Government
- ministry of trade http://www.kemendag.go.id/en
- International Trade Promotion Centre http://djpen.kemendag.go.id
- export news http://djpen.kemendag.go.id/app_frontend/documents/index/type:112
- has a customer service center on 2nd floor of main building
- http://www.tradexpoindonesia.com
- ministry of agriculture http://www.pertanian.go.id/
- ministry of marine affairs and fisheries http://www.kkp.go.id/en/
- ministry of industry http://www.kemenperin.go.id/
- indonesia investment coordinating board http://www7.bkpm.go.id/
- ministry of cooperatives and small and medium enterprises republic of indonesia (kementerian negara koperasi dan usaha kecil dan menengah) http://www.indonesia.go.id/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=263&Itemid=767
- Badan Ekonomi Kreatif creative economy agency https://www.bekraf.go.id/
- SME service center http://servicecenter.indonesiansme.com/
- national board for the placement and protection of indonesian overseas workers
Ambon island
- 1511 年，葡萄牙征服了當時航線的中心交會點、擁有國際商人社會的貿易中心麻六甲王國。隨後派遣弗朗西斯科．塞拉（Francisco Serrão）前往東印度群島的東部，尋找香料群島。後來，他們的船隊雖然不幸觸礁了，卻也因此幸運地抵達安汶北部的希杜，受到另外兩個競爭的島嶼王國特爾納特（Ternate）和蒂多雷（Tidore）的歡迎。1522 年，葡萄牙與特爾納特結盟，還取代爪哇成為重要的貿易船隊。然而在 1535 年，葡萄牙與特爾納特翻臉了！特爾納特的穆斯林社會向與葡萄牙不合，葡萄牙遂發動偷襲，將國王帶到果阿，並迫使國王改信基督徒。雖然十年後，葡萄牙又將特爾納特的國王送回國，但國王不幸的在麻六甲死去，臨死前將安汶島贈送給他的葡萄牙神父。最終於 1575 年，葡萄牙被特爾納特逐出，改與蒂多雷結盟，並將重心轉移至安汶，事實上，葡萄牙早在1557 年時就已取得澳門，商業目標早已轉移至澳門了。此時，十字架沿著劍的腳步進入東印度，並且產生永久的影響。其中最有名的人，就是耶穌會士沙勿略（San Francisco Javier）。他們的傳教在本地創造了一個基督教社會，並且不斷茁壯。這有助於安汶人與歐洲人產生共同利益感，而這正是他們與其他印尼人所不同的地方。荷蘭之所以決心前往東印度，打算取代葡萄牙的香料商人地位，原因是來自他們過去是葡萄牙香料在北歐的中間商。但是 1580 年時，西班牙國王腓力二世將葡萄牙兼併，成為葡萄牙國王，當時荷蘭早已為了反抗暴政，發動起義與西班牙開戰，再加上新舊教的鬥爭，導致荷蘭無法再取得香料。這兩個原因都加強了荷蘭的決心。透過商業間諜，荷蘭成功取得了葡萄牙保密的航海地圖，荷蘭商人爭相前往東印度貿易，但是過度競爭導致利潤降低，最後在國會建議下，1602 年，商人們組成了大家熟知的荷蘭東印度公司（VOC）。荷蘭東印度公司與葡萄牙在東方的戰事起初並不順利，但由於葡萄牙人與安汶人的不合，荷蘭與安汶聯合起來將葡萄牙逐出，取得了安汶島，並將葡萄牙的碉堡改名為「維多利亞堡」，這是日後南摩鹿加共和國的主要基地。而荷蘭也著手改造此地的信仰，將原本信仰的天主教改為喀爾文派。十九世紀時，荷蘭對東印度全境的征服，創造了印尼今天的國家疆界，而二十世紀的倫理政策和鎮壓政策，則創造了印尼民族主義者，並使自己成為促使印尼團結的大功臣：她成了印尼所有人的敵人。倫理政策的誕生，來自十九世紀荷蘭對印尼進行剝削以發展工業化的反省。人們認為應該將福利回饋至東印度「土著」身上，這在荷蘭輿論得到許多反響，當時的威廉明娜女王因此准許調查爪哇福利，開啟了一連串的政策。當時正值美蘇冷戰逐漸升溫的 1950 年代，印尼的多數政黨與領導人傾向社會主義，而安汶人看準此點，希望成為冷戰結構中「東南亞的臺灣」，意圖透過反對親左派的印尼政府，取得美國為首的反共集團支持，脫離印尼獨立出來，並於 1950 年 4 月 25 日成立南摩鹿加共和國（Republik Maluku Selatan，RMS），由曾任東印度尼西亞邦司法部長的蘇莫基爾（Chris Soumokil，1905-1966）領導。他們支持荷蘭的聯邦制，並承認荷蘭國王的統治權。7 月，印尼共和國軍隊全面進攻。在力量對比懸殊的狀況下，南摩鹿加共和國只撐到該年 11 月就陷落，主要的基地維多利亞堡遭到摧毀，政府成員被迫流亡荷蘭，成立流亡政府。https://gushi.tw/republik-maluku-selatan/
The Banda Islands
- Before the arrival of Europeans, Banda had an oligarchic form of government led by orang kaya ('rich men') and the Bandanese had an active and independent role in trade throughout the archipelago. Banda was the world's only source of nutmeg and mace, spices used as flavourings, medicines, and preserving agents that were at the time highly valued in European markets. They were sold by Arab traders to the Venetians for exorbitant prices. The traders did not divulge the exact location of their source and no European was able to deduce their location. The first written accounts of Banda are in Suma Oriental, a book written by the Portuguese apothecary Tomé Pires who was based in Malacca from 1512 to 1515 but visited Banda several times. On his first visit, he interviewed the Portuguese and the far more knowledgeable Malay sailors in Malacca. He estimated the early sixteenth century population to be 2500–3000. He reported the Bandanese as being part of an Indonesia-wide trading network and the only native Malukan long-range traders taking cargo to Malacca, although shipments from Banda were also being made by Javanese traders. In addition to the production of nutmeg and mace, Banda maintained significant entrepôt trade; goods that moved through Banda included cloves from Ternateand Tidore in the north, bird-of-paradise feathers from the Aru Islands and western New Guinea, massoi bark for traditional medicines and salves. In exchange, Banda predominantly received rice and cloth; namely light cotton batik from Java, calicoes from India and ikat from the Lesser Sundas. In 1603, an average quality sarong-sized cloth traded for eighteen kilograms of nutmeg. Some of these textiles were then on-sold, ending up in Halmahera and New Guinea. Coarserikat from the Lesser Sundas was traded for sago from the Kei Islands, Aru and Seram.
- dutch and british rivalry over monopoly of nutmeg trade in 17th century scmp 13aug17 article "nutmeg & a recipe for pluralism"
Bandung (/ˈbɑːndʊŋ/) (formerly Dutch: Stad Bandoeng, Sundanese: ᮘᮔ᮪ᮓᮥᮀ, Indonesian: Kota Bandung)万隆市（印尼语：Kota Bandung），位于印度尼西亚的西爪哇，古称勃良安，意为仙之国，现名意为山连山。为印尼第四大城市，也是西爪哇省的首府。第一次由亚洲及非洲部分国家召开的国际会议“万隆会议”，便是于1955年在万隆举行。
-La tradition sundanaise fait remonter la fondation du kabupaten de Bandung à 1488, à l'époque du royaume de Pajajaran. Une charte royale (piagam) datée du 20 avril 1641 stipule que le Sultan Agung du royaume de Mataram élève le tumenggung (fonctionnaire royal) Wiraangunangun à la dignité d' adipati (préfet). The official name of the city during the colonial Dutch East Indies period was Bandoeng.During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the Dutch East Indies Company (VOC) established plantations in the Bandung area. In 1786, a supply road connecting Batavia (now Jakarta), Bogor, Cianjur, Bandung, Sumedang and Cirebon was constructed. En 1808, Herman Willem Daendels, nommé gouverneur-général des Indes néerlandaises par Louis Bonaparte, roi de Hollande, réforme l'administration coloniale et fait construire une "Grande route postale" (Groote Postweg) reliant l'Ouest de Java à l'Est. In 1809, Napoleon Bonaparte, French Emperor and conqueror of much of Europe including the Netherlands and its colonies, ordered the Dutch Indies Governor H.W. Daendels to improve the defensive systems of Java to protect against the British in India.
- china
********* 邦加島 Bangka (or sometimes Banka) is an island lying east of Sumatra, administratively part of Sumatra, Indonesia, with a population of about 1 million. It is the 9th largest island in Indonesia and the main part of Bangka-Belitung Province, being one of its namesakes alongside the smaller Belitung across the Gaspar Strait. The provincial capital, Pangkal Pinang, lies on the island.Bangka was recorded as Pengjia hill (彭加山) in the 1436 Xingcha Shenglan, compiled by the Chinese soldier Fei Xin during the treasure voyages of Admiral Zheng He. Contemporary records show that the area - close to the busy Strait of Malacca and waters of the Musi River - had significant presence of Chinese traders.Later on, the island was taken over by the Johor and Minangkabau Sultanates which introduced Islam to the island. It continued to pass to the Banten Sultanate before it was then inherited by the nearby Palembang Sultanate sometime in the late 17th century. Soon after, around 1710, tin was discovered on the island which attracted migrants from across the archipelago and beyond.[6] Descendants of the Chinese immigrants, mainly from Guangdong, still form a large portion of modern Bangka's inhabitants.As tin mining developed further, the Palembang Sultanate sent for experts in Malay Peninsula and China. The Dutch East India Company managed to secure a monopolistic tin purchase agreement in 1722, but hostilities began to develop between the Sultan and the Dutch. During the British Invasion of Java in 1811, then-Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin attacked and massacred the staff of the Dutch post on the island. He was later deposed and executed by the British.[6] His successor ceded Bangka to Britain in 1812, but in 1814 Britain exchanged it with the Dutch for Cochin in India following the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814.Around the late years of the 18th century, Bangka was an important production center of tin in Asia, with annual outputs hovering around 1,250 tons[5]. In 1930 Bangka had a population of 205,363.[7]Japan occupied the island from February 1942 to August 1945 during World War II. The Japanese military perpetrated the Bangka Island massacre against Australian nurses and British and Australian servicemen and civilians.During the Indonesian National Revolution, republican leaders Sukarno and Hatta were exiled in Bangka in the aftermath of Operation Kraai. Bangka became part of independent Indonesia in 1949. The island, together with neighboring Belitung, was formerly part of South Sumatra (Sumatera Selatan) province, but in 2000 the two islands became the new province of Bangka-Belitung. In the recent years, tin mining has declined notedly, although it is still a major part of the island's economy.Bangka is also home to a number of communist Indonesians who have been under house arrest since the 1960s anti-Communist purge and are not permitted to leave the island.
- hk
巴淡島Batam is the largest city in the province of Riau Islands, Indonesia. The city administrative area covers three main islands of Batam, Rempang, and Galang (collectively called Barelang), as well as several small islands. Batam Island is the core urban and industrial zone, while both Rempang Island and Galang Island maintain their rural character and are connected to Batam Island by short bridges. Batam is an industrial boomtown, an emerging transport hub, and part of a free trade zone in the Indonesia–Malaysia–Singapore Growth Triangle. Batam Island was first inhabited by the Malays as the Orang laut in the year 231 AD.[5] The island that once served as the field of struggle of Admiral Hang Nadim against the invaders was used by the government in the 1960s as a petroleum logistics base on Sambu Island. In the 1970s, according to Presidential Decree number 41 year 1973, Batam Island is designated as a working environment of an industrial area supported by Batam Island Industrial Development Authority or better known as Batam Authority Board (BOB, now Batam Development Board (Indonesian: Badan Pengusahan Batam or BP Batam) as the driving force for the development of Batam, with the initial aim of making Batam the "Indonesian version of Singapore". With the rapid development of the island, based on Government Regulation No. 34 of 1983, the Batam District (which is part of Riau Islands Regency) was upgraded to municipality status which has the duties in running government administration and society and support the development of BP Batam. In the Reformation era in the late 1990s, with Law No. 53 of 1999, Batam administrative municipality changed its status to an autonomous region, namely Batam City Government to carry out governmental and developmental functions by involving BP Batam.
- https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/singapore-has-a-shipping-rival-less-than-30km-away Indonesia wants to re-position its Batam island as an alternative shipping and manufacturing hub to Singapore with a potential to draw US$60 billion (S$81 billion) in new investment. Batam and nearby islands - located less than 30km south of Singapore - have attracted about US$20 billion of investment since the government began promoting them as industrial area in the 1970s. The region, declared a free-trade zone in 2007, is home to thousands of local and foreign firms producing goods from computers to oil rigs.
bengkalis island (no wikipedia page)
- Bengkalis (Kota Bengkalis) was the seat (capital) of Bengkalis Regency in the Riau province of Indonesia until 8 July 2013, when it became an independent city. It is located on Bengkalis Island.
- Bengkalis Regency is a regency of Indonesia in the Riau province. The regency, which includes the whole of Bengkalis and Rupat Islands in the Strait of Malacca, has been established since 1956. The regency was formerly divided into 13 districts (or kecamatan); however 5 of these districts were removed to create the new Meranti Islands Regency, leaving 8 districts in the Bengkalis Regency. Bengkalis Regency produces natural resources, particularly petroleum, rubber, and coconut. The regency is home to the Bukit Batu Biosphere Reserve.
- china
The Brantas is the longest river in East Java, Indonesia. It drains an area over 11,000 km² from the southern slope of Mount Kawi-Kelud-Butak, Mount Wilis, and the northern slopes of Mount Liman-Limas, Mount Welirang, and Mount Anjasmoro. Its course is semi-circular or spiral in shape: at its source the river heads southeast, but gradually curves south, then southwest, then west, then north, and finally it flows generally eastward at the point where it branches off to become the Kalimas and Porong River.
- King Mpu Sindok moved his kingdom from Mataram Kingdom in Central Java to a new location on this river at circa 950 A.D. Possibly (only one of a number of reasons given) due to a Mount Merapi volcanic eruption, he had to leave his kingdom to this new safe place near present city of Madiun.
Denpasar (Indonesian pronunciation: [denˈpasar]) (Balinese: ᬤᬾᬦ᭄ᬧᬲᬃ) is the capital of Bali and the main gateway to the island. The city is also a hub for other cities in the Lesser Sunda Islands.The name Denpasar – from the Balinese words "den", meaning north, and "pasar", meaning market – indicates the city's origins as a market-town, on the site of what is now Kumbasari Market (formerly "Peken Payuk"), in the northern part of the modern city.In the 18th and 19th century, Denpasar functioned as the capital of the Hindu Majapahit Kingdom of Badung.[6] Thus, the city was formerly called Badung. The royal palace was looted and razed during the Dutch intervention in 1906. A statue in Taman Puputan (Denpasar's central square) commemorates the 1906 Puputan, in which as many as a thousand Balinese, including the King and his court, committed mass suicide in front of invading Dutch troops, rather than surrender to them.
Karangasem Regency (Indonesian: Kabupaten Karangasem) is a regency (kabupaten) of Bali, Indonesia. It covers the east part of Bali, has an area of 839.54 km2 and a population of 369,320 (2002). Its regency seat is Amlapura. Karangasem was devastated when Mount Agung erupted in 1963, killing 1,900 people. Karangasem was a kingdom before Bali was conquered by the Dutch.
Kudus is a regency (Indonesian: kabupaten) in Central Java province in Indonesia. Its capital is Kudus. It is located east of Semarang, capital of Central Java. The city of Kudus was something of an important Islamic holy city in the sixteenth century. It is the only place in Java that has permanently acquired an Arabic name ('al-Quds', Jerusalem). Sunan Kudus, one of the nine Wali Sanga, was said to have been the fifth imam (head) of the mosque of Demak and a major leader of the 1527 campaign against 'Majapahit', before moving to Kudus. The Mosque of Kudus (Masjid Menara) which dates from this period, remains a local landmark to this day. It is notable for both its perseverance of pre-Islamic architectural forms such as Old Javanese split doorways and Hindu-Buddhistinfluenced Majapahit-style brickwork,[1] and for its name al-Manar or al-Aqsa. The date AH 956 (AD 1549) is inscribed over the mihrab (niche indicating the direction of Mecca).Most residents of Kudus are Javanese although there is an Indonesian Chinese minority in the city centre, as well as an Arab neighbourhood, Kudus Kulon, to the west of the city centre. The city is considered the "birthplace" of the kretek clove cigarette, which is by far the most widely smoked form of tobacco in the country. Haji Jamahri, a resident of the city, invented them in the 1880s, and the city remains a major centre for their manufacture.
The Maluku Islands or the Moluccas (/məˈlʌkəz/) are an archipelago within Banda Sea, Indonesia.The islands were known as the Spice Islands due to the nutmeg, mace and cloves that were originally exclusively found there, the presence of which sparked colonial interest from Europe in the 16th century. The Maluku Islands formed a single province from Indonesian independence until 1999, when it was split into two provinces. A new province, North Maluku, incorporates the area between Morotai and Sula, with the arc of islands from Buru and Seram to Wetarremaining within the existing Maluku Province. North Maluku is predominantly Muslim, and its capital is Sofifi on Halmahera island. Maluku province has a larger Christian population, and its capital is Ambon. Though originally Melanesian, many island populations, especially in the Banda Islands, were exterminated in the 17th century during the spice wars. A second influx of Austronesian immigrants began in the early twentieth century under the Dutch and continues in the Indonesian era.
- The Maluku Islands sectarian conflict was a period of ethno-political conflict along religious lines, which spanned the Indonesian islands that compose the Maluku archipelago, with particularly serious disturbances in Ambon and Halmahera Islands. The duration of the conflict is generally dated from the start of the Reformasi era in early 1999 to the signing of the Malino II Accord on 13 February 2002. The principal causes of the conflict are attributed to general political and economic instability in Indonesia following the fall of Suharto and the devaluation of the rupiah during and after a wider economic crisis in South East Asia. The forthcoming division of the then Maluku province into the current Maluku province and North Maluku province exacerbated existing district political disputes further and, as the political dispute had been characterized along religious lines, inter-communal fighting broke out between Christian and Muslimcommunities in January 1999, cascading into what could be described as all out warfare and atrocities against the civilian population committed by both sides. The main belligerents were therefore religious militia from both faiths, including the well organised IslamistLaskar Jihad, and Indonesian government military forces.
Medan is the capital city of the Indonesian province of North Sumatra. According to the diary of a Portuguese merchant in the early 16th century, the name of Medan was actually derived from Tamil word Maidhan, also known as Maidhāṉam (Tamil: மைதானம்), that means Ground, adopted from Malay language. One of the Karo-Indonesia dictionaries written by Darwin Prinst SH published in 2002 stated that Medan could also be defined as "recover" or "be better".華人約有50萬，也有頗具規模的泰米爾人社區。棉蘭福建話，又称棉兰闽南语，是一种在棉兰使用的闽南语域外变体。这种语言是由早期闽南移民过番到棉兰定居而带到那里的语言。这种闽南语夹杂了许多马来语词汇。音韵调三方面都和对岸马来西亚槟城的槟城闽南语有很大的共同点。
mount megamendung
- featured in painting of raden saleh
Nias (Indonesian: Pulau Nias, Nias language: Tanö Niha) is an island located off the western coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. Until 2003 Nias was a single administrative regency (kabupaten) covering the entire island, part of the province of North Sumatra. In 2003 it was split into two regencies, Nias and Nias Selatan (South Nias). Subsequently, the island was divided further, with the creation of two further regencies from parts of the former Nias Regency – Nias Barat (West Nias) and Nias Utara (North Nias) – and the designation of Gunungsitoli as an autonomous city independent of the four regencies. Gunungsitoli remains the center of the business affairs of the entire island. Teluk Dalam is the capital of Nias Selatan Regency, Lotu of Nias Utara Regency, Lahomi of Nias Barat Regency, and Gido of Nias Regency.All parties in the North Sumatra Legislative Council have agreed to the formation of a Nias Island province (comprising Nias, Nias Selatan, Nias Utara and Nias Barat regencies, and Gunungsitoli municipality). It has been approved at a regional plenary session on 2 May 2011, but still awaits approval from Central government, which has not yet enacted the grand design for additional provinces. The new province will thus cover an area identical to the original Nias Regency prior to the latter's division in 2003. Apart from Nias Island itself, the province will include the smaller Batu Islands (Pulau-pulau Batu) to the south, lying between Nias and Siberut; the Batu Islands form seven administrative districts within South Nias Regency.
Palabuhanratu or Pelabuhan Ratu (Sundanese for: 'Harbor of the Queen') is a district that is the administrative capital and regency seat of Sukabumi Regency. It is at the southwest coast of Palabuhanratu Bay,West Java facing the Indian Ocean. It is a four-hour drive from Bandung and up to a 12-hour drive from Indonesia's capital Jakarta due to traffic jams in Ciawi, Cicurug, Cibadak and Pelabuhan Ratu gate,[1] whose residents love to visit the bay 'Teluk Palabuhanratu', once named 'Wijnkoopsbaai' by the Dutch. The bay is shaped like a horseshoe and has enormous waves that can be very treacherous. The Sundanese locals say that the Indian Ocean is the home of Nyai Loro Kidul who reigns along the southern coast of Java.
Pancasila (pronounced [pantʃaˈsila]) is the official philosophical foundation of theIndonesian state. Pancasila consists of two Old Javanese words (originally fromSanskrit): "pañca" meaning five, and "sīla" meaning principles. It comprises five principles held to be inseparable and interrelated:
Papua is the largest and easternmost province of Indonesia, comprising most of Western New Guinea. Papua is bordered by the nation of Papua New Guinea to the east, and by West Papua province to the west. Since 2002, Papua province has special autonomy status, making it a special region. "Papua" is the official Indonesian and internationally recognised name for the province. During the Dutch colonial era the region was known as part of "Dutch New Guinea" or "Netherlands New Guinea". Since its annexation in 1969, it became known as "West Irian" or "Irian Barat" until 1973, and thereafter renamed "Irian Jaya" (roughly translated, "Glorious Irian") by the Suharto administration. This was the official name until the name "Papua" was adopted in 2002. Today, the indigenous inhabitants of this province prefer to call themselves Papuans. The name "West Papua" was adopted in 1961 by the New Guinea Council until the United Nations Temporary Executive Authority (UNTEA) transferred administration to the Republic of Indonesia in 1963. "West Papua" has since been used by Papuans as a self-identifying term, especially by those demanding self-determination, and usually refers to the whole of the Indonesian portion of New Guinea. The other Indonesian province that shares New Guinea, West Irian Jaya, has been officially renamed as West Papua, or Papua Barat. The entire western New Guinea is often referred to as "West Papua" internationally – especially among networks of international solidarity with the West Papuan independence movement.
錫納朋火山 Mount Sinabung (Indonesian: Gunung Sinabung,[3] also Dolok Sinabung Deleng Sinabung,[5] Dolok Sinaboen,[6] Dolok Sinaboeng[7] and Sinabuna) is a Pleistocene-to-Holocene stratovolcano of andesite and dacite in the Karo plateau of Karo Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia, 40 kilometres (25 mi) from the Lake Toba supervolcano.
*******Singaraja is a port town in northern Bali, Indonesia, which serves as the seat of Buleleng Regency. The name is Indonesian for "Lion King" (from Sanskritsingha and raja). It is just east of Lovina, with an area of 27.98 km² and population of 80,500, the second largest on the island.Singaraja was the Dutch colonial capital for Bali and the Lesser Sunda Islands from 1849 until 1953, an administrative centre and the port of arrival for most visitors until development of the Bukit Peninsula area in the south. Singaraja was also an administrative centre for the Japanese during their World War IIoccupation.Gedong Kirtya, just south of the town centre, is the only library of lontar manuscripts (ancient and sacred texts on leaves of the rontal palm) in the world.
- no chinese wiki version
Tangerang is a city in the province of Banten, Indonesia.Tangerang, along with South Tangerang is the place where many giant developers build a built-up-area such as BSD City, Gading Serpong, Alam Sutera, and Lippo Village. Tangerang is home for Soekarno–Hatta International Airport which serves metropolitan Jakarta and as the Indonesia's main gateway, Indonesia Convention Exhibition which is the biggest convention and exhibition centre in Indonesia which is opened in 2015.Tangerang also has a significant community of Chinese Indonesians, many of whom are of Cina Benteng extraction. Benteng means 'fortress' in Indonesian. They were descended from Manchu laborers who were brought there by the Dutch colonials in the 18th and 19th centuries. They are culturally distinct from other Chinese communities in the area: while almost none speak any dialect of Chinese, they are culturally very strongly Daoist and maintain their own places of worship and community centers. They are ethnically mixed. A large Chinese cemetery is also located in Tangerang, much of which has now been developed into modern suburban communities such as Gading Serpong, Alam Sutera and BSD City. Most of the Chinatown of Tangerang is located at Sewan, Pasar Lama, Pasar Baru, Benteng Makasar, Kapling, Karawaci (not Lippo Karawaci). One can find any food and all things Chinese there. Lippo Karawaci, Bintaro Jaya, Bumi Serpong Damai and Alam Sutera are new locations of residential places (New Towns). A vast majority of the residents are newcomers from Jakarta or outside, not genuine Benteng Chinese.In October 1945, Laskar Hitam, a Muslim militia was established in Tangerang. The goal of this movement was to establish an Islamic nation in Indonesia. This movement later became a part of DI/TII rebel group. On October 31, 1945, Laskar Hitam kidnapped Otto Iskandardinata, Republic of Indonesia's Minister of State. He was presumed to have been murdered at Mauk beach, Tangerang on December 20, 1945.[citation needed]
Tasikmalaya Regency (Indonesian: Kabupaten Tasikmalaya) is a regency (Indonesian: kabupaten) in the province of West Java, Indonesia. Most of the Regency features green fields, predominantly occupied by agriculture and forestry, whilst farmers settled as the majority of its population.[1] Tasikmalaya regency is well known for its handicrafts (Indonesian: kerajinan anyaman), salak (zalacca),[2] whilst nasi tutug oncom (hot steamed rice mixed with oncom) known as the Regency's famous dish. The Regency is also known as a major religious centre in West Java, which has more than 800 pesantren (traditional Islamic boarding schools).
- ******* nickname - Pearl of the East Preanger München van Java (Munich of Java)
- https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/health-environment/article/3082289/indonesia-villagers-are-blocking-burials-coronavirus In a village in Indonesia
’s Central Java’s regency of Wonosobo, a farmer offered his small plot of land to bury patients who had died of Covid-19. The farmer felt compelled to provide his land for free after reading reports of families of coronavirus victims who were unable to lay their loved ones to rest as they were blocked by community members fearful that the bodies would spread the virus.
west java
- Migrant workers from West Java, Indonesia’s most populous province, have been urged not to return home from overseas or elsewhere in the country to help curb the spread of the coronavirus after more than 100,000 residents streamed back in the past few weeks. “Mudik [the act of returning to hometowns or villages] is going to worsen our situation. Please stay where you are for the time being,” said Ridwan Kamil, the governor of West Java, which is home to some 50 million people. His comments came as
President Joko Widodo on Tuesday declared a state of emergency amid another jump in coronavirus deaths, but despite heavy criticism once again resisted calls for a nationwide lockdown.https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/health-environment/article/3077799/coronavirus-indonesias-migrant-workers-urged-not
Association/institute
- The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is a group of states that are not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc. As of 2012, the movement has 120 members. The organization was founded in Belgrade in 1961, and was largely conceived by India's first prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru; Indonesia's first president, Sukarno; Egypt's second president, Gamal Abdel Nasser; Ghana's first president Kwame Nkrumah; and Yugoslavia's president, Josip Broz Tito. All five leaders were prominent advocates of a middle course for states in the Developing World between the Western and Eastern Blocs in the Cold War. The phrase itself was first used to represent the doctrine by Indian diplomat V. K. Krishna Menon in 1953, at the United Nations.[3][unreliable source?] In a speech given during the Havana Declaration of 1979, Fidel Castro said the purpose of the organization is to ensure "the national independence, sovereignty, territorial integrity and security of non-aligned countries" in their "struggle against imperialism, colonialism, neo-colonialism, racism, and all forms of foreign aggression, occupation, domination, interference or hegemony as well as against great power and bloc politics". The countries of the Non-Aligned Movement represent nearly two-thirds of the United Nations's members and contain 55% of the world population. Membership is particularly concentrated in countries considered to be developing or part of the Third World.
- thinktank
- fashion
- islam
sovereign fund
- https://www.ft.com/content/bd596f2c-14a2-11ea-9ee4-11f260415385 Indonesia is looking to establish a sovereign wealth fund modelled on Singapore’s state investment vehicle, Temasek Holdings, or Khazanah, the Malaysian equivalent, to support local start-ups and to boost economic growth. The government has yet to decide the size of the initiative or the source of its funding, according to people with direct knowledge of the plan. But earlier statements from the government on the likely size of any sovereign wealth fund have estimated it at up to $10bn. The proposal is being backed by three ministries — the ministry of finance, the investment ministry and the ministry in charge of state-owned enterprises, the people with knowledge of the plan said. Jakarta is keen not only to emulate the success of Singapore’s state-led investment model but also to ensure greater domestic participation in the country’s burgeoning tech start-up sector. The Singapore government’s Economic Development Board and its investment arm, Enterprise Singapore, along with Temasek, invest in start-ups and the investment companies that back them, targeting not only the domestic market but also south-east Asia and India.
Trade and investment environment
- tpp
- http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/35e93ab8-56f6-11e5-9846-de406ccb37f2.html president Joko Widodo delivered the first part of his economic reform package yesterday in a push to bolster the flagging Indonesian economy as concerns mount over a possible US interest rate rise and the devaluation of the Chinese currency. Facing a see-sawing local currency and declining commodity prices Mr Widodo announced measures to overhaul 89 regulations crimping investment, in a riposte to critics the government had done little to make good on election promises to be business friendly. These included streamlining licensing and land acquisition for infrastructure projects and easing rules for foreigners to open foreign currency bank accounts. “I believe this first batch of economic reforms will strengthen the national industry, will develop the micro, small and medium sized businesses . . . and will improve trade among the regions,” said Mr Widodo. The president explained that a little more than half the government’s planned deregulation agenda has been announced, with further announcements expected later this month.
- trademark
- soybean
Industry
- energy
- electricity
- ecommerce
- oil
- food and beverage
- education
- Sukarno (born Kusno Sosrodihardjo; 6 June 1901 – 21 June 1970) was the first President of Indonesia, serving from 1945 to 1967. Sukarno was the leader of his country's struggle for Independence from the Netherlands. He was a prominent leader of Indonesia's nationalist movement during the Dutch colonial period, and spent over a decade under Dutch detention until released by the invading Japanese forces. Sukarno and his fellow nationalists collaborated to garner support for the Japanese war effort from the population, in exchange for Japanese aid in spreading nationalist ideas. After a chaotic period of parliamentary democracy, Sukarno established an autocratic system called "Guided Democracy" in 1957 that successfully ended the instability and rebellions which were threatening the survival of the diverse and fractious country. The early 1960s saw Sukarno veering Indonesia to the left by providing support and protection to the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) to the irritation of the military and Islamists. He also embarked on a series of aggressive foreign policies under the rubric of anti-imperialism, with aid from the Soviet Union and China. The failure of the 30 September Movement(1965) led to the destruction of the PKIand his replacement in 1967 by one of his generals, Suharto (see Transition to the New Order), and he remained under house arrest until his death.
- Abdurrahman Wahid (/ˌɑːbdʊəˈrɑːxmɑːn
Gus Dur (help·info), was an Indonesian Muslim religious and political leader who served as the President of Indonesia from 1999 to 2001. The long-time president of the Nahdlatul Ulama and the founder of the National Awakening Party (PKB), Wahid was the first elected president of Indonesia after the resignation of Suharto in 1998. His popular nickname Gus Dur, is derived from Gus, a common honorific for a son of kyai, from short-form of bagus ('handsome lad' in Javanese language); and Dur, short-form of his name, Abdurrahman.
- Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono GCB AC DUT (First Class) is an Indonesian politician and retired Army general officer who was the President of Indonesia from 2004 to 2014. He is currently the chairman of the Democratic Party of Indonesia and President of the Assembly and Chair of the Council of the Global Green Growth Institute. Yudhoyono won the 2004 presidential election, defeating incumbent President Megawati Sukarnoputri. Widely known in Indonesia by his initials "SBY", he was sworn into office on 20 October 2004, together with Jusuf Kalla as Vice-President. He ran for re-election in 2009 with Boediono as his running mate, and won with an outright majority of the votes in the first round of balloting; he was sworn in for a second term on 20 October 2009. Yudhoyono's term as President ended on 20 October 2014, after having held the office for 10 years.
- rich people/tycoon
- Corporate tax
- http://www.scmp.com/business/economy/article/1695211/indonesia-wants-state-firms-boost-capital-growth
Inbound investment
- http://www.scmp.com/business/article/1779742/boost-widodo-investment-indonesia-picks-record Foreign direct investment in Indonesia quickened in the first full quarter since Joko Widodo became president, providing a boost to the leader's goal of revitalising Southeast Asia's biggest economy. Approved foreign investment climbed 14 per cent in the first three months of 2015, faster than the 10.5 per cent rate in the previous quarter, according to Indonesia Investment Coordinating Board data released in Jakarta on Tuesday. Total investment rose 16.9 per cent to a quarterly record of 124.6 trillion rupiah (HK$74.4 billion), it said. Widodo, known as Jokowi, took office in October pledging to lift growth by cutting red tape, building infrastructure and attracting investment. By January, he had scrapped petrol subsidies to free up government funds for spending on transport and other works. Yet in the ensuing months, his ministers announced rules that made it harder to do business, including a ban on selling beer in convenience stores and a plan to require proficiency in Indonesian from foreigners seeking employment.
Deregulation
- http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/09/02/indonesia-regulations-idUSL4N11824M20150902 Indonesia's government on Wednesday promised quick and "massive deregulation" in manufacturing, trade and agriculture to attract much needed investment in Southeast Asia's largest economy.
The measures are part of a stimulus package being finalized this month by President Joko Widodo in a bid to improve investor sentiment, which has soured due to slowing domestic consumption, China's downturn and weak commodity prices. "We need to carry out massive deregulation and introduce new regulations that will really create a good climate for the economy as soon as possible," Widodo said in a cabinet meeting. "We are racing against time."
Chief economic minister Darmin Nasution said 160 regulations were identified as being negative for investors. The president and cabinet ministers plan to review these regulations in marathon meetings over the next few days to decide which ones to eliminate. "As a consequence we will meet continuously in Bogor starting from tomorrow," Nasution said, referring to a city near the capital where the administration often meets. "If we need to sleep overnight there, we will sleep overnight there."
The stimulus package will also include tax holidays and a new import policy for beef, an important source of protein in the Indonesian diet.
The mining sector was not among the industries being targeted for deregulation, Nasution said. The government was instead looking at how to provide incentives to accelerate smelter developments.
Widodo, a former furniture salesman who became the governor of Jakarta before winning the presidency, also promised to work with parliament to tweak laws seen as obstacles to investment.
Tourist visa
- http://www.scmp.com/news/asia/article/1740576/indonesia-allow-tourists-30-more-countries-visit-without-visa Indonesia will soon allow tourists from an additional 30 countries to visit without a visa, a minister said, but neighbouring Australia was left off the list amid a row over looming executions.
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20170708/00180_012.html印尼政府周一宣布，有意把首都遷出雅加達，預計準備工作會在明年啟動，暫未知遷都何處。國家發展計劃部表示，已與總統維多多商討相關經費和評估等，惟有議員認為此舉將加重財政負擔。
- 印尼近年受水浸及地震威脅，總統維多多日前受訪時強調首都雅加達的陸沉危機，指政府必須盡快修建包圍該市的堤壩。他亦重申欲把行政及經濟重心分開，不想所有資源只集中於爪哇島，希望其他地方都可以發展。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190730/00180_015.html
- https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/politics/article/3024693/saint-jokoburg-jokopolis-indonesias-new-capital-sparks-name-meme An hour after Indonesian President Joko Widodo announced that the country’s capital would move from Jakarta to a site on Borneo island , there was a surge in Google searches for “Penajam Paser Utara” and “Kutai Kartanegara”, the two municipalities the new city will straddle. Indonesians led the way with the searches, followed by Malaysia, then Singapore, Hong Kong and Taiwan. But it was Indonesian Twitter users who got the most creative, issuing memes and jibes about the tongue-twisting names of the two regencies and suggesting names for the yet-to-be named new city. “What’s the capital of the USA? Washington DC. What’s the capital of Indonesia? Penajam Paser Utara and Kutai Kartanegara. Wow, that is a long name,” said Twitter user @rosadicted. Names suggested included Saint Jokoburg, Penakut (a mash-up of the two regencies that translates to “scaredy cat”), Jokowikarta (in reference to Widodo’s nickname Jokowi), Jakarta the second and Kota Indonesia (Indonesia city). Another user, Ruli Harahap, said he was “disappointed Widodo did not choose to name the capital Jokopolis. Or Jokowiville”.Other users pointed out that Kutai Kartanegara could be confused with Kertanegara, an area in south Jakarta, which is home to former general Prabowo Subianto , who earlier this year unsuccessfully challenged Widodo for the presidency.
- https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/southeast-asia/article/3046120/indonesia-taps-tony-blair-and-abu-dhabis-crown-prince Abu Dhabi’s crown prince has agreed to lead a committee that will oversee the
construction of a new capital city for Indonesia that is estimated to cost US$34 billion, an Indonesian official said on Tuesday. Crown Prince Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan said it would be “an honour to play a role in the development of the largest Muslim-majority country,” Indonesian Coordinating Maritime Affairs and Investment Minister Luhut Binsar Pandjaitan said in a statement. The committee will also include Masayoshi Son, the billionaire founder and chief executive of Japanese holding company SoftBank, and former British Prime Minister Tony Blair, who currently runs the Tony Blair Institute for Global Change, he said.
- https://www.reuters.com/article/us-indonesia-capital-softbank/indonesian-minister-says-softbank-offering-to-invest-up-to-40-billion-in-new-capital-idUSKBN1ZG18H
Fishing policy
- http://www.economist.com/news/asia/21637451-new-administration-path-prosperity-watery-one-fishing-trips
Deforestation
- http://www.economist.com/news/asia/21710844-weather-helping-little-despite-tough-talk-indonesias-government-struggling-stem
Fuel subsidy
- http://www.economist.com/news/asia/21638179-jokowi-abandons-wasteful-fuel-subsidies-fiscal-prospects-brighten-good-scrap
The Jakarta Tower (Menara Jakarta) is a partly built tower in Jakarta, Indonesia. If completed, it will stand 558 metres (1,831 ft) tall up to the antenna and would be the tallest freestanding tower in the Southern Hemisphere. Located in Kemayoran, Central Jakarta, work was initially started in 1997, but was halted by the Asian economic crisis. As of 2015, the project is still on hold. The Suharto regime intended Jakarta Tower to be the tallest structure in the world. International architecture design firms were invited to propose designs for the structure. The design itself should represent Trilogi Pembangunan(government's national development philosophy), Pancasila (the national philosophy, which consists of five factors), and August 17 (Indonesia's independence day). The winning design was created by Murphi/Iohn from the United States. However, since the design was too costly to develop, the government opted the runner-up design by East China Architecture Design & Research Institute (ECADI), who created the Shanghai Oriental Pearl Tower in China. The development of the tower was initially developed by Sudwikatmono, Prajogo Pangestu and Henry Pribadi, operated by the company, PT Indocitra Graha Bawana. Its cost was estimated around 400 million US dollars (at that time, still around Rp 900 billion). Originally, the Jakarta Tower was to be built in the Kuningan area, but Soerjadi Soedirdja, the Governor of Special Capital District of Jakarta at that time, did not agree, and proposed to build it in the Kemayoran area that was still under-developed. When the economic crisis hit Asia in 1997, the Indonesian property industry fell and plenty of construction projects were either postponed or cancelled, including the Trilogy Tower. By stopping the development of this tower, concretes that have been buried were abandoned and this area became a wide puddle.After the Indonesian economy began to rise again, the government of Jakarta continued the development of this tower and returning the name back to the Jakarta Tower. The Jakarta Tower then was continued in 2003 went through a new consortium, namely PT Persada Japa Pamudja (PJP) that consisted of national rich businessmen.On October 2010, Wiratman Wangsadinata, Jakarta Tower's consultant and designer, officially announced that Jakarta Tower's construction had been suspended due to lack of finance. In July 2015, one of the largest developers in Indonesia began to marketing about 6 condominiums, 1 grade A office tower and 1 prestigious mall in town, and might remark the project as cancelled.
- During the period of the current development (2006–2011), one of the controversy that enough to come to the forefront about the Jakarta Tower is that this tower will become Christian Center that is supported by the Church of Bethany Indonesia. Regarding to Abraham Alex Tanusaputra, the President Commissioner of this project developer, PT Prasada Japa Pamudja that is also the General Chairman of Indonesia Bethany Church Congress. Moreover, Bethany's group often acknowledged this project as the Jakarta Prayer Tower or Jakarta Revival Center.
Domestic helper
- Indonesia will stop allowing women from the country to work as live-in maids in any foreign nation beginning next year. The authorities want the maids to be employed as formal workers with stipulated working hours and they must have a weekly dat off. Indonesian Ambassador Herman Prayitno said the government does not want the workers to stay at the employer's house. http://www.ibtimes.sg/indonesia-ban-women-working-live-maids-abroad-1483
National flag
- The flag's colours are derived from the banner of the 13th century Majapahit Empire. However, it has been suggested that the red and white symbolism can trace its origin to the older common Austronesian mythology of the duality of Mother Earth (red) and Father Sky (white). This is why these colours appear in so many flags throughout Austronesia, from Tahiti to Madagascar. The earliest records of the red and white panji or pataka (a long flag on a curved bamboo pole) can be found in the Pararaton chronicle; according to this source, the Jayakatwang troops from Gelang-Gelang hoisted the red and white banner during their invasion of Singhasari in the early 12th century. This suggests that even before the Majapahit era, the red and white colours were already revered and used as the kingdom's banner in the Kediri era (1042-c.1222).
language
- https://www.quora.com/Why-has-the-language-policy-been-successful-in-Indonesia
indonesian (language)
- https://www.quora.com/In-what-parts-of-Indonesia-is-Indonesian-spoken-as-the-mother-tongue-It-seems-to-be-everyones-second-language-in-the-whole-country
- https://www.quora.com/What-are-some-typical-sayings-in-Indonesian-English Indonesian phrase “zaman sekarang”, which means present-day, as opposed to “zaman dulu”, which means “in the olden days
- https://www.quora.com/Is-Bahasa-Indonesia-easy-for-English-speakers-to-learn-If-so-why
- baka
arts
- Batik (Javanese pronunciation: [ˈbateʔ]; Indonesian: [ˈbatɪk]) is a technique of wax-resist dyeing applied to whole cloth, or cloth made using this technique. Batik is made either by drawing dots and lines of the resist with a spouted tool called a canting (IPA: [ʈ͡ʂantiŋ], also spelled tjanting), or by printing the resist with a copper stamp called a cap (IPA: [ʈ͡ʂap], also spelled tjap). The applied wax resists dyes and therefore allows the artisan to colour selectively by soaking the cloth in one colour, removing the wax with boiling water, and repeating if multiple colours are desired. A tradition of making batik is found in various countries, including Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Philippines and Nigeria; the batik of Indonesia, however, is the best-known. Indonesian batik made in the island of Java has a long history of acculturation, with diverse patterns influenced by a variety of cultures, and is the most developed in terms of pattern, technique, and the quality of workmanship. On October 2009, UNESCO designated Indonesian batik as a Masterpiece of Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.
- palepai - Described by generations of foreign ethnographers and collectors as "ship cloths" because of the predominance of a ship motif, they were said to represent the "ship of the dead." In Sumatra these cloths are also called sesai balak("big wall").
Culture
- Togog adalah putra dewa yang lahir sebelum Semar, tapi karena tidak mampu mengayomi bumi maka Togog kembali ke asal lagi alias tidak jadi lahir. Dan pada waktu bersamaan lahirlah Semar.
- keris (knife)
- dance
food
- Nasi Padang is a Padang steamed rice served with various choices of pre-cooked dishes originated from West Sumatra, Indonesia. It is known across Indonesia as Nasi Padang, after the city of Padang the capital of West Sumatra province. Nasi Padang (Padang-style rice) is a miniature banquet of meats, fish, vegetables, and spicy sambals eaten with plain white rice, it is Sumatra's most famous export and the Minangkabau's great contribution to Indonesian cuisine.Nasi Padang served in Padang restaurants are easily found in various Indonesian cities in Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, and Papua, to neighboring countries Malaysia and Singapore, and Australia because of Minangkabau people merantau (migrating) tradition contributed to the dispersion of Minang diaspora outside their traditional homeland in West Sumatra. Based on CNN Travel, Nasi Padang is listed as one of 40 food that Singaporeans cannot live without.
traditional medicine
- Jamu (old spelling Djamu) is a traditional medicine from Indonesia. It is predominantly a herbal medicine made from natural materials, such as roots, bark, flowers, seeds, leaves and fruits.[1] Materials acquired from animals, such as honey, royal jelly, milk and ayam kampung eggs are also often used. Jamu can be found throughout Indonesia, however it is most prevalent in Java, where Mbok Jamu, the traditional kainkebaya-wearing young to middle-aged Javanese woman carrying bamboo basket, filled with bottles of jamu on her back, travelling villages and towns alleys, offering her fares of traditional herbal medicine, can be found. In many large cities jamu herbal medicine is sold on the street by hawkers carry a refreshing drink, usually bitter but sweetened with honey or palm sugar. The traditional method of carrying. Herbal medicine is also produced in factories by large companies such as Air Mancur, Nyonya Meneer or Djamu Djago, and sold at various drug stores in sachet packaging. Packaged dried jamu should be dissolved in hot water first before drinking. Nowadays herbal medicine is also sold in the form of tablets, caplets and capsules. These jamu brands are united in an Indonesian Herbal and Traditional Medicine Association, locally known as Gabungan Pengusaha Jamu (GP Jamu).
costume
- https://www.quora.com/Can-you-show-me-some-pictures-about-traditional-dresses-in-your-country/answer/Donal-M-1
Folk song
- "Terang Bulan" (Indonesian for "Bright Moon") is a traditional Indonesian folk song.The song was a traditional Indonesian folk song.The melody became popular and was given its present name, becoming an enduring Malay evergreen at parties and cabarets in the 1920s and 1930s. Since the independence of the Federation of Malaya in 1957, public performances of the song and its melody have outlawed, as any such use is proscribed by statute.
Gamelan (/ˈɡæməlæn/[1]) is thetraditional ensemble music ofJava and Bali in Indonesia, made up predominantly of percussive instruments.
Literature
- http://www.economist.com/news/books-and-arts/21688833-brash-worldly-and-wickedly-funny-eka-kurniawan-may-be-south-east-asias-most-ambitious
film
- indonesian theme in international films
religion
- in ancient java, buddhism was less popular than hinduism. Earliest statues and temples were dedicated to siva and visnu (cakra is a symbol of visnu). Buddhism did have powerful royal patrons and both buddhism and hinduism were linked to 2 families who formed the ruling elite of javanese society during the borobudur period: the sanjaya and the sailendra. Buddhism was closely linked to an influential family known as sailendra or "lords of mountain". The family became a dominant political family in java around AD780, when they displaced another group known as sanjaya. The sanjaya were an older elite who were devotees of hinduism and had been important since at least AD732, the date of earliest known inscription (found on mount wukir) to mention a kingdom in central java, in which a king sanjaya is mentioned. The two families intermarried.
- In 832, Sailendra queen, sri kahulunan, married a sanjaya known as rakai pikatan. Pikatan gave donations to various buddhist sanctuaries, including Plaosan; and also devoted to construction of hindu complex at prambanan that is now known as loro jonggrang. He had war with sailendran prince balaputra. After AD850, Sanjaya held supreme power in java, and without support of sailendra, no more great buddhist monuments were built.
- in modern indonesia, five religions are recognised by the government: buddhism, islam, balinese hinduism, protestantism and catholism. Buddhists and balinese hindus together make up about three pc of indonesia's population.
- 印尼一個最近由敍利亞返國的六口之家，昨日對國內第二大城市泗水三間教堂發動連環自殺式炸彈襲擊，造成至少十三人死亡及四十一人受傷。
http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20180514/00180_005.html
- islam
Historic men
- http://edition.cnn.com/2016/06/09/asia/indonesia-flores-hobbits-trnd/ More than a decade after scientists found fossil evidence of a tiny race of humans -- nicknamed the "Hobbits" -- on the Indonesian island of Flores, we now know how they became so small. A partial lower jaw and six teeth, belonging to at least one adult and two children and dating to around 700,000 years ago, show how the Hobbits' regular-sized ancestors "rapidly" shrank to around 3.2 feet (one meter) high.
diaspora
- [precarious belongings] in the 1980s the militaristics new order state led by then president suharto first encouraged temporary transnational female labor migration as part of its development agenda. Rural, uneducated women were targeted. Initially this appear to contradict the state's earlier islamic and nationalistic discourses of kodrat, which refers broadly to the idea of fixed destinies and duties that are specific to men and women (men breadwinners and women's place is in the home as nurturing mothers and wives). Even in 1970s, under the banner of women and development when the state encouraged women to labor in the wage-earning sphere, this was on condition that women did not neglect their domestic duties. By 1990s, in the state's promotion or labour migration to the middle east, their dominant vision of idealised feminity was translated into a migratory income-earning woman for the sake of the national family's larger goal of eoncomic development. Recruitment agencies and state representatives encouraged women's migration to saudi arabia rather than non-muslim countries like hk or singapore. Particularly appealing for many women was the possibility of making the pilgrimage to mecca. The increase of remittances around the muslim fasting month of ramadhan lined with migration with the fulfilment of national, religious and familial duties. In the 21st c, muslim women began to face religious based social sanctions against their transnational mobility. The National council of ulama (mui) declared female labor migration to be un-islamic. Although the national regulation of placement and protection of migrant workers stipulates that all migrants require the written permission of a spouse or kin to migrate, in practice, this is only applied to women migrants. A woman requires permission from her father or , if married, her husband. Nonetheless, these religious-based social sanctions and legal stipulations are only loosely and unevenly enforced in central java. Thousands of central javanese muslim women do not only continue to migrate annually but are also, in many cases, publicly and privately encouraged and praised for doing so.
- taiwan
indigenous/ethnic
- Native Indonesians, or Pribumi (literally "inlanders"), are members of the population group in Indonesia that shares a similar sociocultural and ethnic heritage whose members are considered natives of the country.In ancient Java, the ideas of native versus foreign identities are usually confined into ethno-cultural and language boundaries, as the ideas of Javanese identity being developed. The Kaladi inscription (c. 909 CE), mentioned Kmir (Khmer people of Khmer kingdom) together with Campa (Champa) and Rman (Mon) as foreigners from mainland Southeast Asia that frequently came to Java to trade.[11] The Anjukladang inscription (c. 937 CE) mentioned about infiltration attack from Malayu (which refer to a Srivijayan attack). In this inscription, the ideas of native Javanese is contrasted to its "foreign nemesis", the Malays of Sumatra.
- The Toraja are an ethnic group indigenous to a mountainous region of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Their population is approximately 1,100,000, of whom 450,000 live in the regency of Tana Toraja ("Land of Toraja"). Most of the population is Christian, and others are Muslim or have local animist beliefs known as aluk ("the way"). The Indonesian government has recognised this animist belief as Aluk To Dolo ("Way of the Ancestors"). The word toraja comes from the Bugis Buginese language term to riaja, meaning "people of the uplands". The Dutch colonial government named the people Toraja in 1909. Torajans are renowned for their elaborate funeral rites, burial sites carved into rocky cliffs, massive peaked-roof traditional houses known as tongkonan, and colourful wood carvings. Toraja funeral rites are important social events, usually attended by hundreds of people and lasting for several days. Before the 20th century, Torajans lived in autonomous villages, where they practised animism and were relatively untouched by the outside world. In the early 1900s, Dutch missionaries first worked to convert Torajan highlanders to Christianity. When the Tana Toraja regency was further opened to the outside world in the 1970s, it became an icon of tourism in Indonesia: it was exploited by tourism developers and studied by anthropologists. By the 1990s, when tourism peaked, Toraja society had changed significantly, from an agrarian model — in which social life and customs were outgrowths of the Aluk To Dolo—to a largely Christian society. Today, tourism and remittances from migrant Torajans have made for major changes in the Toraja highland, giving the Toraja a celebrity status within Indonesia and enhancing Toraja ethnic group pride.
- 米南佳保人（印尼语：Minangkabau）也称“米南人”（Minang）或“巴东人”（Padang）Minangkabau people (Minangkabau: Urang Minang; Indonesian: Suku Minang; Jawi: اورڠ مينڠ), also known as Minang, is an ethnic group indigenous to the Minangkabau Highlands of West Sumatra, Indonesia. The Minangkabau are the largest matrilineal society in the world, with property, family name and land passing down from mother to daughter, while religious and political affairs are the responsibility of men, although some women also play important roles in these areas. This custom is called Lareh Bodi Caniago and is known as Adat perpatih in Malaysia. Today 4.2 million Minangs live in the homeland of West Sumatra, while about 60% of the people are scattered throughout many Indonesian and Malay Peninsular cities and towns.The Minangkabau are famous for their dedication to education, as well as the widespread diaspora of their men throughout southeast Asia, the result being that Minangs have been disproportionately successful in gaining positions of economic and political power throughout the region. The co-founder of the Republic of Indonesia, Mohammad Hatta, was a Minang, as were the first President of Singapore, Yusof bin Ishak, and the first Supreme Head of State or Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia, Tuanku Abdul Rahman. The Minangkabau are strongly Islamic, but also follow their ethnic traditions, or adat. The Minangkabau adat was derived from animist and Hindu-Buddhist beliefs before the arrival of Islam, and remnants of animist beliefs still exist even among some practising Muslims. The present relationship between Islam and adat is described in the saying "tradition [adat] founded upon Islamic law, Islamic law founded upon the Qur'an" (adat basandi syara', syara' basandi Kitabullah).Based on the Raffles' vision, Minangkabau is believed to have been the cradle of the Malay race. Their West Sumatran homelands was the seat of the Pagaruyung Kingdom and the location of the Padri War (1821 to 1837). The name Minangkabau has been falsely thought to be a conjunction of two words, minang ("victorious") and kabau ("buffalo"). There is allegedly a legend that the name is derived from a territorial dispute between the Minangkabau and a neighbouring prince. To avoid a battle, the local people proposed a fight to the death between two water buffalo to settle the dispute. The prince agreed and produced the largest, meanest, most aggressive buffalo. The Minangkabau produced a hungry baby buffalo with its small horns ground to be as sharp as knives. Seeing the adult buffalo across the field, the baby ran forward, hoping for milk. The big buffalo saw no threat in the baby buffalo and paid no attention to it, looking around for a worthy opponent. But when the baby thrust his head under the big bull's belly, looking for an udder, the sharpened horns punctured and killed the bull, and the Minangkabau won the contest and the dispute.
History
- The Medang or Mataram Kingdom was a Javanese Hindu–Buddhist kingdom that flourished between the 8th and 10th centuries. It was based in Central Java, and later in East Java. Established by King Sanjaya, the kingdom was ruled by the Sailendra dynasty. During most of its history, the kingdom seems to rely heavily on agricultural pursuit, especially extensive rice farming, and later also benefited from the maritime trade. According to foreign sources and archaeological findings, the kingdom seems to be well populated and quite prosperous. The kingdom had developed a complex society, they had a well developed culture and had achieved a degree of sophistication and refined civilisation. In the period between the late 8th century to the mid-9th century, the kingdom saw the blossoming of classical Javanese art and architecture, testified by the rapid growth of temple construction dotted the landscape of its heartland in Mataram (Kedu and Kewu Plain). The most notable temples constructed in Medang Mataram are Kalasan, Sewu, Borobudur and Prambanan temples. By 850, the kingdom had become the dominant power in Java and later of its history, was a serious rival to the hegemonic Srivijaya Empire.
- The Kingdom of Bali was a series of Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms that once ruled some parts of the volcanic island of Bali, in Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia. With a history of native Balinese kingship spanning from the early 10th to early 20th centuries, Balinese kingdoms demonstrated sophisticated Balinese court culture where native elements of spirit and ancestral reverence combined with Hindu influences – adopted from India through ancient Java intermediary – flourished, enriched and shaped the Balinese culture. Since the mid-19th century, the colonial state of Dutch East Indies began its involvements in Bali, as they launched their campaign against Balinese minor kingdoms one by one. By the early 20th century, the Dutch has completed their conquest of Bali as these minor kingdoms fell under their control, either by force resulted in Puputan fighting followed by mass ritual suicide, or surrendered graciously to the Dutch. Either way, despite some of these Balinese royal houses still surviving, these events ended a millennium of the native Balinese independent kingdoms, as the local government changed to Dutch colonial administration, and later to provincial government of Bali within the Republic of Indonesia.
- The Sultanate of Mataram /məˈtɑːrəm/ was the last major independent Javanese kingdom on Java before the island was colonised by the Dutch. It was the dominant political force radiating from the interior Central Java from the late 16th century until the beginning of the 18th century. Mataram reached its peak of power during the reign of Sultan Agung Hanyokrokusumo (r. 1613–1645), and began to decline after his death in 1645. By the mid-18th century, Mataram lost both power and territory to the Dutch East India Company (Dutch: Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie; VOC). It had become a vassal state of the company by 1749.
- The Indonesian National Revolution, or Indonesian War of Independence (Indonesian: Perang Kemerdekaan Indonesia; Dutch: Indonesische Onafhankelijkheidsoorlog), was an armed conflict and diplomatic struggle between the Republic of Indonesia and the Dutch Empire and an internal social revolution during postwar and postcolonial Indonesia. It took place between Indonesia's declaration of independence in 1945 and the Netherlands' recognition of Indonesia's independence at the end of 1949. The revolution marked the end of the colonial administration of the Dutch East Indies, except for Netherlands New Guinea. It also significantly changed ethnic castes as well as reducing the power of many of the local rulers (raja). It did not significantly improve the economic or political fortune of the majority of the population, although a few Indonesians were able to gain a larger role in commerce.
- historical places
Opec
- http://jakartaglobe.beritasatu.com/commodities/indonesia-hopes-rejoin-opec-year-end/ Indonesia hopes to rejoin OPEC by the group's next meeting in around six months' time, Energy Minister Sudirman Said said on Thursday. Last month, the minister said the country's President Joko Widodo had agreed to a plan for Indonesia to rejoin the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, over six years after Southeast Asia's biggest crude producer left the group. "We didn't withdraw our membership, we just suspended it," Sudirman told reporters in Vienna ahead of OPEC's meeting on Friday in which the group is expected to agree on maintaining its current production ceiling for the next six months. He said OPEC, of which 12 countries are currently members, would discuss the request soon.
Usa
-http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/c65b8c78-12cf-11e6-91da-096d89bd2173.html
Grasberg has been the foundation of Freeport’s place as the world’s largest listed copper mining company for almost 30 years. But now that control is mired in uncertainty, with Freeport struggling to gain approval from the Indonesian government for an extension to its Grasberg contract, amid nationalist desire to control more natural resources in Southeast Asia’s largest economy.
- Indonesia is ready to curb imports from the European Union should the bloc make it harder for member countries to purchase palm oil produced in Southeast Asia's largest country, Trade Minister Enggartiasto Lukita told reporters on Friday (03/11).
uk
- The UK and Indonesia have today (Wednesday 16 October) agreed to begin a round of exploratory trade talks. Her Majesty’s Trade Commissioner for Asia Pacific, Natalie Black, has today signed the terms of reference that will see both countries hold a Joint Trade Review. Indonesia’s Director General of International Trade Negotiation, Mr. Iman Pambagyo, signed the terms of reference alongside Ms Black in Tangerang. UK and Indonesian trade officials will meet in London in December to begin the review.https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-indonesia-announce-new-joint-trade-review
France
- French companies are helping to establish so-called smart cities across the archipelago as part of efforts to enhance the partnership between Indonesia and France, while promoting the latest technologies in sustainable urban development. http://jakartaglobe.id/news/indonesia-set-to-develop-smart-cities-with-french-expertise/
Netherlands
- Mangkunegaran is a small hereditary Duchylocated within the region of Surakarta inIndonesia. It was established in 1757 by Raden Mas Said, when he submitted his army toPakubuwono III in February, and swore allegiance to the rulers of Surakarta,Yogyakarta, and the Dutch East Indies Company, and was given an appanage of 4000 households.
- Raden Saleh Sjarif Boestaman (1811 – 23 April 1880) was a pioneeringIndonesian Romantic painter of Arab-Javanese ethnicity. He was considered to be the first "modern" artist from Indonesia (then Dutch East Indies), and his paintings corresponded with nineteenth-century romanticism which was popular in Europe at the time. He also expressed his cultural roots and inventiveness in his work.
Raden Saleh Sjarif Boestaman was born in 1811 in Semarang on the island of Java in theDutch East Indies (present-day Indonesia). He was born into a noble Hadhrami family where his father was Sayyid Husen bin Alwi bin Awal bin Yahya, an Indonesian of Arab descent. He was the grandson of Sayyid Abdullah Bustaman maternally. Raden Saleh is particularly remembered for his historical painting, The Arrest of Pangeran Diponegoro, which depicted the betrayal of the rebel leader Prince Diponegoro by the colonial government, thus ending the Java Warin 1830. The Prince was tricked into entering Dutch custody near Magelang, believing he was there for negotiations of a possible cease-fire. He was captured through treachery and later deported. Saleh finished this painting in 1857 and presented it to Willem III of Netherlands in The Hague. It was returned to Indonesia in 1978 as a realization of a cultural agreement between the two countries in 1969, regarding the return of cultural items which were taken, lent, or exchanged to the Dutch in the previous eras. However, the painting did not fall under any of those category because Saleh presented it to the King of Netherland and was never in the possession of Indonesia. It was returned as a gift from the Royal Palace of Amsterdam, and is currently displayed at the Merdeka Palace Museum in Jakarta.
- Pieter Antonie Ouwens (14 February 1849, Amsterdam – 5 March 1922, Buitenzorg) was a Dutch scientist and Director of the Java Zoological Museum and Botanical Gardens. He is best known for writing the first formal description of the Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis) in 1912.
Australia
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20170105/00180_024.html印尼陸軍特種部隊自上月底開始，在澳洲珀斯與該國的空降特勤隊（SAS）進行聯合訓練。但昨日印尼軍方證實，訓練上周起已停止，兩國的軍事合作亦告暫停。有印尼傳媒披露，事件與訓練中教學資料涉侮辱印尼「建國五原則」有關。印尼總統維多多及國防部長均重申，這並非他們的決定，形容事件被人誇大處理。
Japan
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20160505/00180_021.html 印尼政府日前落實，在西爪哇省建設該國最大港口。早前在印尼高鐵訂單爭奪戰中敗給中國的日本，表明有意參與該項價值高達三十三億美元（約二百六十億港元）的港口建設工程。報道指，日方正考慮積極合作興建港口，正與印尼洽談日圓貸款事宜。敲定的港口位於雅加達以東約一百廿公里，預計後年動工，最早於二○一九年局部投入運作。
- http://www.scmp.com/business/global-economy/article/1838665/japanese-automakers-stick-sales-targets-indonesia
south korea
- fta
- https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/southeast-asia/article/2186169/consortium-led-south-korean-company-build-us65-billion A private consortium led by a South Korean company has announced that it will invest an estimated US$6.5 billion in a new industrial zone, seaport and coal-fired power plant in Indonesia’s North Kalimantan province.The project will be built on 5,664 hectares of land at the Tanah Kuning-Mangkupadi international port and industrial zone, which is currently under construction.Choi Jong-oh, CEO of consortium leader PT Dragon Land, said the exact amount to be invested will only be fixed once a feasibility study, bankrolled by the South Korean government, has been completed in about a year’s time. Jo Sol, from South Korea’s Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, confirmed that Seoul had agreed to grant Jakarta US$600,000 for the study. The seaport alone is expected to cost US$700 million to construct, according to Choi, and will be equipped to handle a sizeable chunk of the vast quantities of coal and other natural resources that are extracted each year from Kalimantan, which comprises the Indonesian portion of the island of Borneo.
Malaysia
- The Indonesian–Malaysian confrontation or Borneo confrontation (also known by its Indonesian/Malay name, Konfrontasi) was a violent conflict from 1963–66 that stemmed from Indonesia's opposition to the creation of Malaysia. The creation of Malaysia was the amalgamation of the Federation of Malaya (now West Malaysia), Singapore and the crown colony/British protectorates of North Borneo and Sarawak (collectively known as British Borneo, now East Malaysia) in September 1963.[12] Important precursors to the conflict included Indonesia's policy of confrontation against Netherlands New Guinea from March–August 1962 and the Brunei Revolt in December 1962. The confrontation was an undeclared war with most of the action occurring in the border area between Indonesia and East Malaysia on the island of Borneo (known as Kalimantan in Indonesia). The conflict was characterised by restrained and isolated ground combat, set within tactics of low-level brinkmanship. Combat was usually conducted by company- or platoon-sized operations on either side of the border. Indonesia's campaign of infiltrations into Borneo sought to exploit the ethnic and religious diversity in Sabah and Sarawak compared to that of Malaya and Singapore, with the intent of unraveling the proposed stateof Malaysia.The intensity of the conflict began to subside following the events of the 30 September Movement and Suharto's rise to power. A new round of peace negotiations between Indonesia and Malaysia began in May 1966 and a final peace agreement was signed on 11 August 1966 with Indonesia formally recognising Malaysia.
singapore
- https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/explained/article/3023918/whats-behind-indonesias-move-reclaim-control-riau-islands When Indonesian President Joko Widodo met with Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamadearlier this month, one item of discussion was on Jakarta’s flight information region (FIR), according to a statement put out by Kuala Lumpur after the meeting.
Trade
- http://www.scmp.com/business/commodities/article/1627868/alumina-sees-bauxite-ore-shortage-china-amid-indonesian-ban
Investment Environment
- http://www.scmp.com/property/international/article/1844243/indonesia-revise-rules-allow-foreign-investment-real-estate
- terminating investment treaties:
Homegrown brands
Event
- Trade Expo Indonesia http://www.tradexpoindonesia.com/
- SME service center http://servicecenter.indonesiansme.com/
- national board for the placement and protection of indonesian overseas workers
Aceh (/ˈɑːtʃeɪ/); (Acehnese: Acèh ([ʔaˈtɕɛh]); Jawi: اچيه; Dutch: Atjeh or Acheh; Indonesian: Provinsi Aceh) is a special region of Indonesia. The territory is located at the northern end of Sumatra. Its capital is Banda Aceh. It is close to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands of India and separated from them by the Andaman Sea. There are 10 indigenous ethnic groups in this region, the largest being the Acehnese people, accounting for approximately 80% to 90% of the region's population. Aceh is thought to have been the place where the spread of Islam in Indonesia began, and was a key factor of the spread of Islam in Southeast Asia. Islam reached Aceh (Kingdoms of Fansur and Lamuri) around 1250 AD. In the early seventeenth century the Sultanate of Aceh was the most wealthy, powerful and cultivated state in the Malacca Straits region. Aceh has a history of political independence and resistance to control by outsiders, including the former Dutch colonists and the Indonesian government. Aceh has substantial natural resources, including oil and natural gas; some estimates put Aceh gas reserves as being the largest in the world. Relative to most of Indonesia, it is a religiously conservative area. It has the highest proportion of Muslims in Indonesia, who mostly live according to Sharia customs and laws. Aceh was the closest point of land to the epicenter of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, which devastated much of the western coast of the province. Approximately 170,000 Indonesians were killed or went missing in the disaster. The disaster helped precipitate the peace agreement between the government of Indonesia and the Free Aceh Movement (GAM). Aceh was first known as Aceh Darussalam (1511–1959) and then later as the Daerah Istimewa Aceh (1959–2001), Nanggroë Aceh Darussalam (2001–2009) and Aceh (2009–present). Past spellings of Aceh include Acheh, Atjeh, and Achin.
Ambon island
- 1511 年，葡萄牙征服了當時航線的中心交會點、擁有國際商人社會的貿易中心麻六甲王國。隨後派遣弗朗西斯科．塞拉（Francisco Serrão）前往東印度群島的東部，尋找香料群島。後來，他們的船隊雖然不幸觸礁了，卻也因此幸運地抵達安汶北部的希杜，受到另外兩個競爭的島嶼王國特爾納特（Ternate）和蒂多雷（Tidore）的歡迎。1522 年，葡萄牙與特爾納特結盟，還取代爪哇成為重要的貿易船隊。然而在 1535 年，葡萄牙與特爾納特翻臉了！特爾納特的穆斯林社會向與葡萄牙不合，葡萄牙遂發動偷襲，將國王帶到果阿，並迫使國王改信基督徒。雖然十年後，葡萄牙又將特爾納特的國王送回國，但國王不幸的在麻六甲死去，臨死前將安汶島贈送給他的葡萄牙神父。最終於 1575 年，葡萄牙被特爾納特逐出，改與蒂多雷結盟，並將重心轉移至安汶，事實上，葡萄牙早在1557 年時就已取得澳門，商業目標早已轉移至澳門了。此時，十字架沿著劍的腳步進入東印度，並且產生永久的影響。其中最有名的人，就是耶穌會士沙勿略（San Francisco Javier）。他們的傳教在本地創造了一個基督教社會，並且不斷茁壯。這有助於安汶人與歐洲人產生共同利益感，而這正是他們與其他印尼人所不同的地方。荷蘭之所以決心前往東印度，打算取代葡萄牙的香料商人地位，原因是來自他們過去是葡萄牙香料在北歐的中間商。但是 1580 年時，西班牙國王腓力二世將葡萄牙兼併，成為葡萄牙國王，當時荷蘭早已為了反抗暴政，發動起義與西班牙開戰，再加上新舊教的鬥爭，導致荷蘭無法再取得香料。這兩個原因都加強了荷蘭的決心。透過商業間諜，荷蘭成功取得了葡萄牙保密的航海地圖，荷蘭商人爭相前往東印度貿易，但是過度競爭導致利潤降低，最後在國會建議下，1602 年，商人們組成了大家熟知的荷蘭東印度公司（VOC）。荷蘭東印度公司與葡萄牙在東方的戰事起初並不順利，但由於葡萄牙人與安汶人的不合，荷蘭與安汶聯合起來將葡萄牙逐出，取得了安汶島，並將葡萄牙的碉堡改名為「維多利亞堡」，這是日後南摩鹿加共和國的主要基地。而荷蘭也著手改造此地的信仰，將原本信仰的天主教改為喀爾文派。十九世紀時，荷蘭對東印度全境的征服，創造了印尼今天的國家疆界，而二十世紀的倫理政策和鎮壓政策，則創造了印尼民族主義者，並使自己成為促使印尼團結的大功臣：她成了印尼所有人的敵人。倫理政策的誕生，來自十九世紀荷蘭對印尼進行剝削以發展工業化的反省。人們認為應該將福利回饋至東印度「土著」身上，這在荷蘭輿論得到許多反響，當時的威廉明娜女王因此准許調查爪哇福利，開啟了一連串的政策。當時正值美蘇冷戰逐漸升溫的 1950 年代，印尼的多數政黨與領導人傾向社會主義，而安汶人看準此點，希望成為冷戰結構中「東南亞的臺灣」，意圖透過反對親左派的印尼政府，取得美國為首的反共集團支持，脫離印尼獨立出來，並於 1950 年 4 月 25 日成立南摩鹿加共和國（Republik Maluku Selatan，RMS），由曾任東印度尼西亞邦司法部長的蘇莫基爾（Chris Soumokil，1905-1966）領導。他們支持荷蘭的聯邦制，並承認荷蘭國王的統治權。7 月，印尼共和國軍隊全面進攻。在力量對比懸殊的狀況下，南摩鹿加共和國只撐到該年 11 月就陷落，主要的基地維多利亞堡遭到摧毀，政府成員被迫流亡荷蘭，成立流亡政府。https://gushi.tw/republik-maluku-selatan/
The Banda Islands
- Before the arrival of Europeans, Banda had an oligarchic form of government led by orang kaya ('rich men') and the Bandanese had an active and independent role in trade throughout the archipelago. Banda was the world's only source of nutmeg and mace, spices used as flavourings, medicines, and preserving agents that were at the time highly valued in European markets. They were sold by Arab traders to the Venetians for exorbitant prices. The traders did not divulge the exact location of their source and no European was able to deduce their location. The first written accounts of Banda are in Suma Oriental, a book written by the Portuguese apothecary Tomé Pires who was based in Malacca from 1512 to 1515 but visited Banda several times. On his first visit, he interviewed the Portuguese and the far more knowledgeable Malay sailors in Malacca. He estimated the early sixteenth century population to be 2500–3000. He reported the Bandanese as being part of an Indonesia-wide trading network and the only native Malukan long-range traders taking cargo to Malacca, although shipments from Banda were also being made by Javanese traders. In addition to the production of nutmeg and mace, Banda maintained significant entrepôt trade; goods that moved through Banda included cloves from Ternateand Tidore in the north, bird-of-paradise feathers from the Aru Islands and western New Guinea, massoi bark for traditional medicines and salves. In exchange, Banda predominantly received rice and cloth; namely light cotton batik from Java, calicoes from India and ikat from the Lesser Sundas. In 1603, an average quality sarong-sized cloth traded for eighteen kilograms of nutmeg. Some of these textiles were then on-sold, ending up in Halmahera and New Guinea. Coarserikat from the Lesser Sundas was traded for sago from the Kei Islands, Aru and Seram.
- dutch and british rivalry over monopoly of nutmeg trade in 17th century scmp 13aug17 article "nutmeg & a recipe for pluralism"
Bandung (/ˈbɑːndʊŋ/) (formerly Dutch: Stad Bandoeng, Sundanese: ᮘᮔ᮪ᮓᮥᮀ, Indonesian: Kota Bandung)万隆市（印尼语：Kota Bandung），位于印度尼西亚的西爪哇，古称勃良安，意为仙之国，现名意为山连山。为印尼第四大城市，也是西爪哇省的首府。第一次由亚洲及非洲部分国家召开的国际会议“万隆会议”，便是于1955年在万隆举行。
-La tradition sundanaise fait remonter la fondation du kabupaten de Bandung à 1488, à l'époque du royaume de Pajajaran. Une charte royale (piagam) datée du 20 avril 1641 stipule que le Sultan Agung du royaume de Mataram élève le tumenggung (fonctionnaire royal) Wiraangunangun à la dignité d' adipati (préfet). The official name of the city during the colonial Dutch East Indies period was Bandoeng.During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the Dutch East Indies Company (VOC) established plantations in the Bandung area. In 1786, a supply road connecting Batavia (now Jakarta), Bogor, Cianjur, Bandung, Sumedang and Cirebon was constructed. En 1808, Herman Willem Daendels, nommé gouverneur-général des Indes néerlandaises par Louis Bonaparte, roi de Hollande, réforme l'administration coloniale et fait construire une "Grande route postale" (Groote Postweg) reliant l'Ouest de Java à l'Est. In 1809, Napoleon Bonaparte, French Emperor and conqueror of much of Europe including the Netherlands and its colonies, ordered the Dutch Indies Governor H.W. Daendels to improve the defensive systems of Java to protect against the British in India.
- china
- 20日晚，印尼万隆市民的目光聚焦在亚非街附近一个院落式建筑里。万隆中国城的开业盛典，在中国式的热闹中上演。http://images.takungpao.com/2017/0822/thumb_347_575_20170822024718821.jpg
********* 邦加島 Bangka (or sometimes Banka) is an island lying east of Sumatra, administratively part of Sumatra, Indonesia, with a population of about 1 million. It is the 9th largest island in Indonesia and the main part of Bangka-Belitung Province, being one of its namesakes alongside the smaller Belitung across the Gaspar Strait. The provincial capital, Pangkal Pinang, lies on the island.Bangka was recorded as Pengjia hill (彭加山) in the 1436 Xingcha Shenglan, compiled by the Chinese soldier Fei Xin during the treasure voyages of Admiral Zheng He. Contemporary records show that the area - close to the busy Strait of Malacca and waters of the Musi River - had significant presence of Chinese traders.Later on, the island was taken over by the Johor and Minangkabau Sultanates which introduced Islam to the island. It continued to pass to the Banten Sultanate before it was then inherited by the nearby Palembang Sultanate sometime in the late 17th century. Soon after, around 1710, tin was discovered on the island which attracted migrants from across the archipelago and beyond.[6] Descendants of the Chinese immigrants, mainly from Guangdong, still form a large portion of modern Bangka's inhabitants.As tin mining developed further, the Palembang Sultanate sent for experts in Malay Peninsula and China. The Dutch East India Company managed to secure a monopolistic tin purchase agreement in 1722, but hostilities began to develop between the Sultan and the Dutch. During the British Invasion of Java in 1811, then-Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin attacked and massacred the staff of the Dutch post on the island. He was later deposed and executed by the British.[6] His successor ceded Bangka to Britain in 1812, but in 1814 Britain exchanged it with the Dutch for Cochin in India following the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814.Around the late years of the 18th century, Bangka was an important production center of tin in Asia, with annual outputs hovering around 1,250 tons[5]. In 1930 Bangka had a population of 205,363.[7]Japan occupied the island from February 1942 to August 1945 during World War II. The Japanese military perpetrated the Bangka Island massacre against Australian nurses and British and Australian servicemen and civilians.During the Indonesian National Revolution, republican leaders Sukarno and Hatta were exiled in Bangka in the aftermath of Operation Kraai. Bangka became part of independent Indonesia in 1949. The island, together with neighboring Belitung, was formerly part of South Sumatra (Sumatera Selatan) province, but in 2000 the two islands became the new province of Bangka-Belitung. In the recent years, tin mining has declined notedly, although it is still a major part of the island's economy.Bangka is also home to a number of communist Indonesians who have been under house arrest since the 1960s anti-Communist purge and are not permitted to leave the island.
- hk
- http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2020/01/18/a08-0118.pdf 「香港邦加僑友會」理事長周鴻生表 示，他 40年前從印尼來到香港生活，見 證香港逐步邁向繁榮，但持續 7個月的 暴亂，令香港打工仔遭殃，如因為暴徒 堵路，有的士司機哭訴生意下跌逾半， 無法養家。他批評暴徒不斷搞破壞，最 終毀掉的是經濟及民生，希望警察繼續 嚴正執法，守護香港。 從上海遠道而來支持警察的章先生呼 籲，有智慧及理性的市民勿要輕易被居 心叵測者煽動，並相信特區政府終有一 日會帶領香港走出困局。
巴淡島Batam is the largest city in the province of Riau Islands, Indonesia. The city administrative area covers three main islands of Batam, Rempang, and Galang (collectively called Barelang), as well as several small islands. Batam Island is the core urban and industrial zone, while both Rempang Island and Galang Island maintain their rural character and are connected to Batam Island by short bridges. Batam is an industrial boomtown, an emerging transport hub, and part of a free trade zone in the Indonesia–Malaysia–Singapore Growth Triangle. Batam Island was first inhabited by the Malays as the Orang laut in the year 231 AD.[5] The island that once served as the field of struggle of Admiral Hang Nadim against the invaders was used by the government in the 1960s as a petroleum logistics base on Sambu Island. In the 1970s, according to Presidential Decree number 41 year 1973, Batam Island is designated as a working environment of an industrial area supported by Batam Island Industrial Development Authority or better known as Batam Authority Board (BOB, now Batam Development Board (Indonesian: Badan Pengusahan Batam or BP Batam) as the driving force for the development of Batam, with the initial aim of making Batam the "Indonesian version of Singapore". With the rapid development of the island, based on Government Regulation No. 34 of 1983, the Batam District (which is part of Riau Islands Regency) was upgraded to municipality status which has the duties in running government administration and society and support the development of BP Batam. In the Reformation era in the late 1990s, with Law No. 53 of 1999, Batam administrative municipality changed its status to an autonomous region, namely Batam City Government to carry out governmental and developmental functions by involving BP Batam.
- https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/singapore-has-a-shipping-rival-less-than-30km-away Indonesia wants to re-position its Batam island as an alternative shipping and manufacturing hub to Singapore with a potential to draw US$60 billion (S$81 billion) in new investment. Batam and nearby islands - located less than 30km south of Singapore - have attracted about US$20 billion of investment since the government began promoting them as industrial area in the 1970s. The region, declared a free-trade zone in 2007, is home to thousands of local and foreign firms producing goods from computers to oil rigs.
- scmp 5may19 "batam's up"
bengkalis island (no wikipedia page)
- Bengkalis (Kota Bengkalis) was the seat (capital) of Bengkalis Regency in the Riau province of Indonesia until 8 July 2013, when it became an independent city. It is located on Bengkalis Island.
- Bengkalis Regency is a regency of Indonesia in the Riau province. The regency, which includes the whole of Bengkalis and Rupat Islands in the Strait of Malacca, has been established since 1956. The regency was formerly divided into 13 districts (or kecamatan); however 5 of these districts were removed to create the new Meranti Islands Regency, leaving 8 districts in the Bengkalis Regency. Bengkalis Regency produces natural resources, particularly petroleum, rubber, and coconut. The regency is home to the Bukit Batu Biosphere Reserve.
- china
- the island name is translated as 望嘉丽岛/埠(荷属) in wenzhou christianity annual history, 福南园植物公司 is mentioned (year 1923)
The Brantas is the longest river in East Java, Indonesia. It drains an area over 11,000 km² from the southern slope of Mount Kawi-Kelud-Butak, Mount Wilis, and the northern slopes of Mount Liman-Limas, Mount Welirang, and Mount Anjasmoro. Its course is semi-circular or spiral in shape: at its source the river heads southeast, but gradually curves south, then southwest, then west, then north, and finally it flows generally eastward at the point where it branches off to become the Kalimas and Porong River.
- King Mpu Sindok moved his kingdom from Mataram Kingdom in Central Java to a new location on this river at circa 950 A.D. Possibly (only one of a number of reasons given) due to a Mount Merapi volcanic eruption, he had to leave his kingdom to this new safe place near present city of Madiun.
Denpasar (Indonesian pronunciation: [denˈpasar]) (Balinese: ᬤᬾᬦ᭄ᬧᬲᬃ) is the capital of Bali and the main gateway to the island. The city is also a hub for other cities in the Lesser Sunda Islands.The name Denpasar – from the Balinese words "den", meaning north, and "pasar", meaning market – indicates the city's origins as a market-town, on the site of what is now Kumbasari Market (formerly "Peken Payuk"), in the northern part of the modern city.In the 18th and 19th century, Denpasar functioned as the capital of the Hindu Majapahit Kingdom of Badung.[6] Thus, the city was formerly called Badung. The royal palace was looted and razed during the Dutch intervention in 1906. A statue in Taman Puputan (Denpasar's central square) commemorates the 1906 Puputan, in which as many as a thousand Balinese, including the King and his court, committed mass suicide in front of invading Dutch troops, rather than surrender to them.
Karangasem Regency (Indonesian: Kabupaten Karangasem) is a regency (kabupaten) of Bali, Indonesia. It covers the east part of Bali, has an area of 839.54 km2 and a population of 369,320 (2002). Its regency seat is Amlapura. Karangasem was devastated when Mount Agung erupted in 1963, killing 1,900 people. Karangasem was a kingdom before Bali was conquered by the Dutch.
Kudus is a regency (Indonesian: kabupaten) in Central Java province in Indonesia. Its capital is Kudus. It is located east of Semarang, capital of Central Java. The city of Kudus was something of an important Islamic holy city in the sixteenth century. It is the only place in Java that has permanently acquired an Arabic name ('al-Quds', Jerusalem). Sunan Kudus, one of the nine Wali Sanga, was said to have been the fifth imam (head) of the mosque of Demak and a major leader of the 1527 campaign against 'Majapahit', before moving to Kudus. The Mosque of Kudus (Masjid Menara) which dates from this period, remains a local landmark to this day. It is notable for both its perseverance of pre-Islamic architectural forms such as Old Javanese split doorways and Hindu-Buddhistinfluenced Majapahit-style brickwork,[1] and for its name al-Manar or al-Aqsa. The date AH 956 (AD 1549) is inscribed over the mihrab (niche indicating the direction of Mecca).Most residents of Kudus are Javanese although there is an Indonesian Chinese minority in the city centre, as well as an Arab neighbourhood, Kudus Kulon, to the west of the city centre. The city is considered the "birthplace" of the kretek clove cigarette, which is by far the most widely smoked form of tobacco in the country. Haji Jamahri, a resident of the city, invented them in the 1880s, and the city remains a major centre for their manufacture.
The Maluku Islands or the Moluccas (/məˈlʌkəz/) are an archipelago within Banda Sea, Indonesia.The islands were known as the Spice Islands due to the nutmeg, mace and cloves that were originally exclusively found there, the presence of which sparked colonial interest from Europe in the 16th century. The Maluku Islands formed a single province from Indonesian independence until 1999, when it was split into two provinces. A new province, North Maluku, incorporates the area between Morotai and Sula, with the arc of islands from Buru and Seram to Wetarremaining within the existing Maluku Province. North Maluku is predominantly Muslim, and its capital is Sofifi on Halmahera island. Maluku province has a larger Christian population, and its capital is Ambon. Though originally Melanesian, many island populations, especially in the Banda Islands, were exterminated in the 17th century during the spice wars. A second influx of Austronesian immigrants began in the early twentieth century under the Dutch and continues in the Indonesian era.
- The Maluku Islands sectarian conflict was a period of ethno-political conflict along religious lines, which spanned the Indonesian islands that compose the Maluku archipelago, with particularly serious disturbances in Ambon and Halmahera Islands. The duration of the conflict is generally dated from the start of the Reformasi era in early 1999 to the signing of the Malino II Accord on 13 February 2002. The principal causes of the conflict are attributed to general political and economic instability in Indonesia following the fall of Suharto and the devaluation of the rupiah during and after a wider economic crisis in South East Asia. The forthcoming division of the then Maluku province into the current Maluku province and North Maluku province exacerbated existing district political disputes further and, as the political dispute had been characterized along religious lines, inter-communal fighting broke out between Christian and Muslimcommunities in January 1999, cascading into what could be described as all out warfare and atrocities against the civilian population committed by both sides. The main belligerents were therefore religious militia from both faiths, including the well organised IslamistLaskar Jihad, and Indonesian government military forces.
Medan is the capital city of the Indonesian province of North Sumatra. According to the diary of a Portuguese merchant in the early 16th century, the name of Medan was actually derived from Tamil word Maidhan, also known as Maidhāṉam (Tamil: மைதானம்), that means Ground, adopted from Malay language. One of the Karo-Indonesia dictionaries written by Darwin Prinst SH published in 2002 stated that Medan could also be defined as "recover" or "be better".華人約有50萬，也有頗具規模的泰米爾人社區。棉蘭福建話，又称棉兰闽南语，是一种在棉兰使用的闽南语域外变体。这种语言是由早期闽南移民过番到棉兰定居而带到那里的语言。这种闽南语夹杂了许多马来语词汇。音韵调三方面都和对岸马来西亚槟城的槟城闽南语有很大的共同点。
mount megamendung
- featured in painting of raden saleh
Nias (Indonesian: Pulau Nias, Nias language: Tanö Niha) is an island located off the western coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. Until 2003 Nias was a single administrative regency (kabupaten) covering the entire island, part of the province of North Sumatra. In 2003 it was split into two regencies, Nias and Nias Selatan (South Nias). Subsequently, the island was divided further, with the creation of two further regencies from parts of the former Nias Regency – Nias Barat (West Nias) and Nias Utara (North Nias) – and the designation of Gunungsitoli as an autonomous city independent of the four regencies. Gunungsitoli remains the center of the business affairs of the entire island. Teluk Dalam is the capital of Nias Selatan Regency, Lotu of Nias Utara Regency, Lahomi of Nias Barat Regency, and Gido of Nias Regency.All parties in the North Sumatra Legislative Council have agreed to the formation of a Nias Island province (comprising Nias, Nias Selatan, Nias Utara and Nias Barat regencies, and Gunungsitoli municipality). It has been approved at a regional plenary session on 2 May 2011, but still awaits approval from Central government, which has not yet enacted the grand design for additional provinces. The new province will thus cover an area identical to the original Nias Regency prior to the latter's division in 2003. Apart from Nias Island itself, the province will include the smaller Batu Islands (Pulau-pulau Batu) to the south, lying between Nias and Siberut; the Batu Islands form seven administrative districts within South Nias Regency.
Palabuhanratu or Pelabuhan Ratu (Sundanese for: 'Harbor of the Queen') is a district that is the administrative capital and regency seat of Sukabumi Regency. It is at the southwest coast of Palabuhanratu Bay,West Java facing the Indian Ocean. It is a four-hour drive from Bandung and up to a 12-hour drive from Indonesia's capital Jakarta due to traffic jams in Ciawi, Cicurug, Cibadak and Pelabuhan Ratu gate,[1] whose residents love to visit the bay 'Teluk Palabuhanratu', once named 'Wijnkoopsbaai' by the Dutch. The bay is shaped like a horseshoe and has enormous waves that can be very treacherous. The Sundanese locals say that the Indian Ocean is the home of Nyai Loro Kidul who reigns along the southern coast of Java.
Palembang is the oldest city in Indonesia, and has a history of being the capital city of the Kingdom of Srivijaya, a powerful Malay kingdom, which influenced many areas in Southeast Asia. The earliest evidence of its existence dates from the 7th century; a Chinese monk, Yijing, wrote that he visited Srivijaya in the year 671 for 6 months. The first inscription in which the name Srivijaya appears also dates from the 7th century, namely the Kedukan Bukit Inscription around Palembang in Sumatra, dated 683. Palembang's main landmarks include Ampera Bridge and Musi River, the latter of which divides the city into two. The north bank of river in Palembang is known as Seberang Ilir and the south bank of the river in Palembang is known as Seberang Ulu. This city was known as a host city for 2011 Southeast Asian Games. Additionally, 2018 Asian Games is going to be held in the city along with Jakarta.
- The word "Palembang" is derived from two words in Malay "pa" and "lembang". "Pa" or "Pe" in Malay is a prefix which indicates a place or situation meanwhile "lembang" or "lembeng" means lowland, a swollen root because inundated by water for a long time. In other words, "Palembang" literally means "the place which was constantly inundated by water".
Pancasila (pronounced [pantʃaˈsila]) is the official philosophical foundation of theIndonesian state. Pancasila consists of two Old Javanese words (originally fromSanskrit): "pañca" meaning five, and "sīla" meaning principles. It comprises five principles held to be inseparable and interrelated:
Papua is the largest and easternmost province of Indonesia, comprising most of Western New Guinea. Papua is bordered by the nation of Papua New Guinea to the east, and by West Papua province to the west. Since 2002, Papua province has special autonomy status, making it a special region. "Papua" is the official Indonesian and internationally recognised name for the province. During the Dutch colonial era the region was known as part of "Dutch New Guinea" or "Netherlands New Guinea". Since its annexation in 1969, it became known as "West Irian" or "Irian Barat" until 1973, and thereafter renamed "Irian Jaya" (roughly translated, "Glorious Irian") by the Suharto administration. This was the official name until the name "Papua" was adopted in 2002. Today, the indigenous inhabitants of this province prefer to call themselves Papuans. The name "West Papua" was adopted in 1961 by the New Guinea Council until the United Nations Temporary Executive Authority (UNTEA) transferred administration to the Republic of Indonesia in 1963. "West Papua" has since been used by Papuans as a self-identifying term, especially by those demanding self-determination, and usually refers to the whole of the Indonesian portion of New Guinea. The other Indonesian province that shares New Guinea, West Irian Jaya, has been officially renamed as West Papua, or Papua Barat. The entire western New Guinea is often referred to as "West Papua" internationally – especially among networks of international solidarity with the West Papuan independence movement.
- https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/08/indonesia-blocks-internet-west-papua-protest-rages-190822022809234.html Indonesia has blocked internet access in West Papua, a move that followed the government deployment of additional military and police personnel to the region to help to quell ongoing protests and secure vital public facilities. News of the internet shutdown comes as angry demonstrations continue to break out on Thursday in West Papua province's city of Sorong and the Fakfak regency, according to Al Jazeera sources. A number of protesters have also started to gather in the capital Jakarta. Indonesia's information ministry said the decision to "temporarily block" internet communication starting on Wednesday is meant "to accelerate the process of restoring the security and order situation in Papua and the surrounding areas". The order will stand "until the situation in Papua returned to being conducive and normal," according to the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology’s official website.
- After 50 years of popular resistance to Indonesian rule in West Papua, this forgotten war is flaring up again. The indigenous movement, led by the United Liberation Movement for West Papua (ULMWP), has never lost hope of recovering ancestral lands dating back centuries before their annexation by
Indonesia. Military operations intensified in the Central Highlands region of Nduga last year as the uprising spread. Another 16,000 troops were dispatched to protect the construction of a controversial Trans-Papua Highway. Helicopters dropped bombs and strafed villages. About 45,000 refugees fled across the border into Papua New Guinea.Martinkus depicts a dirty little war far removed from the glittering shopping malls of Jakarta, in a distant outpost of the vast Indonesian archipelago, hidden from the world. The Indonesian military denies it uses white phosphorus, a banned agent of chemical warfare. But photos of the Papuan victims in the book display gruesome wounds consistent with this chemical.The Indonesian government has a different narrative. It says it wants to bring development to a remote province by building an ambitious road – the 4,300km Trans-Papua Highway, costing US$1.4 billion – through the jungle to bring “wealth, development and prosperity” to the isolated regions of West Papua. But that is not how West Papuans see it, according to Martinkus. “The road would bring the death of their centuries-old way of life. The highway brings military occupation by Indonesian troops, exploitation by foreign companies, environmental destruction and colonisation by Indonesian transmigrants from other provinces.” This mineral-rich region hosts the world’s largest gold mine and second largest copper mine.The Suharto-era transmigrasi policy involved organising a massive migration of farmers from overpopulated Java to become settlers in West Papua. Many believe the highway will increase the number of settlers and the Melanesian tribes are convinced this will pave the way for their cultural extinction.When East Papua celebrated its independence, in 1975, as Papua New Guinea, the western part of the island was saddled with a shoddy United Nations-brokered deal (1969) awarding de facto sovereignty to Indonesia. Papuans passionately believe they were cheated.While the book draws many parallels between the East Timor and West Papua conflicts, it does not give enough coverage to the major differences between the two liberation struggles. In the case of West Papua, Indonesia steadfastly claims the 1969 UN agreement granted it eternal sovereignty over West Papua.Key Western governments – the United States, Britain and France on the UN Security Council, and Australia, Indonesia’s closest neighbour – all have substantial business investment, trade and military ties with Jakarta. They are only too happy to support Jakarta’s narrative that it is fighting a “separatist rebellion” and defending its sovereign territory.By appointing a controversial general, Wiranto – who goes by one name – as the senior minister dealing with West Papua, Indonesian President Joko Widodo has tied himself to a militarist policy. Wiranto was indicted for crimes against humanity in East Timor by a UN court in 2003, but Jakarta declined to hand him over.Two decades later, Wiranto has rejected all Papuan demands to end the war by agreeing to a referendum with the words: “The door is closed to any referendum.”https://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/books/article/3087368/road-new-book-shines-light-indonesias-50-year
Indonesia. Military operations intensified in the Central Highlands region of Nduga last year as the uprising spread. Another 16,000 troops were dispatched to protect the construction of a controversial Trans-Papua Highway. Helicopters dropped bombs and strafed villages. About 45,000 refugees fled across the border into Papua New Guinea.Martinkus depicts a dirty little war far removed from the glittering shopping malls of Jakarta, in a distant outpost of the vast Indonesian archipelago, hidden from the world. The Indonesian military denies it uses white phosphorus, a banned agent of chemical warfare. But photos of the Papuan victims in the book display gruesome wounds consistent with this chemical.The Indonesian government has a different narrative. It says it wants to bring development to a remote province by building an ambitious road – the 4,300km Trans-Papua Highway, costing US$1.4 billion – through the jungle to bring “wealth, development and prosperity” to the isolated regions of West Papua. But that is not how West Papuans see it, according to Martinkus. “The road would bring the death of their centuries-old way of life. The highway brings military occupation by Indonesian troops, exploitation by foreign companies, environmental destruction and colonisation by Indonesian transmigrants from other provinces.” This mineral-rich region hosts the world’s largest gold mine and second largest copper mine.The Suharto-era transmigrasi policy involved organising a massive migration of farmers from overpopulated Java to become settlers in West Papua. Many believe the highway will increase the number of settlers and the Melanesian tribes are convinced this will pave the way for their cultural extinction.When East Papua celebrated its independence, in 1975, as Papua New Guinea, the western part of the island was saddled with a shoddy United Nations-brokered deal (1969) awarding de facto sovereignty to Indonesia. Papuans passionately believe they were cheated.While the book draws many parallels between the East Timor and West Papua conflicts, it does not give enough coverage to the major differences between the two liberation struggles. In the case of West Papua, Indonesia steadfastly claims the 1969 UN agreement granted it eternal sovereignty over West Papua.Key Western governments – the United States, Britain and France on the UN Security Council, and Australia, Indonesia’s closest neighbour – all have substantial business investment, trade and military ties with Jakarta. They are only too happy to support Jakarta’s narrative that it is fighting a “separatist rebellion” and defending its sovereign territory.By appointing a controversial general, Wiranto – who goes by one name – as the senior minister dealing with West Papua, Indonesian President Joko Widodo has tied himself to a militarist policy. Wiranto was indicted for crimes against humanity in East Timor by a UN court in 2003, but Jakarta declined to hand him over.Two decades later, Wiranto has rejected all Papuan demands to end the war by agreeing to a referendum with the words: “The door is closed to any referendum.”https://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/books/article/3087368/road-new-book-shines-light-indonesias-50-year
錫納朋火山 Mount Sinabung (Indonesian: Gunung Sinabung,[3] also Dolok Sinabung Deleng Sinabung,[5] Dolok Sinaboen,[6] Dolok Sinaboeng[7] and Sinabuna) is a Pleistocene-to-Holocene stratovolcano of andesite and dacite in the Karo plateau of Karo Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia, 40 kilometres (25 mi) from the Lake Toba supervolcano.
*******Singaraja is a port town in northern Bali, Indonesia, which serves as the seat of Buleleng Regency. The name is Indonesian for "Lion King" (from Sanskritsingha and raja). It is just east of Lovina, with an area of 27.98 km² and population of 80,500, the second largest on the island.Singaraja was the Dutch colonial capital for Bali and the Lesser Sunda Islands from 1849 until 1953, an administrative centre and the port of arrival for most visitors until development of the Bukit Peninsula area in the south. Singaraja was also an administrative centre for the Japanese during their World War IIoccupation.Gedong Kirtya, just south of the town centre, is the only library of lontar manuscripts (ancient and sacred texts on leaves of the rontal palm) in the world.
- no chinese wiki version
Tangerang is a city in the province of Banten, Indonesia.Tangerang, along with South Tangerang is the place where many giant developers build a built-up-area such as BSD City, Gading Serpong, Alam Sutera, and Lippo Village. Tangerang is home for Soekarno–Hatta International Airport which serves metropolitan Jakarta and as the Indonesia's main gateway, Indonesia Convention Exhibition which is the biggest convention and exhibition centre in Indonesia which is opened in 2015.Tangerang also has a significant community of Chinese Indonesians, many of whom are of Cina Benteng extraction. Benteng means 'fortress' in Indonesian. They were descended from Manchu laborers who were brought there by the Dutch colonials in the 18th and 19th centuries. They are culturally distinct from other Chinese communities in the area: while almost none speak any dialect of Chinese, they are culturally very strongly Daoist and maintain their own places of worship and community centers. They are ethnically mixed. A large Chinese cemetery is also located in Tangerang, much of which has now been developed into modern suburban communities such as Gading Serpong, Alam Sutera and BSD City. Most of the Chinatown of Tangerang is located at Sewan, Pasar Lama, Pasar Baru, Benteng Makasar, Kapling, Karawaci (not Lippo Karawaci). One can find any food and all things Chinese there. Lippo Karawaci, Bintaro Jaya, Bumi Serpong Damai and Alam Sutera are new locations of residential places (New Towns). A vast majority of the residents are newcomers from Jakarta or outside, not genuine Benteng Chinese.In October 1945, Laskar Hitam, a Muslim militia was established in Tangerang. The goal of this movement was to establish an Islamic nation in Indonesia. This movement later became a part of DI/TII rebel group. On October 31, 1945, Laskar Hitam kidnapped Otto Iskandardinata, Republic of Indonesia's Minister of State. He was presumed to have been murdered at Mauk beach, Tangerang on December 20, 1945.[citation needed]
Tangerang city was formed as an autonomous city on 27 February 1993 out of the Tangerang Regency. The city was previously an administrative city within that Regency. In August 1996, Walmart, the largest retail group in USA, opened its first branch in Lippo Karawaci, Tangerang. The branch was ransacked and burned down during the Indonesian riots of May 1998.[citation needed] Walmart discontinued their investment in Indonesia after the riot.Tangerang District is the location of the Situ Gintung reservoir built by the Dutch colonial authorities in 1933. It was surrounded by a dam up to 16 metres (52 ft) high, which failed on 27 March 2009 with the resulting floods killing at least 93 people.Next to the Boen Tek Bio Temple, the Benteng Heritage Museum was built by Udaya. It was opened on the auspicious date, November 11, 2011 or 11/11/11 and has enriched the Chinese heritage. The museum display about Chinese (Cina) Benteng which about Chinese male married with female native Indonesian, so the children are called 'Cina Peranakan'. Most of the Cina Peranakan male then married also with female native Indonesian, so most of the Cina Benteng nowadays are rather difficult to differentiate with other native Indonesian by its posture or skin, but they still celebrate Imlek (Chinese New Year).
- Tangerang Regency is a regency of Banten province, Indonesia. It is located on the island of Java. The current regent is H. Ismet Iskandar. Though commonly misunderstood as being a part of Jakarta, Tangerang is actually outside Jakarta City but is part of Greater Jakarta (which is called Jabodetabek, Tangerang being the "ta" of the acronym). Since 1993, the Regency has lost territory as first Tangerang city was split off on 27 February 1993 and subsequently South Tangerang city was split off on 29 October 2008. The residual Regency now has an area of 959.61 km² and an official 2010 census count of 2,838,621; the latest estimate (as at 2014) is 3,154,790. Tigaraksa is the capital of the regency.
- 印尼首都雅加達市郊一間煙花廠，周四（26日）發生大火並觸發連環爆炸，釀成至少四十七死四十六傷，死者全是工廠工人，仍有多人下落不明。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20171027/00180_020.html- Tangerang Regency is a regency of Banten province, Indonesia. It is located on the island of Java. The current regent is H. Ismet Iskandar. Though commonly misunderstood as being a part of Jakarta, Tangerang is actually outside Jakarta City but is part of Greater Jakarta (which is called Jabodetabek, Tangerang being the "ta" of the acronym). Since 1993, the Regency has lost territory as first Tangerang city was split off on 27 February 1993 and subsequently South Tangerang city was split off on 29 October 2008. The residual Regency now has an area of 959.61 km² and an official 2010 census count of 2,838,621; the latest estimate (as at 2014) is 3,154,790. Tigaraksa is the capital of the regency.
Tasikmalaya Regency (Indonesian: Kabupaten Tasikmalaya) is a regency (Indonesian: kabupaten) in the province of West Java, Indonesia. Most of the Regency features green fields, predominantly occupied by agriculture and forestry, whilst farmers settled as the majority of its population.[1] Tasikmalaya regency is well known for its handicrafts (Indonesian: kerajinan anyaman), salak (zalacca),[2] whilst nasi tutug oncom (hot steamed rice mixed with oncom) known as the Regency's famous dish. The Regency is also known as a major religious centre in West Java, which has more than 800 pesantren (traditional Islamic boarding schools).
- ******* nickname - Pearl of the East Preanger München van Java (Munich of Java)
Tuban was formerly an important port in the Majapahit era and is mentioned in Chinese records from the eleventh century. An ancient anchor from one of Kublai Khan's ships is preserved in the historical museum. Tuban is believed to have been Islamised before its conquest by Demak c. 1527. Even following its Islamisation, it remained loyal to Hindu-Buddhist Majapahit in the interior. The grave of Sunan Bonang, a sixteenth-century Islamic missionary - one of the Wali Sanga involved in the initial spread of Islam in Java, is located in Tuban. This site is an important destination for Muslim pilgrims. The Dutch name of the city is 'Toeban'. The town's name has been derived from the following story: a mythical pair of birds flying from Majapahit to Demak dropped a precious heirloom stone on the town thereafter named Tuban based on the Javanese phrase "waTU tiBAN atau meTU BANyu", which means "stone fallen from the sky". Another explanation refers to flooding ("TU BANyu" meaning "water streaming out") that occurred when the aristocratic Islamic scholar Raden Dandang Wacana entered the Papringan Forest, discovering an old well near the seaside that miraculously contained freshwater. The name has furthermore been derived from "Tubo", meaning poison, in keeping with the name of a Tubanese subdistrict named Jenu to this day, which carries the same meaning. The official history of Tuban began in the Majapahit era in the 13th century. There was once an important ceremony when the king of Majapahit crowned Ronggolawe as the principal of the Tuban region. It was held on 12 November 1293 and that date has become the anniversary of Tuban, making it more ancient than Surabaya. Tuban's 700th anniversary was celebrated with a grand parade of decorated floats in 1993. The spread of Islam was pioneered by Sunan Bonang and his follower named Sunan Kalijaga, who was the son of the Tubanese principal in the 13th century.
- 關公 statue
- http://www.bbc.com/indonesia/trensosial-40847262 位於印尼東爪哇圖班的關聖廟，上月豎立一座高達30米、號稱東南亞最高的關公像，沒想到竟引發穆斯林團體抗議，穆斯林指稱關公對印尼建國沒有貢獻，不應立像，不少網民更造謠聲稱是「中國將軍」入侵印尼，又刻意將關公像與雅加達的印尼民族英雄蘇迪曼雕像的高度作比較，挑撥民族主義情緒。廟方日前決定暫時用白布將關公像遮蓋，避免爭議進一步擴大。報道指，這座關公像是由當地信眾捐款25億印尼盾(約147萬港元)建造，在7月17日揭幕，當日還邀請到印尼人民協商會議議長哈山擔任典禮嘉賓。哈山表示，希望這座關公像能成為圖班的旅遊景點，不過仍然阻不了穆斯林網民拿關公像大做文章。圖班關聖廟是當地華人的信仰及文化中心，相傳歷史可追溯至17世紀，1965年排華事件中，關聖廟曾遭到嚴重破壞，至瓦希德當選總統後方重建。廟方表示，當地關公信仰早於印尼立國前已經存在，故興建關公像並非要與蘇迪曼像搞對抗。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2017/08/09/a28-0809.pdf
- https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/health-environment/article/3082289/indonesia-villagers-are-blocking-burials-coronavirus In a village in Indonesia
’s Central Java’s regency of Wonosobo, a farmer offered his small plot of land to bury patients who had died of Covid-19. The farmer felt compelled to provide his land for free after reading reports of families of coronavirus victims who were unable to lay their loved ones to rest as they were blocked by community members fearful that the bodies would spread the virus.
west java
- Migrant workers from West Java, Indonesia’s most populous province, have been urged not to return home from overseas or elsewhere in the country to help curb the spread of the coronavirus after more than 100,000 residents streamed back in the past few weeks. “Mudik [the act of returning to hometowns or villages] is going to worsen our situation. Please stay where you are for the time being,” said Ridwan Kamil, the governor of West Java, which is home to some 50 million people. His comments came as
President Joko Widodo on Tuesday declared a state of emergency amid another jump in coronavirus deaths, but despite heavy criticism once again resisted calls for a nationwide lockdown.https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/health-environment/article/3077799/coronavirus-indonesias-migrant-workers-urged-not
Association/institute
- The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is a group of states that are not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc. As of 2012, the movement has 120 members. The organization was founded in Belgrade in 1961, and was largely conceived by India's first prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru; Indonesia's first president, Sukarno; Egypt's second president, Gamal Abdel Nasser; Ghana's first president Kwame Nkrumah; and Yugoslavia's president, Josip Broz Tito. All five leaders were prominent advocates of a middle course for states in the Developing World between the Western and Eastern Blocs in the Cold War. The phrase itself was first used to represent the doctrine by Indian diplomat V. K. Krishna Menon in 1953, at the United Nations.[3][unreliable source?] In a speech given during the Havana Declaration of 1979, Fidel Castro said the purpose of the organization is to ensure "the national independence, sovereignty, territorial integrity and security of non-aligned countries" in their "struggle against imperialism, colonialism, neo-colonialism, racism, and all forms of foreign aggression, occupation, domination, interference or hegemony as well as against great power and bloc politics". The countries of the Non-Aligned Movement represent nearly two-thirds of the United Nations's members and contain 55% of the world population. Membership is particularly concentrated in countries considered to be developing or part of the Third World.
- hkej 8mar17 shum article
- hkej 21sep17 shum article
- thinktank
- The Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia or ERIA is an international organization established in Jakarta, Indonesia in 2008 by a formal agreement among Leaders of 16 countries in the East Asian region to conduct research activities and make policy recommendations for further economic integration in the East Asia. ERIA works very closely with both the ASEAN Secretariat and 16 Research Institutes to undertake and disseminate policy research under the three pillars, namely “Deepening Economic Integration”, ”Narrowing Development Gaps”, and “Sustainable Development” and provide analytical policy recommendations to Leaders and Ministers at their regional meetings. ERIA provides intellectural contributions to East Asian Community building and serves as a Sherpa international organization. http://www.eria.org/
- The Habibie Center was founded by Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie and family as an independent, non-governmental and non-profit organization on November 10, 1999.
- foreign policy community of indonesia www.fpcindonesia.org
- business/trade
- chamber of commerce and industry http://www.bsd-kadin.org/
- indonesian employers association
- ict
- Communication & Information System Security Research Center https://www.cissrec.org/about/overview.html
- Indonesian Fashion Designers Association (source: hktdc 2015 fashion week s/s)
- Indonesian Tanners Association http://www.indonesiantanners.com/index.php?Itemid=28
- National Craft Council of Indonesia http://id.indonesian-craft.com/ (no english)
- Crafts Council of Papua Province (source: an exhibitor of 2014 HK Homeware Fair)
- indonesian toy importer association (source: HKTDC toy fair 2015)
- APMI - The Indonesian Toy Traders and Manufacturers Association http://www.indonesiantoys.com/
- indonesian franchise association www.franchiseindonesia.org
- http://sucoff.org sumatera coffee foundation
- kunci cultural studies centre http://kunci.or.id/about-us/
- islam
- 印尼回教教士聯合會
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20170405/00180_031.html 印尼最大回教組織「印尼回教教士聯合會」日前出面為鍾萬學平反，指強硬派誤導信徒，鍾萬學不應被定罪。
- Ketua Gerakan Nasional Pengawal Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia (GNPF-MUI)
- hkej 31may17 shum article
sovereign fund
- https://www.ft.com/content/bd596f2c-14a2-11ea-9ee4-11f260415385 Indonesia is looking to establish a sovereign wealth fund modelled on Singapore’s state investment vehicle, Temasek Holdings, or Khazanah, the Malaysian equivalent, to support local start-ups and to boost economic growth. The government has yet to decide the size of the initiative or the source of its funding, according to people with direct knowledge of the plan. But earlier statements from the government on the likely size of any sovereign wealth fund have estimated it at up to $10bn. The proposal is being backed by three ministries — the ministry of finance, the investment ministry and the ministry in charge of state-owned enterprises, the people with knowledge of the plan said. Jakarta is keen not only to emulate the success of Singapore’s state-led investment model but also to ensure greater domestic participation in the country’s burgeoning tech start-up sector. The Singapore government’s Economic Development Board and its investment arm, Enterprise Singapore, along with Temasek, invest in start-ups and the investment companies that back them, targeting not only the domestic market but also south-east Asia and India.
Trade and investment environment
- tpp
- http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/10/09/us-trade-tpp-indonesia-idUSKCN0S312R20151009 Indonesia's trade minister on Friday appealed for widespread support for the government's belated bid to join the U.S.-led Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) within two years. Tom Lembong said firms would continue to invest in Southeast Asia's largest economy as long as there was certainty that it would eventually be part of the TPP free trade agreement and conclude a similar pact with the European Union. "If the government can give that, in 2-3 years we would have TPP and the European (agreement), they will keep on investing in Indonesia," he said. But Lembong added that agriculture, industry and other ministries would have to overcome stiff resistance from "narrow interests" that would resist trade liberalization. Twelve Pacific Rim countries earlier this week reached an agreement for the most ambitious trade pact in a generation, aiming to liberalize commerce in 40 percent of the world's economy. Last month, Indonesia started preliminary talks with the European Union on a trade agreement. It will begin formal negotiations next January, said Bachrul Chairi, director general of international trade cooperation at the trade ministry. "The EU and TPP have more or less the same threshold so when we're done with EU, we can get ourselves ready for TPP," Chairi said. The Indonesian government was initially opposed to joining the TPP, but has changed its stance under President Joko Widodo, who took office in October last year. It is not clear whether Indonesia has made a formal membership request to the TPP. Widodo is scheduled to meet U.S. President Barack Obama on Oct. 26 in his first presidential visit to Washington, during which he will discuss business and investment ties. Ade Sudrajat, chairman of Indonesia's textile association, said the industry needs better access to U.S. and EU markets in order to maintain market share in the face of competition from fellow textile producer Vietnam, which has a trade agreement with EU and is included in the TPP.
- http://www.hkcd.com.hk/pdf/201510/1028/HA13A28CGCA.pdf protectionism hinders indonesia from joining
- http://www.afp.com/en/news/obama-wins-indonesian-backing-pacific-trade-pact US President Barack Obama won Indonesia's endorsement for a contentious trans-Pacific trade deal Monday, with the president of Southeast Asia's largest economy vowing to join. During a meeting with Obama at the White House, Joko Widodo risked the ire of economic nationalists at home and pledged to join the pact. "Indonesia is an open economy and with a population of 250 million, we are the largest economy in Southeast Asia," Widodo said in the Oval Office. "Indonesia intends to join the TPP."
- https://www.ft.com/content/3755c1b2-b4e2-11e3-af92-00144feabdc0 Indonesia is planning to terminate more than 60 bilateral investment treaties that allow disgruntled foreign investors to bypass local courts and seek compensation in international tribunals, amid a growing global backlash against such provisions.
- indonesian investment law no 25 of 2007
- http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/35e93ab8-56f6-11e5-9846-de406ccb37f2.html president Joko Widodo delivered the first part of his economic reform package yesterday in a push to bolster the flagging Indonesian economy as concerns mount over a possible US interest rate rise and the devaluation of the Chinese currency. Facing a see-sawing local currency and declining commodity prices Mr Widodo announced measures to overhaul 89 regulations crimping investment, in a riposte to critics the government had done little to make good on election promises to be business friendly. These included streamlining licensing and land acquisition for infrastructure projects and easing rules for foreigners to open foreign currency bank accounts. “I believe this first batch of economic reforms will strengthen the national industry, will develop the micro, small and medium sized businesses . . . and will improve trade among the regions,” said Mr Widodo. The president explained that a little more than half the government’s planned deregulation agenda has been announced, with further announcements expected later this month.
- http://www.economist.com/news/finance-and-economics/21674794-jokowi-administration-tinkers-margins-unstimulating-stimulus IN EARLY September, Joko Widodo, Indonesia’s president, promised a “massive deregulation” aimed at attracting foreign investment. Outsiders were thrilled. Mr Joko’s predecessor, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, left the country’s business climate choking on what Adam Schwarz, a consultant, calls “a regulatory miasma” that strongly discouraged investment, whereas Mr Joko, best known as Jokowi, has openly courted foreign capital. Over the past six weeks his administration has unveiled a series of deregulatory measures. On September 9th the government made it easier for foreigners to open bank accounts, struck down import restrictions on goods such as tyres and cosmetics that were designed to protect local industries, and eliminated some onerous and silly business regulations. No longer, for instance, must Indonesian-language labels be affixed to imported goods before they arrive; now they can be printed in Indonesia and attached before public circulation.
- http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/52390634-d087-11e5-92a1-c5e23ef99c77.html indonesia has announced plans to liberalise rules on foreign investment in a number of industries, as President Joko Widodo strives to jump-start growth and draw investors to Southeast Asia’s largest economy. Facing criticism over creeping protectionism and regulatory flip-flops, the government has announced a big overhaul of the so-called “negative investment list” — a highly sensitive catalogue of sectors in which foreign investment is limited. A total of 35 industries were removed from the list on Thursday, including film, tourism and restaurants, in what economists are referring to as a “big bang” move that could drive efficiency and competitiveness in local industry. “This policy is not about liberalisation, it is to encourage economic modernisation,” Pramono Anung, cabinet secretary, told reporters. In certain sectors foreign groups will still be unable to wholly own businesses but they will be able to invest alongside local partners. Investments in the e-commerce industry above Rp100bn ($7.3m) will also be free from restrictions, in a move that has been closely watched in recent months as Jakarta’s start-up scene has blossomed. “The extent of creative destruction created by ecommerce is unprecedented,” Sofyan Djalil, minister for national development planning, told the Financial Times in an interview last month. “On one hand we have to protect family shops but on the other hand we have to enter this new reality — I think smart policymakers have to find a mixed policy.”
- https://www.ft.com/content/86232a76-27f0-11e2-ac7f-00144feabdc0 Indonesia is planning to rebuild a powerful food price-setting body that was dismantled in the wake of the Asian financial crisis amid allegations it was corrupt, inefficient and abused its monopoly power. Under the dictatorship of General Suharto, the Bureau of Logistics (Bulog) controlled the prices for nine key food staples in the world’s fourth most populous nation. But most of its powers were taken away at the behest of the International Monetary Fund, when it bailed out Indonesia following the 1997-1998 financial crisis that led to Suharto’s downfall. As part of a growing raft of protectionist economic policies, the government wants Bulog to once again set minimum farm prices and maximum consumer prices for key staple commodities including rice, soybeans, sugar, corn and meat.
- https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/politics/article/3003605/why-indonesian-government-has-ordered-garuda-cut-airfares-time Garuda Indonesia is facing continued pressure from its majority shareholder, the Indonesian government, to lower ticket prices and stimulate tourism as the economy flags, a move analysts described as political meddling that will hurt investor confidence. After the transport minister’s appeal last month to Garuda and other domestic airlines, Indonesian President Joko Widodo’s most trusted minister Luhut Panjaitan this week chided the country’s flagship carrier and ordered it to lower ticket prices by next week. “The government has made repeated appeals to airline operators [to cut ticket prices],” Luhut, the Coordinating Minister of Maritime Affairs reportedly told airline executives, according to leaked minutes of their meeting on Monday.
- https://www.ft.com/content/f76ed112-1add-11e9-b93e-f4351a53f1c3
Questions have emerged over whether one of Indonesia’s wealthiest families has in effect dragged itself into court to prevent a foreign creditor from recovering a loan — a case experts say threatens the credibility of the country’s bankruptcy laws. The case against a subsidiary of Lippo group, which is controlled by Indonesia’s Riady family, comes at a time when defaults are rising in the country. It is expected to spark concerns over powerful local conglomerates forcing out foreign creditors through bankruptcy proceedings. That is because the two companies that have pulled the Lippo offshoot into court appear to have had links to its vast real estate empire. Since companies with prior links to Lippo have sued its own subsidiary, questions have arisen over whether it has been able to control many of the terms of the bankruptcy and push Austrian lender Raiffeisen Bank International from the process. Lippo has denied any connection with the two companies that have launched the bankruptcy case. It has denied that they are acting on its behalf and that it had any intention to shut Raiffeisen out of the process. Dane Chamorro, senior partner at Control Risks, the global strategic consulting firm, said foreign investors were likely to be alarmed by the idea that a company could influence the terms of its own restructuring while a foreign creditor is left out of the process.
- trademark
- http://www.reuters.com/article/us-indonesia-ikea-trademark-idUSKCN0VE1C2
Swedish furniture giant IKEA has lost the right to use its own brand name in Indonesia after a legal battle with a local company that claimed the trademark, court documents released earlier this week showed. The court decision could make foreign companies even more cautious to invest in Southeast Asia's biggest economy, which is already growing at its weakest pace since the global financial crisis. "The clear message is that any business wanting to open up in Indonesia has to be very careful to register all its trademarks so they don't get hijacked," said Keith Loveard, head of risk analysis at Jakarta-based Concord Consulting. "It's the fact of the law that you have to cross every 't' and dot every 'i'," he said. In 2014, a Jakarta commercial court granted the rights to use the "Ikea" brand name to PT Ratania Khatulistiwa, a company that plans to sell its own furniture with the acronym for Intan Khatulistiwa Esa Abadi. Inter IKEA Systems B.V., part of the Swedish company's franchise division, had registered the "IKEA" trademark with the Indonesian directorate-general of intellectual property twice, in 2006 and 2010. But Ratania, which is based in the East Java capital of Surabaya, successfully argued at the Jakarta court that the furniture giant had not used the trademark for commercial purposes for three consecutive years. Inter IKEA filed an appeal to the Indonesian Supreme Court, which was rejected last year, according to court documents uploaded to its website earlier this week. Inter IKEA's local lawyers were notified of the Supreme Court's May 2015 decision on Thursday, Niclas Bengtsson, a spokesman for Inter IKEA, said in an email. He did not explain the reason for the delay. "What we can say right now is that we are analyzing the decision and are confident that we will be able to continue with IKEA operations in Indonesia also in the future," he said. IKEA opened its first Indonesian store in the outskirts of Jakarta in 2014. Indonesian retailer PT Hero Supermarket Tbk (HERO.JK) owns the franchise to operate the IKEA business in Indonesia.
- soybean
- http://jakartaglobe.beritasatu.com/business/indonesia-to-subsidize-local-soybean-production/ The government will tackle Indonesia’s repeated soybean price crises by introducing a subsidy mechanism to encourage domestic production, in a bid to rely on shipments from abroad. Deputy Agriculture Minister Rusman Heriawan said that domestic soybean production could reach as much as 2 million tons next year if domestic farmers plant the crop on promises of higher returns guaranteed by the government. Indonesia is slated to produce 850,000 tons of soybeans this year. The country currently imports up to 80 percent of the soybeans needed to make national food staples tofu and tempeh, at prices normally so low that the crop is unpopular with local farmers. The problem comes when bad harvests in exporting countries such as in the United States cause shortages, driving prices up beyond what less well-off Indonesian families are able to pay for the foodstuffs, which are favored as cheap protein. “We want to turn the tide. Currently, we import 70 percent of our domestic needs. We want that 70 percent to come from our domestic farmers,” he said. “Our priority is to absorb soybeans from local farmers,” said Rusman, who was chairman of the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) before being appointed deputy minister in 2010. He said the government will introduce a price mechanism to ensure higher returns for local farmers and a better stabilized price. The price ceiling for producers will be set at Rp 8,490 (75 cents) per kilogram. The government has assigned the state logistics agency, Bulog, to use its extensive network to procure soybeans from local farmers.
- http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/09/11/indonesia-proposes-alcohol-ban-in-bali/ Australians, the largest group of holidaymakers, have been up in arms about the news, with some threatening to boycott their favourite holiday resort if they can no longer sip a cool Bintang, the local beer. Balinese musician, Rudolf Dethu, who leads two groups opposing the legislation, one of them to promote the culinary aspects of beer, agreed that the law would “kill” tourism in Bali. Even if the island secured an exemption, alcohol prices would become exorbitant, he said. But Mr Dethu also believes that the stakes are much higher, fearing like many others that the curb is a sign of creeping Islamisation in the sprawling island nation, where there has been a recent push to impose more extreme forms of Sharia.
- http://www.economist.com/news/asia/21713897-huge-new-beer-factory-betting-they-wont-get-their-way-some-muslim-politicians-indonesia-want
- cannabis
- mobile phones
- Agus, not his real name, is part of a clandestine economy in the region at the tip of Sumatra which is Indonesia’s top cannabis producer; fields of the crop cover an area nearly seven times the size of Singapore, according to official estimates.Pot was once so common in Aceh that residents grew it in their backyards and marijuana was sold to the public. It was outlawed in the 1970s, and Muslim-majority Indonesia has since adopted some of the world’s strictest drug laws, including the death penalty for traffickers.Centuries later, marijuana was on the front lines – literally – of a separatist insurgency in Aceh.Former cannabis farmer Fauzan remembers harvesting his crop when bullets started flying across his field in a shoot-out between government soldiers and rebels back in 2002, three years before a peace deal ended the bloody conflict.Fauzan estimates that some 80 per cent of the people in his hometown of Lamteuba, about 50km (30 miles) from the provincial capital, Banda Aceh, were once ganja farmers.Locals in the one-time rebel stronghold created secret pathways to their lucrative crops and even built hiding places to stash their cannabis harvest in a cat-and-mouse game with authorities.https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/article/3049305/cannabis-coffee-indonesia-hit-despite-prohibition-aceh-province-roasters
- mobile phones
- http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2017/03/31/apple-makes-a-comeback-in-indonesia-with-iphone-7-and-iphone-7-plus.html United States technology giant Apple Inc. has returned to Indonesia, resuming sales by delivering its latest products, the iPhone 7 and 7 plus. The move comes after Apple fulfilled the requirement to use minimum 30 percent local components in its smartphones by building a US$44 million research and development (R&D) center in BSD City, Tangerang, Banten.
- mining
- 2009 mineral and coal mining law
- a mining licence can be owned directly by a PMA company which may have up to 100% hk or other foreign shareholding (subject to 20% divestment requirement after five years of commercial production)
- garbage
- 印尼政府擬收緊入口垃圾的規管，將要求洋垃圾須來自已註冊出口商。商務部官員指已知會十五個國家新安排，同時加重違例的刑罰。數據顯示，印尼去年接收的洋垃圾急增141%至廿八萬三千噸，多來自澳洲、德國、荷蘭、英國及美國。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190729/00180_019.html
Cattle
- Indonesia has abolished its quota system for cattle imports, allowing companies to ship in livestock provided that they commit to the country's breeding program, the trade minister said on Monday (26/09). Virtually all of Indonesia's cattle is shipped from Australia in trade that was worth nearly $600 million last year, but the Southeast Asian nation is restricting imports and pushing buyers to breed their own livestock to reduce dependence on imports. A trade rule introduced in August stipulates that one of every six imported cattle must be for breeding purposes.http://jakartaglobe.beritasatu.com/commodities/indonesia-abolished-cattle-import-quotas-trade-minister/
- energy
- http://www.scmp.com/news/asia/southeast-asia/article/2022420/indonesia-struggles-tap-volcanoes-geothermal-power
- electricity
- http://www.economist.com/news/business/21695532-plans-breakneck-electrification-mean-opportunities-foreign-firms-shock-therapy Last May President Joko Widodo announced an ambition to build more than 100 new power stations in five years (as part of an even bigger scheme to revamp the country’s creaking infrastructure). That plan, combined with work still hanging around from an earlier electrification drive, calls for about 43GW of new generating capacity to be added to the grid. This increase is comparable to the total installed capacity of countries such as Sweden and South Africa, and would mean almost doubling Indonesia’s power output. Such a scheme will require a huge expansion in the role of private-sector power firms. Independent power producers (IPPs) presently generate around 20% of Indonesia’s electricity; the rest is churned out by PLN, the state utility. Indonesia hopes they will build and operate most of the new power stations and that their home countries’ banks may finance them. Independents could eventually provide around half of the country’s juice. Foreign power firms were once keen on Indonesia. Many fled during the Asian financial crisis in the late 1990s, and those that remained were forced to sell their power far cheaper than they had planned to. Lately, confidence has returned, encouraged by liberalising legislation and the new government’s ambitions. India and China also have gargantuan electrification drives, but in Indonesia a paucity of local expertise means it offers a greater opportunity for foreign builders and operators of power stations. So far, firms from elsewhere in Asia have been keenest. One of the first big projects, a $2 billion power station in West Java, will be built by a consortium including Chubu Electric and Marubeni of Japan, and Komipo and Samtan of South Korea. Chinese companies are taking a leading role, despite a perception that some of the power stations China previously built in Indonesia were not entirely up to snuff. American and European utilities, for their part, are hanging back. Engie, formerly known as GDF Suez, a French firm with a long history in South-East Asia, has just sold its stake in one of Indonesia’s biggest power projects to Nebras of Qatar, as part of a global withdrawal from coal (though it remains keen on Indonesia’s promising but poorly-developed geothermal sector).
- scmp 22jan17 "why jakarta needs to read up on 15th century england"
- http://www.economist.com/news/asia/21717419-jobs-and-revenue-evaporate-regulators-pile-indonesia-and-philippines-hobble-mining
- http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/cndy/2017-06/22/content_29838895.htmHulking excavators claw at riverbanks on Indonesia's Sumatra island in the hunt for gold, transforming what was once a rural idyll into a scarred, pitted moonscape. It is one of a huge number of illegal gold mines that have sprung up across the resource-rich archipelago as the price of the precious metal has soared, luring people in rural areas to give up jobs in traditional industries. Now authorities in Sumatra's Jambi province, which has one of the biggest concentrations of illegal mining sites in Indonesia, have started a determined fightback, combining a crackdown with attempts at regulation.
- islamic banks in indonesia economist "act of faith" 12may18
- ecommerce
- http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/4fd5286e-7c32-11e4-a695-00144feabdc0.html Investors set their sights on Indonesia's tech sector This shift will drive an online retail revolution, with ecommerce revenues in Indonesia surging from an estimated $1bn last year to $10bn
- http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/a20aecca-f55a-11e5-803c-d27c7117d132.html jakarta is hoping that a supportive government will buoy that figure. President Joko Widodo recently pledged to put ecommerce at the centre of growth plans, opening the market to foreign investment and introducing policies aimed at solving longstanding challenges, from the shortage of skilled developers to excessive bureaucracy. Since the president visited Silicon Valley last month — close on the heels of China’s Xi Jinping and India’s Narendra Modi — analysts have been positioning Indonesia as Asia’s next big growth market for the sector. Jakarta said it would allow 100 per cent foreign ownership in online retail for investments of more than Rp100bn, dispelling concerns that international ecommerce groups could choke both local tech start-ups and the legions of established mom-and-pop shops.
- http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20151126/PDF/b3_screen.pdf 石油輸出國組織宣布，重新接納印尼為成 員。印尼的石油消耗量較產量高出約一倍，油組的決定出乎 市場意料。印尼的油組成員資格已經暫停接近七年，將於12 月重返油組，成為油組第13個成員國。
- http://www.scmp.com/news/asia/southeast-asia/article/1940388/indonesia-pushes-ban-new-palm-oil-operations-curb-forest
- food and beverage
- soft drinks battle rages in indonesia http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/b2eafa70-601a-11e4-98e6-00144feabdc0.html
- Indonesian airlines have been cleared to begin flying to the US, after a safety review by regulators. The US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) said Indonesia had been upgraded to "Category 1" - the top-tier air-safety rating - after nearly a decade. Indonesia's fast-growing aviation market suffered several high-profile accidents and was downgraded in 2007. The European Union also recently lifted a ban on three Indonesian airlines. After a safety review in March, Indonesia now complies with International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) safety standards, the FAA said in a statement. http://www.bbc.com/news/business-37091566
- education
- http://www.economist.com/news/asia/21636098-indonesias-schools-are-lousy-new-administration-wants-fix-them-schools
- Sukarno (born Kusno Sosrodihardjo; 6 June 1901 – 21 June 1970) was the first President of Indonesia, serving from 1945 to 1967. Sukarno was the leader of his country's struggle for Independence from the Netherlands. He was a prominent leader of Indonesia's nationalist movement during the Dutch colonial period, and spent over a decade under Dutch detention until released by the invading Japanese forces. Sukarno and his fellow nationalists collaborated to garner support for the Japanese war effort from the population, in exchange for Japanese aid in spreading nationalist ideas. After a chaotic period of parliamentary democracy, Sukarno established an autocratic system called "Guided Democracy" in 1957 that successfully ended the instability and rebellions which were threatening the survival of the diverse and fractious country. The early 1960s saw Sukarno veering Indonesia to the left by providing support and protection to the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) to the irritation of the military and Islamists. He also embarked on a series of aggressive foreign policies under the rubric of anti-imperialism, with aid from the Soviet Union and China. The failure of the 30 September Movement(1965) led to the destruction of the PKIand his replacement in 1967 by one of his generals, Suharto (see Transition to the New Order), and he remained under house arrest until his death.
- Indonesians also remember him as BungKarno (Brother/Comrade Karno) or PakKarno ("Mr. Karno").[5] Like many Javanese people, he had only one name.[6]According to author Pramoedya Ananta Toer in several interviews, "bung" is an affectionate title meaning "friend" creatively used to be an alternative way of addressing person in equal manner, as an opposite word of old-form "tuan", "mas" or "bang". He is sometimes referred to in foreign accounts as "Achmad Sukarno", or some variation thereof.
- The son of a Javanese primary school teacher, an aristocratnamed Raden Soekemi Sosrodihardjo, and his HinduBalinese wife from the Brahmin varnanamed Ida Ayu Nyoman Rai from Bulelengregency, Sukarno was born at Jalan Pandean IV/40, Soerabaia (now known as Surabaya), East Java, in the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia).[7][8] He was originally named Kusno Sosrodihardjo
- Sukarno was of Javanese and Balinese descent. Sukarno married Siti Oetari in 1920, and divorced her in 1923 to marry Inggit Garnasih, whom he divorced c. 1943 to marry Fatmawati.[52] Sukarno also married Hartini in 1954, after which he and Fatmawati separated without divorcing. In 1959, he was introduced to the then 19-year-old Japanese hostess Naoko Nemoto, whom he married in 1962 and renamed Ratna Dewi Sukarno. Sukarno also married four other spouses: Haryati (1963–1966); Kartini Manoppo (1959–1968); Yurike Sanger (1964–1968); Heldy Djafar (1966–1969).
- scmp 16jun19 "sins of the father" suharto's children
- Abdurrahman Wahid (/ˌɑːbdʊəˈrɑːxmɑːn
Gus Dur (help·info), was an Indonesian Muslim religious and political leader who served as the President of Indonesia from 1999 to 2001. The long-time president of the Nahdlatul Ulama and the founder of the National Awakening Party (PKB), Wahid was the first elected president of Indonesia after the resignation of Suharto in 1998. His popular nickname Gus Dur, is derived from Gus, a common honorific for a son of kyai, from short-form of bagus ('handsome lad' in Javanese language); and Dur, short-form of his name, Abdurrahman.- [precarious belongings] he reintroduced chinese new year as a national holiday, and lifted the suharto ban on chinese characters and the teaching of chinese language. He also proclaimed that he had chinese ancestors himself.
- http://www.cbsnews.com/news/indonesia-joko-widodo-son-kaesang-pangarep-accused-blasphemy-youtube-muslim/ Indonesian police are investigating allegations of blasphemy and hate speech against the youngest son of President Joko "Jokowi" Widodo. Police plan to summon Kaesang Pangarep for questioning after receiving a complaint about a video uploaded to YouTube in May, Jakarta police spokesman Argo Yuwono said Thursday. However, local media quoted the deputy national police chief, Syafruddin, as saying on Thursday that there appeared to be no criminal offense involved and the case should be dropped. Indonesian men sentenced to public caning for "gay sex" The nearly three-minute video entitled "Ask Daddy for a Project" -- a reference to children of politicians who seek business favors -- includes criticism of Indonesians who during recent sectarian tensions in the Muslim-majority nation declared they would refuse funeral rites for those who supported non-Muslims as leaders.
- Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono GCB AC DUT (First Class) is an Indonesian politician and retired Army general officer who was the President of Indonesia from 2004 to 2014. He is currently the chairman of the Democratic Party of Indonesia and President of the Assembly and Chair of the Council of the Global Green Growth Institute. Yudhoyono won the 2004 presidential election, defeating incumbent President Megawati Sukarnoputri. Widely known in Indonesia by his initials "SBY", he was sworn into office on 20 October 2004, together with Jusuf Kalla as Vice-President. He ran for re-election in 2009 with Boediono as his running mate, and won with an outright majority of the votes in the first round of balloting; he was sworn in for a second term on 20 October 2009. Yudhoyono's term as President ended on 20 October 2014, after having held the office for 10 years.
- Bambang Yudhoyono is of Javanese descent. He was born in Tremas, a village in Arjosari, Pacitan Regency, East Java, to a lower-middle-class family and is the son of Raden Soekotjo and Siti Habibah. His name is Javanese, with Sanskrit roots. Susilo comes from the words su-, meaning good and -sila, meaning behaviour, conduct or moral. Bambang is a traditional male name in Javanese, meaning knight. Yudhoyono comes from the words yuddha -meaning battle, fight; and yana, meaning journey. Thus his name roughly translates to well behaved knight.
- Kristiani Herrawati Yudhoyono[1] (6 July 1952 – 1 June 2019), popularly known as Ani Yudhoyono,[2] was the wife of former Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono and First Lady of Indonesia from 2004 until 2014.[1][2] She was also nicknamed Ibu Ani, or Mother Ani, by Indonesians.Kristiani Herrawati was born on 6 July 1952 in Yogyakarta, to Lieutenant-General (Ret.) Sarwo Edhie Wibowo and Hj.Sunarti Sri Hadiyah.In 1973, she became a medical student at the Christian University of Indonesia, but in the third year she followed her father who was appointed as an ambassador to South Korea. She subsequently married Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY) in 1976.[4] Ani later continued studying at Terbuka University and graduated with a bachelor's degree in Political Science in 1998.
- Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono, M.Sc., MPA., M.A. (born in Bandung, West Java, 10 August 1978) is the oldest child from Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono and Kristiani Herawati. After 16 years in the military, he withdrew in 2016 to be nominated as the Democratic candidate for Governor of Jakarta in the 2017 election, with Sylviana Murni as his running mate.
- Prabowo Subianto Djojohadikusumo (born 17 October 1951) is an Indonesian politician, businessman and former Army lieutenant General. He is the son of Sumitro Djojohadikusumo, an Indonesian economist, and Dora Sigar. He is the former husband of Titiek Suharto, the late President Suharto's second daughter. They were married in 1983 and divorced in 1998 during the Indonesian political crisis.Prabowo's father, Sumitro Djojohadikusumo, was an economist who served as former President Suharto's minister for the economy and minister for research and technology. Sumitro named Prabowo after his own younger brother, a martyr hero who died in a battle against the Dutch in Lengkong, Tangerang during the Indonesian National Revolution.[11] Prabowo's mother, Dora Maria Sigar, was a Protestant Christian of Minahasan descent, who originated from the Maengkom family in Langowan, North Sulawesi.Prabowo has two older sisters, Bintianingsih and Mayrani Ekowati, and one younger brother, Hashim Djojohadikusumo. Hashim's pribumi conglomerate business interests stretch from Indonesia to Canada and Russia.[13] Between 1966 and 1968, the family lived in London, where Prabowo attended and graduated from The American School in London.[14] Sumitro subsequently encouraged his son to attend military academy. One of Prabowo's role models was Turkish military figure Ataturk, and according to peers and observers, Prabowo was talented with a passion for stratagems and had an appetite for political power.Prabowo's grandfather, Margono Djojohadikusumo, was the founder of Bank Negara Indonesia, the first leader of Indonesia's Provisional Advisory Council (Dewan Pertimbangan Agung Sementara), and Committee for Preparatory Work for Indonesian Independence (Badan Penyelidik Usaha Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia).Prabowo married Suharto's daughter, Siti Hediati Hariyadi, in 1983. They have a son, Didit Hediprasetyo, who lived in Boston before settling in Paris to pursue a career in design.
- Former leader's son rises in Indonesia ft 13feb17
- He is likely to retain his chairmanship of Gerindra, the third-largest party in the national legislature, and it is likely to field a presidential contender in 2024. He is also surrounded by influential retired generals. Given his extensive ties to the Army Special Forces, which he commanded in 1995, Prabowo has become the most powerful defence minister in over two decades.Many have suspected that Prabowo helped instigate the riots in May 1998 that targeted ethnic Chinese Indonesians . He also cultivated religious and political leaders who blamed the country’s economic crises in 1996 on the ethnic minority group.He has also called for a review of the country’s trade policy with China and has criticised major Chinese investments. And yet, Prabowo has occasionally been reconciliatory on China as well. Last year, he characterised Indonesia’s ties with China as “very important” and during one of the presidential debates earlier this year, he said Indonesia could learn from China on how to reduce poverty. https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/politics/article/3034634/should-china-be-concerned-about-indonesias-new-defence-minister
- Between 1965 and 1966, at least 500,000 people were killed in Indonesia during a political purge. Following a failed coup, the military went on a rampage and targeted suspected communists across the country.The Act of Killing followed Congo, who was part of a notorious death squad that executed hundreds of suspected leftists, after he was invited to re-enact the killings for the cameras.Anwar Congo died on 25 October aged 78.Congo grew up near an oil field where his family worked near the northern city of Medan. They were relatively well-off, and opposed independence from the Dutch in 1945.He left school at the age of 12 and soon found himself involved in Medan's criminal underworld. The massacre was orchestrated by the military but carried out by roving groups of gangsters and right-wing paramilitaries. Congo's gang was recruited by the army and they interrogated, tortured, and murdered hundreds of suspected leftists.Their gang - which was known as the Frog Squad - became one of the most powerful death squads in the region. Congo, as its executioner, became its most notorious member.The group took inspiration for their murder methods from Hollywood films. Particular favourites of theirs were mafia films and John Wayne's Westerns.Congo is believed to have killed hundreds of people with his own hands. In The Act of Killing, the governor of North Sumatra, Syamsul Arifin, recounted how feared Congo was at that time. "Everyone was scared of him," he said. "When people heard his name they'd be terrified."The violent purge - which remains a sensitive topic in Indonesia - also led to about 100,000 people being imprisoned without trial because of tenuous links to the Communist Party.Perpetrators like Congo and his friends were never held to account for their crimes. He became a revered leader in Indonesia's pro-regime paramilitary, the Pancasila Youth, which grew out of the death squads.https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-50239571
- http://www.forbes.com/profile/garibaldi-thohir/, http://www.bloomberg.com/video/media-mogul-erick-thohir-in-the-us-sports-scene-IIzHTSVXSdKC5yI_kCaIjQ.html, http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/6e2769c0-4970-11e4-9d7e-00144feab7de.html#axzz3FKapdIxV The son of Teddy Thohir, one of Indonesia’s biggest conglomerate bosses, the 44-year-old started out as an executive for his father’s Hanamasa barbecue restaurant chain. With his older brother (Garibaldi, named after the 19th century Italian nationalist leader) designated “crown prince” of the family business empire, Mr Thohir decided to branch out on his own. He bought Republika, Indonesia’s largest Muslim newspaper, which was in financial difficulties in 2000 and moved into magazines, radio and TV, working with tycoons Tomy Winata and the Bakrie family, who have attracted controversy for their political and business dealings.A sports fan, Mr Thohir dabbled in basketball, helping to run the sport’s Indonesian association and setting up a Southeast Asian league. But he viewed his support for sport as “corporate social responsibility” rather than business. That changed when he entered the highly commercial world of US sport, by investing in the Philadelphia 76ers, a National Basketball Association team, in 2011 and DC United, the Washington Major League Soccer team, in 2012. Then last year he moved into the sporting big time when he and Handy Soetedjo, his Indonesian business partner, acquired 70 per cent of Inter Milan from Massimo Moratti, the Italian energy tycoon whose family retain the remaining share. The deal gave the heavily indebted club an enterprise value of about €375m, according to people familiar with the deal, although the figure has not been publicly disclosed.
- Shinta Widjaja Kamdani, sintesa group http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=58210162, china daily 12dec14 asia weekly page 32
- http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/302f4396-411c-11e5-b98b-87c7270955cf.html Fuganto Widjaja loves being in Singapore. There, his family name is an oddity, not a burden. By contrast, anyone in Jakarta, Kalimantan or Sumatra would recognise it as belonging to the ethnic Chinese family that owns Sinar Mas, at one time the second largest conglomerate in Indonesia. Mr Widjaja is the grandson of Eka Tjipta Widjaja, patriarch of possibly the wealthiest family in Indonesia. In 2013, the latter, now in his early nineties, was the country’s richest man, with a net worth of $8.4bn, according to Bloomberg. Although that was before the value of commodities began its recent slide.
- http://www.chinadailyasia.com/people/2015-08/21/content_15307061.html Media mogul Denise Tjokrosaputro attributes her success to a crucial factor that defined her early life — her parents’ firm belief in gender equality when it came to nurturing and educating their children.
- http://www.chinadailyasia.com/people/2014-06/06/content_15138879.html Brought up in a large extended family, Benny Tjokrosaputro started picking up business skills at a young age. The head of Hanson International, a major Indonesian conglomerate with a focus on real estate, was born in the small city of Solo in Java, and grew up sharing his home with his parents, siblings, cousins, aunts, uncles and randparents. His grandparents founded Batik Keris in the 1940s, a textile company producing handicrafts and batik, the distinctive Indonesian style of patterned cloth. The foundations of this family business, which became part of a much bigger and more diverse empire under his father, Handoko, meant that Tjokrosaputro had a comfortable upbringing. Tjokrosaputro’s competitive spirit was nurtured at school, however, where he was keen to take part in events like table-tennis contests.
- Hary Tanoe
- http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/ac3a2ff4-9fdc-11e5-8613-08e211ea5317.html Media mogul Hary Tanoesoedibjo, Donald Trump’s business partner in Indonesia, is eyeing $500m of investments next year as an economic slowdown creates M&A opportunities and spurs competition between tycoons in Southeast Asia’s largest economy. Mr Tanoesoedibjo, 50, told the Financial Times that he is in the midst of negotiations to acquire an oil and gas business, a coal-fired power plant and a number of local banks, with total investment of “around $500m altogether” — equivalent to a tenth of Indonesia’s total mergers and acquisitions activity this year.
- Tony Fernandes, AirAsia http://www.economist.com/news/business/21664195-storms-batter-south-east-asian-success-story-turbulent-patch
- Kartini Muljadi, 84, is Indonesia’s richest women and one of the country’s leading corporate lawyers. Muljadi served as a judge of the Special Court of Jakarta from 1958 to 1970 and then went on to found one of Indonesia’s largest commercial and corporate law firms. Muljadi is also a regular advisor to the Indonesian government and the World Bank. Mujaldi and her family, who were worth $1.1 billion according to Forbes’ 2014 estimates, hold significant stakes in Tempo Scan Pacific TBK, a leading Indonesian pharmaceutical company.
one of her sons is richard
- Nasirun
- Painting auctioned by united asian auctioneers
- chinese
- 印尼國會議長近日提出草案，預備修改一九四五年憲法，廢除總統直選制，改由最高立法機構選舉產生。支持者稱有助國家長期計劃不受總統更替影響；反對者斥是民主倒退，並將權力轉至政黨。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190904/00180_019.html
Tax- A large number of ethnic Chinese people have lived in Indonesia for many centuries. Over time, especially under social and political pressure during the New Order era, most Chinese Indonesians have adopted names that better match the local language.During the Dutch colonial era until the Japanese invasion in 1942, the Dutch administration recorded Chinese names in birth certificates and other legal documents using an adopted spelling convention that was based primarily on Hokkien (Min), the language of the majority of Chinese immigrants in the Dutch East Indies. The administrators used the closest Dutch pronunciation and spelling of Hokkien words to record the names. A similar thing happens in Malaya, where the British administrators record the names using English spelling. Compare Lim (English) vs. Liem (Dutch), Wee or Ooi (English) vs. Oei or Oey (Dutch), Goh (English) vs. Go (Dutch), Chan (English) vs. Tjan (Dutch), Lee (English) vs. Lie (Dutch), Leung or Leong (English) vs Liong (Dutch). Hence, Lin (林, Mandarin) is spelled Liem in Indonesia. Chen (陳) is Tan, Huang (黃) is Oei or Oey, Wu (吳) is Go, Wei (魏) is Goei or Ngoei, Guo (郭) is Kwee, Yang (楊) is Njoo. And so on. Further, as Hokkien romanization standard did not exist then, some romanized names varied slightly. For example, 郭 (Guo) could sometimes be Kwik, Que, Kwek instead of Kwee, and Huang is often Oei instead of Oey. The spelling convention survived well into Indonesian independence (1945) and sovereignty acknowledgment by the Dutch government (1949). It is even still used today by the Chinese-Indonesian diaspora in Europe and America, by those Chinese-Indonesians courageous or famous enough during Suharto's regime to keep their Chinese names (e.g., Kwik Kian Gie, Liem Swie King), or by those too poor to bribe Indonesia's civil court bureaucracy. The Indonesian government changed the Latin spelling twice, first in 1947 (Ejaan Suwandi), and again in 1972 (Ejaan Yang Disempurnakan, literally "Perfected Spelling"). According to the Suwandi system of spelling, "oe" became "u", so Loe is often spelt Lu. Since 1972, Dutch-style "j" became "y", meaning Njoo is now spelt Nyoo.
- 李文正 mochtar riady
- http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20160424/PDF/a11_screen.pdf4月22日上午，清华大学图书馆“李文正馆”落成典礼在图书馆北侧广场举行。“李文正馆”捐赠方印度尼西亚著名华人企业家力宝集团创始人、董事局主席李文正先生、国务院侨务办公室副主任王晓萍女士、清华大学校长邱勇院士、清华大学原校长顾秉林院士、清华大学建筑学院关肇邺院士、清华大学图书馆馆长邓景康教授等出席落成典礼。副校长杨斌教授主持典礼。 http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/epaper/2016-05/11/content_25212180.htm
- http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2016/07/14/a08-0714.pdf 印尼工商會館中國委員會執行主席熊德龍前日在雅加達接受採訪時如是表示。熊德龍認為，這一「裁決」是一個否定歷史的彌天大謊。
- http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2016/11/01/a24-1101.pdf印尼雅加達華裔省長鍾萬學在9月底一場演說中，被指涉嫌褻瀆《可蘭經》，觸怒當地穆斯林，雖然他公開道歉，並主動接受問話
- Sukanto Tanoto (陳江和 pinyin: Chén Jiānghé; 25 December 1949)[2] is an Indonesian businessman involved primarily in the lumber industry. After starting as a supplier of equipment and materials for the state-owned oil firm Pertamina, Tanoto moved into the forest industry in 1973. Tanoto's business interests are represented by the Royal Golden Eagle (RGE) group of companies (previously known as Raja Garuda Mas). 陳江和1949年12月25日生於印尼棉蘭，是七個男孩子中的長子。他的父親從中國大陸的福建省莆田縣（今莆田市）移民到印尼。1966年，當政的蘇哈托新政府強行關閉了中文學校，陳江和因出身華人家庭而被迫輟學。在父親突然辭世後，陳江和接管了家庭的小生意。經過努力，他漸漸將業務從最基本的貿易發展成為為跨國公司建設輸氣管道的供應商，曾經為印尼國營石油公司Pertamina供應設備和材料。1972年石油危機期間，石油價格暴漲，陳江和抓住客戶帶來的機遇迅速擴展業務。有了第一桶金，1973年，陳江和又將精力投向了另一項業務。他注意到日本和台灣從印尼進口原木並把它們加工成夾板，再以高價返銷給印尼。Hkust center for asian famiky business and entrepreneurship studies was named after him.
- 林文镜
- 印尼工商鉅子、著名侨领林文镜祖籍福建福清，上世纪八十年代末回到故乡福清溪头村，帮助家乡摆脱贫困。作为林文镜长子，林宏修七年前来到福州，接掌父亲林文镜融侨集团之同时，继续为福州偏远乡村摆脱贫困尽心尽力。去年八月他主动接触福州市教育局，从“林文镜慈善基金会”中拨出100万元，助100名考上大学但有困难的教师子女完成学业，这是他连续第四年捐款100万元。http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20170817/PDF/a22_screen.pdf
- 印尼國會議長近日提出草案，預備修改一九四五年憲法，廢除總統直選制，改由最高立法機構選舉產生。支持者稱有助國家長期計劃不受總統更替影響；反對者斥是民主倒退，並將權力轉至政黨。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190904/00180_019.html
- Corporate tax
- http://www.scmp.com/business/commodities/article/1722512/indonesia-crack-down-corporate-tax-avoidance-through-transfer Indonesia will crack down on corporate tax avoidance via transfer pricing this year to try to recoup 200 trillion rupiah (HK$120.2 billion) in lost state income, mainly in the commodities sector, the new head of the tax office said. President Joko Widodo's administration, which took office in October, is planning to double its infrastructure spending this year to build ports, power plants and other projects, and the tax office figure for lost income would cover more than two-thirds of that spending.
- http://www.scmp.com/business/economy/article/1695211/indonesia-wants-state-firms-boost-capital-growth
Inbound investment
- http://www.scmp.com/business/article/1779742/boost-widodo-investment-indonesia-picks-record Foreign direct investment in Indonesia quickened in the first full quarter since Joko Widodo became president, providing a boost to the leader's goal of revitalising Southeast Asia's biggest economy. Approved foreign investment climbed 14 per cent in the first three months of 2015, faster than the 10.5 per cent rate in the previous quarter, according to Indonesia Investment Coordinating Board data released in Jakarta on Tuesday. Total investment rose 16.9 per cent to a quarterly record of 124.6 trillion rupiah (HK$74.4 billion), it said. Widodo, known as Jokowi, took office in October pledging to lift growth by cutting red tape, building infrastructure and attracting investment. By January, he had scrapped petrol subsidies to free up government funds for spending on transport and other works. Yet in the ensuing months, his ministers announced rules that made it harder to do business, including a ban on selling beer in convenience stores and a plan to require proficiency in Indonesian from foreigners seeking employment.
Deregulation
- http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/09/02/indonesia-regulations-idUSL4N11824M20150902 Indonesia's government on Wednesday promised quick and "massive deregulation" in manufacturing, trade and agriculture to attract much needed investment in Southeast Asia's largest economy.
The measures are part of a stimulus package being finalized this month by President Joko Widodo in a bid to improve investor sentiment, which has soured due to slowing domestic consumption, China's downturn and weak commodity prices. "We need to carry out massive deregulation and introduce new regulations that will really create a good climate for the economy as soon as possible," Widodo said in a cabinet meeting. "We are racing against time."
Chief economic minister Darmin Nasution said 160 regulations were identified as being negative for investors. The president and cabinet ministers plan to review these regulations in marathon meetings over the next few days to decide which ones to eliminate. "As a consequence we will meet continuously in Bogor starting from tomorrow," Nasution said, referring to a city near the capital where the administration often meets. "If we need to sleep overnight there, we will sleep overnight there."
The stimulus package will also include tax holidays and a new import policy for beef, an important source of protein in the Indonesian diet.
The mining sector was not among the industries being targeted for deregulation, Nasution said. The government was instead looking at how to provide incentives to accelerate smelter developments.
Widodo, a former furniture salesman who became the governor of Jakarta before winning the presidency, also promised to work with parliament to tweak laws seen as obstacles to investment.
Tourist visa
- http://www.scmp.com/news/asia/article/1740576/indonesia-allow-tourists-30-more-countries-visit-without-visa Indonesia will soon allow tourists from an additional 30 countries to visit without a visa, a minister said, but neighbouring Australia was left off the list amid a row over looming executions.
The move comes as Jakarta seeks to boost a faltering economy, which is growing at five-year lows, and to attract more foreign income as the rupiah rapidly weakens. The country currently only allows tourists from 15 countries, mostly in Southeast Asia, to visit without a visa. People from a number of other countries can buy a tourist visa on arrival. The 30 countries added to the list are mainly European, but also include China and several others in Asia, the United States and some nations in the Middle East and Africa, Tourism Minister Arief Yahya said. http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/03/16/us-indonesia-tourism-australia-idUSKBN0MC19O20150316 "Indonesia said on Monday that Australia would be excluded from a list of 45 countries to be offered visa-free travel amid heightened tensions between the countries over the imminent execution of two convicted Australian drug traffickers. Tourism Minister Arif Yahya told reporters the government would next month start waiving visas for citizens of several Asian and European countries and then ask for reciprocity, but that the same policy would not be applied to Australia. "If we give visa-free travel to Australia, we have to be given the same thing," Yahya said. "It cannot be that we give it to them first." Yahya denied the decision was tied to the planned execution of the two Australians, who are among a group of 10 convicts, mostly foreigners, due to face the firing squad for drug offences." http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/cndy/2015-03/18/content_19839114.htm
capital city- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20170708/00180_012.html印尼政府周一宣布，有意把首都遷出雅加達，預計準備工作會在明年啟動，暫未知遷都何處。國家發展計劃部表示，已與總統維多多商討相關經費和評估等，惟有議員認為此舉將加重財政負擔。
- 印尼近年受水浸及地震威脅，總統維多多日前受訪時強調首都雅加達的陸沉危機，指政府必須盡快修建包圍該市的堤壩。他亦重申欲把行政及經濟重心分開，不想所有資源只集中於爪哇島，希望其他地方都可以發展。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20190730/00180_015.html
- https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/politics/article/3024693/saint-jokoburg-jokopolis-indonesias-new-capital-sparks-name-meme An hour after Indonesian President Joko Widodo announced that the country’s capital would move from Jakarta to a site on Borneo island , there was a surge in Google searches for “Penajam Paser Utara” and “Kutai Kartanegara”, the two municipalities the new city will straddle. Indonesians led the way with the searches, followed by Malaysia, then Singapore, Hong Kong and Taiwan. But it was Indonesian Twitter users who got the most creative, issuing memes and jibes about the tongue-twisting names of the two regencies and suggesting names for the yet-to-be named new city. “What’s the capital of the USA? Washington DC. What’s the capital of Indonesia? Penajam Paser Utara and Kutai Kartanegara. Wow, that is a long name,” said Twitter user @rosadicted. Names suggested included Saint Jokoburg, Penakut (a mash-up of the two regencies that translates to “scaredy cat”), Jokowikarta (in reference to Widodo’s nickname Jokowi), Jakarta the second and Kota Indonesia (Indonesia city). Another user, Ruli Harahap, said he was “disappointed Widodo did not choose to name the capital Jokopolis. Or Jokowiville”.Other users pointed out that Kutai Kartanegara could be confused with Kertanegara, an area in south Jakarta, which is home to former general Prabowo Subianto , who earlier this year unsuccessfully challenged Widodo for the presidency.
- https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/southeast-asia/article/3046120/indonesia-taps-tony-blair-and-abu-dhabis-crown-prince Abu Dhabi’s crown prince has agreed to lead a committee that will oversee the
construction of a new capital city for Indonesia that is estimated to cost US$34 billion, an Indonesian official said on Tuesday. Crown Prince Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan said it would be “an honour to play a role in the development of the largest Muslim-majority country,” Indonesian Coordinating Maritime Affairs and Investment Minister Luhut Binsar Pandjaitan said in a statement. The committee will also include Masayoshi Son, the billionaire founder and chief executive of Japanese holding company SoftBank, and former British Prime Minister Tony Blair, who currently runs the Tony Blair Institute for Global Change, he said.
- https://www.reuters.com/article/us-indonesia-capital-softbank/indonesian-minister-says-softbank-offering-to-invest-up-to-40-billion-in-new-capital-idUSKBN1ZG18H
Fishing policy
- http://www.economist.com/news/asia/21637451-new-administration-path-prosperity-watery-one-fishing-trips
Deforestation
- http://www.economist.com/news/asia/21710844-weather-helping-little-despite-tough-talk-indonesias-government-struggling-stem
Fuel subsidy
- http://www.economist.com/news/asia/21638179-jokowi-abandons-wasteful-fuel-subsidies-fiscal-prospects-brighten-good-scrap
The Jakarta Tower (Menara Jakarta) is a partly built tower in Jakarta, Indonesia. If completed, it will stand 558 metres (1,831 ft) tall up to the antenna and would be the tallest freestanding tower in the Southern Hemisphere. Located in Kemayoran, Central Jakarta, work was initially started in 1997, but was halted by the Asian economic crisis. As of 2015, the project is still on hold. The Suharto regime intended Jakarta Tower to be the tallest structure in the world. International architecture design firms were invited to propose designs for the structure. The design itself should represent Trilogi Pembangunan(government's national development philosophy), Pancasila (the national philosophy, which consists of five factors), and August 17 (Indonesia's independence day). The winning design was created by Murphi/Iohn from the United States. However, since the design was too costly to develop, the government opted the runner-up design by East China Architecture Design & Research Institute (ECADI), who created the Shanghai Oriental Pearl Tower in China. The development of the tower was initially developed by Sudwikatmono, Prajogo Pangestu and Henry Pribadi, operated by the company, PT Indocitra Graha Bawana. Its cost was estimated around 400 million US dollars (at that time, still around Rp 900 billion). Originally, the Jakarta Tower was to be built in the Kuningan area, but Soerjadi Soedirdja, the Governor of Special Capital District of Jakarta at that time, did not agree, and proposed to build it in the Kemayoran area that was still under-developed. When the economic crisis hit Asia in 1997, the Indonesian property industry fell and plenty of construction projects were either postponed or cancelled, including the Trilogy Tower. By stopping the development of this tower, concretes that have been buried were abandoned and this area became a wide puddle.After the Indonesian economy began to rise again, the government of Jakarta continued the development of this tower and returning the name back to the Jakarta Tower. The Jakarta Tower then was continued in 2003 went through a new consortium, namely PT Persada Japa Pamudja (PJP) that consisted of national rich businessmen.On October 2010, Wiratman Wangsadinata, Jakarta Tower's consultant and designer, officially announced that Jakarta Tower's construction had been suspended due to lack of finance. In July 2015, one of the largest developers in Indonesia began to marketing about 6 condominiums, 1 grade A office tower and 1 prestigious mall in town, and might remark the project as cancelled.
- During the period of the current development (2006–2011), one of the controversy that enough to come to the forefront about the Jakarta Tower is that this tower will become Christian Center that is supported by the Church of Bethany Indonesia. Regarding to Abraham Alex Tanusaputra, the President Commissioner of this project developer, PT Prasada Japa Pamudja that is also the General Chairman of Indonesia Bethany Church Congress. Moreover, Bethany's group often acknowledged this project as the Jakarta Prayer Tower or Jakarta Revival Center.
- http://www2.krt.com.hk/modules/news/article.php?storyid=3330
Domestic helper
- Indonesia will stop allowing women from the country to work as live-in maids in any foreign nation beginning next year. The authorities want the maids to be employed as formal workers with stipulated working hours and they must have a weekly dat off. Indonesian Ambassador Herman Prayitno said the government does not want the workers to stay at the employer's house. http://www.ibtimes.sg/indonesia-ban-women-working-live-maids-abroad-1483
National flag
- The flag's colours are derived from the banner of the 13th century Majapahit Empire. However, it has been suggested that the red and white symbolism can trace its origin to the older common Austronesian mythology of the duality of Mother Earth (red) and Father Sky (white). This is why these colours appear in so many flags throughout Austronesia, from Tahiti to Madagascar. The earliest records of the red and white panji or pataka (a long flag on a curved bamboo pole) can be found in the Pararaton chronicle; according to this source, the Jayakatwang troops from Gelang-Gelang hoisted the red and white banner during their invasion of Singhasari in the early 12th century. This suggests that even before the Majapahit era, the red and white colours were already revered and used as the kingdom's banner in the Kediri era (1042-c.1222).
- Red and white textile colouring was available in ancient Indonesia. White is the natural colour of woven cotton fabrics, while red is one of the earliest natural dyes, acquired either from teak leaves, the flowers of Averrhoa bilimbi, or the skin of mangosteen fruits.
- The flag featured in a well-known incident during the Indonesian War of Independence when during the lead-up to the Battle of Surabaya in late 1945, Indonesian youths removed a colonial Dutch flag flying over the Yamato Hotel, tore off the blue strip and re-hoisted it as an Indonesian flag. The Hotel was subsequently renamed Hotel Merdeka, meaning Hotel Independence.
language
- https://www.quora.com/Why-has-the-language-policy-been-successful-in-Indonesia
indonesian (language)
- https://www.quora.com/In-what-parts-of-Indonesia-is-Indonesian-spoken-as-the-mother-tongue-It-seems-to-be-everyones-second-language-in-the-whole-country
- https://www.quora.com/What-are-some-typical-sayings-in-Indonesian-English Indonesian phrase “zaman sekarang”, which means present-day, as opposed to “zaman dulu”, which means “in the olden days
- https://www.quora.com/Is-Bahasa-Indonesia-easy-for-English-speakers-to-learn-If-so-why
- baka
- https://www.quora.com/What-does-baka-mean-in-most-languages
- dan - and
- kenyamanam - comfort
- buku - book
- merah - red
- ibu - mother
arts
- Batik (Javanese pronunciation: [ˈbateʔ]; Indonesian: [ˈbatɪk]) is a technique of wax-resist dyeing applied to whole cloth, or cloth made using this technique. Batik is made either by drawing dots and lines of the resist with a spouted tool called a canting (IPA: [ʈ͡ʂantiŋ], also spelled tjanting), or by printing the resist with a copper stamp called a cap (IPA: [ʈ͡ʂap], also spelled tjap). The applied wax resists dyes and therefore allows the artisan to colour selectively by soaking the cloth in one colour, removing the wax with boiling water, and repeating if multiple colours are desired. A tradition of making batik is found in various countries, including Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Philippines and Nigeria; the batik of Indonesia, however, is the best-known. Indonesian batik made in the island of Java has a long history of acculturation, with diverse patterns influenced by a variety of cultures, and is the most developed in terms of pattern, technique, and the quality of workmanship. On October 2009, UNESCO designated Indonesian batik as a Masterpiece of Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.
- Batik Day (Hari Batik Nasional) is an Indonesian holiday for celebrating batik — the traditional cloth of Indonesia. It is celebrated on October 2 and marks the anniversary of when UNESCO recognized batik as a Masterpiece of Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity in 2009.
- palepai - Described by generations of foreign ethnographers and collectors as "ship cloths" because of the predominance of a ship motif, they were said to represent the "ship of the dead." In Sumatra these cloths are also called sesai balak("big wall").
Culture
- Togog adalah putra dewa yang lahir sebelum Semar, tapi karena tidak mampu mengayomi bumi maka Togog kembali ke asal lagi alias tidak jadi lahir. Dan pada waktu bersamaan lahirlah Semar.
- keris (knife)
- dance
- legong
- Njot-njotan / betawi dance
food
- Nasi Padang is a Padang steamed rice served with various choices of pre-cooked dishes originated from West Sumatra, Indonesia. It is known across Indonesia as Nasi Padang, after the city of Padang the capital of West Sumatra province. Nasi Padang (Padang-style rice) is a miniature banquet of meats, fish, vegetables, and spicy sambals eaten with plain white rice, it is Sumatra's most famous export and the Minangkabau's great contribution to Indonesian cuisine.Nasi Padang served in Padang restaurants are easily found in various Indonesian cities in Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, and Papua, to neighboring countries Malaysia and Singapore, and Australia because of Minangkabau people merantau (migrating) tradition contributed to the dispersion of Minang diaspora outside their traditional homeland in West Sumatra. Based on CNN Travel, Nasi Padang is listed as one of 40 food that Singaporeans cannot live without.
traditional medicine
- Jamu (old spelling Djamu) is a traditional medicine from Indonesia. It is predominantly a herbal medicine made from natural materials, such as roots, bark, flowers, seeds, leaves and fruits.[1] Materials acquired from animals, such as honey, royal jelly, milk and ayam kampung eggs are also often used. Jamu can be found throughout Indonesia, however it is most prevalent in Java, where Mbok Jamu, the traditional kainkebaya-wearing young to middle-aged Javanese woman carrying bamboo basket, filled with bottles of jamu on her back, travelling villages and towns alleys, offering her fares of traditional herbal medicine, can be found. In many large cities jamu herbal medicine is sold on the street by hawkers carry a refreshing drink, usually bitter but sweetened with honey or palm sugar. The traditional method of carrying. Herbal medicine is also produced in factories by large companies such as Air Mancur, Nyonya Meneer or Djamu Djago, and sold at various drug stores in sachet packaging. Packaged dried jamu should be dissolved in hot water first before drinking. Nowadays herbal medicine is also sold in the form of tablets, caplets and capsules. These jamu brands are united in an Indonesian Herbal and Traditional Medicine Association, locally known as Gabungan Pengusaha Jamu (GP Jamu).
costume
- https://www.quora.com/Can-you-show-me-some-pictures-about-traditional-dresses-in-your-country/answer/Donal-M-1
Folk song
- "Terang Bulan" (Indonesian for "Bright Moon") is a traditional Indonesian folk song.The song was a traditional Indonesian folk song.The melody became popular and was given its present name, becoming an enduring Malay evergreen at parties and cabarets in the 1920s and 1930s. Since the independence of the Federation of Malaya in 1957, public performances of the song and its melody have outlawed, as any such use is proscribed by statute.
Gamelan (/ˈɡæməlæn/[1]) is thetraditional ensemble music ofJava and Bali in Indonesia, made up predominantly of percussive instruments.
Literature
- http://www.economist.com/news/books-and-arts/21688833-brash-worldly-and-wickedly-funny-eka-kurniawan-may-be-south-east-asias-most-ambitious
film
- indonesian theme in international films
- Krakatoa, East of Java is a 1969 American disaster film starring Maximilian Schell and Brian Keith.[1] The film was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects. During the 1970s, the film was re-released under the title Volcano. The story is loosely based on events surrounding the 1883 eruption of the volcano on the island of Krakatoa, which is actually west of Java. The characters are engaged in the recovery of a cargo of pearls from a shipwreck perilously close to the volcano.
- jacqui chan is one of the actress
- scmp 12oct18
religion
- in ancient java, buddhism was less popular than hinduism. Earliest statues and temples were dedicated to siva and visnu (cakra is a symbol of visnu). Buddhism did have powerful royal patrons and both buddhism and hinduism were linked to 2 families who formed the ruling elite of javanese society during the borobudur period: the sanjaya and the sailendra. Buddhism was closely linked to an influential family known as sailendra or "lords of mountain". The family became a dominant political family in java around AD780, when they displaced another group known as sanjaya. The sanjaya were an older elite who were devotees of hinduism and had been important since at least AD732, the date of earliest known inscription (found on mount wukir) to mention a kingdom in central java, in which a king sanjaya is mentioned. The two families intermarried.
- In 832, Sailendra queen, sri kahulunan, married a sanjaya known as rakai pikatan. Pikatan gave donations to various buddhist sanctuaries, including Plaosan; and also devoted to construction of hindu complex at prambanan that is now known as loro jonggrang. He had war with sailendran prince balaputra. After AD850, Sanjaya held supreme power in java, and without support of sailendra, no more great buddhist monuments were built.
- in modern indonesia, five religions are recognised by the government: buddhism, islam, balinese hinduism, protestantism and catholism. Buddhists and balinese hindus together make up about three pc of indonesia's population.
- 印尼一個最近由敍利亞返國的六口之家，昨日對國內第二大城市泗水三間教堂發動連環自殺式炸彈襲擊，造成至少十三人死亡及四十一人受傷。
http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20180514/00180_005.html
- islam
- https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/politics/article/3021124/indonesias-largest-muslim-group-set-bigger-role-jokowis-second Indonesia’s largest moderate Muslim organisation Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) is poised to expand its influence in President Joko Widodo’s new government, following the country’s divisive election campaign dominated by explosive rhetoric on religion and ethnicity. Widodo, popularly known as Jokowi, chose as his vice-president an elderly cleric aligned with the NU, Ma’ruf Amin. Support from the group’s 60 million members helped secure his re-election in April, easing fears that the world’s most populous Muslim nation would succumb to faith politics in choosing its next leader. Since then, NU’s political vehicle, the National Awakening Party (PKB), has nominated its president Muhaimin Iskandar, as the Indonesian parliament’s upper house leader. Yenny Wahid, the great-granddaughter of NU founder Hasyim Asy’ari has been touted by local media as a possible cabinet minister, and Zuhairi Miswari, a key NU member, continues to be Widodo’s spokesperson.
- planning three pilot halal business center in java and batam island
- halal certification
- economist 5cot19 "this magazine is certified halal"
- https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/lifestyle-culture/article/3047411/netflix-haram-indonesias-islamic-clerics-are-ready Indonesia’s supreme body of Islamic clerics says it is ready to issue a fatwa, or religious edict, declaring Netflix haram, or forbidden, if it is found to be providing “negative content”.Hasanuddin, the chairman of the fatwa board at the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI), said on Wednesday that digital platforms like Netflix and social media were both vulnerable to being corrupted by content that went against the country’s religious and legal norms.The cleric called on Indonesians to monitor Netflix and report any such content, adding that while the MUI was yet to receive any complaints from the public, it would act swiftly as soon as it did.
- https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/food-drink/article/3052098/five-indonesias-best-restaurants-pork-and-why-country-worlds An appreciation for tasty pork dishes has become increasingly visible in Indonesia, as diners share photos of their dinners on social media, and listings of restaurants and shops specialising in pork on food delivery sites run into the hundreds.It’s an unlikely trend in the world’s most populous Muslim nation, where almost nine out of 10 citizens – about 225 million people – and are not permitted to eat the succulent meat.Yet millions of Indonesian Christians, Hindus and non-practising Muslims are becoming increasingly vocal on the internet about their enthusiasm for all things pork.From Western-style barbecues with sausages and cuts, to the Hindu island of Bali’s succulent roast pork speciality and forays into Jakarta’s Chinatown, the love of pig meat is proudly on display.
- economist 4apr2020 "wed first, ask questions later" as conservative islam grips indonesia, young muslims are ditching dating
Historic men
- http://edition.cnn.com/2016/06/09/asia/indonesia-flores-hobbits-trnd/ More than a decade after scientists found fossil evidence of a tiny race of humans -- nicknamed the "Hobbits" -- on the Indonesian island of Flores, we now know how they became so small. A partial lower jaw and six teeth, belonging to at least one adult and two children and dating to around 700,000 years ago, show how the Hobbits' regular-sized ancestors "rapidly" shrank to around 3.2 feet (one meter) high.
diaspora
- [precarious belongings] in the 1980s the militaristics new order state led by then president suharto first encouraged temporary transnational female labor migration as part of its development agenda. Rural, uneducated women were targeted. Initially this appear to contradict the state's earlier islamic and nationalistic discourses of kodrat, which refers broadly to the idea of fixed destinies and duties that are specific to men and women (men breadwinners and women's place is in the home as nurturing mothers and wives). Even in 1970s, under the banner of women and development when the state encouraged women to labor in the wage-earning sphere, this was on condition that women did not neglect their domestic duties. By 1990s, in the state's promotion or labour migration to the middle east, their dominant vision of idealised feminity was translated into a migratory income-earning woman for the sake of the national family's larger goal of eoncomic development. Recruitment agencies and state representatives encouraged women's migration to saudi arabia rather than non-muslim countries like hk or singapore. Particularly appealing for many women was the possibility of making the pilgrimage to mecca. The increase of remittances around the muslim fasting month of ramadhan lined with migration with the fulfilment of national, religious and familial duties. In the 21st c, muslim women began to face religious based social sanctions against their transnational mobility. The National council of ulama (mui) declared female labor migration to be un-islamic. Although the national regulation of placement and protection of migrant workers stipulates that all migrants require the written permission of a spouse or kin to migrate, in practice, this is only applied to women migrants. A woman requires permission from her father or , if married, her husband. Nonetheless, these religious-based social sanctions and legal stipulations are only loosely and unevenly enforced in central java. Thousands of central javanese muslim women do not only continue to migrate annually but are also, in many cases, publicly and privately encouraged and praised for doing so.
- taiwan
- https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/society/article/3010083/no-place-home-ethnic-chinese-who-escaped-indonesia-taiwan-wake
indigenous/ethnic
- Native Indonesians, or Pribumi (literally "inlanders"), are members of the population group in Indonesia that shares a similar sociocultural and ethnic heritage whose members are considered natives of the country.In ancient Java, the ideas of native versus foreign identities are usually confined into ethno-cultural and language boundaries, as the ideas of Javanese identity being developed. The Kaladi inscription (c. 909 CE), mentioned Kmir (Khmer people of Khmer kingdom) together with Campa (Champa) and Rman (Mon) as foreigners from mainland Southeast Asia that frequently came to Java to trade.[11] The Anjukladang inscription (c. 937 CE) mentioned about infiltration attack from Malayu (which refer to a Srivijayan attack). In this inscription, the ideas of native Javanese is contrasted to its "foreign nemesis", the Malays of Sumatra.
- http://www.scmp.com/culture/article/2122407/day-my-chinese-dad-was-declared-bona-fide-indonesian-and-given-new-name
- The Toraja are an ethnic group indigenous to a mountainous region of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Their population is approximately 1,100,000, of whom 450,000 live in the regency of Tana Toraja ("Land of Toraja"). Most of the population is Christian, and others are Muslim or have local animist beliefs known as aluk ("the way"). The Indonesian government has recognised this animist belief as Aluk To Dolo ("Way of the Ancestors"). The word toraja comes from the Bugis Buginese language term to riaja, meaning "people of the uplands". The Dutch colonial government named the people Toraja in 1909. Torajans are renowned for their elaborate funeral rites, burial sites carved into rocky cliffs, massive peaked-roof traditional houses known as tongkonan, and colourful wood carvings. Toraja funeral rites are important social events, usually attended by hundreds of people and lasting for several days. Before the 20th century, Torajans lived in autonomous villages, where they practised animism and were relatively untouched by the outside world. In the early 1900s, Dutch missionaries first worked to convert Torajan highlanders to Christianity. When the Tana Toraja regency was further opened to the outside world in the 1970s, it became an icon of tourism in Indonesia: it was exploited by tourism developers and studied by anthropologists. By the 1990s, when tourism peaked, Toraja society had changed significantly, from an agrarian model — in which social life and customs were outgrowths of the Aluk To Dolo—to a largely Christian society. Today, tourism and remittances from migrant Torajans have made for major changes in the Toraja highland, giving the Toraja a celebrity status within Indonesia and enhancing Toraja ethnic group pride.
- From the 17th century, the Dutch established trade and political control on Sulawesi through the Dutch East Indies Company. Over two centuries, they ignored the mountainous area in the central Sulawesi, where Torajans lived, because access was difficult and it had little productive agricultural land. In the late 19th century, the Dutch became increasingly concerned about the spread of Islam in the south of Sulawesi, especially among the Makassarese and Bugis peoples. The Dutch saw the animist highlanders as potential Christians. In the 1920s, the Reformed Missionary Alliance of the Dutch Reformed Church began missionary work aided by the Dutch colonial government.[10] In addition to introducing Christianity, the Dutch abolished slavery and imposed local taxes. A line was drawn around the Sa'dan area and called Tana Toraja ("the land of Toraja"). Tana Toraja was first a subdivision of the Luwu kingdom that had claimed the area.[11] In 1946, the Dutch granted Tana Toraja a regentschap, and it was recognised in 1957 as one of the regencies of Indonesia.
- 米南佳保人（印尼语：Minangkabau）也称“米南人”（Minang）或“巴东人”（Padang）Minangkabau people (Minangkabau: Urang Minang; Indonesian: Suku Minang; Jawi: اورڠ مينڠ), also known as Minang, is an ethnic group indigenous to the Minangkabau Highlands of West Sumatra, Indonesia. The Minangkabau are the largest matrilineal society in the world, with property, family name and land passing down from mother to daughter, while religious and political affairs are the responsibility of men, although some women also play important roles in these areas. This custom is called Lareh Bodi Caniago and is known as Adat perpatih in Malaysia. Today 4.2 million Minangs live in the homeland of West Sumatra, while about 60% of the people are scattered throughout many Indonesian and Malay Peninsular cities and towns.The Minangkabau are famous for their dedication to education, as well as the widespread diaspora of their men throughout southeast Asia, the result being that Minangs have been disproportionately successful in gaining positions of economic and political power throughout the region. The co-founder of the Republic of Indonesia, Mohammad Hatta, was a Minang, as were the first President of Singapore, Yusof bin Ishak, and the first Supreme Head of State or Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia, Tuanku Abdul Rahman. The Minangkabau are strongly Islamic, but also follow their ethnic traditions, or adat. The Minangkabau adat was derived from animist and Hindu-Buddhist beliefs before the arrival of Islam, and remnants of animist beliefs still exist even among some practising Muslims. The present relationship between Islam and adat is described in the saying "tradition [adat] founded upon Islamic law, Islamic law founded upon the Qur'an" (adat basandi syara', syara' basandi Kitabullah).Based on the Raffles' vision, Minangkabau is believed to have been the cradle of the Malay race. Their West Sumatran homelands was the seat of the Pagaruyung Kingdom and the location of the Padri War (1821 to 1837). The name Minangkabau has been falsely thought to be a conjunction of two words, minang ("victorious") and kabau ("buffalo"). There is allegedly a legend that the name is derived from a territorial dispute between the Minangkabau and a neighbouring prince. To avoid a battle, the local people proposed a fight to the death between two water buffalo to settle the dispute. The prince agreed and produced the largest, meanest, most aggressive buffalo. The Minangkabau produced a hungry baby buffalo with its small horns ground to be as sharp as knives. Seeing the adult buffalo across the field, the baby ran forward, hoping for milk. The big buffalo saw no threat in the baby buffalo and paid no attention to it, looking around for a worthy opponent. But when the baby thrust his head under the big bull's belly, looking for an udder, the sharpened horns punctured and killed the bull, and the Minangkabau won the contest and the dispute.
- Adityawarman was a king of Malayapura, a state in central Sumatra. He was the cousin of Jayanegara, king of Majapahit in 1309–1328, and the grandson of Tribhuwanaraja, king of Melayu Kingdom. Adityawarman was awarded the Senior Minister of Majapahit (wreddamantri) and used this authority to launch Majapahit military expansion plans and conquered east coast region in Sumatra. Adityawarman then founded the royal dynasty of Minangkabau in Pagarruyung and presided over the central Sumatra region to take control of the gold trade between 1347 and 1375.
- flag is tricolor like that of belgium but yellow is in the centre column
- The Betawi language—also known as Betawi Malay, is a Malay-based creole language. It was the only Malay-based dialect spoken on the northern coast of Java; other northern Java coastal areas are overwhelmingly dominated by Javanese dialects, while some parts speak Madurase and Sundanese. Betawi vocabulary has many Hokkien Chinese, Arabic, and Dutch loanwords. Today the Betawi language is a popular informal language in Indonesia and used as the base of Indonesian accent. It has become one of the most widely-spoken languages in Indonesia, and also one of the most active local dialects in the country.
- A majority of the Betawi people follow Sunni Islam. However, there are a significant number who profess the Christian faith. Among the Betawi ethnic Christians, some have claimed that they are the descendants of the Portuguese Mardijker which intermarried with the local population, who mainly settled in the area of Kampung Tugu, North Jakarta. Although today Betawi culture is often perceived as a Muslim culture, it also had other roots which includes Christian Portuguese and Chinese Peranakan culture. Recently, there is an ongoing debate on defining Betawi culture and identity—as mainstream Betawi organizations are criticized for only accommodating Muslim Betawi while marginalizing non-Muslim elements within Betawi culture—such as Portuguese Christian Betawi Tugu and Tangerang Cina Benteng community.
- scmp 1dec18 on the book chinese annals of batavia, the kai ba lidai shiji and other stories (1610-1795)
- The Dani people, also spelled Ndani, and sometimes conflated with the Lani group to the west, are a people from the central highlands of western New Guinea (the Indonesian province of Papua).They are one of the most populous tribes in the highlands, and are found spread out through the highlands. The Dani are one of the most well-known ethnic groups in Papua, due to the relatively numerous tourists who visit the Baliem Valley area where they predominate. "Ndani" is the name given to the Baliem Valley people by the Moni people, and, while they don't call themselves Dani, they have been known as such since the 1926 Smithsonian Institution-Dutch Colonial Government expedition to New Guinea under Matthew Stirling who visited the Moni.
- The Buginese or Bugis people are an ethnic group—the most numerous of the three major linguistic and ethnic groups of South Sulawesi, in the southwestern province of Sulawesi, third largest island of Indonesia.[3] The Austronesian ancestors of the Bugis people settled on Sulawesi around 2500 B.C.E. There is "historical linguistic evidence of some late Holoceneimmigration of Austronesian speakers to South Sulawesi from Taiwan"—which means that the Buginese have "possible ultimate ancestry in South China", and that as a result of this immigration, "there was an infusion of an exogenous population from China or Taiwan."布吉人又譯作武吉斯人（馬來語：Orang Bugis），是生活在印度尼西亞南蘇拉威西原始區域的民族，該地區3個主要民族中人口最多的一個。15世紀時，馬來人和米南佳保人等移民開始遷移到蘇拉威西島並擔任Gowa王國的行政管理階層或是從事商業貿易，然後漸漸被布吉文化影響而改變，最後也被歸類是布吉人. 許多布吉人居住在望加錫、Pare-pare這樣的港口城市，但更多布吉人居住在Maros的低地平原上，從事農業。有自己的民族語言布吉語。在歐洲的文獻中，布吉人以勤勞勇敢聞名。馬來西亞的雪蘭莪州也有少量布吉人分佈。- KFBG event on 6mar2020 - KFBG is delighted to once again host Jhon Kwano, an elder from the Dani tribe in the highlands of New Guinea, the largest island in Melanesia. https://www.kfbg.org/eng/events/public-talk-jhon-kwano-2020.aspx
- people
- Muhyiddin bin Haji Muhammad Yassin (Jawi: محي الدين بن محمد يسٓ) (born 15 May 1947) is a Malaysian politician and the 8th Prime Minister of Malaysia. Muhyiddin was born in Muar, Johor, Malaysia. His father, Haji Muhammad Yassin bin Muhammad, was a Malay of Buginese descent. Muhammad Yassin was an Islamic theologian and clericbased in Bandar Maharani, Muar, Johor, while his mother, Hajjah Khadijah binti Kassim, was a Malay of Javanesedescent.
- 慕尤丁以馬來民族主義見稱，他在納吉布任內曾任副總理兼教育部長，終結馬哈蒂爾推動的英語教學政策，當時在野黨質問其教育理念是否以「馬來西亞人優先」，慕尤丁回應以「馬來人優先」，估計他就任總理後，或令大馬種族關係再次緊張。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2020/03/01/a11-0301.pdf
History
- The Medang or Mataram Kingdom was a Javanese Hindu–Buddhist kingdom that flourished between the 8th and 10th centuries. It was based in Central Java, and later in East Java. Established by King Sanjaya, the kingdom was ruled by the Sailendra dynasty. During most of its history, the kingdom seems to rely heavily on agricultural pursuit, especially extensive rice farming, and later also benefited from the maritime trade. According to foreign sources and archaeological findings, the kingdom seems to be well populated and quite prosperous. The kingdom had developed a complex society, they had a well developed culture and had achieved a degree of sophistication and refined civilisation. In the period between the late 8th century to the mid-9th century, the kingdom saw the blossoming of classical Javanese art and architecture, testified by the rapid growth of temple construction dotted the landscape of its heartland in Mataram (Kedu and Kewu Plain). The most notable temples constructed in Medang Mataram are Kalasan, Sewu, Borobudur and Prambanan temples. By 850, the kingdom had become the dominant power in Java and later of its history, was a serious rival to the hegemonic Srivijaya Empire.
- The Kingdom of Bali was a series of Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms that once ruled some parts of the volcanic island of Bali, in Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia. With a history of native Balinese kingship spanning from the early 10th to early 20th centuries, Balinese kingdoms demonstrated sophisticated Balinese court culture where native elements of spirit and ancestral reverence combined with Hindu influences – adopted from India through ancient Java intermediary – flourished, enriched and shaped the Balinese culture. Since the mid-19th century, the colonial state of Dutch East Indies began its involvements in Bali, as they launched their campaign against Balinese minor kingdoms one by one. By the early 20th century, the Dutch has completed their conquest of Bali as these minor kingdoms fell under their control, either by force resulted in Puputan fighting followed by mass ritual suicide, or surrendered graciously to the Dutch. Either way, despite some of these Balinese royal houses still surviving, these events ended a millennium of the native Balinese independent kingdoms, as the local government changed to Dutch colonial administration, and later to provincial government of Bali within the Republic of Indonesia.
- According to the Babad Dalem manuscript (composed in 18th century), the conquest of Bali by the Hindu Javanese kingdom of Majapahit was followed by the installation of a vassal dynasty in Samprangan in the present-day Gianyar regency, close to the old royal centre Bedulu. This event took place in the mid-14th century. The first Samprangan ruler Sri Aji Kresna Kepakisan sired three sons. Of these the eldest, Dalem Samprangan, succeeded to the rulership but turned out to be an incompetent ruler. His youngest brother Dalem Ketut founded a new royal seat in Gelgel while Samprangan lapsed in obscurity.
- After 1651 the Gelgel kingdom began to break up due to internal conflicts. In 1686 a new royal seat was established in Klungkung, four kilometres north of Gelgel. The rulers of Klungkung, known by the title Dewa Agung, were however unable to maintain power over Bali. The island was in fact split into nine minor kingdoms; Klungkung, Buleleng, Karangasem, Mengwi, Badung, Tabanan, Gianyar, Bangli and Jembrana. These minor kingdoms developed their own dynasty, built their own Puri (Balinese palace compound) and established their own government. Nevertheless, these nine kingdoms of Bali admitted Klungkung leadership, that the Dewa Agung kings of Klungkung are their primus inter pares among Balinese kings, and deserved the honourable titular as the king of Bali. Most of these kingdoms today formed the base and boundaries of Kabupaten(regencies) of Bali.
- Bedulu, also spelt Bedahulu or Bedaulu, is a historical site in Bali, Indonesia. According to Balinese historical tradition, Bedulu was once the royal capital of a great kingdom of Bedahulu. The Dalem Bedaulu ruled the Pejeng dynasty from here, and was the last Balinese king to withstand the onslaught of the powerful Javanese Majapahit, led by Gajah Mada back in 1343.[1] After Majapahit campaign, the seat of Balinese court under Majapahit was shifted to nearby Samprangan.As the ancient royal court, there are numbers of archaeological sites found in and around Bedulu. One of the most important is the cave temples and ritual bathing pool of Goa Gajah, Yeh Pulu bas-reliefs carved upon cliffs, and Pura Samuan Tiga Hindu Balinese temple.[1] The Purbakala Archaeological Museum is located there.
- https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/travel-leisure/article/3047358/ritual-combat-camera-drone-era-indigenous-tribe-bali-aga Blood splatters onto the wooden platform from one of the 400 Bali Aga men fighting at the Makare-kare. Known abroad as the pandan wars, the ritual sees men of all ages engage in combat in honour of the war god Indra, and is the highlight of a traditional harvest festival on the Indonesian island of Bali.“The Bali Aga are the descendants of the Bedahulu kingdom,” says Ketut Pancawan, a fifty-something-year-old member of Tenganan’s patrimonial tribal council. “After the Javanese conquest of Bali led by Gajah Mada in the 14th century, the remnants of the Bedahulu kingdom escaped deep into the interior of the island.”The Makare-kare is one of many customs that separate the Bali Aga from the Hindu Balinese of the coast. While the Indonesian government also recognises the Bali Aga as Hindu, their animistic traditions more closely resemble those of the Sasak, a tribe on the neighbouring island of Lombok, than of most of the Balinese, who are descendants of the Javanese Majapahit empire.Now, having fled the island’s imperial invaders and avoided the Dutch colonial yoke because of their isolation in the mountains of Bali, the Bali Aga find themselves having to adjust to another invasion – this time of tourists.
- The Sultanate of Mataram /məˈtɑːrəm/ was the last major independent Javanese kingdom on Java before the island was colonised by the Dutch. It was the dominant political force radiating from the interior Central Java from the late 16th century until the beginning of the 18th century. Mataram reached its peak of power during the reign of Sultan Agung Hanyokrokusumo (r. 1613–1645), and began to decline after his death in 1645. By the mid-18th century, Mataram lost both power and territory to the Dutch East India Company (Dutch: Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie; VOC). It had become a vassal state of the company by 1749.
- The Indonesian National Revolution, or Indonesian War of Independence (Indonesian: Perang Kemerdekaan Indonesia; Dutch: Indonesische Onafhankelijkheidsoorlog), was an armed conflict and diplomatic struggle between the Republic of Indonesia and the Dutch Empire and an internal social revolution during postwar and postcolonial Indonesia. It took place between Indonesia's declaration of independence in 1945 and the Netherlands' recognition of Indonesia's independence at the end of 1949. The revolution marked the end of the colonial administration of the Dutch East Indies, except for Netherlands New Guinea. It also significantly changed ethnic castes as well as reducing the power of many of the local rulers (raja). It did not significantly improve the economic or political fortune of the majority of the population, although a few Indonesians were able to gain a larger role in commerce.
- historical places
- Yogyakarta (/ˌjɒɡjəˈkɑːrtə/ or/ˌjoʊɡjəˈkɑːrtə/; also Jogja or Jogjakarta, is a city and the capital of Yogyakarta Special Region in Java, Indonesia. It is renowned as a center of education (Kota Pelajar), classical Javanese fine art and culture such as batik, ballet, drama, music, poetry, and puppet shows. Yogyakarta was the Indonesian capital during theIndonesian National Revolution from 1945 to 1949, with Gedung Agung as the president's office. One of the districts in Yogyakarta, Kotagede, was the capital of the Mataram Sultanate between 1575 and 1640. The city is named after the Indian city of Ayodhya from the Ramayana epic.Yogya means "suitable, fit, proper", andkarta, "prosperous, flourishing" (i.e., "a city that is fit to prosper"). Its population was 388,627 inhabitants at the 2010 census and its built-up (or metro) area was home to, 4,010,436 inhabitants spread on two cities (Yogyakarta and Magelang) and 65 districts spread on Sleman, Klaten, Bantul, Kulon Progo and Magelang regencies. While urbanization sprawls, Yogyakarta-Magelang and Surakarta are being agglomerated in a few years. The Dutchname of the city is Jogjakarta.
- Jemparingan was an activity for the elite and the nobility. It became popular at the palace of Pakualaman duchy, and, in the 1960s, outgrew its exclusivity to become a public sport for the local community. The Jemparingan tournament that The Jakarta Post Travel attended was a celebration of the anniversary of the Langenastro archery fraternity, which fell on May 3. The event was attended by 104 participants from Yogyakarta, Klaten and Surakarta. Jemparingan is not just a regular pastime for locals; it is also a life lesson, according to the secretary of the Langenastro fraternity, Hafiz Priyotomo. Manah is a Javanese word with two meanings: archery and heart, and Jemparingan is as much an exercise for the soul as it is for the body. Hafiz explained that the process of loading, aiming and firing in Jemparingan needed patience, good concentration and focus. Jemparingan teaches people about sincerity, sportsmanship, hard work and to focus on one’s goal instead of one’s rivals. https://sg.news.yahoo.com/learning-jemparingan-ancient-javanese-art-archery-170000030.html , also china daily 17aug16
Opec
- http://jakartaglobe.beritasatu.com/commodities/indonesia-hopes-rejoin-opec-year-end/ Indonesia hopes to rejoin OPEC by the group's next meeting in around six months' time, Energy Minister Sudirman Said said on Thursday. Last month, the minister said the country's President Joko Widodo had agreed to a plan for Indonesia to rejoin the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, over six years after Southeast Asia's biggest crude producer left the group. "We didn't withdraw our membership, we just suspended it," Sudirman told reporters in Vienna ahead of OPEC's meeting on Friday in which the group is expected to agree on maintaining its current production ceiling for the next six months. He said OPEC, of which 12 countries are currently members, would discuss the request soon.
Usa
-http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/c65b8c78-12cf-11e6-91da-096d89bd2173.html
Grasberg has been the foundation of Freeport’s place as the world’s largest listed copper mining company for almost 30 years. But now that control is mired in uncertainty, with Freeport struggling to gain approval from the Indonesian government for an extension to its Grasberg contract, amid nationalist desire to control more natural resources in Southeast Asia’s largest economy.
- http://www.reuters.com/article/indonesia-freeport-tax-idUSL4N1FG1NB Mining giant Freeport McMoRan Inc said its Indonesian unit, facing $469 million in water taxes and penalties in Papua province dating back to 2011, will contest a ruling by a local tax court that rejected its lawsuit on the matter. Freeport said in documents accompanying earnings disclosure on Wednesday it "expects to challenge this decision at Indonesia's Supreme Court and is evaluating its options". A spokesman for PT Freeport Indonesia declined to comment on the matter. The unit is currently in talks with the Indonesian government about changing the terms of its mining rights, a move whereby Indonesia expects the company to pay more taxes than under its existing contract.
- http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSL1N1FA1MC https://www.ft.com/content/ff36fcd4-e318-11e6-9645-c9357a75844a Jakarta wants all foreign companies to a sign a new mining licence, commit to building smelters and agree to sell a 51 per cent stake in their mines to local owners. Until they do, they will not be allowed to export ore or in Freeport’s case copper concentrate from Grasberg, its most important asset. However, Freeport is unwilling to convert its contract of work to a new operating licence unless it can get the same level of legal and fiscal certainty it has under its existing agreement. It has threatened to cut jobs and investment if it cannot reach a deal.
- https://www.reuters.com/article/indonesia-freeport-mcmoran-rio-tinto/corrected-update-2-rio-tinto-in-talks-for-grasberg-copper-stake-sale-idUSL3N1ST5JT Global miner Rio Tinto Ltd confirmed on Wednesday it was in discussions to sell its interest in the world’s second largest copper mine to Indonesia’s Inalum. Rio Tinto confirmed that discussions between it, Indonesia’s state mining holding company Inalum and miner Freeport were ongoing, “including as to price,” noting reports of a potential $3.5 billion purchase price. No agreement had been reached and that was “no certainty that binding agreements will be signed,” the miner said in a statement. The long heralded potential sale comes as Rio Tinto divests assets that do not meet its internal return requirements and as it bolsters its balance sheet and pays down debt. Grasberg is owned and operated by Freeport Indonesia (PTFI), a subsidiary of US-based Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold Inc. . Rio Tinto has a joint venture with Freeport for a 40 per cent share of production above specific levels until 2021, and 40 per cent of all production after 2021.
- Indonesia is ready to curb imports from the European Union should the bloc make it harder for member countries to purchase palm oil produced in Southeast Asia's largest country, Trade Minister Enggartiasto Lukita told reporters on Friday (03/11).
"Should Europe continue to disrupt our palm oil [exports], we can [halt imports of] milk powder," the minister said on the sidelines of 13th Indonesian Palm Oil Conference and 2018 Price Outlook, an annual event held by the Indonesian Palm Oil Association (Gapki).http://jakartaglobe.id/business/eu-contemplates-cuts-palm-oil-imports-indonesia-prepares-retaliatory-trade-policies/
uk
- The UK and Indonesia have today (Wednesday 16 October) agreed to begin a round of exploratory trade talks. Her Majesty’s Trade Commissioner for Asia Pacific, Natalie Black, has today signed the terms of reference that will see both countries hold a Joint Trade Review. Indonesia’s Director General of International Trade Negotiation, Mr. Iman Pambagyo, signed the terms of reference alongside Ms Black in Tangerang. UK and Indonesian trade officials will meet in London in December to begin the review.https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-and-indonesia-announce-new-joint-trade-review
France
- French companies are helping to establish so-called smart cities across the archipelago as part of efforts to enhance the partnership between Indonesia and France, while promoting the latest technologies in sustainable urban development. http://jakartaglobe.id/news/indonesia-set-to-develop-smart-cities-with-french-expertise/
Netherlands
- Mangkunegaran is a small hereditary Duchylocated within the region of Surakarta inIndonesia. It was established in 1757 by Raden Mas Said, when he submitted his army toPakubuwono III in February, and swore allegiance to the rulers of Surakarta,Yogyakarta, and the Dutch East Indies Company, and was given an appanage of 4000 households.
- Raden Saleh Sjarif Boestaman (1811 – 23 April 1880) was a pioneeringIndonesian Romantic painter of Arab-Javanese ethnicity. He was considered to be the first "modern" artist from Indonesia (then Dutch East Indies), and his paintings corresponded with nineteenth-century romanticism which was popular in Europe at the time. He also expressed his cultural roots and inventiveness in his work.
Raden Saleh Sjarif Boestaman was born in 1811 in Semarang on the island of Java in theDutch East Indies (present-day Indonesia). He was born into a noble Hadhrami family where his father was Sayyid Husen bin Alwi bin Awal bin Yahya, an Indonesian of Arab descent. He was the grandson of Sayyid Abdullah Bustaman maternally. Raden Saleh is particularly remembered for his historical painting, The Arrest of Pangeran Diponegoro, which depicted the betrayal of the rebel leader Prince Diponegoro by the colonial government, thus ending the Java Warin 1830. The Prince was tricked into entering Dutch custody near Magelang, believing he was there for negotiations of a possible cease-fire. He was captured through treachery and later deported. Saleh finished this painting in 1857 and presented it to Willem III of Netherlands in The Hague. It was returned to Indonesia in 1978 as a realization of a cultural agreement between the two countries in 1969, regarding the return of cultural items which were taken, lent, or exchanged to the Dutch in the previous eras. However, the painting did not fall under any of those category because Saleh presented it to the King of Netherland and was never in the possession of Indonesia. It was returned as a gift from the Royal Palace of Amsterdam, and is currently displayed at the Merdeka Palace Museum in Jakarta.
- Pieter Antonie Ouwens (14 February 1849, Amsterdam – 5 March 1922, Buitenzorg) was a Dutch scientist and Director of the Java Zoological Museum and Botanical Gardens. He is best known for writing the first formal description of the Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis) in 1912.
Australia
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20170105/00180_024.html印尼陸軍特種部隊自上月底開始，在澳洲珀斯與該國的空降特勤隊（SAS）進行聯合訓練。但昨日印尼軍方證實，訓練上周起已停止，兩國的軍事合作亦告暫停。有印尼傳媒披露，事件與訓練中教學資料涉侮辱印尼「建國五原則」有關。印尼總統維多多及國防部長均重申，這並非他們的決定，形容事件被人誇大處理。
Japan
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20160505/00180_021.html 印尼政府日前落實，在西爪哇省建設該國最大港口。早前在印尼高鐵訂單爭奪戰中敗給中國的日本，表明有意參與該項價值高達三十三億美元（約二百六十億港元）的港口建設工程。報道指，日方正考慮積極合作興建港口，正與印尼洽談日圓貸款事宜。敲定的港口位於雅加達以東約一百廿公里，預計後年動工，最早於二○一九年局部投入運作。
- http://www.scmp.com/business/global-economy/article/1838665/japanese-automakers-stick-sales-targets-indonesia
south korea
- fta
- Indonesia and South Korea announced here on Wednesday the conclusion of talks on a bilateral trade deal between the two countries. It was announced by Indonesian Trade Minister Enggartiasto Lukita and his South Korean counterpart Yoo Myung-Hee.The two signed a document marking the conclusion of the talks."Should this agreement takes into effect next year, Indonesia may see a 20 percent trade growth with South Korea next year compared with last year," Lukita said on the sidelines of the document signing, which was witnessed by Indonesian Vice President Jusuf Kalla. The two-way trade between Indonesia and South Korea after the implementation of the trade deal may reach 30 billion U.S. dollars by 2022, significantly higher than 18.62 billion dollars recorded in 2018, Lukita said.http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-10/17/c_138477283.htm
- 吉阿吉阿語 Cia-Cia (Bahasa Ciacia), also known as Buton(ese), is an Austronesian language spoken principally around the town of Baubau on the southern tip of Buton Island off the southeast coast of Sulawesi in Indonesia. In 2009, the language gained international media attention as the town of Baubau was teaching children to read and write Cia-Cia in Hangul, the Korean alphabet, and the mayor consulted the Indonesian government on the possibility of making the writing system official.[3] However, the project encountered difficulties between the city of Baubau, the Hunminjeongeum Society, and the Seoul Metropolitan Government in 2011,[4] and was abandoned in 2012.[5] As of 2017 it remains in use in schools and on local signs.
- https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/southeast-asia/article/2186169/consortium-led-south-korean-company-build-us65-billion A private consortium led by a South Korean company has announced that it will invest an estimated US$6.5 billion in a new industrial zone, seaport and coal-fired power plant in Indonesia’s North Kalimantan province.The project will be built on 5,664 hectares of land at the Tanah Kuning-Mangkupadi international port and industrial zone, which is currently under construction.Choi Jong-oh, CEO of consortium leader PT Dragon Land, said the exact amount to be invested will only be fixed once a feasibility study, bankrolled by the South Korean government, has been completed in about a year’s time. Jo Sol, from South Korea’s Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, confirmed that Seoul had agreed to grant Jakarta US$600,000 for the study. The seaport alone is expected to cost US$700 million to construct, according to Choi, and will be equipped to handle a sizeable chunk of the vast quantities of coal and other natural resources that are extracted each year from Kalimantan, which comprises the Indonesian portion of the island of Borneo.
Malaysia
- The Indonesian–Malaysian confrontation or Borneo confrontation (also known by its Indonesian/Malay name, Konfrontasi) was a violent conflict from 1963–66 that stemmed from Indonesia's opposition to the creation of Malaysia. The creation of Malaysia was the amalgamation of the Federation of Malaya (now West Malaysia), Singapore and the crown colony/British protectorates of North Borneo and Sarawak (collectively known as British Borneo, now East Malaysia) in September 1963.[12] Important precursors to the conflict included Indonesia's policy of confrontation against Netherlands New Guinea from March–August 1962 and the Brunei Revolt in December 1962. The confrontation was an undeclared war with most of the action occurring in the border area between Indonesia and East Malaysia on the island of Borneo (known as Kalimantan in Indonesia). The conflict was characterised by restrained and isolated ground combat, set within tactics of low-level brinkmanship. Combat was usually conducted by company- or platoon-sized operations on either side of the border. Indonesia's campaign of infiltrations into Borneo sought to exploit the ethnic and religious diversity in Sabah and Sarawak compared to that of Malaya and Singapore, with the intent of unraveling the proposed stateof Malaysia.The intensity of the conflict began to subside following the events of the 30 September Movement and Suharto's rise to power. A new round of peace negotiations between Indonesia and Malaysia began in May 1966 and a final peace agreement was signed on 11 August 1966 with Indonesia formally recognising Malaysia.
singapore
- https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/explained/article/3023918/whats-behind-indonesias-move-reclaim-control-riau-islands When Indonesian President Joko Widodo met with Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamadearlier this month, one item of discussion was on Jakarta’s flight information region (FIR), according to a statement put out by Kuala Lumpur after the meeting.
There were no further details given on the discussion but last month, Indonesia’s Foreign Minister Retno Marsudi told local media that Jakarta and Singapore had made “significant progress” on Indonesia’s bid to reclaim control of the FIR over the Riau Islands. The FIR is a section of Indonesian airspace that is managed by the city state. Singapore has been in control of flights above some areas of the province – such as Batam, Tanjung Pinang, Bintan and the Natuna Islands – since 1946. This was approved by the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO), that felt the island nation would be able to ensure high standards of safety and efficiency. But Widodo, who will embark on his second term from October, has given his administration a directive to claim back the FIR by the time his second – and final term – ends in 2024.
Trade
- http://www.scmp.com/business/commodities/article/1627868/alumina-sees-bauxite-ore-shortage-china-amid-indonesian-ban
Investment Environment
- http://www.scmp.com/property/international/article/1844243/indonesia-revise-rules-allow-foreign-investment-real-estate
- terminating investment treaties:
- http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/3755c1b2-b4e2-11e3-af92-00144feabdc0.html#axzz2z38j5sjo
- Michael Ewing Chow letter to editor on 16 apr 14 http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/20c6c518-c16c-11e3-97b2-00144feabdc0.html
- http://www.scmp.com/business/economy/article/1440566/indonesia-seeks-benefit-thai-turmoil-and-rising-wages
- MNC presence
- MNC presence
- Galerie Lafayette
- Pacific PLace
- Lotte Shopping Avenue
- Ciputra World
- Central Department Store
- Parkson Department Store
Homegrown brands
- Indofood
- Garuda Food
- Tehbotol
- SariWangi
- Viva Cosmetics
- Bintang
- Metro
- Polytron
- Sariayu
- OT Wings
- Khong Guan
- Maspion Group
- Dua Kelinci
- Roma
- LION STAR
- SEGITIGA BIRU
- ABC
Event
- Trade Expo Indonesia http://www.tradexpoindonesia.com/
Halo semuanya.
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