founding members
- in the amazing race (season with korey and tyler) episode in switzerland, it was mentioned that there were 10 founding members including netherlands, turkey, liberia etc
The United Nations Office at Vienna (UNOV) is one of the four major office sites of the United Nations[a] where numerous different UN agencies have a joint presence. The office complex is located in Vienna, the capital of Austria, and is part of the Vienna International Centre, a cluster of several major international organizations. UNOV was established on 1 January 1980, and was the third such complex to be created.The United Nations Library in Vienna provides full library and information services to staff of United Nations units based in Vienna, as well as to any Permanent Missions in Vienna and select clients. As part of the global network of United Nations Libraries, the library works with the various United Nations libraries across the globe. The library at Vienna also works closely with the International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Library and the United Nations Information Service (UNIS) Library. The United Nations Office at Vienna (UNOV) was established on 1 January 1980 as the third United Nations Headquarters after New York and Geneva (and before Nairobi). It performs representation and liaison functions with permanent missions to the United Nations (Vienna), the host Government and intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations in Vienna.https://www.unov.org/
- In June 2009 Iran donated a pavilion to the United Nations Office in Vienna, which is located in the central Memorial Plaza of the Vienna International Centre.[6] The Persian Scholars Pavilion at UNOV features statues of four prominent Persian figures. Highlighting Persian architectural features, the pavilion is adorned with Persian art forms and includes the statues of renowned Persian scientists Avicenna, Abu Rayhan Biruni, Zakariya Razi (Rhazes) and Omar Khayyam.
- 中國外交部發言人耿爽昨在例行發布會上透露，中央已提名香港警務處前處長、現任內地國家禁毒委員會副主任曾偉雄，競聘聯合國駐維也納辦公室總幹事兼聯合國毒品和犯罪問題辦公室執行主任。辦公室執行主任屬副秘書長級。有立法會議員表示，副秘書長級職位非比尋常，反映中央以香港專業人才應對國際毒品問題，不但有助打擊中、港、澳三地毒禍，對打擊國際毒梟，以及有組織國際販毒活動亦會有一定貢獻。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20190606/00176_005.html
The United Nations Command (UNC) is the unified command structure for the multinational military forces, established in 1950, supporting South Korea (the Republic of Korea or ROK) during and after the Korean War.The United Nations Command and the Chinese-North Korean Command signed the Korean Armistice Agreement on 27 July 1953, ending the heavy fighting. The armistice agreement established the Military Armistice Commission (MAC), consisting of representatives of the two signatories, to supervise the implementation of the armistice terms, and the Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission (NNSC) to monitor the armistice's restrictions on the parties' reinforcing or rearming themselves. The North Korean-Chinese MAC was replaced by Panmunjom representatives under exclusive North Korean management.[1] Regular meetings have been stopped, although duty officers of the Joint Security Area (commonly known as the Truce Village of Panmunjom) from each side met regularly.[2] On November 6, 2018, it was announced that the UNC would transfer primary guard duties of the now demilitarized Joint Security Area to both North and South Korea.The resolutions suggested the forces under the UNC were "United Nations forces", and the United Nations itself could be considered a belligerent in the war. However, in practice the United Nations exercised no control over the combat forces. These were controlled by the United States, which supplied more men (and suffered more casualties) than any other of the nations which came to the war. Most observers[who?] concluded that the forces under the UNC were not in law United Nations troops, and the acts of the UNC were not the acts of the United Nations. The UNC can be regarded as an alliance of national armies, operating under the collective right of self-defense. United Nations Security Council Resolution 84 authorized the use of the United Nations flag concurrently with the flags of the participating UNC nations.
- 一九五三年，聯合國軍與北韓人民軍及中國人民志願軍一方，簽署停戰協定。日本橫田空軍基地則是聯合國軍後方司令部所在地。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190712/00180_011.html
Legal instruments
- The Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, commonly referred to as the Fourth Geneva Convention and abbreviated as GCIV, is one of the four treaties of the Geneva Conventions. It was adopted in August 1949, and defines humanitarian protections for civilians in a war zone. There are currently 196 countries party to the 1949 Geneva Conventions, including this and the other three treaties. In 1993, the United Nations Security Council adopted a report from the Secretary-General and a Commission of Experts which concluded that the Geneva Conventions had passed into the body of customary international law, thus making them binding on non-signatories to the Conventions whenever they engage in armed conflicts.
- The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), also called the Law of the Sea Convention or the Law of the Sea treaty, is the international agreement that resulted from the third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III), which took place between 1973 and 1982. The Law of the Sea Convention defines the rights and responsibilities of nations with respect to their use of the world's oceans, establishing guidelines for businesses, the environment, and the management of marine natural resources. The Convention, concluded in 1982, replaced four 1958 treaties. UNCLOS came into force in 1994, a year after Guyana became the 60th nation to ratify the treaty. As of June 2016, 167 countries and the European Union have joined in the Convention. It is uncertain as to what extent the Convention codifies customary international law.
- The CMR Convention (full title Convention on the Contract for the International Carriage of Goods by Road) is a United Nations convention that was signed in Geneva on 19 May 1956. It relates to various legal issues concerning transportation of cargo by road. It has been ratified by the majority of European states. As of February 2017, it has been ratified by 44 states. Based on the CMR, the International Road Transport Union (IRU) developed a standard CMR waybill. The CMR waybill is prepared in three languages. On the back is the text again in three languages. This aids the waybill in being accepted and recognised throughout Europe. Checked by customs and police, a transport document must be present when the shipment is transported. The document itself is not prescribed; there is a minimum of information required on the CMR. If hazardous substances are being shipped, some additional information is required, as described in ADR.
- The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) is a multilateral treaty adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on 16 December 1966, and in force from 23 March 1976. It commits its parties to respect the civil and political rights of individuals, including the right to life, freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, electoral rights and rights to due process and a fair trial. As of February 2017, the Covenant has 169 parties and six more signatories without ratification. The ICCPR is part of the International Bill of Human Rights, along with the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). The ICCPR is monitored by the United Nations Human Rights Committee (a separate body to the United Nations Human Rights Council), which reviews regular reports of States parties on how the rights are being implemented. States must report initially one year after acceding to the Covenant and then whenever the Committee requests (usually every four years). The Committee normally meets in Geneva and normally holds three sessions per year.
- The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) is a multilateral treaty adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on 16 December 1966 through GA. Resolution 2200A (XXI), and came in force from 3 January 1976.[1] It commits its parties to work toward the granting of economic, social, and cultural rights (ESCR) to the Non-Self-Governing and Trust Territories and individuals, including labour rights and the right to health, the right to education, and the right to an adequate standard of living. As of September 2018, the Covenant has 169 parties. A further four countries, including the United States, have signed but not ratified the Covenant. The Covenant is monitored by the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.
- Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) is a landmark international treaty whose objective is to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology, to promote cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy and to further the goal of achieving nuclear disarmament and general and complete disarmament. The Treaty represents the only binding commitment in a multilateral treaty to the goal of disarmament by the nuclear-weapon States. Opened for signature in 1968, the Treaty entered into force in 1970. On 11 May 1995, the Treaty was extended indefinitely. A total of 191 States have joined the Treaty, including the five nuclear-weapon States. More countries have ratified the NPT than any other arms limitation and disarmament agreement, a testament to the Treaty’s significance.
- The Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (GCM) is an intergovernmentally negotiated agreement, prepared under the auspices of the United Nations, that describes itself as covering "all dimensions of international migration in a holistic and comprehensive manner". The compact was formally endorsed by the United Nations General Assembly on 19 December 2018.[4] As the Compact is not an international treaty, it will be non-binding under international law. However, it may also have legal implications in some instances; for instance, the Crown Law Office of New Zealand published an opinion as guidance to the New Zealand Government, saying the Compact will not be legally irrelevant, and "courts may be willing...to refer to the Compact and to take the Compact into account as an aid in interpreting immigration legislation"
- the announcement that the United Nations has a record $4.8bn funding gap for its 2009 aid programmes may not strike some observers as news. For the last two decades, in particular, the UN has lurched from one financial crisis to another. Although the size of the latest shortfall is unprecedented, the basic problem is that the world's politicians have consistently failed to stump up the resources that the UN needs to fulfil the tasks that they demand of it or to set up a system of effective managerial oversight and planning in the organisation.https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2009/jul/22/un-budget-shortfall-aid
- The United Nations' financial crisis is undermining the organization's mandates and reform efforts, according to UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres, who called on the international community to fully support the organization. "Despite numerous efforts to contain expenditures this year, we are likely to run out of cash in August and, therefore, borrow from the Working Capital Fund," Guterres told the body responsible for UN budget, earlier this month at the UN headquarters in New York. Presenting his report on improving the organization's financial situation, Guterres noted the level of arrears at the end of 2018 was $529 million, equivalent to more than 20 percent of the year's assessments. And at the end of May, arrears totaled $492 million. "We are at a tipping point and what we do next will matter for years to come," he said. Guterres said even the closed peacekeeping surpluses that they tapped for the first time since 2005 would not be sufficient to cover the deficit. "Our inability to meet payroll and vendor obligations would have catastrophic impacts for our reputation and business continuity," he emphasized.
Personnel
- head
- UN charter chapter 6, 7
Committee of 24
- removed hk and macao from the list of colonial territories in 1972 at prc request and despite opposition from several delegations
The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (often referred to as theInternational Criminal Court Statute or the Rome Statute) is the treaty that established the International Criminal Court (ICC). It was adopted at a diplomatic conference in Rome on 17 July 1998 and it entered into force on 1 July 2002. As of March 2016, 124 states are party to the statute. Among other things, the statute establishes the court's functions, jurisdiction and structure. The Rome Statute established four core international crimes: genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression. Those crimes "shall not be subject to any statute of limitations". Under the Rome Statute, the ICC can only investigate and prosecute the four core international crimes in situations where states are "unable" or "unwilling" to do so themselves. The court has jurisdiction over crimes only if they are committed in the territory of a state party or if they are committed by a national of a state party; an exception to this rule is that the ICC may also have jurisdiction over crimes if its jurisdiction is authorized by the United Nations Security Council.
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20170202/00180_015.html非洲聯盟周二在一個閉門峰會會議上，作出一個沒有約束力的決定，呼籲各成員國集體退出國際刑事法庭（ICC）。非洲國家南非、布隆迪及岡比亞於去年宣布退出ICC，指控ICC是「國際白人法庭」，只起訴非洲國家的元首。報道又引述消息指，絕大部分非洲聯盟的成員國，希望修改成立ICC的《羅馬規約》中，有關豁免權及免於懲處的定義。
The International Law Commission was established by the United Nations General Assembly in 1948 for the "promotion of the progressive development of international law and its codification."
The International Labour Organization (ILO) is a United Nations agency whose mandate is to advance social justice and promote decent work by setting international labour standards.[1] It was the first specialised agency of the UN.
- the Paris Peace Conference that opened on 29 January 1919 established the Commission on International Labour Legislation to draft the constitution of a permanent international organization. The text adopted on 11 and 28 April under the heading “Labour” became Part XIII of the Treaty of Versailles, or the « ILO Constitution ». The Peace Conference adopted the Treaty of Versailles in its entirety on 28 June 1919. Articles 387 to 427 deal with the organization of ILO https://libguides.ilo.org/c.php?g=657806&p=4636553
- important documents:
- in the amazing race (season with korey and tyler) episode in switzerland, it was mentioned that there were 10 founding members including netherlands, turkey, liberia etc
The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN), charged with the maintenance of international peace and security as well as accepting new members to the United Nations[3] and approving any changes to its United Nations Charter. Its powers include the establishment of peacekeeping operations, the establishment of international sanctions, and the authorization of military action through Security Council resolutions; it is the only UN body with the authority to issue binding resolutions to member states. The Security Council held its first session on 17 January 1946. Like the UN as a whole, the Security Council was created following World War II to address the failings of a previous international organization, the League of Nations, in maintaining world peace. In its early decades, the Security Council was largely paralyzed by the Cold War division between the US and USSR and their respective allies, though it authorized interventions in the Korean War and the Congo Crisis and peacekeeping missions in the Suez Crisis, Cyprus, and West New Guinea. With the collapse of the Soviet Union, UN peacekeeping efforts increased dramatically in scale, and the Security Council authorized major military and peacekeeping missions in Kuwait, Namibia, Cambodia, Bosnia, Rwanda, Somalia, Sudan, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. The Security Council consists of fifteen members.[5] The great powers that were the victors of World War II—the Soviet Union (now represented by Russia), the United Kingdom, France, China, and the United States—serve as the body's five permanent members. These permanent members can veto any substantive Security Council resolution, including those on the admission of new member states or candidates for Secretary-General. The Security Council also has 10 non-permanent members, elected on a regional basis to serve two-year terms. The body's presidency rotates monthly among its members. Security Council resolutions are typically enforced by UN peacekeepers, military forces voluntarily provided by member states and funded independently of the main UN budget.
- members
- members
- https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/southeast-asia/article/3013649/vietnam-calls-peace-and-non-proliferation-it-elected Vietnam on Friday was elected to replace outgoing Kuwait to serve on the UN Security Council as a non-permanent member for the Asia-Pacific seat beginning next year and stressed the importance of pursuing its policies of peace and non-proliferation after suffering in the aftermath of war. “As Vietnam went through decades of war, we hope that we can bring to the council the experience of Vietnam, the country that has been able to rebuild the country after the war and deal with many other issues after the war,” Deputy Foreign Minister Le Hoai Trung told reporters after the election was held in the General Assembly hall. The Security Council is charged with the maintenance of international peace and security. Hanoi was endorsed by 192 out of 193 member states in a secret ballot. Leading up to the elections, Vietnam campaigned on key issues such as promoting preventive diplomacy, which put the Southeast nation on the map when it hosted the second summit between US President Donald Trump and North Korean leader Kim Jong-un.
- https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/east-asia/article/2184420/north-korea-accused-illegally-selling-fishing-rights-other A UN panel is expected to accuse North Korea of illegally selling fishing rights to other countries – including China – as a means of generating income in contravention of past Security Council resolutions, diplomatic sources said in advance of an upcoming sanctions report.The panel, which tracks violations of sanctions measures against Pyongyang, is expected to show in its annual report that vessels carrying North Korean fishing licences were operating in waters between the Korean peninsula and its neighbouring countries. The claim is based on information provided by two unnamed member states, though one has been identified as Japan, according to officials in Tokyo.
The United Nations Office at Vienna (UNOV) is one of the four major office sites of the United Nations[a] where numerous different UN agencies have a joint presence. The office complex is located in Vienna, the capital of Austria, and is part of the Vienna International Centre, a cluster of several major international organizations. UNOV was established on 1 January 1980, and was the third such complex to be created.The United Nations Library in Vienna provides full library and information services to staff of United Nations units based in Vienna, as well as to any Permanent Missions in Vienna and select clients. As part of the global network of United Nations Libraries, the library works with the various United Nations libraries across the globe. The library at Vienna also works closely with the International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Library and the United Nations Information Service (UNIS) Library. The United Nations Office at Vienna (UNOV) was established on 1 January 1980 as the third United Nations Headquarters after New York and Geneva (and before Nairobi). It performs representation and liaison functions with permanent missions to the United Nations (Vienna), the host Government and intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations in Vienna.https://www.unov.org/
- In June 2009 Iran donated a pavilion to the United Nations Office in Vienna, which is located in the central Memorial Plaza of the Vienna International Centre.[6] The Persian Scholars Pavilion at UNOV features statues of four prominent Persian figures. Highlighting Persian architectural features, the pavilion is adorned with Persian art forms and includes the statues of renowned Persian scientists Avicenna, Abu Rayhan Biruni, Zakariya Razi (Rhazes) and Omar Khayyam.
- 中國外交部發言人耿爽昨在例行發布會上透露，中央已提名香港警務處前處長、現任內地國家禁毒委員會副主任曾偉雄，競聘聯合國駐維也納辦公室總幹事兼聯合國毒品和犯罪問題辦公室執行主任。辦公室執行主任屬副秘書長級。有立法會議員表示，副秘書長級職位非比尋常，反映中央以香港專業人才應對國際毒品問題，不但有助打擊中、港、澳三地毒禍，對打擊國際毒梟，以及有組織國際販毒活動亦會有一定貢獻。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20190606/00176_005.html
- hkej 22jul19 shum article on suitability of tsang's appointment
- hkej 23jul19 shum article on viability of tsang's appointment as margaret chan 2.0
The United Nations Command (UNC) is the unified command structure for the multinational military forces, established in 1950, supporting South Korea (the Republic of Korea or ROK) during and after the Korean War.The United Nations Command and the Chinese-North Korean Command signed the Korean Armistice Agreement on 27 July 1953, ending the heavy fighting. The armistice agreement established the Military Armistice Commission (MAC), consisting of representatives of the two signatories, to supervise the implementation of the armistice terms, and the Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission (NNSC) to monitor the armistice's restrictions on the parties' reinforcing or rearming themselves. The North Korean-Chinese MAC was replaced by Panmunjom representatives under exclusive North Korean management.[1] Regular meetings have been stopped, although duty officers of the Joint Security Area (commonly known as the Truce Village of Panmunjom) from each side met regularly.[2] On November 6, 2018, it was announced that the UNC would transfer primary guard duties of the now demilitarized Joint Security Area to both North and South Korea.The resolutions suggested the forces under the UNC were "United Nations forces", and the United Nations itself could be considered a belligerent in the war. However, in practice the United Nations exercised no control over the combat forces. These were controlled by the United States, which supplied more men (and suffered more casualties) than any other of the nations which came to the war. Most observers[who?] concluded that the forces under the UNC were not in law United Nations troops, and the acts of the UNC were not the acts of the United Nations. The UNC can be regarded as an alliance of national armies, operating under the collective right of self-defense. United Nations Security Council Resolution 84 authorized the use of the United Nations flag concurrently with the flags of the participating UNC nations.
- 一九五三年，聯合國軍與北韓人民軍及中國人民志願軍一方，簽署停戰協定。日本橫田空軍基地則是聯合國軍後方司令部所在地。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190712/00180_011.html
Legal instruments
- The Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, commonly referred to as the Fourth Geneva Convention and abbreviated as GCIV, is one of the four treaties of the Geneva Conventions. It was adopted in August 1949, and defines humanitarian protections for civilians in a war zone. There are currently 196 countries party to the 1949 Geneva Conventions, including this and the other three treaties. In 1993, the United Nations Security Council adopted a report from the Secretary-General and a Commission of Experts which concluded that the Geneva Conventions had passed into the body of customary international law, thus making them binding on non-signatories to the Conventions whenever they engage in armed conflicts.
- The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), also called the Law of the Sea Convention or the Law of the Sea treaty, is the international agreement that resulted from the third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III), which took place between 1973 and 1982. The Law of the Sea Convention defines the rights and responsibilities of nations with respect to their use of the world's oceans, establishing guidelines for businesses, the environment, and the management of marine natural resources. The Convention, concluded in 1982, replaced four 1958 treaties. UNCLOS came into force in 1994, a year after Guyana became the 60th nation to ratify the treaty. As of June 2016, 167 countries and the European Union have joined in the Convention. It is uncertain as to what extent the Convention codifies customary international law.
- http://www.un.org/depts/los/convention_agreements/convention_overview_convention.htm United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982
- The International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS) is an intergovernmental organization created by the mandate of the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea. It was established by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, signed at Montego Bay, Jamaica, on December 10, 1982. The Convention entered into force on November 16, 1994, and established an international framework for law over "all ocean space, its uses and resources". The tribunal is based in Hamburg, Germany. The Convention also established the International Seabed Authority, with responsibility for the regulation of seabed mining beyond the limits of national jurisdiction, that is beyond the limits of the territorial sea, the contiguous zone and the continental shelf. There are currently 167 signatories, 166 states plus the European Union.
- The CMR Convention (full title Convention on the Contract for the International Carriage of Goods by Road) is a United Nations convention that was signed in Geneva on 19 May 1956. It relates to various legal issues concerning transportation of cargo by road. It has been ratified by the majority of European states. As of February 2017, it has been ratified by 44 states. Based on the CMR, the International Road Transport Union (IRU) developed a standard CMR waybill. The CMR waybill is prepared in three languages. On the back is the text again in three languages. This aids the waybill in being accepted and recognised throughout Europe. Checked by customs and police, a transport document must be present when the shipment is transported. The document itself is not prescribed; there is a minimum of information required on the CMR. If hazardous substances are being shipped, some additional information is required, as described in ADR.
- The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) is a multilateral treaty adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on 16 December 1966, and in force from 23 March 1976. It commits its parties to respect the civil and political rights of individuals, including the right to life, freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, electoral rights and rights to due process and a fair trial. As of February 2017, the Covenant has 169 parties and six more signatories without ratification. The ICCPR is part of the International Bill of Human Rights, along with the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). The ICCPR is monitored by the United Nations Human Rights Committee (a separate body to the United Nations Human Rights Council), which reviews regular reports of States parties on how the rights are being implemented. States must report initially one year after acceding to the Covenant and then whenever the Committee requests (usually every four years). The Committee normally meets in Geneva and normally holds three sessions per year.
- The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) is a multilateral treaty adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on 16 December 1966 through GA. Resolution 2200A (XXI), and came in force from 3 January 1976.[1] It commits its parties to work toward the granting of economic, social, and cultural rights (ESCR) to the Non-Self-Governing and Trust Territories and individuals, including labour rights and the right to health, the right to education, and the right to an adequate standard of living. As of September 2018, the Covenant has 169 parties. A further four countries, including the United States, have signed but not ratified the Covenant. The Covenant is monitored by the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.
- The Constitutional and Mainland Affairs Bureau (CMAB) invites public views on the implementation of the United Nations International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (the Covenant) in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) starting from today (December 24). The Central People's Government (CPG) will submit China's third report under the Covenant. The HKSAR Government will submit its report to the CPG on the implementation of the Covenant in the HKSAR for incorporation as part of China's report.https://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/201812/24/P2018122400397.htm
- Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) is a landmark international treaty whose objective is to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology, to promote cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy and to further the goal of achieving nuclear disarmament and general and complete disarmament. The Treaty represents the only binding commitment in a multilateral treaty to the goal of disarmament by the nuclear-weapon States. Opened for signature in 1968, the Treaty entered into force in 1970. On 11 May 1995, the Treaty was extended indefinitely. A total of 191 States have joined the Treaty, including the five nuclear-weapon States. More countries have ratified the NPT than any other arms limitation and disarmament agreement, a testament to the Treaty’s significance.
- hkej 24aug17 shum article
- 《禁止核武條約》自去年九月廿日開始在聯合國總部呈交各國，假如獲五十個國家簽字，即會在九十天後自動生效。但安理會五個常任理事國周一罕有發表聯合聲明，表明不會簽署。去年七月七日，聯合國大會以一百廿二票贊成，通過該份具法律約束力的條約，要求各國立刻停止所有與核武器相關的活動，包括研發、製造、生產及持有。但當時安理會五大常任理事國，以及德國、日本和澳洲都拒絕參與投票，荷蘭更投了反對票，新加坡則棄權。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20181031/00178_011.html
- The Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (GCM) is an intergovernmentally negotiated agreement, prepared under the auspices of the United Nations, that describes itself as covering "all dimensions of international migration in a holistic and comprehensive manner". The compact was formally endorsed by the United Nations General Assembly on 19 December 2018.[4] As the Compact is not an international treaty, it will be non-binding under international law. However, it may also have legal implications in some instances; for instance, the Crown Law Office of New Zealand published an opinion as guidance to the New Zealand Government, saying the Compact will not be legally irrelevant, and "courts may be willing...to refer to the Compact and to take the Compact into account as an aid in interpreting immigration legislation"
- 巴西極右總統博爾索納羅就任後，其領導的政府亦逐漸摒棄全球主義政策。一名巴西外交人員周二透露，該國已經退出聯合國《全球移民契約》。巴西外長阿勞若日前表示，有關議題應交由各國自行制訂政策處理，而巴西將繼續接收委內瑞拉的難民，但要求該國恢復民主。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190110/00180_010.html
- the announcement that the United Nations has a record $4.8bn funding gap for its 2009 aid programmes may not strike some observers as news. For the last two decades, in particular, the UN has lurched from one financial crisis to another. Although the size of the latest shortfall is unprecedented, the basic problem is that the world's politicians have consistently failed to stump up the resources that the UN needs to fulfil the tasks that they demand of it or to set up a system of effective managerial oversight and planning in the organisation.https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2009/jul/22/un-budget-shortfall-aid
- The United Nations' financial crisis is undermining the organization's mandates and reform efforts, according to UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres, who called on the international community to fully support the organization. "Despite numerous efforts to contain expenditures this year, we are likely to run out of cash in August and, therefore, borrow from the Working Capital Fund," Guterres told the body responsible for UN budget, earlier this month at the UN headquarters in New York. Presenting his report on improving the organization's financial situation, Guterres noted the level of arrears at the end of 2018 was $529 million, equivalent to more than 20 percent of the year's assessments. And at the end of May, arrears totaled $492 million. "We are at a tipping point and what we do next will matter for years to come," he said. Guterres said even the closed peacekeeping surpluses that they tapped for the first time since 2005 would not be sufficient to cover the deficit. "Our inability to meet payroll and vendor obligations would have catastrophic impacts for our reputation and business continuity," he emphasized.
Guterres underscored the solution "lies not only in ensuring that all member states pay in full and on time, but also in putting certain tools in place". He urged member states to put aside political differences and longstanding objections, to recommit to paying their financial obligations on time and in full, and to help solve structural problems that are compounding the organization's liquidity problems.http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/cndy/2019-06/24/content_37483731.htm
Personnel
- head
- http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20160404/PDF/a22_screen.pdf international politics in selection
- Jeffrey David Sachs (/sæks/; born November 5, 1954) is an American economist and director of the Earth Institute at Columbia University, where he holds the title of University Professor, the highest rank Columbia bestows on its faculty. He is known as one of the world's leading experts on economic development and the fight against poverty. Sachs is the Quetelet Professor of Sustainable Development at Columbia's School of International and Public Affairs and a professor of health policy and management at Columbia's School of Public Health. As of 2017 he serves as special adviser to the United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres, on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a set of 17 global goals adopted at a UN summit meeting in September 2015; he held the same position under the previous UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon, and, prior to 2016, a similar advisory position related to the earlier Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).
maintaining peace
- Sachs was raised in Oak Park, a suburb of Detroit, Michigan, the son of Joan (née Abrams) and Theodore Sachs, a labor lawyer.[7] He graduated from Oak Park High School and attended Harvard College, where he received his bachelor of arts summa cum laude in 1976. He went on to receive his MA and Ph.D. in economics from Harvard with his thesis titled Factor Costs and Macroeconomic Adjustment in the Open Economy: Theory and Evidence, and was invited to join the Harvard Society of Fellows while still a Harvard graduate student.
- UN charter chapter 6, 7
- hkej 11sep18 shum article
Committee of 24
- removed hk and macao from the list of colonial territories in 1972 at prc request and despite opposition from several delegations
The International Court of Justice (French: Cour internationale de justice; commonly referred to as theWorld Court or ICJ) is the primary judicial branch of the United Nations (UN). Seated in the Peace Palacein The Hague, Netherlands, the court settles legal disputes submitted to it by states and provides advisory opinions on legal questions submitted to it by duly authorized international branches, agencies, and theUN General Assembly. Established in 1945 by the UN Charter, the Court began work in 1946 as the successor to the Permanent Court of International Justice. The Statute of the International Court of Justice, similar to that of its predecessor, is the main constitutional document constituting and regulating the Court.
The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (often referred to as theInternational Criminal Court Statute or the Rome Statute) is the treaty that established the International Criminal Court (ICC). It was adopted at a diplomatic conference in Rome on 17 July 1998 and it entered into force on 1 July 2002. As of March 2016, 124 states are party to the statute. Among other things, the statute establishes the court's functions, jurisdiction and structure. The Rome Statute established four core international crimes: genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression. Those crimes "shall not be subject to any statute of limitations". Under the Rome Statute, the ICC can only investigate and prosecute the four core international crimes in situations where states are "unable" or "unwilling" to do so themselves. The court has jurisdiction over crimes only if they are committed in the territory of a state party or if they are committed by a national of a state party; an exception to this rule is that the ICC may also have jurisdiction over crimes if its jurisdiction is authorized by the United Nations Security Council.
- usa
- https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/sep/10/john-bolton-castigate-icc-washington-speech John Bolton, the hawkish US national security adviser, has threatened the international criminal court (ICC) with sanctions and made an excoriating attack on the institution in a speech in Washington. Bolton pushed for sanctions over an ICC investigation into alleged American war crimes in Afghanistan. He also announced on Monday the closure of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) office in Washington because of its calls for an ICC inquiry into Israel.
- hkej 19sep18 shum article
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20170223/00180_021.html南非去年宣布退出國際刑事法庭（ICC），國內反對黨民主聯盟入稟法院挑戰這個決定。當地高等法院昨日裁定，政府此舉屬違憲。暫時未知政府會否就裁決提出上訴。
- ft 26sep18 Five Latin American countries will ask the International Criminal Court to investigate Venezuela
The International Law Commission was established by the United Nations General Assembly in 1948 for the "promotion of the progressive development of international law and its codification."
The International Labour Organization (ILO) is a United Nations agency whose mandate is to advance social justice and promote decent work by setting international labour standards.[1] It was the first specialised agency of the UN.
- the Paris Peace Conference that opened on 29 January 1919 established the Commission on International Labour Legislation to draft the constitution of a permanent international organization. The text adopted on 11 and 28 April under the heading “Labour” became Part XIII of the Treaty of Versailles, or the « ILO Constitution ». The Peace Conference adopted the Treaty of Versailles in its entirety on 28 June 1919. Articles 387 to 427 deal with the organization of ILO https://libguides.ilo.org/c.php?g=657806&p=4636553
- important documents:
- **********singapore (independent fomr 1965) hosted the international labour conference in oct 1965 with the construction of an ultra modern conference hall and trade union house. To find out the deliverables of the conference.
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO; French: Organisation des Nations unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture, Italian: Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite per l'Alimentazione e l'Agricoltura) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that leads international efforts to defeat hunger. Serving both developedand developing countries, FAO acts as a neutral forum where all nations meet as equals to negotiate arguments and debate policy. FAO is also a source of knowledge and information, and helps developing countries in transition, modernize and improve agriculture, forestry and fisheries practices, ensuring good nutrition and food security for all. Its Latin motto, fiat panis, is translated as "let there be bread". As of August 2018, The FAO has 197 member states, including the European Union (a "member organization"), Niue and The Cook Islands (States in free-association with New Zealand), and the Faroe Islands and Tokelau, which are associate members.
- The idea of an international organization for food and agriculture emerged in the late 19th and early 20th century advanced primarily by the US agriculturalist and activist David Lubin. In May–June 1905, an international conference was held in Rome, Italy, which led to the creation of the International Institute of Agriculture by the King of Italy Victor Emmanuel III. Later in 1943, the United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt called a United Nations Conference on Food and Agriculture. Representatives from forty-four governments gathered at The Homestead Resort in Hot Springs, Virginia, US, from 18 May to 3 June. They committed themselves to founding a permanent organization for food and agriculture, which happened in Quebec City, Canada, on 16 October 1945 with the conclusion of the Constitution of the Food and Agriculture Organization.[3] The First Session of the FAO Conference was held in the Château Frontenac in Quebec City from 16 October to 1 November 1945. World War II effectively ended the International Agricultural Institute, though it was only officially dissolved by resolution of its Permanent Committee on 27 February 1948. Its functions were then transferred to the recently established FAO.
- WTO
- http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/e5f54c56-a329-11e5-bc70-7ff6d4fd203a.html letter by Jomo Kwame Sundaram, Coordinator for Economic and Social Development Most developing countries want the Round to continue in order to fulfil the promises made in 2001 to revive multilateral trade negotiations after the Seattle ministerial walkout. The Doha “Development” Round began with expectations of rectifying the anti-developmental outcomes of the previous Uruguay Round in order to realise at least some of their developmental aspirations. Since the Round began, some OECD countries have been unwilling to make any meaningful concessions, thus effectively undermining the Round. Ending it now without any acceptable concessions for development is thus seen as enabling developed countries to effectively renege on earlier promises made to get developing countries back to the negotiating table. The threat to abandon the Doha Round is already being used to extract more concessions from developing countries. Instead, the fastest and surest way to end the current Round is to keep the promises that brought developing countries back to the negotiating table at Doha in order to enable trade policy to better contribute to development including food security.
The Universal Postal Union (UPU, French: Union postale universelle), established by the Treaty of Bern of 1874,[1] is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) that coordinates postal policies among member nations, in addition to the worldwide postal system. The UPU contains four bodies consisting of the Congress, the Council of Administration (CA), the Postal Operations Council (POC) and the International Bureau (IB). It also oversees the Telematics and Express Mail Service (EMS) cooperatives. Each member agrees to the same terms for conducting international postal duties. The UPU's headquarters are located in Bern, Switzerland. French is the official language of the UPU. English was added as a working language in 1994. The majority of the UPU's documents and publications – including its flagship magazine, Union Postale – are available in the United Nations' six official languages (French, English, Arabic, Chinese, Russian, and Spanish).
- The Postal Union Congress is the main international meeting of the Universal Postal Union, used to discuss various issues affecting international postal services, such as legislation, the political climate, and other strategic issues. The first congress was held in Bern, Switzerland in 1874, and was attended by delegates from 22 countries, most of them European. The meetings are normally held every four years, although both World Wars have caused cancellations. Delegates are usually presented with special albums of stamps by the other participating countries, to cover the period since the previous congress.
- The Trump administration will begin withdrawing from a United Nations treaty that offered low rates for foreign postal deliveries of small packages in the US – the latest move to challenge practices it sees as unfairly advantageous to China. White House officials said on Wednesday the US would start the process of leaving the Universal Postal Union (UPU), a Switzerland-based organisation that connects postal services worldwide. The White House said the UPU enabled foreign postal services to take advantage of cheap shipments to the US, creating an unfair cost advantage over US companies that shipped goods, and hurting the US Postal Service. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/oct/17/trump-universal-postal-union-withdraw-foreign-postal-rates- The Postal Union Congress is the main international meeting of the Universal Postal Union, used to discuss various issues affecting international postal services, such as legislation, the political climate, and other strategic issues. The first congress was held in Bern, Switzerland in 1874, and was attended by delegates from 22 countries, most of them European. The meetings are normally held every four years, although both World Wars have caused cancellations. Delegates are usually presented with special albums of stamps by the other participating countries, to cover the period since the previous congress.
- ft 12sep19 change the unfair international postal rate system now
Unctad
- recruit Director of the Division on International Trade on Goods and Services, and Commodities, D2 4 feb 2017 economist
- china
- Wu chia huang (spoke flawless english), liu hsien ming (spoke flawless french)
Unhrc
- http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0ce7880c-684b-11e5-a57f-21b88f7d973f.htmlThe UK initiated a secret deal with Saudi Arabia to ensure both states wereelected to the UN human rights councilhttp://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/uk-and-saudi-arabia-made-secret-deal-to-exchange-votes-for-human-rights-council-seats-leaked-a6673491.htmlBritain allegedly helped Saudi Arabia's controversial election to the UN human rights council (UNHRC) through a secret vote-trading deal, leaked diplomatic cables have reportedly shown. Saudi foreign ministry files, among 61,000 documents released by Wikileaks, reportedly refer to talks with British diplomats ahead of a November 2013 vote in New York and have been translated byGeneva-based human rights organisation UN Watch. The classified exchanges, published by The Australian newspaper, allegedly suggest the UK initiated the secret negotiations by asking Saudi Arabia for its support.
UNIDO
- http://europe.chinadaily.com.cn/epaper/2016-11/18/content_27414659.htmIn a span of 50 years, UN development organization has seen China transformed - from waking giant to green trailblazer. Fifty years ago, the United Nations Industrial Development Organization was created to support developing countries in their quest for industrialization after the process of decolonization had doubled their number in the UN General Assembly. China has been a strong partner and supporter of UNIDO throughout. The 50th anniversary of UNIDO invites us to reflect on this partnership - to look back and also take a glance at the future.
Cooperation between China and UNIDO began in 1972 after the People's Republic of China became the lawful representative of the Chinese people in the UN system. Since then there have been three broad phases of cooperation. Each was a response to historical developments within China at the time. With each phase, this cooperation has been strengthened.
UNDP (development programme)
- http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/cndy/2016-12/01/content_27533011.htm The United Nations Development Program (UNDP) and China's largest home appliancesupplier, Haier Group, announced on Tuesday that they will work together to offer qualitydrinking water in China's rural areas. Both parties established a strategic partnership and signed a memorandum of understandingin Qingdao, in East China's Shandong province, where Haier Group is headquartered.
Unesco
- 美國國務院周四突然宣布，將正式退出聯合國教育、科學及文化組織（UNESCO），理由是該組織存在反以色列的偏見，UNESCO博科娃（Irina Bokova）對華府的決定感到非常遺憾。美國有份創立UNESCO，但於一九八四年退出該組織，指它財政管理不善及政策反美。美國於○二年宣布重返UNESCO，但又於九年後以該組織接納以色列「死敵」巴勒斯坦為成員國，停止向它發放資金。美國現時拖欠UNESCO約四十三億港元。orientaldaily 13oct17, The withdrawal decision comes as UNESCO members are voting on a replacement for Bokova. Qatar’s Hamad bin Abdulaziz al-Kawari is leading France’s Audrey Azoulay and Egyptian hopeful Moushira Khattab in the first voting rounds. Israeli officials and American Jewish groups have expressed concerns about Kawari for what they have said is a record of fostering anti-Semitism.After the 1984 withdrawal, for what was described as pro-Soviet Union bias, the U.S. didn’t rejoin until 2002 when the George W. Bush administration said it wanted to emphasize a message of international cooperation. “America will participate fully in its mission to advance human rights, tolerance and learning,” Bush said at the time. Tensions have returned in recent years. Israel recalled its ambassador to the Paris-based organization last year after some governments supported a resolution that denounced Israel’s policies on religious sites in East Jerusalem and the West Bank. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2017/10/12/u-s-withdraws-from-unesco-the-u-n-s-cultural-organization-citing-anti-israel-bias/?utm_term=.f0aaeea39ff2
- tongzhou incident
- Taking issue with moves that they say besmirch Japan's honor, private groups in Japan and the United States have applied to register documents and testimonies on "comfort women" and the 1937 slaying of Japanese nationals in China with UNESCO’s Memory of the World Register. The documents read that the Imperial Japanese Army treated comfort women in an orderly manner. The testimonies state that many Japanese people were killed in China in the Tongzhou Incident of 1937. The application was announced June 3 by people associated with the Japan Society for History Textbook Reform. The groups included “Nadesiko Action” in Japan and the “Study Group for Japan’s Rebirth” in the United States. Different groups have also applied for the registration of documents and testimonies on comfort women on the UNESCO’s Memory of the World Register as “negative heritage.” The groups include one that consists of private organizations in eight countries and regions such as Japan, China and South Korea. The documents and testimonies include archives and trial records of former Japanese and allied forces, as well as statements by former comfort women. The UNESCO Memory of the World Register was established in 1992 with the aim of preserving historical documents.http://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/AJ201606040026.html
- The basic objectives of South-South collaboration, according to the Buenos Aires Plan of Action (BAPA) for Promoting and Implementing Technical Cooperation among Developing Countries endorsed by the General Assembly in 1978 (resolution 33/134)
The United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) is a multilateral treaty negotiated by member states of the United Nations (UN) and promoted by the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). It is one of several legally binding international anti-corruption agreements. UNCAC requires state parties to the treaty to implement several anti-corruption measures that focus on five main areas: prevention, law enforcement, international cooperation, asset recovery, and technical assistance and information exchange. UNCAC's goal is to reduce various types of corruption that can occur across country borders, such as trading in influence and abuse of power, as well as corruption in the private sector, such as embezzlement and money laundering. Another goal of the UNCAC is to strengthen international law enforcement and judicial cooperation between countries by providing effective legal mechanisms for international asset recovery. The Conference of the States Parties to the UNCAC provides participating countries with resources and assistance to improve implementation of the obligations set forth by the Convention.
The United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC; French: Conseil économique et social des Nations unies, CESNU) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations, responsible for coordinating the economic, social, and related work of 15 UN specialized agencies, their functional commissions and five regional commissions. The ECOSOC has 54 members. It holds one four-week session each year in July, and since 1998, it has also held an annual meeting in April with finance ministers heading key committees of the World Bankand the International Monetary Fund (IMF).ECOSOC serves as the central forum for discussing international economic and social issues and formulating policy recommendations addressed to member states and the United Nations system.[3] A number of non-governmental organisations have been granted consultative status to the Council to participate in the work of the United Nations.
- regional commissions
- United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (ECE)
- United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (ECA)
- The United Nations Economic Commission for Africa has forged a partnership this month with Ant Financial of China to promote financial inclusion in the continent. http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/201808/27/WS5b838850a310add14f387f81.html
- United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)
- United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)
- United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)
ESCAP
- The Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement (APTA), previously named the Bangkok Agreement, was signed in 1975 as an initiative of ESCAP. Being the oldest preferential trade agreement among developing countries in Asia-Pacific, APTA aims to promote economic development through the adoption of mutually beneficial trade liberalization measures that will contribute to intra-regional trade expansion and provides for economic integration through coverage of merchandise goods, services, investment and trade facilitation.
- 據中新社報道，中國國務院關稅稅則委員會昨日對外公佈消息，自2018年7月1日起，對原產於孟加拉國、印度、老撾、韓國、斯里蘭卡的進口貨物適用《〈亞洲-太平洋貿易協定〉第二修正案》協定稅率。《亞洲-太平洋貿易協定》協定稅率表公佈了8,549項商品的稅率，部分商品將從7月1日起，實施比最惠國稅率更低的協定稅率。其中，黃大豆、黑大豆、青大豆、其他大豆、其他油菜子等協定稅率為0。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2018/06/27/a17-0627.pdfA total of 8,549 types of goods originating in India, South Korea, Bangladesh, Laos and Sri Lanka will have tariffs reduced or cut to zero. The goods include chemicals, agricultural and medical products, clothing, steel and aluminum products under the second amendment of the Asia Pacific Trade Agreement, the Customs Tariff Commission of the State Council announced on Tuesday.http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/201806/27/WS5b32a724a3103349141def39.html
- technical assistance and capacity-building initiatives of escap in trade policy
- [pamphlet published in 2002] following the 7th session of standing committee of bangkok agreement in oct2001, follow-up actions in 2002 included establishing a ministerial council and assisting member countries in expanding the membership and broadening its scope. On supporting subregional and inter-subregional economic cooperation mechanisms, ESCAP will continue to support the bangladesh-india-myanmar-sri lanka-thailand economic cooperation (BIMST-EC) mechanism and the joint special programme for economies of central asia (SPECA) with the economic commission for europe
Ecosoc
- china energy fund committee has special consultative status
The United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women, also known as UN Women, is a United Nations entity working for the empowerment of women. UN Women became operational in January 2011.[2] President of Chile Michelle Bachelet was the inaugural Executive Director, and Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka is the current Executive Director.[1] As with UNIFEM previously, UN Women is a member of the United Nations Development Group.In response to the UN General Assembly resolution 63/311, in January 2006 the Secretary-General presented the report A/64/588, entitled Comprehensive Proposal for the Composite Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women. In his report, the Secretary-General resolved that, rather than relieving other parts of the United Nations system of their responsibility for contributing to the promotion of gender equality and women's empowerment, the new entity should seek to sharpen the focus and impact of the gender equality activities of the entire United Nations system. Additionally, Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon estimated that approximately $125 million per annum were needed for operating costs and "start-up" capacity at the country, regional, and headquarters levels. Moreover, an additional $375 million per annum were needed in the initial phase to respond to country level requests for programmatic support.
- hk
- 立法會紡織及製衣界前議員梁劉柔芬獲聯合國嘉許，入選「She Innovates Global Programme」全球一百位女性企業家及創新者，表揚佢嘅企業家精神。其實，梁劉柔芬無論喺業界定喺社會公職上，都非常關心青少年同婦女事務，強調自己相信知識改變命運，期望年輕人可以藉住潛能發光發亮，貢獻社會。「She Innovates Global Programme」係由聯合國婦女權能署（UN Women）聯同Global Innovation Coalition for Change（GICC）於二○一九年啟動，旨在提供平台畀女性可以跨越障礙、爭取性別平等、改變社會上嘅刻板印象。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20190314/00176_085.html
- 美國國務院周二指控聯合國人口基金（UNFPA）支持中國透過強制墮胎控制人口，宣布將停止資助。這是美國連續第三年拒絕資助，國務卿蓬佩奧認為中方的家庭計劃政策，仍然涉及強制墮胎及非自願絕育，在美國法律之下符合停止資助的條件。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190718/00180_004.html
nuclear agreement
- French President Emmanuel Macron said it would be a mistake to pull out of the 2015 nuclear pact between Iran and world powers after the Trump administration indicated it had objections to aspects of the deal.https://www.reuters.com/article/us-iran-nuclear-un-france/frances-macron-says-mistake-to-pull-out-of-iran-nuclear-deal-idUSKCN1BV223; Hitting back at US President Donald Trump's threat to scrap the 2015 deal, Rouhani told the UNGeneral Assembly that the deal had won global support and that its fate could not be decided by "one or two countries".http://www.france24.com/en/20170920-iran-united-nations-rouhani-defends-nuclear-deal-against-rogue-newcomers-trump; The French government will use meetings at the UN this week to try to persuade Donald Trump not to abandon the nuclear agreement with Iran, warning that the deal’s collapse would trigger a “spiral of proliferation” in the Middle East, the French foreign minister said. Jean-Yves Le Drian said that Iran was abiding by the terms of the 2015 deal, and that verification measures were being “strictly implemented” by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Donald Trump, however, has claimed that Tehran has violated the deal, at least “in spirit” and has threatened he would not certify Iranian compliance when the state department is required to report on its implementation on 15 October.https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/sep/18/france-trump-iran-nuclear-deal-jean-yves-le-drian
- With the North Korean nuclear crisis looming large, 51 countries on Wednesday were to sign a new treaty outlawing nuclear weapons that has been fiercely opposed by the United States and other nuclear powers.
The treaty on the prohibition of nuclear weapons was adopted by 122 countries at the United Nations in July following negotiations led by Austria, Brazil, Mexico, South Africa and New Zealand.
None of the nine countries that possess nuclear weapons -- the United States, Russia, Britain, China, France, India, Pakistan, North Korea and Israel -- took part in the negotiations.
UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres formally opened a signing ceremony at the United Nations, hailing it as a milestone as the first multilateral disarmament treaty in more than two decades.
But Guterres acknowledged that much work was needed to rid the world of its stockpile of 15,000 atomic warheads.
"Today we rightfully celebrate a milestone. Now we must continue along the hard road towards the elimination of nuclear arsenals," said Guterres. The treaty will enter into force when 50 countries have ratified it.
Brazilian President Michel Temer was the first to sign the treaty during the ceremony held on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly. Read more at:
indigenous people
- By resolution 49/214 of 23 December 1994, the United Nations General Assembly decided that the International Day of the World's Indigenous Peoples shall be observed on 9 August every year. The date marks the day of the first meeting, in 1982, of the UN Working Group on Indigenous Populations of the Sub-Commission on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights.http://www.un.org/en/events/indigenousday/background.shtml
UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination
- A United Nations committee has asked the Hong Kong government to show proof that its education policies have helped ethnic minority pupils integrate into society, instead of causing “social marginalisation and segregation”. The question was raised on Monday when Hong Kong officials, part of a Chinese delegation in Geneva, Switzerland, met with the UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination that is made up of international human rights experts. Committee member Verene Shepherd asked how the government planned to “accelerate the teaching of Chinese in Hong Kong, so then non-Chinese speaking students can be integrated to avoid social marginalisation and segregation”.During a three-hour hearing mostly about Xinjiang and Tibet, Hong Kong’s Under Secretary for Constitutional and Mainland Affairs Andy Chan Shui-fu did not respond in great detail but referred Shepherd to the government’s written reply, which said it had instituted a new Chinese teaching framework four years ago, and given between HK$800,000 (US$102,000) and HK$1.5 million (US$191,000) per year to schools, depending on the number of non-Chinese-speaking pupils they have. https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/education/article/2159545/un-committee-tells-hong-kong-show-proof-education-policy
- 呢個委員會係檢視中國、香港及澳門嘅人權紀錄，今次就分開兩個會議，分別喺上周五及本周一舉行，由陳帥夫帶隊嘅港府代表團，就要喺周一嘅會議上答辯。同時，卿姐就聯同香港人權監察總幹事羅沃啟、香港融樂會等多個組織一行十幾人以非政府組織身份出席會議，實行監察港府代表團表現。尋日卿姐召開記者會，鬧爆港府代表團喺會議上答非所問，冇就委員提問作詳盡解釋，求求其其咁回應問題之餘，仲叫委員睇完書面回應先再提問。羅沃啟就鬧爆港府代表團表現離晒譜，仲形容係最差嘅團隊，事關一直都冇公開份書面回應，後來睇番先發現份文件喺今年六月出過，啲資料完全冇更新過。鬧完開會表現，之後卿姐就踢爆，話喺答辯會議前一日同部分成員去法國阿爾卑斯山沙莫尼勃朗峰（Chamonix Mont Blanc）旅行期間，喺旅遊巴士上就撞見陳帥夫同姨甥女一齊，而對方仲話係做完嘢先決定去玩，點知翌日（周一答辯會議）就表現咁差，所以要求政府開記者會交代今次開會情況。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20180818/00176_087.html
- A UN committee has pressed the Hong Kong government to show proof of its claim that racial discrimination is not a “prevalent or serious problem” in the city, calling on it to submit figures on the number of investigations and sanctions on hate speech and crimes.https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/society/article/2162329/un-committee-against-racial-discrimination-presses-hong-kong
Refugee
- The 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees is the key legal document in defining who is a refugee, their rights and the legal obligations of states. The 1967 Protocol removed geographical and temporal restrictions from the Convention.
- Created in December 1949, the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) is a relief and human development agency which supports more than 5 million registered Palestinian refugees, and their descendants, who fled or were expelled from their homes during the 1948 Palestine war as well as those who fled or were expelled during and following the 1967 Six Day war.[2][3] Originally intended to provide jobs on public works projects and direct relief, today UNRWA provides education, health care, and social services to the population it supports. Aid is provided in five areas of operation: Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, including East Jerusalem;[4] aid for Palestinian refugees outside these five areas is provided by UNHCR. It also provided relief to Jewish and Arab Palestine refugees inside the state of Israel following the 1948 conflict until the Israeli government took over responsibility for Jewish refugees in 1952. In the absence of a solution to the Palestine refugee problem, the General Assembly has repeatedly renewed UNRWA's mandate, most recently extending it until 30 June 2017. UNRWA is the only agency dedicated to helping refugees from a specific region or conflict and is separate from UNHCR.
- The UN agency which serves Palestinian refugees and their descendants has said it is launching a global fund-raising appeal to help make up for cuts announced by the US government. The call comes a day after the Trump administration suspended 65 million dollars (£45 million) for UNRWA, calling for a “fundamental re-examination”. The US provides roughly a third of UNRWA’s budget, and the agency has warned that it now faces the “most dramatic financial crisis” in its near 70-year history.https://www.independent.ie/world-news/palestinian-refugee-agency-seeks-donations-after-us-cuts-36499963.html
Ship ban
- The United Nations Security Council has banned four ships from ports globally for carrying coal from North Korea, including one vessel that also had ammunition, but the United States postponed a bid to blacklist four others pending further investigation.https://www.reuters.com/article/us-northkorea-missiles-un/u-n-bans-four-ships-over-north-korea-coal-u-s-delays-four-more-idUSKBN1CF2MV
south south cooperation
- 南南合作金融中心、清华大学五道口金融学院、联合国南南合作办公室本周在港举办“一带一路：资金融通与信用支持”论坛，针对沿线各国发展融资、金融支持、信用保障等政策差异分享经验，探讨发展中国家多元、多渠道的金融合作解决方案。http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20171215/PDF/b3_screen.pdf
Media
- The Media Accreditation and Liaison Unit (M.A.L.U.) provides logistical support and information to members of the press http://www.un.org/en/media/accreditation/
- Inner City Press[1] is a public interest organization founded by Matthew Lee, who serves as Executive Director.
- Matthew Lee is an American public interest lawyer, author, and founder of two non-profit organizations, Inner City Press and Fair Finance Watch.Lee is the author of the non-fiction book Predatory Lending: Toxic Credit in the Global Inner City and the novel Predatory Bender. Lee is also an accredited journalist at the United Nations.Lee was born in Washington, D.C., to parents of Chinese and Anglo descent. His father was in the U.S. Foreign Service.
- 專門報道聯合國新聞的Inner City Presshttp://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20171124/00176_002.html
- http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-07/13/c_137320643.htm UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres Thursday announced the launch of a High-level Panel on Digital Cooperation, appointing Jack Ma of Alibaba Group and Melinda Gates of Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to co-chair it. "The scale, spread and speed of change made possible by digital technologies is unprecedented, but the current means and levels of international cooperation are unequal to the challenge," Guterres said. In addition, he noted digital technologies make a significant contribution to the realization of the Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda, and that "they cut uniquely across international boundaries."
Group of 77
- The Group of 77 (G77) at the United Nations is a loose coalition of developing nations, designed to promote its members' collective economic interests and create an enhanced joint negotiating capacity in the United Nations.[1] There were 77 founding members of the organization, but by November 2013 the organization had since expanded to 134 member countries. Thailand holds the Chairmanship for 2016. The group was founded on 15 June 1964, by the "Joint Declaration of the Seventy-Seven Countries" issued at the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD).[3]The first major meeting was in Algiers in 1967, where the Charter of Algiers was adopted and the basis for permanent institutional structures was begun. There are Chapters of the Group of 77 in Geneva (UN), Rome (FAO), Vienna (UNIDO), Paris (UNESCO), Nairobi (UNEP) and theGroup of 24 in Washington, D.C. (International Monetary Fund and World Bank).
democracy
- In 2007 the United Nations General Assemblyresolved to observe 15 September as the International Day of Democracy—with the purpose of promoting and upholding the principles of democracy—and invited all member states and organizations to commemorate the day in an appropriate manner that contributes to raising public awareness. In September 1997 the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) adopted a Universal Declaration on Democracy.[2] That Declaration affirms the principles of democracy, the elements and exercise of democratic government, and the international scope of democracy. The international conferences on new and restored democracies[3] (ICNRD process) began in 1988 under the initiative of President Corazon C. Aquino of the Philippines after the so-called peaceful "People Power Revolution" overthrew the 20-year dictatorship of Ferdinand Marcos. Initially an inter-governmental forum, the ICNRD process developed into a tripartite structure with participation of governments, parliaments and civil society. The sixth conference (ICNRD-6) that took place in Doha, Qatar, in 2006 reinforced the tripartite nature of the process and concluded with a declaration and Plan of Action which reaffirmed the fundamental principles and values of democracy. Following up on the outcome of ICNRD-6, an advisory board set up by the chair of the process – Qatar – decided to promote an International Day of Democracy. Qatar took the lead in drafting the text of a United Nations General Assembly resolution and convened consultations with UN member states. At the suggestion of the IPU, 15 September (date of the Universal Declaration on Democracy) was chosen as the day when the international community would celebrate each year the International Day of Democracy. The resolution entitled "Support by the United Nations system of efforts of Governments to promote and consolidate new or restored democracies",[4]was adopted by consensus on 8 November 2007.
Association
- The United Nations Associations are non-governmental organizations that exist in various countries to enhance the relationship between the people of member states and the United Nations to raise public awareness of the UN and its work, to promote the general goals of the UN.
Their long-term concerns comprise:
- The implementation of the Millennium Development Goals
- Peace, security and disarmament
- Human rights and humanitarian affairs
There are currently over 120 UNAs around the world. The secretariats for the World Federation of United Nations Associations are located in Geneva, Seoul, and New York.
The United Nations University (国際連合大学Kokusai rengō daigaku?), (UNU), established in 1973, is the academic and research arm of theUnited Nations. It is headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, with diplomatic status as a UN institution. Since 2010, UNU has been authorized by the UN General Assembly to grant degrees. It also provides a bridge between the UN and the international academic, policy-making and private sector communities.
struggle against big brothers?
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20170103/00192_001.html 聯合國大會日前通過多項決議，但美國、英國等對四項與人權事務相關的決議草案均投反對票。美英一向以人權衞士自居，經常對其他國家的人權問題指手畫腳，卻公開反對大多數國家投贊成票的人權決議，乍看有些意外，但仔細看這些決議就會知道，美英反對完全正常。第一個是題為「人權與單方面脅迫措施」的決議草案，敦促所有國家停止採取或執行任何不符合國際法、國際人道主義法、《聯合國憲章》以及指導國家間和平關係的規範和原則的單方面措施，譴責以虛假藉口將會員國列入單方面名單。很明顯，這項決議針對的，正是美國每年發布的所謂人權報告。第二個是題為「發展權」的決議草案，指出貧窮是對人類尊嚴的侮辱，歷史上的不公正等因素助長了貧窮、發展不足、邊緣化、社會排斥、經濟差距、不穩定和不安全狀況。在落實《二○三○年議程》時，發展權應處於中心位置。美英經常以人權高於發展權為理由干涉他國內政，他們絕不可能贊成這個決議。第三個是題為「促進建立一個民主和公平的國際秩序」的決議草案，宣告民主的內涵包括尊重所有人權和基本自由的普世價值觀，強調企圖以武力推翻合法政府會破壞民主憲政，並阻礙人權的充分享受。這一決議可說是為美英量身打造。綜觀當今世界，經常以武力手段推翻他國合法政府的，就是美英等西方國家，這一決議就是阻止他們肆意妄為，他們當然要反對。第四個是題為「和平權利宣言」的決議草案，強調和平是促進和保護所有人的所有人權的一個重要條件，邀請各國政府、聯合國系統各機構和組織、政府間組織和非政府組織傳播《宣言》，並促進對《宣言》的普遍尊重和了解。美英根本不同意這個《宣言》的內容，所以不可能傳播《宣言》。
usa
- http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-40829987 The Trump administration has issued its first written notification that the US intends to withdraw from the 2015 Paris climate agreement. But in the notice to the United Nations the US state department said Washington would remain in the talks process.
central america
- https://www.ft.com/content/138fa12c-b0db-11e8-8d14-6f049d06439c It has been a turbulent week for international efforts to tackle corruption and human rights violations, two of the most pressing problems in volatile Central America. Three decades after the UN was guarantor of a sweeping deal to settle armed conflicts in the region, the presidents of Guatemala and Nicaragua have thumbed their noses at the world body. Guatemalan President Jimmy Morales has allied himself with the US while Nicaragua’s Daniel Ortega is a longtime leftist foe of Washington. But both pose a dilemma for US President Donald Trump, who wants to stem migrant and drug flows but has himself lambasted the UN.
russia
- http://www.scmp.com/news/world/russia-central-asia/article/2065084/russia-makes-play-become-uns-anti-terror-tsar Russia is seeking a leading role in shaping the United Nations’ global counterterrorism strategy, lobbying Secretary General Antonio Guterres to appoint a Russian national to serve in a newly envisioned post as counterterrorism tsar, according to several senior UN diplomats.
australia
- https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/feb/17/australia-to-boycott-global-summit-on-treaty-to-ban-nuclear-weapons
japan
- Japan will participate in its first military mission since WWII that isn't affiliated with a mission of the United Nations. Tokyo confirmed on Tuesday that members of its Self-Defense Force will be sent for peacekeeping duties in Egypt in April, a move that observers view as a solid step to loosening the shackles of the country's postwar pacifist constitution.If the dispatch is realized, it will mark the first overseas military deployment of Japan that is not under the command of the UN, and the first application of Japan's controversial 2016 security legislation which expanded the scope of SDF's activities and broadened the areas in which they can operate.http://global.chinadaily.com.cn/a/201903/21/WS5c92ea1ba3104842260b1bdd.html
north korea
- ??? 聯合國發言人杜亞里克周四證實，北韓因今年的農作物產量預估數字驟降，糧食短缺達一百四十萬噸。平壤已向聯合國援助機構求助，以解決迫在眉睫的糧食危機。聯合國數據指出，北韓有約一千零五十萬人需要糧食援助，佔全國人口的41%。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190223/00180_007.html
korea
- people
- kim hak-su
- https://www.un.org/press/en/2000/20000404.sga730.doc.html Secretary-General Kofi Annan has appointed Kim Hak-Su of the Republic of Korea as Executive Secretary of the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP). Mr. Kim is the Ambassador for International Economic Affairs of the Republic of Korea and a prominent economist. He has vast experience in central banking, development planning, government think-tanks and private sector management, as well as international organizations. Mr. Kim began his professional career in 1960 as a central bank economist, served as Secretary to the Minister of Commerce and Industry in 1969 and worked for the London Representative Office of the Bank of Korea (1971-1973). He joined Daewoo Corporation in 1977 as Executive Director and served ACWOO International Corporation in New York as President. Mr. Kim worked as Chief Planning Officer and Chief Technical Adviser under the United Nations Department for Technical Cooperation and Development, during most of the 1980s, in island State countries, such as Vanuatu and the Solomon Islands. He joined the Korea Institute for International Economic Policy as a Senior Research Fellow, researching and publishing on issues regarding international economic cooperation during 1989 to 1993. He served as President of the Hanil Banking Institute before taking up the recent post of Secretary-General of the Colombo Plan, based in Colombo, Sri Lanka (1995-1999). He revitalized the 24-member country intergovernment Colombo Plan in Asia and the Pacific, stressing human resources development and focusing on South-South cooperation. He was appointed Ambassador for International Economic Affairs in June 1999, attending various international meetings as the head of his Government’s delegation. Mr. Kim was born in a rural area of Wonju, Republic of Korea, studied as an undergraduate at Yonsei University, earned a master’s degree from Edinburgh University, United Kingdom, and a Ph.D. in economics from the University of South Carolina, United States.
chinese
- 聯合國郵政管理處為慶祝即將到臨的農曆己亥豬年，上周六正式發行每張包含十枚面值一點一五美元的豬年郵票版張，亦是聯合國發行的第十套「中國農曆生肖」系列郵票版張。豬年郵票版張由中國設計師武世寧設計，以紅色及金色為主調，靈感來自中國剪紙藝術。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190113/00180_033.html
- 容祖兒 和李克勤領銜 17 位不同 領域的華人傑出代表發 聲，齊齊錄製聯合國全 球第一支中文歌曲《唱 響 2030》，助力聯合國 可持續發展目標。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2017/10/26/a40-1026.pdf
- 4月20日是中國傳統節氣--穀雨，這是播穀降雨、萬物生長的時節，是傳說中「中華文字始祖」倉頡造字的日子。這一天，也是第九個聯合國中文日。聯合國中國僱員和來自世界各地熱愛中文的外交官，以及美國友人參加了當天的活動。在聯合國工作的上百名中國僱員穿上節日服裝，帶着孩子、邀上朋友，參加了這個一年一度的中國文化活動。一些在聯合國中文培訓班學中文的「老外」則把這一活動當成練習口語、認識中國朋友、品嚐中國美食的好機會。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2018/04/25/a25-0425.pdf
China
- resolution in 1974 adopted chinese as one of un's working languages
- peacekeeping
- china daily 8mar19 "dedicated to protection" china's peacekeeping military personnel
- people
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20170610/00176_140.html 聯合國秘書長古特雷斯周四宣布，已任命中國外交部副部長劉振民，接替同是來自中國、任期在七月三十一日結束的吳紅波，擔任主管經濟和社會事務的聯合國副秘書長。中國外交部發言人華春瑩回應稱，中方歡迎任命，相信劉振民正式就任後，將推動聯合國經社發展的工作取得新成就。
- 联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯22日宣布，任命中国外交部外交官夏煌大使为联合国秘书长非洲大湖地区问题特使，这是中国第一个联合国秘书长特使（副秘书长职级）。声明说，夏煌在全球拥有超过30年的外交经验，在非洲拥有丰富的经验，曾担任多个高级职位。2009年至2012年，担任中国驻尼日尔大使。2012年至2015年，担任中华人民共和国驻塞内加尔共和国特命全权大使。2015年至2018年，担任中华人民共和国驻刚果共和国特命全权大使。早期时间，夏煌还曾在中国驻加蓬大使馆、中国驻法国大使馆，以及中国黑龙江省佳木斯市人民政府任职。http://world.people.com.cn/n1/2019/0123/c1002-30586325.html
- https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3015748/qu-dongyu-becomes-first-chinese-national-head-un-food-and Qu Dongyu on Sunday became the first Chinese national to be elected to head the UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization, clinching the post in the first round of voting. Qu, 55, a biologist by training, won 108 votes, followed by Catherine Geslain-Laneelle of France with 71 votes and Georgia’s Davit Kirvalidze with 12, according to official results.
- 國務院公布新一輪人事任免，其中外交部副部長劉振民被免去職務。劉振民上月已獲得聯合國秘書長古特雷斯任命，擔任聯合國副秘書長一職。劉振民自一九八二年起在外交部工作，曾任外交部部長助理、常駐聯合國日內瓦辦事處和瑞士其他國際組織代表團代表等。 http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20170727/00178_019.html
hk
- http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20170611/PDF/a12_screen.pdf联合国首届海洋大会9日落幕。中华能源基金委员会常务副主席兼秘书长何志平作为受邀与会的NGO杰出代表，在当天闭幕大会上呼吁，期待各国通过“21世纪海上丝绸之路”搭建国际海上合作平台，共同推动全球“蓝色经济”发展。
- 由聯合國經 濟和社會事務 部與中華能源 基金委員會聯 合主辦，中國 深圳大生農業 集 團 合 辦 的 「農業可持續 發展論壇」，於當地時間 7月 6日在紐約 聯合國總部舉行，探討「一帶一路」之下 的國際農業合作。論壇發起人之一、中華 能源基金委員會常務副主席兼秘書長何志 平表示，透過農業技術和農業發展經驗的 交流共享，期盼能加強「一帶一路」沿線 國家的糧食安全，同時把中國農耕文明中 「以和為貴」的核心價值推廣出去，促進 世界的和平發展。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2017/07/08/a20-0708.pdf
- ?!
- 旅美華僑邵子平10日從江蘇南京市人大常委會主任龍翔手中接過期盼已久的中華人民共和國居民身份證，興奮之情溢於言表。1988年起，在聯合國總部從事人力資源與法規工作的邵子平與一批美籍華裔熱心人士，在紐約創立了「紀念南京大屠殺受難同胞聯合會」，致力於尋找侵華日軍南京暴行的證據，包括1991年在紐約搶先找到南京大屠殺期間美國牧師約翰．馬吉拍攝的有關南京大屠殺現場的膠片原片，還有1996年發現了拉貝日記的線索，並向全世界公開。今年82歲的邵子平，1948年12歲隨父母離開南京，退休後於2003年定居北京，終於在70年後葉落歸根，如願回到家鄉南京。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2019/01/13/a10-0113.pdf
- 江蘇鹽城響水縣陳家港化工園區上周四（21日）的廠房爆炸事故，截至昨日（23日）已造成六十四人死亡、廿一人危殆、七十三人重傷、廿八人失蹤，當局搜救工作仍然繼續。國務院調查組和鹽城市政府痛批負責人「我行我素」釀禍，強調將嚴肅問責，惟當地政府宣布陳家港地區學校周一（25日）復課，外界炮轟當局只求維穩，懶理師生安危。聯合國秘書長古特雷斯前日晚在官方微博發聲明，向受害者家屬致以慰問。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190324/00178_001.html
- 聯合國反恐主義辦公室副秘書長沃倫科夫（Vladimir Voronkov），近日應中國邀請，訪問新疆。美國副國務卿沙利文上周五表示，鑑於針對新疆維吾爾族和其他回教徒的鎮壓運動，聯合國反恐小組到新疆視察不恰當，也令聯合國在反恐方面的聲譽和可信度受損。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190616/00178_012.html
taiwan
- 為突破國際空間被打壓，台灣的行政院政務委員唐鳳去年十二月透過視像會議方式，在日內瓦舉行的聯合國網際網絡治理論壇上發言，大陸代表當場提出強烈抗議但無效。而在周一於馬來西亞舉行的聯合國論壇上，唐鳳再以一段預先拍攝的錄影片段在論壇上發言。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20180215/00178_019.html
hk
- vietnam refugees
- 立法會議員關注聯合國難民事務高級難民署（難民署）拖欠本港當年越南難民在港期間涉款逾十一億元開支，欠款拖足三十年亦未收回。有立法會議員批評政府追數不力，直指早有越南難民，近年又有假難民禍港，不應再令納稅人使冤枉錢，而立法會保安事務委員會將於周二（4月2日）商議如何追數。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20190331/00176_012.html
- 埃塞俄比亞航空公司一架載有一百五十七人的客機，昨日在首都亞的斯亞貝巴起飛前往肯尼亞首都內羅畢後不久墜毀，機上全員罹難。機上包括五男三女的中國公民，其中一人是曾姓香港人，任職聯合國辦事處。空難原因有待調查，但航空公司指機師事前發出求救信號要求折返。根據香港中文大學去年十二月發表校友期刊指，曾成毅在非洲肯尼亞聯合國辦事處工作，早前回港擔任中大全球研究課程其中一節的客席講師，分享對可持續發展的看法。在新亞書院畢業生名單中，曾成毅於二○○四年畢業於工商管理學士學位，曾成毅妻子親友在社交平台分享述及，說曾在教堂認識其張姓妻子，二人其後長期在聯合國教科文組織工作，二○一六年派往肯尼亞辦公，在當地育有一名兒子。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190311/00180_001.html, also appledaily report of the same date
- 遇難港人曾成毅是 聯合國環境署職員， 在該署網頁上亦有一 名叫 Victor Tsang的 職員，職位是性別事 務項目幹事。在自我 介紹一欄內，他提到 自己常駐於內羅畢， 此前曾於意大利羅馬 的聯合國世界糧食計 劃署工作，其職責是加強環境署內部項目及政策的性別平等。 社交網站LinkedIn上的資料則顯示，曾成毅去年 6月起已經轉 任聯合國環境署聯合國 2030年可持續發展議程的政策幹事，工 作地點仍為內羅畢。賬號資料顯示，曾成毅 2004年畢業於中文 大學工商管理系，2007年加入宣明會，之後轉任聯合國世界糧食 計劃署，並先後在倫敦大學學院教育研究院和倫敦大學亞非學院 進修。曾成毅在twitter上張貼過多張在肯尼亞工作的照片，他最 後一次發文是 3月 2日，提到出席今日在內羅畢舉行的聯合國環 境署年會。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2019/03/11/a24-0311.pdf
- 曾成毅遺下太太及一子，太太又已懷孕，雖是獨立工作女士，以後人在非洲，如何維持生活水平，確令校友擔心。網上迅速傳出，曾太名張思明，在沙田先後就讀曾肇添中學及體藝中學，肥仔K的一位AO（政務官）同班同學已證實張思明是曾肇添學生。曾成毅的哥哥是警隊人員，已往非洲跟進後事，香港中文大學校友慈善基金聽說將發動校友捐款予張女士，應付緊急需要。一位老校友對左丁山說：「我們那一代，一畢業便要找工作支持家庭生計，以免爸爸繼續辛苦，那會想到往非洲工作，幫助落後國家人民的，現代學生的環境普遍比較好，有此志向，值得鼓勵，但料不到遇上飛機失事慘劇，確令人神傷！」到聯合國求職，也很不容易，除了本身語言水平高之外，個人能力也要高強，更且聯合國並不是隨便用人，有「國家配額」的潛規則，我們那一代香港學生被歸入「英國配額」，很難打進那圈子。左丁山泰國讀碩士時，世界銀行的Young Professionals Program曾來學校招聘，左丁山急不及待應徵，世銀人員說：「你來自香港，跟英國的配額，很難有機會，請你不要浪費時間！」今天的香港畢業生，應屬中國類範疇，要得到一份聯合國工作，也是要實力超群的。https://hk.lifestyle.appledaily.com/lifestyle/columnist/%E5%B7%A6%E4%B8%81%E5%B1%B1/daily/article/20190318/20635338
- 香港中文大學四名學生於聯合國亞洲及太平洋經濟社會委員會位於泰國總部進行三個月實習，參與翻譯、參與國際會議及處理數據等的工作，協助改善防災及救災的效率。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20190103/00176_041.html
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