- Aesthetic Realism is the philosophy founded by poet and critic Eli Siegel (1902–1978) in 1941. It is based on three core principles. First, the deepest desire of every person is to like the world on an honest or accurate basis. Second, the greatest danger for a person is to have contempt for the world and what is in it—contempt defined as the false importance or glory from the lessening of things not oneself. Third, the study of what makes for beauty in art is a guide for a good life: "All beauty is a making one of opposites, and the making one of opposites is what we are going after in ourselves." The philosophy is principally taught at the Aesthetic Realism Foundation, a nonprofit educational foundation based in SoHo, New York City, through a variety of lectures, classes in poetry, anthropology, art, music, and individual consultations. The Foundation faced controversy for its assertion that men changed from homosexuality through study of this philosophy. In 1990, it stopped presentations and consultations on this subject, explaining that it did not want to be involved in the atmosphere of anger surrounding the issue, and saying that "we do not want this matter, which is certainly not fundamental to Aesthetic Realism, to be used to obscure what Aesthetic Realism truly is: education of the largest, most cultural kind."
- [situationist international]the traditional goal of aesthetics is to produce, by means of art, impressions of certain past elements of life in circumstances where those elements are lacking or absent, in such a way that those elements escape the disorder of appearaces subject to the ravages of time.
nose in art
- https://www.quora.com/Why-is-there-a-nose-type-called-the-Greek-nose-when-I-notice-most-Greeks-have-what-is-considered-a-Roman-nose-like-myself
dyes
- 中世紀的古本手稿中，常用到一種亮麗的水藍色天然染料墨水，惟雖有文獻記載其植物提煉及製造方法，但近千年來，後人仍無法確實將之重現。葡萄牙有學者經近三年研究後，終從一種生長於該國南部的植物中，提煉出可製成該種染料墨水的分子。里斯本新大學保育專家梅洛，與一些化學家、植物學專家組成研究團隊，他們根據古代文獻記載，在南部小鎮蒙薩拉什（Monsaraz）搜尋當中提及的天芥屬植物大青葉。梅洛表示，實際上，當地人也對大青葉所知不多，但慶幸皇天不負有心人，最終被團隊找到這個墨水的關鍵原材料。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20200420/00180_040.html
inks
- [media today by joseph turow] lampblack ink or india ink is introduced in china in 2500-3000 BCE
paints
- constituents
- oil based
- system
ivory
- walrus ivory
foil application
- gold leaf application
pattern
- A meander or meandros (Greek: Μαίανδρος) is a decorative border constructed from a continuous line, shaped into a repeated motif. Such a design is also called the Greek fret or Greek key design, although these are modern designations. On the one hand, the name "meander" recalls the twisting and turning path of the Maeander River in Asia Minor, and on the other hand, as Karl Kerenyi pointed out, "the meander is the figure of a labyrinth in linear form".[2] Among some Italians, these patterns are known as Greek Lines. Usually the term is used for motifs with straight lines and right angles; the many versions with rounded shapes are called running scrolls. Meanders are common decorative elements in Greek and Roman art. In ancient Greece they appear in many architectural friezes, and in bands on the pottery of ancient Greece from the Geometric Period onwards. The design is common to the present-day in classicizing architecture. The meander is a fundamental design motif in regions far from a Hellenic orbit: labyrinthine meanders ("thunder" pattern) appear in bands and as infill on Shang bronzes, and many traditional buildings in and around China still bear geometric designs almost identical to meanders.
- In mathematics, physics, and art, a moiré pattern (/mwɑːrˈeɪ/; French: [mwaʁe]) or moiré fringes are large-scale interference patterns that can be produced when an opaque ruled pattern with transparent gaps is overlaid on another similar pattern. For the moiré interference pattern to appear, the two patterns mustn't be completely identical, but rather e.g. displaced, rotated or have slightly different pitch. Moiré patterns appear in many different situations. In printing, the printed pattern of dots can negatively interfere with the image. In television and digital photography, a pattern on an object being photographed can interfere with the shape of the light sensors to generate unwanted artifacts. They are also sometimes created deliberately – in micrometers they are used to amplify the effects of very small movements. In physics, its manifestation is the beat phenomenon that occurs in many wave interference conditions.
- A rosette is a round, stylized flower design.The rosette derives from the natural shape of the botanical rosette, formed by leaves radiating out from the stem of a plant and visible even after the flowers have withered.The rosette design is used extensively in sculptural objects from antiquity, appearing in Mesopotamia,and in funeral steles' decoration in Ancient Greece. It was adopted later in Romaneseque and Renaissance, and also common in the art of Central Asia, spreading as far as India where it is used as a decorative motif in Greco-Buddhist art.
Chiaroscuro (English: /kiˌɑːrəˈsk(j)ʊəroʊ/ kee-AR-ə-SKOOR-oh, -SKEWR-, Italian: [ˌkjaroˈskuːro]; Italian for '"light-dark"'), in art, is the use of strong contrasts between light and dark, usually bold contrasts affecting a whole composition. It is also a technical term used by artists and art historians for the use of contrasts of light to achieve a sense of volume in modelling three-dimensional objects and figures.[1]Similar effects in cinema and photography also are called chiaroscuro.
The term toreutics, relatively rare in English, refers to artistic metalworking, - hammering gold or silver (or other materials), engraving, or using repoussé and chasing to form minute detailed reliefs or small engraved patterns.[3] Toreutics can include metal-engraving – forward-pressure linear metal removal with a burin.Toreutics claims great antiquity.[5] It was practised in the Bronze Age and was well established centuries before the shaft graves.[6] Toureutic items of special quality from the Iron Age are the Certosa situla from Italy and from Slovenia the Vače situla and the Vače belt-plate. Toreutics flourished to an unusual degree among the peoples of Asia Minor, Assyria, Babylon, and passed from thence to ancient Persia.[7] One spectacular example of the direct influence of Persia in toreutics is believed to be the Treasure of Nagyszentmiklós found in Transylvania in 1799, and considered to be work of Old Bulgarian[8] gold smiths. It consists of 23 vessels and has been attributed to Attila's Huns,[9] the Avars[10] and Pechenegs. The majority of scholars however, consider it Bulgarian (Proto-Bulgarians,[11] Bulgars), because of its runic inscriptions.
- Repoussé or repoussage (French pronunciation: [ʁəpuse]; [ʁəpusaʒ] respectively) is a metalworking technique in which a malleable metal is ornamented or shaped by hammering from the reverse side to create a design in low relief. It is a form of toreutics.彫金（ちょうきん）とは、たがね（鏨）を用いて金属を彫ること意味する。 プラチナ、金、銀、銅、真鍮、鉄、アルミ、錫などの金属を主材料にして作る。 装飾（ジュエリー・アクセサリー）や仏具・家具などの飾り金具などを主に制作するための技術である。
A mandorla is an aureola, or frame, usually in the shape of a vesica piscis, which surrounds the figures of Christ and the Virgin Mary in traditional Christian art. It is distinguished from a halo in that it encircles the entire body, and not just the head. It is commonly used to frame the figure of Christ in Majesty in early medieval and Romanesque art, as well as Byzantine art of the same periods.The term mandorla, from the Italian language name for the "almond" nut, refers to the usual shape. Sometimes however, especially in earlier depictions, the mandorla takes circular or elliptical forms. Sometimes, also usually in earlier forms, the mandorla is shown as the intersection of two circles. Rhombic mandorlas are also sometimes seen.
- examples
Unesco cultural heritage conventions
- 1970 convention (illicit trade)
- 1972 world heritage
- 2003 intangible heritage
- 2005 diversity of cultural expressions
Eu
- art 22 eu charter fundamental rights
- 2005 faro convention
ICOM statutes
- ICOM Code of Ethics for museums was adopted in 1986 and revised in 2004. It establishes the values and principles shared by ICOM and the international museum community. It is a reference tool translated to 38 languages and it sets minimum standards of professional practice and performance for museums and their staff.
Trafficking of cultural property
- http://www.unesco.org/new/en/culture/themes/illicit-trafficking-of-cultural-property/1970-convention/ At the end of the 1960 and in the beginning of the 1970s, thefts were increasing both in museums and at archaeological sites, particularly in the countries of the South. In the North, private collectors and, sometimes, official institutions, were increasingly offered objects that had been fraudulently imported or were of unidentified origin. It is in this context, and to address such situations, the Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property was created in 1970.
Transfer of cultural objects
- denmark to greenland (utimut, rights approach)
- american repatriation regime (nagpra, debt-based morality)
vandalism of historical artefacts, arts, crafts
nose in art
- https://www.quora.com/Why-is-there-a-nose-type-called-the-Greek-nose-when-I-notice-most-Greeks-have-what-is-considered-a-Roman-nose-like-myself
Burlesque is a literary, dramatic or musical work intended to cause laughter by caricaturing the manner or spirit of serious works, or by ludicrous treatment of their subjects. The word derives from the Italian burlesco, which, in turn, is derived from the Italian burla – a joke, ridicule or mockery. Burlesque overlaps in meaning with caricature, parody and travesty, and, in its theatrical sense, with extravaganza, as presented during the Victorian era. "Burlesque" has been used in English in this literary and theatrical sense since the late 17th century. It has been applied retrospectively to works of Chaucer and Shakespeare and to the Graeco-Roman classics. Contrasting examples of literary burlesque are Alexander Pope's The Rape of the Lock and Samuel Butler's Hudibras. An example of musical burlesque is Richard Strauss's 1890 Burleske for piano and orchestra. Examples of theatrical burlesques include W. S. Gilbert's Robert the Devil and the A. C. Torr – Meyer Lutz shows, including Ruy Blas and the Blasé Roué. A later use of the term, particularly in the United States, refers to performances in a variety show format. These were popular from the 1860s to the 1940s, often in cabarets and clubs, as well as theatres, and featured bawdy comedy and female striptease. Some Hollywood films attempted to recreate the spirit of these performances from the 1930s to the 1960s, or included burlesque-style scenes within dramatic films, such as 1972's Cabaret and 1979's All That Jazz, among others. There has been a resurgence of interest in this format since the 1990s.
dyes
- 中世紀的古本手稿中，常用到一種亮麗的水藍色天然染料墨水，惟雖有文獻記載其植物提煉及製造方法，但近千年來，後人仍無法確實將之重現。葡萄牙有學者經近三年研究後，終從一種生長於該國南部的植物中，提煉出可製成該種染料墨水的分子。里斯本新大學保育專家梅洛，與一些化學家、植物學專家組成研究團隊，他們根據古代文獻記載，在南部小鎮蒙薩拉什（Monsaraz）搜尋當中提及的天芥屬植物大青葉。梅洛表示，實際上，當地人也對大青葉所知不多，但慶幸皇天不負有心人，最終被團隊找到這個墨水的關鍵原材料。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20200420/00180_040.html
inks
- [media today by joseph turow] lampblack ink or india ink is introduced in china in 2500-3000 BCE
paints
- constituents
- Pigment
- Resin/oil
- Solvent
- Others- dryers/hardeners/catalysts; stabilizer; plasticizers; extenders; anti skinning agents
- oil based
- primers, undercoats, gloss and eggshell finishes, varnishes and glazes, scumbles
- thinner - white spirit
- water based
- emulsion paints, vinyl paints, acrylic primers, undercoats and gloss, PVA, designer distempers
- thinner - water
- spirit based
- wood stains, knotting, shellac, french polish
- thinner - methylated spirit
- Primers
- Sealers
- Undercoats
- Pigmented finishing or top coats
- Clear coatings
- Stains
- Coshh technical data
- Product data
- haswa requirements
- Spreading capacity litres
- Recoat able periods
- Tough dry time
- Application methods
- Cleaning methods
colour
- rainbow
painting
- Gouache (/ɡuˈɑːʃ,
- style
- impressionism
amorini
- https://www.facebook.com/niaf.org/photos/pcb.10158236323548856/10158236313988856
pottery
- development
陶瓦Terracotta, terra cotta or terra-cotta (pronounced [ˌtɛrraˈkɔtta]; Italian: "baked earth", from the Latin terra cocta), a type of earthenware, is a clay-based unglazed or glazed ceramic, where the fired body is porous. Terracotta is the term normally used for sculpture made in earthenware, and also for various utilitarian uses including vessels (notably flower pots), water and waste water pipes, roofing tiles, bricks, and surface embellishment in building construction. The term is also used to refer to the natural brownish orange color of most terracotta, which varies considerably.
- nok culture, nigeria, iron age
- amlash female idol, kaluraz, gilan province, iran https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Female_idol_Kaluraz_expo_Eclectique.jpg
sculpture
- rainbow
- [eckstut] in 12thc, arc is portrayed onky in red and green, with a band of white running through its center. It wasn't until renaissance that rainbows took on additional hues and not until 18thc (post new modern) that they acquired the bands we name today.
painting
- Gouache (/ɡuˈɑːʃ,
- style
- From the later part of the 15th century, Venice had a distinctive, thriving and influential art scene. Beginning with the work of Giorgione (c. 1477–1510), and the workshop of Giovanni Bellini (c. 1430–1516), major artists of the Venetian school included Titian (1489–1576), Tintoretto (1518–1594), Veronese (1528–1588) and the Bassano (1510–1592). Considered to bring a primacy of color over line, this tradition was seen to contrast with the Mannerism then prevalent in the rest of Italy, and the Venetian style is viewed as having had a great influence on the subsequent development of painting. During the early-15th century, Venetian art was dominated by the earlier styles arising from its Byzantine links, as exemplified by the work of the Vivarini family. From the late-15th century, Venetian painting developed through links with Andrea Mantegna (1431–1506) (from nearby Padua) and of a visit by Antonello da Messina (c. 1430–1479), who introduced the oil painting technique of Early Netherlandish painting, probably acquired through his training in Naples. Another external factor was the visit by Leonardo da Vinci, who was particularly influential on Giorgione. During his long career, Bellini has been credited with creating the Venetian style. From his earlier works, such as his Madonna of the Trees (c. 1487) which largely reflect the linear approach of Mantegna, he later developed a softer style, where glowing colours are used to represent form and suggest an atmospheric haze. Applying this approach in his San Zaccaria Altarpiece (1505), the high viewpoint, the uncluttered and interconnected figures arranged in space, and the subtle gestures all combine to form a tranquil yet majestic image. With such works he has been described as reaching the High Renaissance ideals, and certainly expresses the key distinctive factors of the Venetian school.
- impressionism
- china
- chinese students and artists who had studied in europe and japan first introduced impressionism to china. Chinese painters include li shutong(1880-1942), guan liang(1900-1986), chen baoyi(1893-1845), liu haisu(1895-1994)
- simultaneous contrast
- [eckstut] used extensively by paul cezanne (build bridge from impressionism to cubism) and sonia delaunay (next step co-founded the orphism movement (offshoot of cubism)
- https://www.facebook.com/niaf.org/photos/pcb.10158236323548856/10158236313988856
pottery
- development
- coarseware 5000 years ago
- hard pottery 2000 years ago
- chalky pottery tang dynasty
- ceramics, song dynasty
陶瓦Terracotta, terra cotta or terra-cotta (pronounced [ˌtɛrraˈkɔtta]; Italian: "baked earth", from the Latin terra cocta), a type of earthenware, is a clay-based unglazed or glazed ceramic, where the fired body is porous. Terracotta is the term normally used for sculpture made in earthenware, and also for various utilitarian uses including vessels (notably flower pots), water and waste water pipes, roofing tiles, bricks, and surface embellishment in building construction. The term is also used to refer to the natural brownish orange color of most terracotta, which varies considerably.
- nok culture, nigeria, iron age
- amlash female idol, kaluraz, gilan province, iran https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Female_idol_Kaluraz_expo_Eclectique.jpg
sculpture
- https://www.quora.com/In-medieval-Europe-why-was-there-an-absence-of-marble-statues
- note Map of the Roman Empire with its chief marble quarries, it is only later that new quarries were opened in Europe North of the Alps.
ivory
- walrus ivory
- The Lewis chessmen (Norwegian: Lewisbrikkene; Scottish Gaelic: Fir-Tàilisg; Scots: Lewis chesmen) or Uig chessmen, named after the bay where they were found,[1] are a group of distinctive 12th-century chess pieces, along with other game pieces, most of which are carved from walrus ivory. Discovered in 1831 on Lewis in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland, they may constitute some of the few complete, surviving medieval chess sets, although it is not clear if a set as originally made can be assembled from the pieces. When found, the hoard contained 93 artifacts: 78 chess pieces, 14 tablemen and one belt buckle. Today, 82 pieces are owned and usually exhibited by the British Museum in London, and the remaining 11 are at the National Museum of Scotland in Edinburgh.The British Museum claims the chessmen were probably made in Trondheim, Norway, in the 12th century,[3] although some scholars have suggested other Nordic countries.[4] During that period, the Outer Hebrides, along with other major groups of Scottish islands, were ruled by Norway.
foil application
- gold leaf application
- established practice in japan by the end of 16th century within the jokamachi (castle town) of kanazawa under the protection of toshiie maeda, feudal lord of the kaga hyakumankoku region. The first leaf foil crafting complex came into being at the end of the edo period. "Entsuke gold leaf"金銀箔 born from kanazawa
pattern
- A meander or meandros (Greek: Μαίανδρος) is a decorative border constructed from a continuous line, shaped into a repeated motif. Such a design is also called the Greek fret or Greek key design, although these are modern designations. On the one hand, the name "meander" recalls the twisting and turning path of the Maeander River in Asia Minor, and on the other hand, as Karl Kerenyi pointed out, "the meander is the figure of a labyrinth in linear form".[2] Among some Italians, these patterns are known as Greek Lines. Usually the term is used for motifs with straight lines and right angles; the many versions with rounded shapes are called running scrolls. Meanders are common decorative elements in Greek and Roman art. In ancient Greece they appear in many architectural friezes, and in bands on the pottery of ancient Greece from the Geometric Period onwards. The design is common to the present-day in classicizing architecture. The meander is a fundamental design motif in regions far from a Hellenic orbit: labyrinthine meanders ("thunder" pattern) appear in bands and as infill on Shang bronzes, and many traditional buildings in and around China still bear geometric designs almost identical to meanders.
- In mathematics, physics, and art, a moiré pattern (/mwɑːrˈeɪ/; French: [mwaʁe]) or moiré fringes are large-scale interference patterns that can be produced when an opaque ruled pattern with transparent gaps is overlaid on another similar pattern. For the moiré interference pattern to appear, the two patterns mustn't be completely identical, but rather e.g. displaced, rotated or have slightly different pitch. Moiré patterns appear in many different situations. In printing, the printed pattern of dots can negatively interfere with the image. In television and digital photography, a pattern on an object being photographed can interfere with the shape of the light sensors to generate unwanted artifacts. They are also sometimes created deliberately – in micrometers they are used to amplify the effects of very small movements. In physics, its manifestation is the beat phenomenon that occurs in many wave interference conditions.
- A rosette is a round, stylized flower design.The rosette derives from the natural shape of the botanical rosette, formed by leaves radiating out from the stem of a plant and visible even after the flowers have withered.The rosette design is used extensively in sculptural objects from antiquity, appearing in Mesopotamia,and in funeral steles' decoration in Ancient Greece. It was adopted later in Romaneseque and Renaissance, and also common in the art of Central Asia, spreading as far as India where it is used as a decorative motif in Greco-Buddhist art.
- note the bronze rosette 寶相花 mirror from tang dynasty - marchance auction 2019 lot 8124 https://www.marchance-auctioneers.com/en/past/lot/62/page/3/page_size/30/style/1
Chiaroscuro (English: /kiˌɑːrəˈsk(j)ʊəroʊ/ kee-AR-ə-SKOOR-oh, -SKEWR-, Italian: [ˌkjaroˈskuːro]; Italian for '"light-dark"'), in art, is the use of strong contrasts between light and dark, usually bold contrasts affecting a whole composition. It is also a technical term used by artists and art historians for the use of contrasts of light to achieve a sense of volume in modelling three-dimensional objects and figures.[1]Similar effects in cinema and photography also are called chiaroscuro.
Sgraffito (Italian: [zɡrafˈfiːto]; plural: sgraffiti; sometimes spelled scraffito) is a technique either of wall decor, produced by applying layers of plaster tinted in contrasting colours to a moistened surface, or in pottery, by applying to an unfired ceramic body two successive layers of contrasting slip or glaze, and then in either case scratching so as to reveal parts of the underlying layer.[1] The Italian past participle "sgraffiato" is also used, especially of pottery.Sgraffito and Sgraffiti derive from the Italian word graffiare ("to scratch"), ultimately from the Greek γράφειν (gráphein, "to write"). Related terms include graffito and graffiti.Sgraffito on walls has been used in Europe since classical times, it was popularized in Italy in the 15th and 16th centuries[2] and can be found in African art. In combination with ornamental decoration these techniques formed an alternative to the prevailing painting of walls. Of late[when?]there has been an unmistakable growing interest in this old technique. The technical procedure is relatively simple, and the procedures are similar to the painting of frescoes. Sgraffito played a significant role during the years of the Renaissance in Italy, with two of Raphael's workshop, Polidoro da Caravaggio and his partner Maturino da Firenze, among the leading specialists, painting palace facades in Rome and other cities.
The term toreutics, relatively rare in English, refers to artistic metalworking, - hammering gold or silver (or other materials), engraving, or using repoussé and chasing to form minute detailed reliefs or small engraved patterns.[3] Toreutics can include metal-engraving – forward-pressure linear metal removal with a burin.Toreutics claims great antiquity.[5] It was practised in the Bronze Age and was well established centuries before the shaft graves.[6] Toureutic items of special quality from the Iron Age are the Certosa situla from Italy and from Slovenia the Vače situla and the Vače belt-plate. Toreutics flourished to an unusual degree among the peoples of Asia Minor, Assyria, Babylon, and passed from thence to ancient Persia.[7] One spectacular example of the direct influence of Persia in toreutics is believed to be the Treasure of Nagyszentmiklós found in Transylvania in 1799, and considered to be work of Old Bulgarian[8] gold smiths. It consists of 23 vessels and has been attributed to Attila's Huns,[9] the Avars[10] and Pechenegs. The majority of scholars however, consider it Bulgarian (Proto-Bulgarians,[11] Bulgars), because of its runic inscriptions.
- Repoussé or repoussage (French pronunciation: [ʁəpuse]; [ʁəpusaʒ] respectively) is a metalworking technique in which a malleable metal is ornamented or shaped by hammering from the reverse side to create a design in low relief. It is a form of toreutics.彫金（ちょうきん）とは、たがね（鏨）を用いて金属を彫ること意味する。 プラチナ、金、銀、銅、真鍮、鉄、アルミ、錫などの金属を主材料にして作る。 装飾（ジュエリー・アクセサリー）や仏具・家具などの飾り金具などを主に制作するための技術である。
A mandorla is an aureola, or frame, usually in the shape of a vesica piscis, which surrounds the figures of Christ and the Virgin Mary in traditional Christian art. It is distinguished from a halo in that it encircles the entire body, and not just the head. It is commonly used to frame the figure of Christ in Majesty in early medieval and Romanesque art, as well as Byzantine art of the same periods.The term mandorla, from the Italian language name for the "almond" nut, refers to the usual shape. Sometimes however, especially in earlier depictions, the mandorla takes circular or elliptical forms. Sometimes, also usually in earlier forms, the mandorla is shown as the intersection of two circles. Rhombic mandorlas are also sometimes seen.
- examples
- jubilee of mercy logo http://www.iubilaeummisericordiae.va/content/gdm/en/giubileo/logo.html
Dzi bead (Tib. གཟི།; pronounced "zee"; alternative spelling: gzi) is a type of stone bead of uncertain origin worn as part of a necklace and sometimes as a bracelet. In several Asian cultures, including that of Tibet, the bead is considered to provide positive spiritual benefit. These beads are generally prized as protective amulets and are sometimes ground into a powder to be used in traditional Tibetan medicine. Beads subject to this process have small "dig marks" where a portion of the bead has been scraped or ground away to be included in the medicine. Some dzi exhibit grinding and polishing of one or both ends, again the result of reduction for use in traditional Tibetan medicine or, in some cases, due to the bead's use as a burnishing tool in the application of gold leaf to thanka paintings or gilt bronze statuary. The most highly prized dzi beads are those of ancient age, made of natural agate. The original source of these beads is a mystery. While the traditional, ancient-style beads are greatly preferred, new modern-made dzi are gaining popularity amongst Tibetans.The meaning of the Tibetan word "dzi" [གཟི།] translates to "shine, brightness, clearness, splendor." In Mandarin Chinese, dzi are called "heaven's bead" or "heaven's pearl" (天珠; tiān zhū).
Ormolu /ˈɔːrməluː/ (from French or moulu, signifying ground or pounded gold) is an English term, used since the 18th century for the gilding technique of applying finely ground, high-carat gold–mercury amalgamto an object of bronze, and for objects finished in this way. The mercury is driven off in a kiln leaving behind a gold coating. The French refer to this technique as bronze doré; in English, it is known as "gilt bronze".
Unesco cultural heritage conventions
- 1970 convention (illicit trade)
- 1972 world heritage
- 2003 intangible heritage
- 2005 diversity of cultural expressions
Eu
- art 22 eu charter fundamental rights
- 2005 faro convention
ICOM statutes
- ICOM Code of Ethics for museums was adopted in 1986 and revised in 2004. It establishes the values and principles shared by ICOM and the international museum community. It is a reference tool translated to 38 languages and it sets minimum standards of professional practice and performance for museums and their staff.
Trafficking of cultural property
- http://www.unesco.org/new/en/culture/themes/illicit-trafficking-of-cultural-property/1970-convention/ At the end of the 1960 and in the beginning of the 1970s, thefts were increasing both in museums and at archaeological sites, particularly in the countries of the South. In the North, private collectors and, sometimes, official institutions, were increasingly offered objects that had been fraudulently imported or were of unidentified origin. It is in this context, and to address such situations, the Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property was created in 1970.
Transfer of cultural objects
- denmark to greenland (utimut, rights approach)
- american repatriation regime (nagpra, debt-based morality)
vandalism of historical artefacts, arts, crafts
- https://www.quora.com/Why-do-they-seem-to-have-all-these-Roman-Greek-Moorish-or-Egyptian-statues-with-the-noses-broken-off
Culture bureau
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20151019/00176_152.html 本港藝術發展路難行，有藝術工作者稱，本港屬商業社會，藝術文化不易全面普及，政府對本地藝術發展的支援不足，亦限制了本地的藝術工作者。學者促政府成立文化局，為本港藝術發展帶來新思維。對於本港現時的藝術發展，手作眼鏡設計師Emily坦言仍處於起步階段。她有感政府過度重視國際藝術創作，對本土或自家創產品支援不足，令她需透過非牟利機構的資助，才能繼續創作。皮革設計師Joe亦指，當局提倡的藝術發展，只是紙上談兵，例如資助往往申請步驟繁複，「一日廿四個鐘，用一半時間去處理申請資助嘅文件、寫建議書，再等審批，又唔知最終係咪批畀你，自己搵地方仲好啦。」香港浸會大學視覺藝術院副教授麥海珊稱，「藝術」涵蓋的範疇很廣，藝術發展局目前的角色只是為政府資助「分餅仔」。她認為，政府應成立文化局，「咁可以方便處理跨部門嘅問題，例如放寬工廈用途就已經涉及唔同部門」，長遠亦可為本港制訂整體的文化政策。
- http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20160114/PDF/a11_screen.pdf當日與成 立創新及科技局同時提出的文化局，前者已 「係威係 勢」，後者卻 「蹤影全無」。 對此，梁振英在回答提問時不諱言，成立文化局 之事，已不在他本屆任期施政的考慮之列。 梁振英帶點無奈地說： 「成立文化局，我都好想 ；但一諗到立法會、諗到那個漫長的過程，我就只能 放棄了。眼前，光是工務工程，就有七十多個項目還 在排隊等候審議。」
- http://www.hkcd.com.hk/pdf/201612/1215/HZ13C15CLAA.pdf 香港文化產業聯會white paper proposing culture bureau and a culture and innovation sector fund
Google Cultural Institute http://www.google.com/culturalinstitute/home?view=grid&hl=en
Asia Art Archive http://www.aaa.org.hk/
HKCO
- singtao 25feb15 a9 article on three generations
- http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/education-community/article/1851991/hong-kong-chinese-orchestra-sets-out-first-baltic (mentioned no private tours!)
- tour in china
Hong Kong Children's Symphony Orchestra
- http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1846316/hong-kong-childrens-symphony-orchestra-set-historic-vienna-debut The city's young musical ambassadors will make a historic debut at the world's classical music centre next week to kick-start a cultural exchange with their world-renowned counterpart.
- http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2016/01/27/b07-0127.pdf 日前，城市當代舞蹈團CCDC 舞蹈中心高級經理（中國舞蹈發展計劃）張月娥特在香港藝術行政人員協會推出的 「藝術行政管理系列講座」上，分享了CCDC在北京及廣州的奮鬥過程，希望能為業 界帶來新啟發。
Para site http://www.para-site.org.hk/
- organised 2015 international conference at sunbeam theatre with support from swedish consulate
Asian art hong kong
- http://www.asianarthk.com/, supporters include asia society, hku and cuhk museums
Web
- http://www.artsindustry.co.uk/home
- http://wikitopia.hk/
Media
- uk
領袖培訓課程
- http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2015/06/24/b08-0624.pdf早前，藝發局與英國著名音樂教育、表演及會議中心Sage Gateshead、日本東京森美術館(Mori Art Museum)、英國Clore領袖培訓計劃及奧地利ImPulsTanz - Vienna International Dance Festival合作，分別推出「Sage Gateshead實習計劃2015」、「Mori Art Museum實習計劃2015」、「Clore領袖培訓計劃－香港獎學金2015/16」及「ImPulsTanz -Vienna International Dance Festival實習計劃2015」，共支持六名本地藝術行政人員前赴海外進修。六位獲選藝術行政人員分別為香港藝術中心助理節目經理吳少慧、表演藝術項目統籌及編舞何凱瑩、世彩有限公司創意總監及策展人李家焯、香港浸會大學視覺藝術院「啟德」視覺藝術研究與發展中心主任譚學能、舞蹈項目統籌及監製何嘉露、城市當代舞蹈團節目統籌劉寶軒。吳少慧、何凱瑩已分別於今年3月及5月前往英國蓋茲賀(Gateshead)參與為期約12個星期的實習計劃。李家焯亦於3月底前往東京進行為期約24星期的實習計劃，協助東京森美術館有關策展研究及籌備館內大型項目工作。而何嘉露與劉寶軒，則將於今年6月至8月赴奧地利ImPulsTanz -Vienna International Dance Festival進行為期12個星期有關統籌舞蹈節及其教育、創意工作坊的實習。譚學能也將在9月及2016年6月前往英國參與專為個人發展需要度身設計的領袖培訓課程、工作坊，以及於當地的文化藝術機構進行約4至8個星期的實習，與其他國際文化領袖交流。上述計劃均由民政事務局撥款支持，旨在加強本地藝術行政人員的培訓，培育更多文化領袖人才
Music master class
- 「郎朗與百名琴童慈善大師班」由杜葉錫恩教育基金及青新時代主辦，為「欣賞香港」系列活動之一，獲保利置業（香港）有限公司全力支持。康樂及文化事務署署長李美嫦表示，天才的鑄造是靠1%的天分加上99%的汗水，希望藉此機會讓同學們互相學習，相互增值，綻放異彩。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2016/01/26/a12-0126.pdf
Museum collection --> donation/purchase by government funds?
- The Menil Collection, located in Neartown Houston, Texas, refers either to a museum that houses the private art collection of founders John de Menil and Dominique de Menil, or to the collection itself of approximately 17,000 paintings, sculptures, prints, drawings, photographs and rare books.While the bulk of the collection is made up of a once-private collection, Menil Foundation, Inc. is a tax-exempt, nonprofit, public charity corporation formed under Section 501(c)3 of the Internal Revenue Code. Additionally the Menil receives public funds granted by the City of Houston, the State of Texas, and the federal government through the National Endowment for the Arts.
- 李秀恒 article in oriental daily
online museums
- https://www.sothebys.com/en/articles/explore-museums-around-the-world-from-the-comfort-of-your-own-home
- https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2020/03/18/take-a-hermitage-tour-a69670
Artists residence
- http://www.resartis.org/en/residencies/list_of_residencies/?id_content=4972
audience building
- singtao report on schools' activities related to arts promotion 3nov14 a6
- australia and taiwan experience in audience building singtao 5nov14 a10
Painting
- A mural is any piece of artwork painted or applied directly on a wall, ceiling or other large permanent surface. A distinguishing characteristic of mural painting is that the architectural elements of the given space are harmoniously incorporated into the picture. Some wall paintings are painted on large canvases, which are then attached to the wall (e.g., withmarouflage). Whether these works can be accurately called "murals" is a subject of some controversy in the art world[who?], but the technique has been in common use since the late 19th century.
- The name Nazarene was adopted by a group of early 19th century German Romantic painters who aimed to revive honesty and spirituality in Christian art. The name Nazarene came from a term of derision used against them for their affectation of a biblical manner of clothing and hair style. In 1809, six students at the Vienna Academy formed an artistic cooperative in Vienna called the Brotherhood of St. Luke or Lukasbund, following a common name for medieval guilds of painters. In 1810 four of them, Johann Friedrich Overbeck, Franz Pforr, Ludwig Vogel and Johann Konrad Hottinger moved to Rome, where they occupied the abandoned monastery of San Isidoro. They were joined by Philipp Veit, Peter von Cornelius, Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld, Friedrich Wilhelm Schadow and a loose grouping of other German artists. They met up with Austrian romantic landscape artist Joseph Anton Koch (1768–1839) who became an unofficial tutor to the group. In 1827 they were joined by Joseph von Führich (1800–1876) (illustration above right). The principal motivation of the Nazarenes was a reaction against Neoclassicism and the routine art education of the academy system. They hoped to return to art which embodied spiritual values, and sought inspiration in artists of the late Middle Ages and early Renaissance, rejecting what they saw as the superficial virtuosity of later art.
- evaluation of tone
Craft
- Brocade is a class of richly decorative shuttle-woven fabrics, often made in colored silks and with or without gold and silver threads. The name, related to the same root as the word "broccoli", comes from Italian broccato meaning "embossed cloth", originally past participle of the verb broccare "to stud, set with nails", from brocco, "small nail", from Latin broccus, "projecting, pointed". Brocade is typically woven on a draw loom. It is a supplementary weft technique; that is, the ornamental brocading is produced by a supplementary, non-structural, weft in addition to the standard weft that holds the warp threads together. The purpose of this is to give the appearance that the weave was actually embroidered on. In Guatemala, brocade is the most popular technique used to decorate fabric woven by Maya weavers on backstrap looms. Ornamental features in brocade are emphasized and wrought as additions to the main fabric, sometimes stiffening it, though more frequently producing on its face the effect of low relief. In some, but not all, brocades, these additions present a distinctive appearance on the back of the material where the supplementary weft or floating threads of the brocaded or broached parts hang in loose groups or are clipped away. When the weft is floating on the back, this is known as a continuous brocade; the supplementary weft runs from selvage to selvage. The yarns are cut away in cutwork and broché. Also, a discontinuous brocade is where the supplementary yarn is only woven in the patterned areas.
- portuguese
discipline of art history
- in 1844, university of berlin created the first chair of art history
- in 1901, josef strzygowski published orient oder rom, arguing that early christian art did not have its main roots in greece and rome, but in syria, egypt and anatolia. Oriental influences, especially from a hellenic, coptic and early byzantine origin, were much more important for development of medieval art in europe
Community project
- community museum project http://www.hkcmp.org/cmp/001.html
Event
- The Salon (French: Salon), or rarely Paris Salon (French: Salon de Paris), beginning in 1667[1] was the official art exhibitionof the Académie des Beaux-Arts in Paris. Between 1748 and 1890 it was arguably the greatest annual or biennial art event in the Western world. At the 1761 Salon, thirty-three painters, nine sculptors, and eleven engravers contributed. From 1881 onward, it has been managed by the Société des Artistes Français. In 1667, the royally sanctioned French institution of art patronage, the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture (a division of the Académie des beaux-arts), held its first semi-public art exhibit at the Salon Carré. The Salon's original focus was the display of the work of recent graduates of the École des Beaux-Arts, which was created by Cardinal Mazarin, chief minister of France, in 1648. Exhibition at the Salon de Paris was essential for any artist to achieve success in France for at least the next 200 years. Exhibition in the Salon marked a sign of royal favor. In 1725, the Salon was held in the Palace of the Louvre, when it became known as Salon or Salon de Paris. In 1737, the exhibitions, held from 18 August 1737 to 5 September 1737 at the Grand Salon of the Louvre,[3] became public. They were held, at first, annually, and then biennially, in odd-numbered years. They would start on the feast day of St. Louis (25 August) and run for some weeks. Once made regular and public, the Salon's status was "never seriously in doubt" (Crow, 1987). In 1748 a jury of awarded artists was introduced. From this time forward, the influence of the Salon was undisputed.
- la foire internationale d'art contemporain, paris
- The Carnegie International is the oldest North American exhibition of contemporary art from around the globe. It was first organized at the behest of industrialist and philanthropist Andrew Carnegie on November 5, 1896 in Pittsburgh. Carnegie established the International to educate and inspire the public as well as to promote international cooperation and understanding. He intended the International to provide a periodic sample of contemporary art from which Pittsburgh's Carnegie Museum of Art could enrich its permanent collection. The work of thousands of artists has been exhibited in the Carnegie International, including that of Winslow Homer, Salvador Dali, James Abbott McNeill Whistler, Mary Cassatt, Camille Pissarro, Auguste Rodin, Willem de Kooning, Henry Moore, Jackson Pollock, René Magritte, Joan Miró, Alberto Giacometti, Andy Warhol, Joseph Beuys, Sigmar Polke, and William Kentridge.Established in 1896 as the Annual Exhibition, the Carnegie International was held every fall with few exceptions until the second half of the twentieth century and focused almost solely on painting. By 1955, the show had adopted a triennial schedule and, in 1958, became known as the Pittsburgh International Exhibition of Contemporary Paintings and Sculpture, a title which remained until the 1970 edition. After an interruption due to soaring costs and the construction of the Institute’s new wing, the Sarah Scaife Gallery, the exhibition resumed in 1977 and 1979 as the International Series, single-artist shows intended as a parallel to the Nobel Prize for the arts. In 1982, it reappeared under its original triennial survey format as the Carnegie International, and has been mounted every three to five years since. After the Venice Biennale, the Carnegie International is the oldest international survey exhibition in the world.
- The European Fine Art Fair (abbreviated: TEFAF) is an annual art, antiques and design fair, organized by The European Fine Art Foundation in the MECC in Maastricht, Netherlands. It was first held in 1988.
- brafa, brussels
- Unlimited Festival, South Bank Centre
Culture bureau
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20151019/00176_152.html 本港藝術發展路難行，有藝術工作者稱，本港屬商業社會，藝術文化不易全面普及，政府對本地藝術發展的支援不足，亦限制了本地的藝術工作者。學者促政府成立文化局，為本港藝術發展帶來新思維。對於本港現時的藝術發展，手作眼鏡設計師Emily坦言仍處於起步階段。她有感政府過度重視國際藝術創作，對本土或自家創產品支援不足，令她需透過非牟利機構的資助，才能繼續創作。皮革設計師Joe亦指，當局提倡的藝術發展，只是紙上談兵，例如資助往往申請步驟繁複，「一日廿四個鐘，用一半時間去處理申請資助嘅文件、寫建議書，再等審批，又唔知最終係咪批畀你，自己搵地方仲好啦。」香港浸會大學視覺藝術院副教授麥海珊稱，「藝術」涵蓋的範疇很廣，藝術發展局目前的角色只是為政府資助「分餅仔」。她認為，政府應成立文化局，「咁可以方便處理跨部門嘅問題，例如放寬工廈用途就已經涉及唔同部門」，長遠亦可為本港制訂整體的文化政策。
- http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20160114/PDF/a11_screen.pdf當日與成 立創新及科技局同時提出的文化局，前者已 「係威係 勢」，後者卻 「蹤影全無」。 對此，梁振英在回答提問時不諱言，成立文化局 之事，已不在他本屆任期施政的考慮之列。 梁振英帶點無奈地說： 「成立文化局，我都好想 ；但一諗到立法會、諗到那個漫長的過程，我就只能 放棄了。眼前，光是工務工程，就有七十多個項目還 在排隊等候審議。」
- http://www.hkcd.com.hk/pdf/201612/1215/HZ13C15CLAA.pdf 香港文化產業聯會white paper proposing culture bureau and a culture and innovation sector fund
Google Cultural Institute http://www.google.com/culturalinstitute/home?view=grid&hl=en
Asia Art Archive http://www.aaa.org.hk/
HKCO
- singtao 25feb15 a9 article on three generations
- http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/education-community/article/1851991/hong-kong-chinese-orchestra-sets-out-first-baltic (mentioned no private tours!)
- http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20150928/PDF/a22_screen.pdf 香港中樂團第三十九樂季九月中響鑼，聯同台灣國樂團及多個合唱團，以近四百人的龐大陣容，氣勢磅?地世界首演了陳能濟作曲，陳鈞潤作詞的《和平禮讚》，還有《黃河大合唱》及《和平頌》。 但在這項大型的樂季開幕演出前，全團八十六位樂師已先行完成了挑戰更大，為期一週（八月二十五日至三十一日）的芬蘭與愛沙尼亞巡演。剛巡演回港，HKCO 4U小組又隨即與SIU 2應邀到西安作陝港音樂交流，在第二屆絲綢之路國際藝術節舉行“撞樂長安”音樂會，又跟陝西廣播民族樂團交流，更探訪了敬老院及小學，履行“愛心大使”之職。 香港中樂團今次巡演最大的特點是較過往外訪具有更鮮明的香港元素。除了《精．氣．神》和《流聲殘韻》兩首香港作曲家作品，加奏的是顧嘉煇膾炙人口的《射鵰英雄傳》，同時，擔任獨奏的羅晶和趙太生，都是樂團的團員；甚至另一首加奏曲《新賽馬》，亦是樂團胡琴演奏家魏冠華全新編曲的版本，更突顯樂團自身團員的實力。首站在赫爾辛基，樂團抵?後翌晨舉行的三場教育音樂會，駐團指揮周熙傑指揮演奏的亦是本港作曲家林樂培的《昆蟲世界》。香港駐倫敦經濟貿易辦事處副處長蔡君強和中華人民共和國駐愛沙尼亞的曲?大使，都特別到場支持；而赫爾辛基藝術節的藝術總監Erik、愛沙利亞音樂廳總監Juri Leiten，派爾努音樂廳總監Marika Park，都是經常出席國際音樂活動的專家，各人聽完樂團的演出，都大感興奮，並對樂團的演奏表現，特別是環保胡琴的優美音響聲效大加讚賞。筆者三場臨場所見，各地的觀眾確是被他們應該感到陌生的音樂打動了。 樂團外遊要維持能感動觀眾的高水平音樂，比在香港熟悉場館演出要付出更大心力，這不僅在於行政團隊的高效率和專業性配合，更重要的是在舞台上的樂手的精神面貌。音樂藝術的詮釋過程是一種高度精神狀態下的心靈活動，一個樂團（無論是中西樂團），八、九十人要能做到身心靈一致，音樂才能精準，才能傳神、傳情、傳力，才能將觀眾感染、感動，要能發揮這種效果，除了指揮的“功力”很重要外，樂團日常持之以恆的管理，是否上軌道，是否夠專業，同樣重要，成功可説絕無倖致。 香港中樂團二○○一年從官家藝團的架構改為公司化後，筆者親歷了樂團公司化前後，特別是“過渡期”樂團在舞台上樂手精神面貌的改變。過往筆下曾指出樂團演奏《黃河》（鋼琴版及大合唱版），大部分樂手仍是木無表情的問題。公司化後至今十多年，亦是樂團成員進入“新陳代謝”的階段，早年入團的樂手陸續退休，由新一代樂手接上；加上公司化後，樂團從行政管理人員與樂師，再無一人是“鐵飯碗”的公務員，於是越來越多人明白“同坐一條船”、“樂團好，大家好”的道理。舞台上樂師的精神面貌亦持續改變，樂團的精神面貌更加快正面化。
- oct2013 scmp rgc supp 17dec13
- tour in china
- http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20160111/PDF/b3_screen.pdf 香港中樂團去年在大連（十二月十五日至十七日三 場）、武漢（十九日）及上海（二十一日）的五場 「億 達之聲」新年音樂會，意想不到地樂團出現 「新」的突 破。就演出場地來說，對筆者而言，自上海大劇院一九 九八年落成第一年開始，便欣賞過歌劇和音樂會不下十 多次，二○一○年才啟用的武漢琴台音樂廳，亦已聽過 兩場音樂會， 「新」的場地便只有第一站，於二○一三 年才啟用的大連國際會議中心大劇院。
Hong Kong Children's Symphony Orchestra
- http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1846316/hong-kong-childrens-symphony-orchestra-set-historic-vienna-debut The city's young musical ambassadors will make a historic debut at the world's classical music centre next week to kick-start a cultural exchange with their world-renowned counterpart.
The 62-member Hong Kong Children's Symphony Orchestra will perform next week with the renowned Vienna Boys' Choir in the Austrian capital. The four concerts in Vienna and Bratislava, the capital of Slovakia, will constitute the second leg of an extensive tour by the youth ensemble after their acclaimed performances in Los Angeles and Taiwan last month. "This is the first time our young musicians have been invited to take part in an official capacity representing Hong Kong in a cultural exchange programme with Austria," said Yip Wai-hong, 84, who founded the orchestra in 1996, before he and the group departed on Sunday.
ccdc- http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2016/01/27/b07-0127.pdf 日前，城市當代舞蹈團CCDC 舞蹈中心高級經理（中國舞蹈發展計劃）張月娥特在香港藝術行政人員協會推出的 「藝術行政管理系列講座」上，分享了CCDC在北京及廣州的奮鬥過程，希望能為業 界帶來新啟發。
Para site http://www.para-site.org.hk/
- organised 2015 international conference at sunbeam theatre with support from swedish consulate
Asian art hong kong
- http://www.asianarthk.com/, supporters include asia society, hku and cuhk museums
Web
- http://www.artsindustry.co.uk/home
- http://wikitopia.hk/
Media
- uk
- http://www.internationalartsmanager.com/, based in Manchester, covered HKCO's tour to Russia
- The Burlington Magazine is a monthly academic journal that covers the fine and decorative arts. Established in 1903, it is the longest running art journal in the English language.[1] It has been published by a charitable organisation since 1986.The magazine was established in 1903 by a group of art historians and connoisseurs which included Roger Fry, Herbert Horne, Bernard Berenson, and Charles Holmes. Its most esteemed editors have been Fry (1909–19), Herbert Read (1933–39), and Benedict Nicolson (1948–78). The journal's structure was loosely based on its contemporary British publication The Connoisseur, which was mainly aimed at collectors and had firm connections with the art trade. The Burlington Magazine, however, added to this late Victorian tradition of market-based criticism new elements of historical research inspired by the leading academic German periodicals and thus created a formula that has remained almost intact to date: a combination of archival and formalist object-based art historical research juxtaposed to articles on collectors’ items and private collections, enlivened with notes on current art news, exhibitions and sales.[3] The lavishness of this publication almost immediately created financial troubles and in January 1905[4] Fry embarked on an American tour to find sponsorship to assure the survival of the journal,[5] which he had quickly recognized as a magazine for the developing study of art history.
- www.theartnewspaper.com (publishes HK daily edition)
- Art Media Agency * http://en.artmediaagency.com/ama/ an international news agency focused on the art market
- art plus - first issue published in november 2011
領袖培訓課程
- http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2015/06/24/b08-0624.pdf早前，藝發局與英國著名音樂教育、表演及會議中心Sage Gateshead、日本東京森美術館(Mori Art Museum)、英國Clore領袖培訓計劃及奧地利ImPulsTanz - Vienna International Dance Festival合作，分別推出「Sage Gateshead實習計劃2015」、「Mori Art Museum實習計劃2015」、「Clore領袖培訓計劃－香港獎學金2015/16」及「ImPulsTanz -Vienna International Dance Festival實習計劃2015」，共支持六名本地藝術行政人員前赴海外進修。六位獲選藝術行政人員分別為香港藝術中心助理節目經理吳少慧、表演藝術項目統籌及編舞何凱瑩、世彩有限公司創意總監及策展人李家焯、香港浸會大學視覺藝術院「啟德」視覺藝術研究與發展中心主任譚學能、舞蹈項目統籌及監製何嘉露、城市當代舞蹈團節目統籌劉寶軒。吳少慧、何凱瑩已分別於今年3月及5月前往英國蓋茲賀(Gateshead)參與為期約12個星期的實習計劃。李家焯亦於3月底前往東京進行為期約24星期的實習計劃，協助東京森美術館有關策展研究及籌備館內大型項目工作。而何嘉露與劉寶軒，則將於今年6月至8月赴奧地利ImPulsTanz -Vienna International Dance Festival進行為期12個星期有關統籌舞蹈節及其教育、創意工作坊的實習。譚學能也將在9月及2016年6月前往英國參與專為個人發展需要度身設計的領袖培訓課程、工作坊，以及於當地的文化藝術機構進行約4至8個星期的實習，與其他國際文化領袖交流。上述計劃均由民政事務局撥款支持，旨在加強本地藝術行政人員的培訓，培育更多文化領袖人才
Music master class
- 「郎朗與百名琴童慈善大師班」由杜葉錫恩教育基金及青新時代主辦，為「欣賞香港」系列活動之一，獲保利置業（香港）有限公司全力支持。康樂及文化事務署署長李美嫦表示，天才的鑄造是靠1%的天分加上99%的汗水，希望藉此機會讓同學們互相學習，相互增值，綻放異彩。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2016/01/26/a12-0126.pdf
Museum collection --> donation/purchase by government funds?
- The Menil Collection, located in Neartown Houston, Texas, refers either to a museum that houses the private art collection of founders John de Menil and Dominique de Menil, or to the collection itself of approximately 17,000 paintings, sculptures, prints, drawings, photographs and rare books.While the bulk of the collection is made up of a once-private collection, Menil Foundation, Inc. is a tax-exempt, nonprofit, public charity corporation formed under Section 501(c)3 of the Internal Revenue Code. Additionally the Menil receives public funds granted by the City of Houston, the State of Texas, and the federal government through the National Endowment for the Arts.
- 李秀恒 article in oriental daily
- http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20151216/PDF/b17_screen.pdf 作為藏家，李秀恒明白自己只不過是藏品暫 時的 「保管者」，他真正的心願是找機會將這些 藏品展示給公眾看，而不是將文物鎖在倉庫。所 以，只要有博物館向他借藏品作展覽，他都會樂 意。另外，李氏藉着集團旗下油塘、葵涌項目， 計劃將藝術品融入物業之中。藝術品的新家將會 在油塘茶果嶺道（榮山工業大廈）新建的約五十 五萬平方呎的五星級酒店，屆時將會以 「酒店內 的博物館」形式示人，隨後再一步步擴大展示空 間。 李秀恒認為，香港的博物館在展品展示方面 仍算薄弱，他認為開博物館不會賺錢，也不能以 賺錢為目的。然而，在香港開辦博物館又十分重 要，一方面可弘揚中國文化，另一方面博物館有 助將藏品 「集中化展示」，李秀恒表示： 「博物 館 不 能 只 有 硬 件 （ 場 館 ） ， 沒 有 軟 件 （ 珍 品）。」也許是出於這個原因，李氏近年來將其 集團的葵涌葵昌路100號工廈，重建成三十萬平方 呎的高級寫字樓，命名為 「KC 100」，並特地把 地下的數千平方呎大堂闢作展覽廳，免費提供給 藝創團體舉辦各種藝術品展覽。 李秀恒表示，他此舉是支持及推廣香港的文 化藝術，不單免費提供場地，還每年撥出一百五 十萬元作為基金，支持藝創團體在該處一展身 手。無論是酒店博物館或商廈展場，既令李氏典 藏有了展示地，又為年輕一代接觸藝術創造條 件。
online museums
- https://www.sothebys.com/en/articles/explore-museums-around-the-world-from-the-comfort-of-your-own-home
- https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2020/03/18/take-a-hermitage-tour-a69670
Artists residence
- http://www.resartis.org/en/residencies/list_of_residencies/?id_content=4972
audience building
- singtao report on schools' activities related to arts promotion 3nov14 a6
- australia and taiwan experience in audience building singtao 5nov14 a10
Painting
- A mural is any piece of artwork painted or applied directly on a wall, ceiling or other large permanent surface. A distinguishing characteristic of mural painting is that the architectural elements of the given space are harmoniously incorporated into the picture. Some wall paintings are painted on large canvases, which are then attached to the wall (e.g., withmarouflage). Whether these works can be accurately called "murals" is a subject of some controversy in the art world[who?], but the technique has been in common use since the late 19th century.
- The name Nazarene was adopted by a group of early 19th century German Romantic painters who aimed to revive honesty and spirituality in Christian art. The name Nazarene came from a term of derision used against them for their affectation of a biblical manner of clothing and hair style. In 1809, six students at the Vienna Academy formed an artistic cooperative in Vienna called the Brotherhood of St. Luke or Lukasbund, following a common name for medieval guilds of painters. In 1810 four of them, Johann Friedrich Overbeck, Franz Pforr, Ludwig Vogel and Johann Konrad Hottinger moved to Rome, where they occupied the abandoned monastery of San Isidoro. They were joined by Philipp Veit, Peter von Cornelius, Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld, Friedrich Wilhelm Schadow and a loose grouping of other German artists. They met up with Austrian romantic landscape artist Joseph Anton Koch (1768–1839) who became an unofficial tutor to the group. In 1827 they were joined by Joseph von Führich (1800–1876) (illustration above right). The principal motivation of the Nazarenes was a reaction against Neoclassicism and the routine art education of the academy system. They hoped to return to art which embodied spiritual values, and sought inspiration in artists of the late Middle Ages and early Renaissance, rejecting what they saw as the superficial virtuosity of later art.
- Sir John Tenniel, illustrator of alice in wonderland, was reported to be influenced by this style
- evaluation of tone
- view subject thru a piece of red (works for most outdoor situations which are saturated with green, blue and grey) or green (subject with bright reds and oranges) plastic mounted in a simple homemade cardboard viewer or plastic photographic slide holder
Craft
- ancient tech
- https://www.quora.com/What-is-an-ancient-technology-that-we-still-can-t-replicate-today dichroic cup that changes colour depending on which side you shine the light through. It ranges from translucent red to opaque green. The cup’s glass contains tiny proportions of nano particles of gold and silver. The glass contains tiny amounts of colloidal gold and silver, which give it these unusual optical properties.
- Brocade is a class of richly decorative shuttle-woven fabrics, often made in colored silks and with or without gold and silver threads. The name, related to the same root as the word "broccoli", comes from Italian broccato meaning "embossed cloth", originally past participle of the verb broccare "to stud, set with nails", from brocco, "small nail", from Latin broccus, "projecting, pointed". Brocade is typically woven on a draw loom. It is a supplementary weft technique; that is, the ornamental brocading is produced by a supplementary, non-structural, weft in addition to the standard weft that holds the warp threads together. The purpose of this is to give the appearance that the weave was actually embroidered on. In Guatemala, brocade is the most popular technique used to decorate fabric woven by Maya weavers on backstrap looms. Ornamental features in brocade are emphasized and wrought as additions to the main fabric, sometimes stiffening it, though more frequently producing on its face the effect of low relief. In some, but not all, brocades, these additions present a distinctive appearance on the back of the material where the supplementary weft or floating threads of the brocaded or broached parts hang in loose groups or are clipped away. When the weft is floating on the back, this is known as a continuous brocade; the supplementary weft runs from selvage to selvage. The yarns are cut away in cutwork and broché. Also, a discontinuous brocade is where the supplementary yarn is only woven in the patterned areas.
- http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/culture/2011-02/09/content_11969379.htm "In the late Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), Chengdu had more than 2,000 private workshops and more than 10,000 looms producing brocade. But today, the number of master weavers can be counted on two hands," the Shujiang Brocade Academy in the city's western suburbs - opened in 2003, the one-story building also serves as a makeshift museum where visitors can get a basic idea of Shu brocade history and buy silks.Shu is the oldest school of brocade making, from which the others developed. These include the Song brocade of Suzhou in Jiangsu province, the Yun brocade of Nanjing in Jiangsu province and Zhuang brocade from Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region.The history of sericulture, or silk farming, in China, can be traced back to Sichuan more than 4,000 years ago. Known as Shu in ancient times, Sichuan is one of the cradles of China's silk industry.In the Warring States Period (403-221 BC), Shu brocade became a major export and Chengdu's silk products were exported across Asia.Today, Chengdu is still called "Brocade City" and the moat where finished brocade used to be soaked to set their colors is still known as Brocade River.
- portuguese
- http://www.josebaptista.com/index.php/en/collection/silver/salva-homens-silvestres An important indo-portuguese silver salver, do século XVI, known as the "wild men salver".
- salver with african imagery (portugal 16th c)
discipline of art history
- in 1844, university of berlin created the first chair of art history
- in 1901, josef strzygowski published orient oder rom, arguing that early christian art did not have its main roots in greece and rome, but in syria, egypt and anatolia. Oriental influences, especially from a hellenic, coptic and early byzantine origin, were much more important for development of medieval art in europe
Community project
- community museum project http://www.hkcmp.org/cmp/001.html
Event
- The Salon (French: Salon), or rarely Paris Salon (French: Salon de Paris), beginning in 1667[1] was the official art exhibitionof the Académie des Beaux-Arts in Paris. Between 1748 and 1890 it was arguably the greatest annual or biennial art event in the Western world. At the 1761 Salon, thirty-three painters, nine sculptors, and eleven engravers contributed. From 1881 onward, it has been managed by the Société des Artistes Français. In 1667, the royally sanctioned French institution of art patronage, the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture (a division of the Académie des beaux-arts), held its first semi-public art exhibit at the Salon Carré. The Salon's original focus was the display of the work of recent graduates of the École des Beaux-Arts, which was created by Cardinal Mazarin, chief minister of France, in 1648. Exhibition at the Salon de Paris was essential for any artist to achieve success in France for at least the next 200 years. Exhibition in the Salon marked a sign of royal favor. In 1725, the Salon was held in the Palace of the Louvre, when it became known as Salon or Salon de Paris. In 1737, the exhibitions, held from 18 August 1737 to 5 September 1737 at the Grand Salon of the Louvre,[3] became public. They were held, at first, annually, and then biennially, in odd-numbered years. They would start on the feast day of St. Louis (25 August) and run for some weeks. Once made regular and public, the Salon's status was "never seriously in doubt" (Crow, 1987). In 1748 a jury of awarded artists was introduced. From this time forward, the influence of the Salon was undisputed.
- la foire internationale d'art contemporain, paris
- The Carnegie International is the oldest North American exhibition of contemporary art from around the globe. It was first organized at the behest of industrialist and philanthropist Andrew Carnegie on November 5, 1896 in Pittsburgh. Carnegie established the International to educate and inspire the public as well as to promote international cooperation and understanding. He intended the International to provide a periodic sample of contemporary art from which Pittsburgh's Carnegie Museum of Art could enrich its permanent collection. The work of thousands of artists has been exhibited in the Carnegie International, including that of Winslow Homer, Salvador Dali, James Abbott McNeill Whistler, Mary Cassatt, Camille Pissarro, Auguste Rodin, Willem de Kooning, Henry Moore, Jackson Pollock, René Magritte, Joan Miró, Alberto Giacometti, Andy Warhol, Joseph Beuys, Sigmar Polke, and William Kentridge.Established in 1896 as the Annual Exhibition, the Carnegie International was held every fall with few exceptions until the second half of the twentieth century and focused almost solely on painting. By 1955, the show had adopted a triennial schedule and, in 1958, became known as the Pittsburgh International Exhibition of Contemporary Paintings and Sculpture, a title which remained until the 1970 edition. After an interruption due to soaring costs and the construction of the Institute’s new wing, the Sarah Scaife Gallery, the exhibition resumed in 1977 and 1979 as the International Series, single-artist shows intended as a parallel to the Nobel Prize for the arts. In 1982, it reappeared under its original triennial survey format as the Carnegie International, and has been mounted every three to five years since. After the Venice Biennale, the Carnegie International is the oldest international survey exhibition in the world.
- The European Fine Art Fair (abbreviated: TEFAF) is an annual art, antiques and design fair, organized by The European Fine Art Foundation in the MECC in Maastricht, Netherlands. It was first held in 1988.
- brafa, brussels
- abudhabiartfair.ae
- thearmoryshow.com in New York
- Art Basel HK
- art gallery week in HK wenwei 5nov14 a30- thearmoryshow.com in New York
- Art Basel HK
- art basel global patrons council http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/supplement/special/art/20140511/18714769
- Unlimited Festival, South Bank Centre
- British council invited three delegates (source: facebook): (1) Ida Lam, President of the 香港展能藝術會 Arts with the Disabled Association Hong Kong, which is dedicated to bring opportunities for disabled artists in Hong Kong. Ida is also a member of Committee on Performing Arts, Home Affairs Bureau and a member of Consultation Panel of West Kowloon Cultural District Authority. (2) Grace Cheng, Director of Art in Hospital 藝術在醫院, which aims to serve the needed through therapeutic art creation, and promote through art a caring community and development of hospital art in Hong Kong. Grace is also the Director of the Community Art Network. (3) Kerry Liu, programming arts manager of Hong Kong Youth Arts Foundation that provides quality art experiences for young people. Kerry is personally very passionate about arts too!
- 2015 http://english.ccpitbj.org/web/static/articles/catalog_2c94bbf02fd8b281012fd8de64300003/article_ff8080814c97d292014f438e57b83fe6/ff8080814c97d292014f438e57b83fe6.html
- La Biennale Paris, anciennement Biennale des antiquaires est, malgré son nom, un salon annuel d'art et d'antiquités ayant lieu à Parisau Grand Palais. Elle fut créée en 1962 à l'initiative du Syndicat national des antiquaires.
resources
- artsandculture.google.com
resources
- artsandculture.google.com
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