機場。至此，參加此次演習的中方參演人員全部抵達演習地域。
http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2019/09/09/a20-0909.pdf
- 俄羅斯於周一起，與中國、印度、巴基斯坦、吉爾吉斯、哈薩克、塔吉克斯坦、烏茲別克七國，展開為期六日、名為「中央-2019」的聯合軍演，旨在打擊國際恐怖主義及維護中亞地區安全穩定。有專家形容是前所未有，亦向美國發出強烈信號。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190921/00180_015.html
- 值得關注的是，中俄軍方均宣布，俄羅斯舉行「中央-2019」演習的課題，就是「多國聯合部隊集群遂行打擊國際恐怖主義任務，維護中亞地區軍事安全」。其中俄羅斯動員逾十萬兵力、超過二萬件武器裝備，還有六百架飛機、十五艘軍艦支援，S300及S400防空導彈系統也對外亮相。此外，另有七個國家參與，除了巴基斯坦、印度、吉爾吉斯、哈薩克、塔吉克斯坦和烏茲別克之外，最受矚目的就是中國，派出一千六百名官兵，各款武器裝備超過三百件，另有三十架戰機參與，包括殲11、飛豹戰機及武裝直升機，兵力規模僅次於東道主俄羅斯，更獨立擔負一個方向的反恐作戰任務，規模龐大引發國際關注。特別是，演習主場地點選擇在靠近伊朗及中亞的俄羅斯奧倫堡州東古茲靶場，明顯針對美國而來。中國國防部部長魏鳳和與俄羅斯總統普京更一同現身視察軍演，雙方均強調中俄加強軍事合作，共同維護地區安全和世界和平。大國博弈，拚的是實力，「真理永遠都在大炮射程之內」，美國雖可獨霸世界，但對中俄軍事結盟所展現的實力，或也不能小覷。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20190923/00184_010.html
- http://tsrus.cn/junshi/2019/09/25/667253
- 代號「太平洋先鋒」的海軍演習周三在美國屬地關島舉行，美國、澳洲、加拿大及南韓派出多艘艦艇參與。參與演習的艦艇展開實彈射擊、聯合機動、防空作戰、反潛作戰及海上補給。美軍第七艦隊司令默茨海軍中將表示，美澳加韓部隊將在演習期間改善多邊合作能力，以應對不斷變化的地區挑戰。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20191122/00180_008.html
- 中國海軍北海艦隊導彈護衞艦濰坊號周日抵達南非開普敦港，參加中國、俄羅斯、南非三國海上聯合軍演，並於周一舉行演習開幕式；另有「神州第一艦」之稱、中國自主研發的唯一一艘051B型導彈驅逐艦深圳號，經改裝後日前亮相。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20191126/00178_002.html
- 伊朗軍方周三宣布周六起一連四日，首次跟中國和俄羅斯在印度洋北部和阿曼灣舉行聯合海上軍演。這次軍演被視為伊朗應對美國跟盟友沙特阿拉伯最近連串軍事部署的舉措。伊朗軍方發言人謝卡奇稱，軍演名為「海上安全地帶」（Maritime Safety Belt），目的是提升區內安全。
https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20191226/00180_013.html
Survelliance
- uk case
- http://www.economist.com/news/britain/21688864-law-governing-intelligence-agencies-being-rewritten-problems-abound-warrants-and
- http://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21688853-britains-planned-law-intelligence-oversight-could-become-example-other
military strategy
- The Samson Option is the name that some military analysts and authors have given to Israel's deterrence strategy of massive retaliation with nuclear weapons as a "last resort" against a country whose military has destroyed much of Israel. Commentators also have employed the term to refer to situations where non-nuclear, non-Israeli actors, have threatened conventional weapons retaliation, such as Yasser Arafat[1] and Hezbollah. The name is a reference to the biblical Israelite judge Samson who pushed apart the pillars of a Philistine temple, bringing down the roof and killing himself and thousands of Philistines who had captured him,[3] crying out "Let me die with the Philistines!" (Judges 16:30).
- https://www.quora.com/If-Alexander-the-Great-Julius-Caesar-Napoleon-Bonaparte-and-Hannibal-fought-in-a-tournament-together-who-would-win
- 騎行（きこう、フランス語: Chevauchée フランス語発音: [ʃəvoʃe]）は、文脈上で「プロムナード（散歩）」か「騎兵の突撃」を意味する。 A chevauchée (French pronunciation: [ʃəvoʃe], "promenade" or "horse charge", depending on context) was a raiding method of medieval warfare for weakening the enemy, primarily by burning and pillaging enemy territory in order to reduce the productivity of a region, as opposed to siege warfare or wars of conquest. The use of the chevauchée declined at the end of the 14th century as the focus of warfare turned to sieges.In the Iberian peninsula, this type of raid was usually called a cabalgada[1] (older spelling: cavalgada). The Ghazi razzia is also considered similar in purpose.The chevauchée could be used as a way of forcing an enemy to fight, or as a means of discrediting the enemy's government and detaching his subjects from their loyalty. This usually caused a massive flight of refugees to fortified towns and castles, which would be untouched by the chevauchée.
mines removal
- 上世紀九十年代南斯拉夫內戰後分裂出數個小國，克羅地亞是其中之一。當地政府為處理內戰期間遺下的數以千計未爆地雷，研究出訓練蜜蜂協助搜尋，而且比搜索犬的表現更佳。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20180616/00180_033.html
attack on embassies
- 美國駐華大使館早前指，多名駐廣州外交人員疑遭「不尋常」、「具壓力」的音頻騷擾，致令身體不適甚或腦損傷。美國傳媒日前報道，聲波攻擊的範圍已擴展至北京及上海的美國設施，華府至今已撤回至少十一名外交人員及家屬返國，作進一步檢查。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20180702/00178_004.html
movement of natural persons
- border control
-denmark
Dictionary of international security http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=txXfqlflnRUC&pg=PA81&lpg=PA81&dq=domestic+intelligence+service+fsb&source=bl&ots=k6Mz7Qdmc6&sig=uHMRv4IruHzbfmVFjISneogYBfE&hl=en&sa=X&ei=CWIuVIqKJsf48AW13YGACg&ved=0CDsQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=domestic%20intelligence%20service%20fsb&f=false
- The Samson Option is the name that some military analysts and authors have given to Israel's deterrence strategy of massive retaliation with nuclear weapons as a "last resort" against a country whose military has destroyed much of Israel. Commentators also have employed the term to refer to situations where non-nuclear, non-Israeli actors, have threatened conventional weapons retaliation, such as Yasser Arafat[1] and Hezbollah. The name is a reference to the biblical Israelite judge Samson who pushed apart the pillars of a Philistine temple, bringing down the roof and killing himself and thousands of Philistines who had captured him,[3] crying out "Let me die with the Philistines!" (Judges 16:30).
- hkej 11sep17 shum article
- https://www.quora.com/If-Alexander-the-Great-Julius-Caesar-Napoleon-Bonaparte-and-Hannibal-fought-in-a-tournament-together-who-would-win
- 騎行（きこう、フランス語: Chevauchée フランス語発音: [ʃəvoʃe]）は、文脈上で「プロムナード（散歩）」か「騎兵の突撃」を意味する。 A chevauchée (French pronunciation: [ʃəvoʃe], "promenade" or "horse charge", depending on context) was a raiding method of medieval warfare for weakening the enemy, primarily by burning and pillaging enemy territory in order to reduce the productivity of a region, as opposed to siege warfare or wars of conquest. The use of the chevauchée declined at the end of the 14th century as the focus of warfare turned to sieges.In the Iberian peninsula, this type of raid was usually called a cabalgada[1] (older spelling: cavalgada). The Ghazi razzia is also considered similar in purpose.The chevauchée could be used as a way of forcing an enemy to fight, or as a means of discrediting the enemy's government and detaching his subjects from their loyalty. This usually caused a massive flight of refugees to fortified towns and castles, which would be untouched by the chevauchée.
mines removal
- 上世紀九十年代南斯拉夫內戰後分裂出數個小國，克羅地亞是其中之一。當地政府為處理內戰期間遺下的數以千計未爆地雷，研究出訓練蜜蜂協助搜尋，而且比搜索犬的表現更佳。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20180616/00180_033.html
attack on embassies
- 美國駐華大使館早前指，多名駐廣州外交人員疑遭「不尋常」、「具壓力」的音頻騷擾，致令身體不適甚或腦損傷。美國傳媒日前報道，聲波攻擊的範圍已擴展至北京及上海的美國設施，華府至今已撤回至少十一名外交人員及家屬返國，作進一步檢查。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20180702/00178_004.html
movement of natural persons
- border control
- https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/east-asia/article/2161397/japan-government-separated-families-deporting-47-foreigners Members of 12 Vietnamese families living in Japan were separated from other family members when the Japanese government deported them in February, according to Justice Ministry documents. Among the affected Vietnamese is Hoang Van Hiep, a 52-year-old man recognised by Tokyo as refugee, who is now living alone with his Japanese-born 5-year-old son after his wife, 46-year-old Nguyen Thi Loan Phuong, was deported along with 46 other Vietnamese aboard a chartered plane. According to the ministry, the deportation of the Vietnamese took place on February 8 on a flight from Haneda airport to Hanoi.
-denmark
- 丹麥近日推出具爭議的難民安置計劃，有犯罪紀錄的難民將會被送往小島隔離，生活將受監控。惟財政部長贊臣（Kristian Jensen）強調，該島不是監獄，難民不會被囚禁。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20181206/00180_017.html
Dictionary of international security http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=txXfqlflnRUC&pg=PA81&lpg=PA81&dq=domestic+intelligence+service+fsb&source=bl&ots=k6Mz7Qdmc6&sig=uHMRv4IruHzbfmVFjISneogYBfE&hl=en&sa=X&ei=CWIuVIqKJsf48AW13YGACg&ved=0CDsQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=domestic%20intelligence%20service%20fsb&f=false
A cantonment (/kænˈtɒnmənt/, /kænˈtoʊnmənt/, or UK: /kænˈtuːnmənt/) is a military or police quarters. The word cantonment derives from the French word canton meaning corner or district. and describes a place during a military campaign, such as winter quarters, where units of an army may be encamped for longer periods than they are during advances and retreats. The term shares an etymological origin with the Swiss Cantons though the meaning has widely diverged. In South Asia, the term cantonment also describes permanent military stations. Cantonments can be found in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, South Africa,[dubious ] Singapore, Malaysia, Ghana, Sri Lanka and Nepal. In United States military parlance, a cantonment is an essentially permanent residential (i.e. barracks) section of a fort or other military installation such as Fort Hood.
In military science, a blockhouse is a small fortification, usually consisting of one or more rooms with loopholes, allowing its defenders to fire in various directions.[1] It usually refers to an isolated fort in the form of a single building, serving as a defensive strong point against any enemy that does not possess siege equipment or, in modern times, artillery, air force and cruise missiles. A fortification intended to resist these weapons is more likely to qualify as a fortress or a redoubt, or in modern times, be an underground bunker. However, a blockhouse may also refer to a room within a larger fortification, usually a battery or redoubt.
publication
- https://www.shephardmedia.com
- Jane's Information Group (often referred to as Jane's) is a British publishing company specialising in military, aerospace and transportation topics. It was acquired in 2007 by IHS Inc., and its open-source intelligence databases and publications continue to be produced under the IHS Jane's and IHS brands.
- prison
In military science, a blockhouse is a small fortification, usually consisting of one or more rooms with loopholes, allowing its defenders to fire in various directions.[1] It usually refers to an isolated fort in the form of a single building, serving as a defensive strong point against any enemy that does not possess siege equipment or, in modern times, artillery, air force and cruise missiles. A fortification intended to resist these weapons is more likely to qualify as a fortress or a redoubt, or in modern times, be an underground bunker. However, a blockhouse may also refer to a room within a larger fortification, usually a battery or redoubt.
publication
- https://www.shephardmedia.com
- Jane's Information Group (often referred to as Jane's) is a British publishing company specialising in military, aerospace and transportation topics. It was acquired in 2007 by IHS Inc., and its open-source intelligence databases and publications continue to be produced under the IHS Jane's and IHS brands.
- prison
- State of the Prisons in England and Wales by john howard https://books.google.com.hk/books/about/The_State_of_the_Prisons_in_England_and.html
event
- The Munich Security Conference (MSC; German: Münchner Sicherheitskonferenz) is an annual conference on international security policy that has taken place in Munich, Bavaria since 1963. Former names are Wehrkundetagung and Münchner Konferenz für Sicherheitspolitik.[1] It is the world's largest gathering of its kind. Over the past four decades the Munich Security Conference has become the most important independent forum for the exchange of views by international security policy decision-makers. Each year it brings together about 350 senior figures from more than 70 countries around the world to engage in an intensive debate on current and future security challenges. The list of attendees includes Heads of States, Governments and International Organizations, Ministers, Members of Parliament, high-ranking representatives of Armed Forces, Science, Civil society as well as Business and Media.
- Defence and Security Equipment International (DSEI) is an arms fair held every two years in London Docklands, which is attended by both arms company representatives and military delegations from around the world. Each time it takes place, it draws protests from campaigners, politicians and civil society – particularly as many of the regimes invited to buy arms are also accused of human-rights abuses and breaching international humanitarian law.Between 1976 and 1991, the British Army Equipment Exhibition and the Royal Navy Equipment Exhibition were held on alternate years in Aldershot and Portsmouth respectively. Overseas delegations attended by invitation only. Despite having been at war with Iran for almost six years, a five-strong delegation from Iraq attended in 1986. In 1993 the two exhibitions were combined and held every other year until the British government decided to privatise the exhibition. Exhibitions company Spearhead launched the first DSEI, then known as Defence and Systems Equipment International, in 1999 at Chertsey in Surrey. In 2001 it moved to its current location at the ExCeL Exhibition Centre in London Docklands. DSEI's name was changed in 2009, replacing the word Systems with Security.In April 2008, DSEI was acquired by Clarion Events. At the same time Clarion also acquired ITEC - a conference and exhibition dedicated to military simulation, training and education - and Latin American Aerospace and Defence. Clarion's organising of DSEI has made it a target of protests. In July 2017, anti-war campaigners wrote 'war starts here' outside the company's office. It was suggested by CAAT (Campaign Against Arms Trade) that former owners Reed Exhibitions' decision to sell followed substantial criticism both from healthcare professionals and academics, as well as criticism from campaigners, over the alleged immoral nature of the arms fair.
- 日本昨日在首都東京附近舉辦「國際海上防衛技術展覽」(MAST)http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2017/06/13/a19-0613.pdf
- defence services asia, malaysia http://www.dsaexhibition.com
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20170812/00192_001.html有軍事奧運會之稱的俄國國際軍事比賽正如火如荼地展開，但俄國為了顯示該國武器的威力，在比賽中不擇手段，處處耍花招，以奪取金牌。
- The Munich Security Conference (MSC; German: Münchner Sicherheitskonferenz) is an annual conference on international security policy that has taken place in Munich, Bavaria since 1963. Former names are Wehrkundetagung and Münchner Konferenz für Sicherheitspolitik.[1] It is the world's largest gathering of its kind. Over the past four decades the Munich Security Conference has become the most important independent forum for the exchange of views by international security policy decision-makers. Each year it brings together about 350 senior figures from more than 70 countries around the world to engage in an intensive debate on current and future security challenges. The list of attendees includes Heads of States, Governments and International Organizations, Ministers, Members of Parliament, high-ranking representatives of Armed Forces, Science, Civil society as well as Business and Media.
- Defence and Security Equipment International (DSEI) is an arms fair held every two years in London Docklands, which is attended by both arms company representatives and military delegations from around the world. Each time it takes place, it draws protests from campaigners, politicians and civil society – particularly as many of the regimes invited to buy arms are also accused of human-rights abuses and breaching international humanitarian law.Between 1976 and 1991, the British Army Equipment Exhibition and the Royal Navy Equipment Exhibition were held on alternate years in Aldershot and Portsmouth respectively. Overseas delegations attended by invitation only. Despite having been at war with Iran for almost six years, a five-strong delegation from Iraq attended in 1986. In 1993 the two exhibitions were combined and held every other year until the British government decided to privatise the exhibition. Exhibitions company Spearhead launched the first DSEI, then known as Defence and Systems Equipment International, in 1999 at Chertsey in Surrey. In 2001 it moved to its current location at the ExCeL Exhibition Centre in London Docklands. DSEI's name was changed in 2009, replacing the word Systems with Security.In April 2008, DSEI was acquired by Clarion Events. At the same time Clarion also acquired ITEC - a conference and exhibition dedicated to military simulation, training and education - and Latin American Aerospace and Defence. Clarion's organising of DSEI has made it a target of protests. In July 2017, anti-war campaigners wrote 'war starts here' outside the company's office. It was suggested by CAAT (Campaign Against Arms Trade) that former owners Reed Exhibitions' decision to sell followed substantial criticism both from healthcare professionals and academics, as well as criticism from campaigners, over the alleged immoral nature of the arms fair.
- Hong Kong is no longer sending a delegation to next week’s DSEI arms fair in London, a month after it emerged that the UK government had invited representatives from the territory to visit. The decision to pull out was confirmed in a parliamentary answer by Graham Stuart, a junior international trade minister, in response to a question from a Labour MP following a report in the Guardian last month. Vicky Foxcroft had asked the international trade secretary, Liz Truss, why Hong Kong had been invited to the arms show, prompting Stuart to say it had “recently confirmed it is not attending”.https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/sep/05/hong-kong-withdraws-delegation-from-dsei-arms-fair-in-london
- 日本昨日在首都東京附近舉辦「國際海上防衛技術展覽」(MAST)http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2017/06/13/a19-0613.pdf
- defence services asia, malaysia http://www.dsaexhibition.com
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20170812/00192_001.html有軍事奧運會之稱的俄國國際軍事比賽正如火如荼地展開，但俄國為了顯示該國武器的威力，在比賽中不擇手段，處處耍花招，以奪取金牌。
- 上周四（10日）在俄羅斯舉行的坦克大賽準決賽中，中國、印度、委內瑞拉和伊朗同場爭入總決賽，印度隊派出印度陸軍最先進的俄製T90S坦克，卻在比賽途中因故障，停在橋前無法動彈。印度隊隨即更換後備坦克繼續比賽，但後備坦克在上斜坡時又止步不前，並冒出大量白煙，最後要由救援車拖出場外。而中國隊的國產96B主戰坦克，雖然一度落後，但最終仍然獲得小組第一，總分排名第三，順利晉級決賽。13aug17 orientaldaily
- The Battle of the Nations is an international historical medieval battles world championship, first held in 2009, in Kharkiv, Ukraine and held in Europe, in April, every year since. It is a full contact competition using metal weapons and a standardized list of rules.[2][3]National teams compete in several standard events, with all being full contact - no stage reenactment battles are included. Teams from up to 25 countries have entered the tournaments.
- The International Medieval Combat Federation, (IMCF) is a global historical full contact sport fighting revival movement, in which combatants use historically accurate reproduction medieval and early modern armour and blunted weapons to engage in competitive fights according to authentic historical tournament rules. Founded in 2013, the organisation now attracts hundred of fighters from 26 countries at various fighting competitions around the world. Most events are open to the public and major competitions are regularly seen by tens of thousands of spectators.[1] The league holds dozens of smaller events throughout the year as well as a world championship competition in which national teams, selected from local or regional clubs in their respective countries, assemble at a suitably historical venue to compete. These events take the character of a medieval tournament, with historical attractions and exhibits beside the competition, as well as market stalls selling historically-themed foods, goods and souvenirs. Competing teams are billeted in reproduction medieval camps and must wear authentic clothing.[2] Somewhat unlike the medieval competition, fighting is exclusively on foot, and strict rules are enforced to ensure the safety of competitors and fairness in the competition. The fighting can be between individuals or teams of up to 16 fighters per side.
- The IMCF was founded in 2013 in response to a dispute between national teams and the organisers of the Battle of the Nations competition, founded three years previously.
- 現今的英國蘇格蘭於一千五百年前孕育皮克特（The Picts）文化，與其他古代族群相同，皮克特人為擴張管治範圍而建立王國，藉武力征服外敵。一千五百年後，來自全球多國的歷史迷周四（10日）重回這塊昔日兵家必爭之地，穿起中世紀服飾、以非致命傳統格鬥運動細味當年墟冚氣氛。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20180512/00180_025.html
- 由俄羅斯主辦的「國際軍事比賽2019」，上周六在莫斯科郊外開幕，並舉行首輪「坦克兩項（越野、射擊）」比賽，中國的參賽隊伍暫時排在小組首名。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190805/00178_003.html
- 為期兩日的二○一九年台北航太暨國防工業展，周四在台北世貿中心舉行，今年共有八十一項武器裝備及研發成果參展，最受矚目的是八輪雲豹M2樣車、新型騰雲大型無人機、「劍翔」反輻射無人機。 https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190815/00178_003.html
- 據中新社報道，中國陸軍承辦「國際軍事比賽-2019」前晚在新疆庫爾勒市民族體育公園舉行閉幕式，賽事組委會宣佈並頒發了庫爾勒賽區比賽項目的團體獎，中國參賽隊包攬4項團體冠軍。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2019/08/19/a16-0819.pdf- 為期兩日的二○一九年台北航太暨國防工業展，周四在台北世貿中心舉行，今年共有八十一項武器裝備及研發成果參展，最受矚目的是八輪雲豹M2樣車、新型騰雲大型無人機、「劍翔」反輻射無人機。 https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190815/00178_003.html
- the The World Drill Championships (WDC) or “Worlds” maintains the finest overall collection of post high school armed exhibition drillers ever assembled in a single location each and every year. Put together and funded each year by drill enthusiast and former nationally-ranked driller Mr. Abdul Al-Romaizan, The welcome all those who feel they are ready for the challenge WDC presents. While the preparation any serious driller undertakes to attend is grueling, WDC is always far more than just a single judged routine. Hosted in conjunction with the thousands of cadets, instructions and family members who attend the damous three-day All-Service National High School Drill Team Championships in Daytona Beach, Florida, WDC has become an entire weekend of total drill immersion.https://worlddrillchampionships.com/about/
- 台灣軍事外交取得重大突破，台軍方證實，台軍儀仗隊明年五月將派出十人前往美國邁阿密，參加世界儀仗隊錦標賽，並首度以「中華民國國防部三軍儀隊」官方名義參加團體賽。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190908/00178_007.html
The Taiyuan 131, a Type 052D guided-missile destroyer carrying a helicopter and 200 crew, set sail from a military port in Zhoushan, east China’s Zhejiang province, state broadcaster CCTV reported on Tuesday, without giving a departure date.The ship is expected to join vessels from the
United States, Australia and India for the multinational fleet review hosted by the Japanese navy – known as the Maritime Self-Defence Force – in Sagami Bay, southwest of Tokyo, on October 15.
South Korea, which is engaged in an increasingly bitter political and trade dispute with Japan, was not invited to take part.
- https://www.scmp.com/news/china/military/article/3033098/xi-jinping-open-military-world-games-china-pla-goes-charm President Xi Jinping is expected to open the Military World Games in central China on Friday, setting the stage for a People’s Liberation Army charm offensive as it seeks to strengthen ties with foreign forces and exert its influence. China is hosting the 10-day sporting event in Wuhan, Hubei province, and soldiers from 140 countries are expected to take part. It will coincide with the three-day Xiangshan Forum – China’s equivalent of the Shangri-La Dialogue in Singapore – to be held on the outskirts of Beijing from Sunday. It comes after China staged a lavish military parade in Beijing to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the People’s Republic on October 1, showcasing some of the PLA’s most advanced weapon systems and strategic weaponry. A Chinese military insider on Tuesday said Xi was expected to kick off the games in Wuhan – a symbolic move by the president as he seeks to boost the PLA’s international profile.http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20191019/PDF/a11_screen.pdf
- 第七屆世界軍人運動會上周五在湖北武漢揭幕，有外媒指解放軍代表隊在周日舉行的男、女子組中距離定向越野比賽項目中作弊，最終被取消資格。主辦機構、國際軍事體育會昨日發表聲明，指有關報道是謠言，中國國防部暫未回應事件。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20191026/00178_005.html
- 邊界合作國際研討會周二在北京開幕，中國、俄羅斯及印度等十五個國家均有派代表出席。官媒報道，中方已與十三個國家劃定邊界，但未與印度和不丹兩國達成共識。中國外交部副部長羅照輝在會上提到，中國已透過和平談判方式，和十二個陸地鄰國解決邊界問題，而劃定邊界約佔陸地邊界線總長度的90%。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20191031/00178_008.html, see also https://www.mfa.gov.cn/web/wjbxw_673019/t1711997.shtml
- security and policing exhibition , farnborough, uk
- security and policing exhibition , farnborough, uk
- Critics slammed the British government on Monday for allowing a US-blacklisted Chinese technology firm specialising in surveillance to join a trade fair on policing and security. “Very disappointing from the UK govt,” tweeted the Munich-based World Uygur Congress, responding to reports that China's Hikvision will attend next month's Security and Policing 2020 exhibition in the southern English town of Farnborough. Hikvision, based in the Chinese city of Hangzhou, employs some 34,000 people worldwide and runs research centres in Britain and Canada. It styles itself as “the world’s leading provider of innovative security products and solutions”, specialising in video surveillance systems.https://www.scmp.com/news/world/europe/article/3051056/britain-slammed-inviting-chinese-surveillance-giant-hikvision
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