- The Ministry of Planning and Investment (MPI, Vietnamese: Bộ Kế hoạch và Đầu tư), formerly the State Planning Commission, is a governmental ministrycharged with the role of state management over planning and investment. The ministry's headquarters is located in Hanoi. The agency provides, among others, strategic advice for country-level socio-economic development. It also programs and plans economic management mechanisms and policies for the national economy, for specific sectors as well as for domestic and foreign investments. Foreign investment in Vietnam is governed under the Law on Foreign Investment and its related regulations, decrees and circulars. The four main types of foreign investments in Vietnam are:
- Joint Ventures
- Business Cooperation (Contracts)
- 100-Percent Foreign-Owned Enterprises
- Build-Operate-Transfer enterprises
- The National Centre for Socio-Economic Information and Forecast is the Centre at the national level under the Ministry of Planning and Investment. The Centre has the functions to gather domestic and international socio-economic information, analyses and forecasts, provide information for serving the process of policy formulation and socio-economic state management, organize scientific researches in the areas of socio-economic information and forecast, and organize the provision of socio-economic information services delivered to enterprises and citizens.http://ncif.gov.vn/en/Pages/NewsDetail.aspx?newid=6820
- Vietnam Trade Promotion Agency www.vietrade.gov.vn- Trade and investment of Vietnam 2011-2012 http://www.vietrade.gov.vn/en/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1123:trade-and-investment-of-vietnam-2011-2012&catid=106:n-phm-ting-nc-ngoai&Itemid=124 , http://www.vietrade.gov.vn/images/stories/An_pham/Vietnam_Trade_and_Investment_2011.swf
- Hanoi Trade Corporation http://www.vietrade.gov.vn/, trading name Hapro
- investment and trade promotion centre of ho chi minh city www.itpc.gov.vn
- established under decision no 104/2001/QD-UB dated 1nov2001, a governmental organisation specialising in promoting trade and investment programmes for ho chi minh city
- affiliates
- vietnam exporters association of ho chi minh city (vexa)
- weekly newsletter "investment and trade promotion"
- ho chi minh city trade and investment promotion information portal
- export showroom
- government to business dialogue system of ho chi minh city
- Foreign Investment Agency http://fia.mpi.gov.vn/Default.aspx
- Vietnam has set up the Private Economic Development Research Board to make proposals on mechanism, policy and administrative procedure reforms relating to private economic development, the board's representatives said Tuesday.http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2017-10/31/c_136717327.htm
- The State Bank of Vietnam (Vietnamese: Ngân hàng Nhà nước Việt Nam) is the central bank of Vietnam. When Indochina was under French rule, the colonial government governed the Indochinese monetary system through Indochinese Bank, which also acted as a commercial bank in French Indochina. After the August Revolution in 1945, the government of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam gradually attempted to exercise a monetary system independent from France. On 6 May 1951, president Hồ Chí Minh signed decree 15/SL on establishment of National Bank of Vietnam (Ngân hàng Quốc gia Việt Nam). On 21 January 1960, the governor of the bank signed an ordinance on behalf of the prime minister to rename the bank State Bank of Vietnam (Ngân hàng Nhà nước Việt Nam).[citation needed] After the fall of Saigon, the two Vietnams were united but not until July 1976 did the two countries’ administrations and institutions unite. In July 1976, the National Bank of Vietnam (the central bank of Republic of Vietnam) was merged into the State Bank of Vietnam. In the Doi moi liberalisation era, the banking system of Vietnam was reformed. New banks were created, starting with the Industrial and Commercial Bank of Vietnam(VietinBank - now the largest listed bank) and the Vietnam Bank for Agriculture in 1988, and the role of the State Bank was gradually narrowed to that of a central bank. In 1990, an ordinance reorganised the state bank and redefined its function as: "on behalf of the State, of managing money, credit, and banking operations throughout the country in order to stabilize a value of money, and is the only agency with power to circulate the currency of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam" While the State Bank continued to lend to state-owned enterprises in the following years, it has now been largely superseded in the respect by other state-owned banks and by private banks.
- The Vietnam National Administration of Tourism is the government agency of Vietnam which manages tourist operations and activities throughout the country. It has full control in terms of business development, planning, public relations, personnel training, conducting research, and instructing and inspecting the implementation of policies and other regulations in the tourism sector.
北寧省Bắc Ninh is a province of Vietnam, located in the Red River Delta of the northern part of the country. It is the smallest province of Vietnam and is situated to the east of the nation's capital, Hanoi, and borders Bắc Giang Province, Hưng Yên Province, Hải Dương Province, Thái Nguyên Province and Hanoi. The province's name literally means "northern serenity". Bắc Ninh is hometown of not only Kinh Dương Vương – the very first king of ancient Việt ethic, but also of eight Kings of the Lý Dynasty. The quan họ style has its origins in what now constitutes the Bắc Ninh Province and was first recorded in the 13th century. It has traditionally been associated with the spring festivals that follow the celebration of Tết (the Vietnamese New Year). Quan họ is recognised as the Intangible Cultural Heritage by the UNESCO in 2009.The village of Đông Hồ in the province of Bắc Ninh is known as the center of production of traditional Vietnamese woodblock prints (Đông Hồ painting), which are sold throughout Vietnam in time for the Lunar New Year (Tết) celebrations.Hồ chicken (gà Hồ) is a breed originating in Bắc Ninh Province. Gà Hồ is a distinctly Vietnamese rare breed of chicken, familiar as a symbol in Vietnam. According to folklore, the chicken (particularly the roosters) have the five qualities of a man of honour: literacy, martial arts, physical strength, humanity and loyalty.
Cam Ranh Bay (Vietnamese: Vịnh Cam Ranh) is a deep-water bay in Vietnam in the province of Khánh Hòa Province. Cam Ranh is considered the finest deepwater shelter in Southeast Asia. The continental shelf of Southeast Asia is relatively narrow at Cam Ranh Bay, bringing deep water close to land. Since 2011-2014, Vietnamese authorities have hired Russian consultants and purchased Russian technologies to re-open Cam Ranh Bay (a former United States and later Soviet military base) as the site of a new naval maintenance and logistics facility for foreign warships. Historically, the bay has been significant from a military standpoint. The French used it as a naval base for their forces in Indochina. It was also used as a staging area for the 40-ship Imperial Russian fleetunder Admiral Zinovy Rozhestvensky prior to the Battle of Tsushima in 1905, and by the Japanese Imperial Navy in preparation for the invasion of Malaysia in 1942. In January 1945 U.S. Naval Task Force 38 destroyed most Japanese facilities in an action called Operation Gratitude, after which the bay was abandoned.
- Cam Ranh Bay became the center of coastal air patrol operations with the establishment in April 1967 of the U.S. Naval Air Facility, Cam Ranh Bay, and the basing there of P-2 Neptune and P-3 Orion patrol aircraft.
- In 1979, the Soviet government signed an agreement with Vietnam for a 25-year lease of the base. Cam Ranh Bay was the largest Soviet naval base outside the Soviet Union, allowing it to project increased power in the East Sea.[citation needed] by 1987, they had expanded the base to four times its original size and often made mock attacks in the direction of the Philippines, according to intelligence of the United States Pacific Fleet[citation needed]. Analysts suggested that the Vietnamese side also saw the Soviet presence there as a counterweight against any potential Chinese threat. The Soviet Union and Vietnam officially denied any presence there. However, as early as 1988, then-Soviet foreign minister Eduard Shevardnadze had discussed the possibility of a withdrawal from Cam Ranh Bay, and concrete naval reductions were realised by 1990. The Russian government continued the earlier 25-year arrangement in a 1993 agreement that allowed for the continued use of the base for signal intelligence, primarily on Chinese communications in the South China Sea. By this time, most personnel and naval vessels had been withdrawn, with only technical support for the listening station remaining. As the original 25-year lease was nearing its end, Vietnam demanded $200 million in annual rent for the continued operation of the base. Russia balked at this, and decided to withdraw all personnel. On May 2, 2002, the Russian flag was lowered for the last time. Vietnamese officials have considered turning the base into a civilian facility, similar to what the Philippines government did with the U.S. Subic Naval Base. On October 7, 2016 Russia indicated it was reconsidering its departure from naval facilities in Vietnam.
Đà Lạt (Vietnamese pronunciation: [ɗâː làːt] ), or Dalat (pop. 206,105 as of 2009, of which 185,509 are urban inhabitants), is the capital of Lâm Đồng Province in Vietnam.Da Lat's specific sights are pine wood (forming the name: "City of thousands of pine trees") with twisting roads and tree marigold (Vietnamese: dã quỳ) blossom in the winter. The city’s temperate weather stands in contrast to Vietnam's otherwise tropical climate. Mist covering the valleys almost year-round leads to its name "City of Eternal Spring".According to some sources, the name derives from the acronym of the Latin phrase 'Dat Aliis Laetitiam Aliis Temperiem' ("It Gives Pleasure to Some, Freshness to Others"), which the French colonial government used in their official emblem of Đà Lạt. In reality, the name Da Lat derived from the language of the local ethnic group Lạt and its original meaning is "Stream of the Lạt", and the acronym above is in fact a backcronym.
- During the 1890s, explorers in the area (including the noted bacteriologist Alexandre Yersin, protégé of the renowned French chemist Louis Pasteur), which was then part of the French colony of Cochinchina, asked the French governor-general, Paul Doumer, to create a resort center in the highlands. The governor agreed. The original intended site for the hill station was Dankia, but Étienne Tardif, a member of the road-building expedition of 1898-99, proposed the current site instead. In 1907, the first hotel was built. Urban planning was carried out by Ernest Hébrard.he French endowed the city with villas and boulevards, and its Swiss charms remain today. Hébrard included the requisite health complex, golf course, parks, schools, and homes but no industry. The legacy of boarding schools where children from the whole of Indochina were taught by French priests, nuns, and expatriates still existed as late as 1969. In 1929, the Christian and Missionary Alliance established a school (Dalat International School) for Canadian and American children of missionaries serving in south-east Asia. In 1965, the school moved to Bangkok, Thailand; then in 1966 to the Cameron Highlands in Malaysia and then, in June 1971, moved to its present location in Georgetown, Malaysia. There were seminaries of Jesuits (such as Pius X Pontifical College) and other orders. The elite Vietnamese National Military Academy graduated its first class of future leaders in 1950. There was an aviation school at Cam Ly Airport. During World War II, Đà Lạt was the capital of the Federation of Indochina, from 1939 to 1945. In the mid-1950s, the Vietnamese Scout Association established their national training grounds at Đà Lạt. The only major involvement Da Lat had during the Vietnam War was within the 1968 Tet Offensive. Fierce battles raged from January 31 to February 9, 1968. Most of the fighting took place between the South Vietnamese MP units stationed in Đà Lạt and the Việt Cộng (VC) forces. American MPs were also involved in the fighting and suffered several KIAs during a rocket attack on their compound. Defeats and victories alternated between the two during the sporadic-yet-intense battles. However, the South Vietnamese MPs were eventually able to regain control of Đà Lạt. It is stated that around 200 VC were killed-in-action (KIAs) during this battle. Although South Vietnamese MP forces were known to have significantly fewer KIAs, their injured list grew steadily throughout the engagement because of periods of low supplies and support. What ultimately saved the South Vietnamese MPs was the fact that they held strong defensive positions throughout Đà Lạt from the beginning to the end of the battles.
Da Nang Đà Nẵng ou Da Nang1, jadis appelée en Occident Tourane1 (également orthographié Touron2) 峴港市（越南语：Thành phố Đà Nẵng／城庯沱㶞，粵語：/jin6 gong2 si5/，讀作「現港市」），本名“沱㶞”，华文世界习作“峴港”和“蜆港”. Most of the names by which Da Nang has been known make reference to its position at the Hàn River estuary. The city's present name is generally agreed to be a Vietnamese adaptation of the Cham word da nak, which is translated as "opening of a large river".Other Chamic sources, with similar definitions, have been proposed. Inrasara (aka Phú Trạm), a researcher specializing in Champa, suggests Da Nang is a variation of the Cham word daknan (lit. "the large water"); Sakaya (aka Văn Món), another Champa researcher, claims a connection with the Raglai word danang, meaning "river source". Another name given to Da Nang was Cửa Hàn (lit. "mouth of the Han [river]"). The name used by the French, Tourane, is said to derive from this name, by way of a rough transliteration. Notably, this name (spelled "Cua han") appears on maps of the area drafted by Alexandre de Rhodes in 1650. The name Kean (cf. Kẻ Hàn, roughly "Han market") was another name purportedly used during the 17th century to refer to the land situated at the foot of the Hải Vân Pass. Other names referring to Da Nang include:
- Vũng Thùng, a colloquial name which survives in folklore.[nb 1]
- Trà Úc, Trà Áo, Trà Sơn and Đồng Long Loan, literary names used by Confucian scholars.
- In Sino-Vietnamese script, used until 1945, "Đà Nẵng" is written as 沱灢.
- Thái Phiên, a name used briefly after the 1945 August Revolution, commemorating Thái Phiên, the leader of popular revolts during the 1916 Duy Tân Resistance.
- La ville est cédée à la France, en 1787-1788, à la suite de l'aide de l'armée française pour installer Quang Trung, qui devient empereur. En 1788, est aussi cédé l'archipel de Poulo-Condore à la France. La France, qui avait perdu ses possessions en Inde, entre 1761 et 1763, souhaitait reconstruire un nouveau projet colonial en Asie. Le projet de l'administration de Louis XVI était d'installer un protectorat en Annam et Tonkin, puis conquérir toute la péninsule indochinoise[réf. nécessaire]. Mais ce projet ne se remet pas de la Révolution française, entre 1789 et 1799. Les territoires sont repris par l'empereur Quang Trung, entre 1795 et 1800. Lors du traité de Vienne de 1815, les deux territoires ne seront même pas évoqués. Bien avant l'arrivée des Français, un des « vaisseaux noirs » américains du Commodore Perry, l'USS Constitution, s'est présenté en rade, sans accoster. En août 1858, les troupes franco-espagnoles commencèrent le siège de Tourane sur ordre de Napoléon III, pour débuter l'occupation coloniale de la région. Comme pour une concession, la région a été rebaptisée Tourane (translittération en français de Cua Han, embouchure de la rivière Han). Elle vint à être considérée comme une des cinq plus grandes villes de l'Indochine française, avec Hanoï, Saigon-Cholon, Haiphong.
- US navy carrier carlson visited the port http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20180309/00180_013.html
- my khe beach
- China Beach is an American dramatic television series set at an evacuation hospital during the Vietnam War. The title refers to My Khe beach in the city of Đà Nẵng, Vietnam, nicknamed "China Beach" in English by American and Australian soldiers during the Vietnam War.[2][3][4][5] The ABC TV drama aired for four seasons, from 1988 to 1991.
The Hàn River (Sông Hàn, or Hàn giang; 汗江) Le Han (vietnamien : Sông Hàn, ou Hàn giang; 汗江) est un fleuve coulant au centre-sud du Viêt Nam, dans la région Côte centrale du Sud (en vietnamien : Nam Trung Bộ) dans la province de Annam, et traverse notamment la ville de Đà Nẵng avant de se jeter dans la mer de Chine méridionale.
Hà Tĩnh (Vietnamese: [hâː tǐŋ̟ˀ] ) is a province on the North Central Coast of Vietnam. Together with neighbouring Nghệ An Province the two provinces are together called "Nghệ Tĩnh", and the locals are known for speaking Vietnamese with a very noticeable accent.In Sino-Vietnamese characters, the province's name is written as 河靜, meaning "river quiet". Beginning in 1930 Hà Tĩnh, along with Nghệ An and Quảng Ngãi, was one of the early grounds for the Vietnamese rural Soviet movement and protests.古为越裳之地。秦朝时隶属象郡[1]。秦末天下大乱，赵佗据守岭南自立，河静省被纳入了南越国统治。西漢元鼎六年（前111年），漢滅南越國。在南越國故地設置十郡，河靜省屬於九真郡。三國時期，吳國分九真郡設九德郡，河靜省屬於九德郡。隋朝時屬於日南郡，唐朝改為驩州。在阮朝明命十二年（1831年）分設省轄之前，河靜省一直與乂安省屬於同一行政單位管轄。丁朝時屬於驩州道。李朝順天元年（1010年），改為驩州寨。天成三年（1030年），改驩州寨為乂安寨。陳朝隆慶二年（1374年），改為乂安路。光泰十年（1397年），改為臨安鎮。屬明時期，河靜省屬於乂安府和南靖州。後黎朝初期，屬於海西道。
Hậu Giang is a province of Vietnam, in the Mekong Delta region in the southern part of that country. Vị Thanh is the capital. Until 1975, the province of Hậu Giang included the city of Cần Thơ; that city was the capital of the province. In 1975, the province was renamed Cần Thơ Province, with the city of Cần Thơ still the capital. In late 2004, Cần Thơ and some surrounding cities became Cần Thơ Municipality (Thành Phố Cần Thơ). The remainder of Cần Thơ Province became Hậu Giang Province. 以前的後江省在1975年改為芹苴省，省會芹苴。在2004年，芹苴和其鄰近地區建立直轄市，而芹苴省其他部分重新改為後江省。
Hội An (Vietnamese: [hôjˀ aːn]), formerly known as Fai-Fo or Faifoo, is a city with a population of approximately 120,000 in Vietnam's Quảng Nam Province and noted since 1999 as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Old Town Hội An, the city's historic district, is recognized as an exceptionally well-preserved example of a South-East Asian trading port dating from the 15th to the 19th century, its buildings and street plan reflecting a unique blend of influences, indigenous and foreign. Prominent in the city's old town, is its covered "Japanese Bridge," dating to the 16th-17th century. Hội An (會安) translates as "peaceful meeting place". In English and other European languages, the town was known historically as Faifo. This word is derived from Vietnamese Hội An phố (the town of Hội An), which was shortened to "Hoi-pho", and then to "Faifo". Between the seventh and 10th centuries, the Cham (people of Champa) controlled the strategic spice trade and with this came tremendous wealth. The former harbour town of the Cham at the estuary of the Thu Bồn River was an important Vietnamese trading centre in the 16th and 17th centuries, where Chinese from various provinces as well as Portuguese, Japanese, Dutch and Indians settled. During this period of the China trade, the town was called Hai Pho (Seaside Town) in Vietnamese. Originally, Hai Pho was a divided town with the Japanese settlement across the "Japanese Bridge" (16th-17th century). The bridge (Chùa cầu) is a unique covered structure built by the Japanese, the only known covered bridge with a Buddhist temple attached to one side.[citation needed] The early history of Hội An is that of the Cham. These Austronesian-speaking Malayo-Polynesian peoples created the Champa Empire which occupied much of what is now central and lower Vietnam, from Huế to beyond Nha Trang.[citation needed] Various linguistic connections between Cham and the related Jarai language and the Austronesian languages of Indonesia (particularly Acehnese), Malaysia, and Hainan has been documented. In the early years, Mỹ Sơn was the spiritual capital, Trà Kiệu was the political capital and Hội An was the commercial capital of the Champa Empire - later, by the 14th century, the Cham moved further down towards Nha Trang. The river system was used for the transport of goods between the highlands, inland countries of Laos and Thailand and the low lands. In 1535 Portuguese explorer and sea captain António de Faria, coming from Da Nang, tried to establish a major trading centre at the port village of Faifo. Hội An was founded as a trading port by the Nguyễn Lord Nguyễn Hoàng sometime around 1595. The Nguyễn lords were far more interested in commercial activity than the Trịnh lords who ruled the north. As a result, Hội An flourished as a trading port and became the most important trade port on the East Vietnam Sea. Captain William Adams, the English sailor and confidant of Tokugawa Ieyasu, is known to have made at least one trading mission to Hội An (around 1619).[citation needed] The early Portuguese Jesuits also had one of their two residences at Hội An. In the 18th century, Hội An was considered by Chinese and Japanese merchants to be the best destination for trading in all of south-east Asia, even Asia. The Japanese believed the heart of all of Asia (the dragon) lay beneath the earth of Hội An.[citation needed] The city also rose to prominence as a powerful and exclusive trade conduit between Europe, China, India, and Japan, especially for the ceramic industry. Shipwreck discoveries have shown that Vietnamese and Asian ceramics were transported from Hội An to as far as Sinai, Egypt. Hội An's importance waned sharply at the end of the 18th century because of the collapse of Nguyễn rule (thanks to the Tây Sơn Rebellion - which was opposed to foreign trade).[citation needed] Then, with the triumph of Emperor Gia Long, he repaid the French for their aid by giving them exclusive trade rights to the nearby port town of Đà Nẵng. Đà Nẵng became the new centre of trade (and later French influence) in central Vietnam while Hội An was a forgotten backwater. Local historians also say that Hội An lost its status as a desirable trade port due to silting up of the river mouth. The result was that Hội An remained almost untouched by the changes to Vietnam over the next 200 years.
- japan- 朱印船貿易が盛んだった17世紀頃には日本人町があり、300人以上（1000人以上とも）の日本人が住んでいたと言われているが、1633年の第一次鎖国令（5年以上海外に住んだ日本人の帰国禁止）、1635年の第三次鎖国令（東南アジアからの帰国禁止）などにより、徐々に日本人は撤退した。その後ホイアンでは大火があり、現在の街並みはすべて19世紀以降のものになっているため日本街の遺構は残っていない。日本人が造ったされる来遠橋（通称「日本橋」）も建築様式が日本のものと異なることから、後年架け直されたものと思われるが、1993年（平成5年）から継続的に行なわれている昭和女子大学らの発掘調査により、橋のすぐ横から木杭や板材が見つかり、それが本来の日本橋の遺構ではないかと見られている[4]。発掘では、古伊万里焼の破片や日本独特の仏具である仏飯器なども出土した。ホイアン郊外には1647年に没した谷弥次郎兵衛の名が刻まれた日本人墓地（昭和5年（1930年）に日本人によって修復されたもの）もある。また、郷土料理の汁なし麺のカオラウ（Cao lầu）は日本の伊勢うどんが変化したものではないかとする説もあるが[5]、スープでなくタレをからめて食べる点の類似や、カオラウの漢字「高樓」が2階建て家屋があったとされる日本人街の通称「高樓」に由来するのではないかという推測からであり証拠はない。
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/finance/20170729/00202_020.html周焯華（洗米華）旗下太陽城集團（01383，前稱太陽世紀集團）公布關連交易，集團以總代價6億元向周氏購入越南在建中賭場度假村項目約34%權益。分析認為，有關的做法將直接增加公司的風險和財務壓力，估計未來或需以股本融資應付龐大的項目投資。該項目公司現正發展一個位於越南會安，由一個娛樂場、酒店、住宅區及一個高爾夫球場組成的綜合度假村項目。項目全部發展預期於20年期間在一幅約985.5公頃土地上分七期進行，若太陽城集團購入後，將就該項目接手一期發展的投資承擔約2.04億元。
海防市Haiphong was founded in 1887 as a seaport province by colonists during French colonial rule. In 1888, the president of the French Third Republic, Sadi Carnot, promulgated a decree to establish Haiphong. From 1954 to 1975, Haiphong served as the most important maritime city of North Vietnam, and it became one of direct-controlled municipalities of a reunified Vietnam with Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City in 1976. In the 21st century, Haiphong has emerged as a trading gateway, modern, green industrial city of Vietnam, oriented to become the third special-class city of Vietnam by 2030 to 2050 at the latest.Haiphong was the home of Lê Chân, one of the female generals under the command of the Trưng Sisters who rose against Chinese rule in 40 AD and ruled until their defeat in 43 AD. Centuries later under the Mạc Dynasty, the area earned the appellation Hải-dương thương-chính quan-phòng (海陽商政關房 / "The trading defensive area of Hải Dương Province") as it protected the eastern flank of Mac kings' home province.By the 19th century at the end of Nguyễn Emperor Tự Đức's reign, the Hang Kenh Communal House in what is now the city's Le Chan District was made the administrative seat of An Dương District, restoring its regional importance.[4] The area by then had developed into a sizable commercial port.At the eve of the French conquest in 1881, a typhoon ravaged the area, killing about 300,000 people in and around Haiphong. Despite the damages, Haiphong was developed by the French to serve as Indochina's main naval base over the ensuing decades. 後黎朝时期，海防市属于海阳承宣和海阳处，海防市区属于宜阳县管辖。宜阳县是权臣莫登庸的故乡。1527年，莫登庸经过禅让建立莫朝，定故乡为“阳京”。1592年，莫朝灭亡，后黎中兴，取消“阳京”。阮朝初期，海防市属于海阳镇。明命十二年（1831年），明命帝改海阳镇为海阳省，海防市分属建瑞府安老县、安阳县、宜阳县，南策府先明县，宁江府永保县和荆门府水棠县，葛婆岛属于广安省山定府尧封县。嗣德二十三年（1870年），阮朝为开拓对外贸易，在此建設碼頭，設立商館，并设海阳商政衙管理商贸事务。同庆二年（1887年）十一月，阮朝朝廷增设海阳海防衙，并将建瑞府宜阳县、安老县、安阳县划归海防衙管辖，此为海防建省建市先声，殖民政府直接将海防衙视作“Province de Haiphong”（海防省）。同庆三年（1888年），阮朝朝廷正式将河内、海防、岘港割让给法国。同年，法国总统签署命令，设立河内市、海防市和岘港市。成泰四年（1892年），海阳省水源县划归海防衙管辖。次年（1893年）七月，阮朝朝廷再将先朗县和荆门府金城县划归海防衙，并正式将海防衙改设为海防省，设巡抚、按察使和商办各一名。后金城县划回海阳省。成泰十年（1898年）正月，海防省省莅自海防市迁至安老县扶辇社，改省名为扶辇省。成泰十八年（1906年）正月，扶辇省取建瑞府和安阳县首字，改名为建安省。后海防市外城（郊区）设为海安县，划归建安省管辖。
- people
- Văn Cao (born Nguyễn Văn Cao, Vietnamese pronunciation: [ŋʷjə̌ˀn van kaːw]; 15 November 1923 – 10 July 1995) was a Vietnamese composer whose works include "Tiến Quân Ca", which became the national anthem of Vietnam.
- hk
- 海防道，街名源于海防市，1909年3月，以表示位於越南的海防市與香港有貿易往來，香港政府将街道命名为海防道。It was initially named as Elgin Street but its name changed in 1909 to Haiphong,[2] a city in Vietnam to avoid confusion with another Elgin Street on the Hong Kong Island. As such, it is one of the few streets in Hong Kong not named for a Chinese or English subject. Along with Nathan Road it was one of the first two streets laid out in Tsim Sha Tsui.[3] Indian merchants, mostly Hindus from the province of Sindh, began establishing shops on the street in the 1920s, supplying Indian goods to soldiers stationed in the adjacent Whitfield Barracks.Significant locations along this street include the Fok Tak Temple, a century-old temple site that was "once the centre for worship for Kowloon residents";[3] the Kowloon Masjid and Islamic Centre;[4] and the Haiphong Road Temporary Market, thought to be the oldest such market in Hong Kong.
- people in hk
- 王國興 (chinese wiki)
Hue顺化是越南社会主义共和国承天顺化省省会, 香江(perfume river)横贯其中，它西靠长山山脉，东面距海8公里，面积150平方公里，人口约34万（2000年）。顺化城修建在香江岸边的狭长平原上，紧靠植物富饶的山峦——玉屏山。
Nam Định is a city in the Red River Delta of northern Vietnam. It is the capital of Nam Định Province. The city of Nam Định is 90 km south-east of Vietnam's capital, Hanoi. From August 18–20 of each year, there is a festival held in Nam Định called the Co Trach. This celebration honors General Trần Hưng Đạo, a 13th-century national hero who led Vietnamese forces to victory over the invading Mongols. Nam Định (actually, the village of Trà Lũ) is also the birthplace of Letran Student, Dominican Friar and Vietnamese Saint Vicente Liem de la Paz, O.P. De la Paz was canonized by Pope John Paul II on June 19, 1988 (Feast Day on 24 November).南定是越南陈朝名将陈兴道的故乡，每年8月18日－20日有纪念其成功击退蒙古军队的节日活动。阮朝时，属于南定省。法属时，设立南定市。1965年，南定省和河南省合并为南河省，南定市成为南河省省莅。1975年，越南统一，合并南河省和宁平省为河南宁省。南定市改为河南宁省省莅。1991年，河南宁省拆分为南河省和宁平省。1996年，南河省拆分为河南省和南定省。南定市为南定省省莅。2019年7月16日，越南国会常务委员会批准禄和社和美舍社改制为坊[3]。
- https://www.sothebys.com/en/articles/paper-rediscovering-the-limits-of-a-humble-medium-in-southeast-asian-art scenes of daily life in Vietnam are memorialized in an album of watercolors created by the North Vietnamese School. Inscribed and dated 1890, Sketches of Daily Life and Religious Ceremonies in the North of Vietnam, Nam Dinh hold a group of 21 gouache paintings on paper, elucidating Vietnamese traditions and culture during that period.
Nghệ An (Vietnamese: [ŋêˀ ʔaːn]) is a province in the North Central Coast region of Vietnam. It is Vietnam's largest province by area. Nghệ An is located in a central position in North Central Coast.Nghệ An (乂安) and Thanh Hoá were the base of "Thanh-Nghệ" (from the name of the two provinces) former Lê Dynasty loyalist opposition to the new Mạc dynasty in the 1530s.The province's name derives from Sino-Vietnamese 乂安, meaning "governance in peace."乂安省（越南語：Tỉnh Nghệ An／省乂安，其中「乂」讀作yì/ㄧˋ）因為歷史的因素，紅河與南中國海海上交易網的結合，此地的戰略位置被重視（這個地區以北的地域，在宋代以後都是依賴船舶經由海南島出入海域貿易。越南的李朝幾度嘗試遠征，真臘（吳哥王朝）的蘇利耶跋摩二世與闍耶跋摩七世等也曾侵入此地。
- Nghệ An is the home province of Phan Bội Châu and Ho Chi Minh and Nguyen Truong To.
- In addition to the majority Vietnamese people, some Ơ Đu people also live here.
- 現時在宜祿縣宜春社仍然有王勃的墳墓。
- 榮市 Vinh (Vietnamese: [viŋ̟] ) is the biggest city and economic and cultural center of central Vietnam. Vinh is the capital of Nghệ An Province, and is a key point in the East–West economic corridor linking Myanmar, Thailand, Laos and Vietnam. Vinh was originally known as Ke Van. Later, this successively became Ke Vinh, Vinh Giang, Vinh Doanh, and then Vinh Thi. Eventually, in 1789, the official name became simply Vinh, probably under European influence. The name has remained the same ever since. At various times, Vinh has been of considerable military and political significance. The Vietnamese nation began in the north, and only gradually expanded to cover its current territories – as such, Vinh was sometimes seen as a "gateway to the south".三國時，東吳分日南置九德郡，晉、宋、齊因之。南朝梁置德州，治所在九德縣（今越南乂安省榮市），轄境相當今越南藍江流域下游地區。隋開皇十八年（598年）改驩州。唐武德八年（625年）復以南德州改德州，仍治今越南乂安省榮市。貞觀元年（627年）仍改驩州。丁朝和前黎朝時，屬於驩州道。李朝改乂安路，陳朝因之。屬明時期，改屬乂安府。後黎朝初期，屬於海西道。黎聖宗時期，劃分天下為十三承宣。榮市屬於乂安承宣英都府和德光府。西山朝在此設立鳳凰中都，打算遷都至此，但最終沒能成功。阮朝時屬於乂安省英山府宜祿縣。成泰十年（1898年），成泰帝下令設置榮市社，交由法國人治理。維新八年（1914年），法國人授意阮朝朝廷在榮市附近設立𤅶水市社。啟定二年（1917年），增設場試市社。保大二年（1927年），法國殖民政府將三市社合併為榮-𤅶水市。1945年，越南獨立後，榮市社成為乂安省省蒞。1961年12月28日，越南民主共和國政治部通過決議，設立榮市。
廣平省Quảng Bình (Vietnamese: [kwa᷉ːŋ ɓɨ̂n] ), formerly Tiên Bình under the reign of Lê Trung Hưng of the Lê Dynasty (this province was renamed Quảng Bình in 1604), is a province along Vietnam's north-central coast.Historically, this region belonged to Văn Lang and later the kingdom of Champa. Later it was claimed by both the Đại Việt and Champa and officially annexed into Đại Việt by Lý Thường Kiệt, a Lý Dynasty general (under the reign of Lý Thánh Tông). The site of present-day Quảng Bình was battlefields between Champa and Vietnam until the Vietnamese territory was expanded further south by subsequent dynasties. Quảng Bình's importance expanded after Nguyễn Hoàng, a prince of Nguyễn lords was sent to the south by a king of the Lê Dynasty. Hoàng built his estate and turned it into Đàng Trong, a rival of the de facto Trịnh-controlled Đàng Ngoài. Quảng Bình became an important front to defend Đàng Trong from attack by Đàng Ngoài. Under French rule, this province was part of Annam. During the Vietnam War, this province was part of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (aka North Vietnam), only 20 km from the DMZ. This province was severely devastated by bombing from U.S. B-52s. This province is home to the World Heritage Phong Nha-Kẻ Bàng National Park. The province is also home to several famous Vietnamese persons, including general Võ Nguyên Giáp, poet Hàn Mặc Tử, writer Bảo Ninh and the family of former South Vietnamese president Ngô Đình Diệm. 在雄王時代和文郎時代，廣平省地區屬於越裳部。秦朝時，秦始皇在此地設置象郡[1]。秦末天下大亂，趙佗據有嶺南諸郡，建立南越國，廣平省一帶歸屬南越國。西漢元鼎六年（前111年），漢滅南越國。在南越國故地設置十郡，廣平省屬於日南郡西捲縣。三國時期，吳國分西捲縣設壽泠縣。東晉永和二年（346年），林邑范文攻陷日南郡，與南朝以橫山為界。隋大業元年（605年），隋朝平定林邑，在此地重設西捲、壽泠二縣，隸屬蕩州，不久更名為比景郡。隋朝末年，此地又被林邑佔據。林邑在此設置地哩州、布征州和麻令州。越南李朝天貺寶象二年（1069年），李聖宗親征占城，擒獲占城國王制矩，制矩向李朝獻出地哩州、布征州和麻令州三州之地。李聖宗改地哩州為臨平州，布征州為布政州，麻令州為明靈州。招集流民前來居住。龍符元化三年（1103年），占城國王制麻那入侵三州。次年（1104年），李常傑率大軍討伐占城，占城王再次獻出三州之地。陳朝大治四年（1361年），陳裕宗任命范阿窗為臨平府知府，至遲此時臨平州已經陞為府。隆慶三年（1375年），臨平府改為新平府，不久又改為新平路。胡朝時，又改為西平鎮。屬明時期，明朝將此地設為新平府，轄二州九縣[2]。後黎朝初年，沿襲明朝行政區劃，但不久改新平府為新平路，主官為“路總管知府”，隸屬海西道。
Quy Nhơn is a coastal city in Bình Định Province in central Vietnam. As of 2009 its population was 280,900. Historically, the commercial activities of the city focused on agriculture and fishing. In recent years, however, there has been a significant shift towards service industries and tourism. There is also a substantial manufacturing sector.
Sa Pả or Chapa, is a frontier township and capital of Sa Pa District in Lào Cai Province in north-west Vietnam. It is one of the main market towns in the area, where several ethnic minority groups such as Hmong, Dao (Yao), Giáy, Pho Lu, and Tay live. It was only when the French debarked in highland Tonkinin the late 1880s that Sa Pa, name of the Hmong hamlet, with "S" is pronounced almost as hard as "Ch" in French, "Sh" in English, "S" in standard Vietnamese, so Chapa as the French called it, began to appear on the national map. Near to the now Sa Pa townlet is "Sa Pả commune", which shows the origin in Hmong language of the location name.
- 有「東方吉普賽」之稱的沙壩山城https://www.facebook.com/hongkongeconomicjournal/photos/a.141543665886264/2255180794522530/?type=3
西寧省Tây Ninh Province locates between Ho Chi Minh City and Phnom Penh, in Southern Key Economic Zone and borders Cambodia to the west.Formerly a Cambodian (Khmer) territory occupied early in the 19th century by the Vietnamese under the emperor Gia Long, the region has Khmer, Chinese, and Chamminorities. Followers of the Cao Dai, who dominate the area, have built a Holy See in Tây Ninh. The region also has concentrations of the Hòa Hảo, a rival militant Buddhist sect. The area is noted for its large rubber and sugar plantations; rice and coconuts are also harvested.
-As a former Khmer territory, the province is called Raung Damrey. Vietnamese encroached and conquered Raung Damrey in 1770. The Cao Đài religion originated in Tây Ninh. It is the birthplace of Trình Minh Thế, a nationalist and military leader during the end of the First Indochina War.Because of the once-vaunted political and military power of the Cao Dai, this region was the scene of prolonged and heavy fighting during the First Indochina War. Tây Ninh province served as a major terminus of the Ho Chi Minh trail during the American War, and in 1969 the Viet Cong captured Tây Ninh town and held it for several days. During the period of conflict between Cambodia and Vietnam in the late 1970s, the Khmer Rouge launched a number of cross-border raids into Tây Ninh province and committed atrocities against civilians.
- Note the archit style of Cao Dai Holy See
Thái Bình is a city in the Red River Delta of northern Vietnam. It is the capital of Thái Bình Province. In the 10th century, the area was the domain of the Tran clan, which rose in power to become the Trần Dynasty of Vietnam in the early 13th century. The town Thái Bình (Sino-Vietnamese: 太平) developed near the Keo Pagoda constructed in 1061.太平市原为太平市社。2004年，升格为太平市。
- [vasavakul] during the doi moi era, the decentralised state structure has kept popular resistance contained to localities, which increasingly differ in their domestic concerns. The mass protests in thai binh in 1997 can be classified as serious given that thai binh is the revoluary cradle of VCP dating to the anticolonial period.
太原市（越南语：Thành phố Thái Nguyên／城庯太原） is a city and municipality in Vietnam. It is the capital and largest city of Thái Nguyên Province. The city is listed as a first class city and is the ninth largest city in Vietnam.[1] It has long been famous throughout Vietnam for its tea. In 1959 it became the site of Vietnam's first steel mill,[3] and is now home to a large and growing major regional university complex.
- The province has also seen a further VND1.4 trillion (nearly US$62.3 million) poured into its industrial parks by domestic investors during the period, said Tran Van Long, deputy head of the Thai Nguyen Management Board of Industrial Parks. He elaborated that the province had granted investment licences to eight foreign projects worth a total of US$29 million and a single domestic project worth VND20 billion (approximately US$860.000).https://en.nhandan.com.vn/business/item/8688902-thai-nguyen-attracts-us$45-million-in-foreign-investment.html
Association/Institution
- 越南工商会. Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and Industry（VCCI）成立于1963年，是越南全国性的、独立的商业社团，是一家半官方机构（副部级单位）。
- think tank
- LEFASO (leather footwear handbag) http://www.lefaso.org.vn/
- The Institute of Hán-Nôm Studies (Vietnamese: Viện nghiên cứu Hán Nôm; Hán Nôm: 院研究漢喃), or Hán-Nôm Institute (Vietnamese: Viện Hán Nôm, Hán Nôm: 院漢喃) in Hanoi, Vietnam, is the main research centre, historical archival agency and reference library for the study of chữ Hán and chữ Nôm texts in Vietnam. These are texts predating the adoption of the modern Latin-based Vietnamese alphabet.The original nucleus of this agency was the Department of Hán and Nôm which was founded in 1970.[3] In 1979, the Vietnamese government issued the 326/CP Decree elevating the Department of Hán and Nôm to institute status and renaming it as the Institute of Hán-Nôm Studies. The ink rubbing collections which were holdings of the National Library of Vietnam were transferred to the Institute of Hán-Nôm Studies in 1984–1986. On 22 May 1993, the 23/CP Decree confirmed the Institute's status as a subsidiary of the National Center for Social Sciences and Humanities of Vietnam. Hán-Nôm (漢喃) is the whole corpus of premodern written materials, both in Hán (classical Chinese used in Vietnam) and Nôm (the vernacular logographic Vietnamese script). Being a part of the Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences, the Institute sets out with two goals: the preservation of historical Hán and Nôm texts, and conduct systemic linguistic, literary and historical research on these holdings.漢喃研究院（越南語：Viện nghiên cứu Hán Nôm／院研究漢喃），或稱漢喃院（越南語：Viện Hán Nôm／院漢喃），是一所位於越南河內，為境內研究漢字與喃字而設立的重要研究中心、歷史檔案管理機構與參考圖書館。在正式採用基於拉丁字母的國語字之前，由漢字和喃字組合形成的漢喃曾通行於越南。
- Note the archit style of Cao Dai Holy See
Thái Bình is a city in the Red River Delta of northern Vietnam. It is the capital of Thái Bình Province. In the 10th century, the area was the domain of the Tran clan, which rose in power to become the Trần Dynasty of Vietnam in the early 13th century. The town Thái Bình (Sino-Vietnamese: 太平) developed near the Keo Pagoda constructed in 1061.太平市原为太平市社。2004年，升格为太平市。
- [vasavakul] during the doi moi era, the decentralised state structure has kept popular resistance contained to localities, which increasingly differ in their domestic concerns. The mass protests in thai binh in 1997 can be classified as serious given that thai binh is the revoluary cradle of VCP dating to the anticolonial period.
太原市（越南语：Thành phố Thái Nguyên／城庯太原） is a city and municipality in Vietnam. It is the capital and largest city of Thái Nguyên Province. The city is listed as a first class city and is the ninth largest city in Vietnam.[1] It has long been famous throughout Vietnam for its tea. In 1959 it became the site of Vietnam's first steel mill,[3] and is now home to a large and growing major regional university complex.
- The province has also seen a further VND1.4 trillion (nearly US$62.3 million) poured into its industrial parks by domestic investors during the period, said Tran Van Long, deputy head of the Thai Nguyen Management Board of Industrial Parks. He elaborated that the province had granted investment licences to eight foreign projects worth a total of US$29 million and a single domestic project worth VND20 billion (approximately US$860.000).https://en.nhandan.com.vn/business/item/8688902-thai-nguyen-attracts-us$45-million-in-foreign-investment.html
Association/Institution
- 越南工商会. Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and Industry（VCCI）成立于1963年，是越南全国性的、独立的商业社团，是一家半官方机构（副部级单位）。
- think tank
- http://ueb.vnu.edu.vn/enNewdetail/44/Centers/6706/vietnam-institute-for-economic-and-policy-research.htm Vietnam Institute for Economic and Policy Research (VEPR) directly under VNU University of Economic and Business was established in 28th June 2014. The Institute was upgraded from Vietnam Center for Economic and Policy Research under the VNU-UEB. The Institute is associated with a network of national and international scientists, focusing on researching and analyzing policies with modern and highly quantitative methods. Based on research results and expert network, VEPR provides the government agencies, international organizations, enterprises and media with high-quality consulting and training services.
- http://www.doimoi.org/content/162/about-us.html Doimoi.org is a Vietnamese-language platform offering reviews and commentary on the critical issues affecting Vietnam and its future. We believe in the free exchange of ideas, the values of the free enterprise system, the rule of law, and the importance of individual choice in an open and prosperous community. The website features regular book reviews, audio interviews, web videos, and an online library of classical liberal books and essays. Doimoi.org was launched in November 2009 and is a project of the Atlas Global Initiative for Free Trade, Peace and Prosperity.
- http://www.vietfood.org.vn/en/ Vietnam Food Association, the predecessor of which is Vietnam Food Import & Export Association established under Decision No. 727/KDDN-QĐ dated November 13th, 1989 of the Minister for External Economic Relations which is presently called Ministry of Industry and Trade was renamed Vietnam Food Association under Decision No. 33/1999/QĐ-BTCCBCP dated August 26th, 1999 of Minister, Head of Governmental Personnel Managerial Committee.
- Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) Society of Cosmetics Chemists
- LEFASO (leather footwear handbag) http://www.lefaso.org.vn/
- The Institute of Hán-Nôm Studies (Vietnamese: Viện nghiên cứu Hán Nôm; Hán Nôm: 院研究漢喃), or Hán-Nôm Institute (Vietnamese: Viện Hán Nôm, Hán Nôm: 院漢喃) in Hanoi, Vietnam, is the main research centre, historical archival agency and reference library for the study of chữ Hán and chữ Nôm texts in Vietnam. These are texts predating the adoption of the modern Latin-based Vietnamese alphabet.The original nucleus of this agency was the Department of Hán and Nôm which was founded in 1970.[3] In 1979, the Vietnamese government issued the 326/CP Decree elevating the Department of Hán and Nôm to institute status and renaming it as the Institute of Hán-Nôm Studies. The ink rubbing collections which were holdings of the National Library of Vietnam were transferred to the Institute of Hán-Nôm Studies in 1984–1986. On 22 May 1993, the 23/CP Decree confirmed the Institute's status as a subsidiary of the National Center for Social Sciences and Humanities of Vietnam. Hán-Nôm (漢喃) is the whole corpus of premodern written materials, both in Hán (classical Chinese used in Vietnam) and Nôm (the vernacular logographic Vietnamese script). Being a part of the Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences, the Institute sets out with two goals: the preservation of historical Hán and Nôm texts, and conduct systemic linguistic, literary and historical research on these holdings.漢喃研究院（越南語：Viện nghiên cứu Hán Nôm／院研究漢喃），或稱漢喃院（越南語：Viện Hán Nôm／院漢喃），是一所位於越南河內，為境內研究漢字與喃字而設立的重要研究中心、歷史檔案管理機構與參考圖書館。在正式採用基於拉丁字母的國語字之前，由漢字和喃字組合形成的漢喃曾通行於越南。
SOE
- http://www.economist.com/news/business/21633834-400-firms-government-wants-part-privatise-are-mostly-unappealing-excess-baggage
- International brewers are sizing up a $2.2bn plan by Vietnam to auction off its two largest state beer makers, in the latest stage of what has been a stop-start opening up of one of Southeast Asia’s leading emerging markets. https://www.ft.com/content/8afe70f6-70fc-11e6-a0c9-1365ce54b926
SMEs
- http://www.scmp.com/business/economy/article/1694358/zombie-companies-haunt-vietnams-bid-revive-its-economy
Trade
- TPP
- agribusiness
- pepper
- bank
- mining
Trade and Investment environment
- http://www.economist.com/news/business/21688876-foreign-firms-and-investors-are-cheerful-once-more-about-vietnams-prospects-gold-stars
- ft 24jun19 vietnam reaps reward of US tariffs on china
- market economy status
- tax
- ecommerce
- social media
- automobile
- gambling
- situation after riot in May 2014 hkej 15dec14 a4 hkej 16dec14 a11
- http://emerging-markets-research.hktdc.com/business-news/article/Asia/Vietnam-an-Alternative-Production-Base-2015-Update/rp/en/1/1X4UWAX9/1X0A159C.htm
politics
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20170510/00192_001.html 越共中央日前宣布，胡志明市市委書記丁羅升涉嫌腐敗，免除其越共中央政治局委員的職務。這場反腐風暴其實是越共政治鬥爭的折射，以前總理阮晉勇為代表的南方派，在黨內將面臨全面壓制。據報道，根據越共中央檢查委員會對越南國家油氣集團今年四月的調查，丁羅升在二○○九年至二○一一年擔任越南國家油氣集團黨委書記期間涉嫌嚴重違紀。這顯然是陳年老帳，但時至今日才揭發出來，顯示越南政壇的暗戰是何等的激烈。越南政壇歷來有南北兩派之分，南方派以前總理阮晉勇為代表，其大本營是胡志明市，而北方派則以現任越共總書記阮富仲為代表，大本營 在河內。南方派以經濟幹部為主，立場開放，向美國靠攏，阮晉勇甚至一度表示脫離越共；而北方派則以意識形態幹部為主，立場傳統。這兩派勢力過去十多年來一 直明爭暗鬥，掀起一輪又一輪波瀾。在去年初的越共全國代表大會之前，阮晉勇有意競選越共總書記之位，但遭到北方派的強力抵制，最後阮晉勇被迫退休，但作為補償，南方派陣營的新星丁羅 升當選胡志明市市委書記，而且南方派在政府的關鍵崗位上也佔了不少席位。當時的黨代會，越共並沒有完成世代交接，人事布局是一個妥協班底。也正因為此，越共內部的政治鬥爭仍然暗潮湧動。不過，由於北方派掌握了紀檢大權，可以藉此對南方派進行反腐調整。南方派的經濟官員，長期掌握國企和胡志明市政權，自然而然腐敗嚴重，北方派以反腐為名整肅南方派，可謂光明正大。丁羅升今次被免職，只是北方派對南方派整肅的開始，接下來勢必有更多的阮晉勇門徒、親屬被調查，層層剝離之後，阮晉勇也將是泥菩薩 過江自身難保，就像中國的周永康一樣。一旦阮晉勇被連根拔除，越共總書記阮富仲將完成使命，將總書記之位交給現任中央書記處常務書記丁世兄之後，正式退出 舞台。越共與中共一樣，山頭與派系政治的存在是常態，南方派雖然遭遇打擊，但今後不排除有其他派系崛起。
- 眾所周知，越南政壇一直有「四駕馬車」，即總書記、政府總理、國家主席、國會主席並駕齊驅之稱，表面上是黨內民主，實際上是四龍治水，各管一攤，誰也不服誰，四位大老為了爭奪權力，從上到下不斷培養自己的勢力，導致越共內部四分五裂。尤其是阮晉勇擔任總理時，居然向越共中央叫板，威脅若不同意其人事方案，他將離開越共另組新黨。越共這個亂象嚴重威脅到其執政地位，因此越共內部逐漸形成共識，需要打壓以黨內民主為由進行爭權奪利的行為，進一步加強中央集權。而針對丁羅升的審判，既是呼應民眾的反腐訴求，也是對黨內的立威之舉，通過殺一儆百，讓地方家族豪強、大企業勢力乃至軍方等各政治山頭心存忌憚。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20180114/00192_001.html
People
- Nong Zhigao (modern Zhuang language: Nungz Ciqgaoh; 儂智高; pinyin: Nóng Zhìgāo, Vietnamese: Nùng Trí Cao) (1025—1055?) is a hero admired by the Nùng people of Vietnam, and Zhuang people of China. His father was the head of local Zhuang people in Vietnam.
- Ngô Đình Diệm (3 January 1901 – 2 November 1963) was a South Vietnamese politician. A former mandarin of the Nguyễn dynasty, he was named Prime Minister of the State of Vietnam by Head of State Bảo Đại in 1954. In October 1955, after winning aheavily rigged referendum, he deposed Bảo Đại and established the first Republic of Vietnam (RVN), with himself as president. In November 1963, after constant religious protests and non-violent resistances, Diệm was assassinated, along with his brother, Ngô Đình Nhu, by Nguyễn Văn Nhung, the aide of the leader of The Army of Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) General Dương Văn Minh during a coup d’état sanctioned by the US. The assassination led to the end of the US-Diệm alliance and the collapse of his regime as well as the first Republic of Vietnam. Diệm has been a controversial historical figure in historiography on Vietnam War scholarship. Some historians portrayed him as a tool of the US policymakers, some considered him as an avatar of Vietnamese tradition. Nevertheless, some recent studies have portrayed Diệm from a more Vietnamese-centered perspective as a competent leader with his own vision on nation building and modernization of South Vietnam.
- 黎德英 Lê Đức Anh (1 December 1920[1] – 22 April 2019)[2] was a Vietnamese politician and general who served as the fourth President of Vietnam from 1992 to 1997. He previously led the Vietnamese forces in Cambodia throughout the 1980s. He was regarded as a conservative[3] who advocated maintaining tight party control over domestic policies.Lê Đức Anh was born in Phú Lộc District in Thừa Thiên–Huế Province. In August 1945, he joined the army. From October 1948 to 1950, he was chief of staff of the 7th Military Region, 8th Military Region and administrative region of Sai Gon–Cho Lon. From 1951 to 1954, served as Deputy Chief of Staff, acting Chief of Staff of Cochinchina. From August 1963, he served as Deputy Chief of General Staff of the Vietnam People's Army. February 1964, to the South Vietnam, position of Deputy Commander and Chief of Staff of the People's Liberation Armed Force (Vietcong).
- 武文傑 Võ Văn Kiệt (Vietnamese: [vɔ̌ˀ vaŋ kîək]; 23 November 1922 – 11 June 2008[1]) was a Vietnamese politician who served as the Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam from 1991 to 1997. He was a well regarded Vietnamese revolutionary and political leader.[2] He was a revolutionary veteran fighter in the long war against the French colonialists and then South Vietnamese and American forces in South Vietnam during the Vietnam War. In the difficult years following the war, he was one of the most prominent political leaders that led the innovation (Đổi mới) policy in Vietnam. He served as Prime Minister of Vietnam from 8 August 1991 to 25 September 1997, the period experienced the communist nation's return to the world arena after decades of war and isolation.Võ Văn Kiệt was born Phan Văn Hòa in 1922 into a peasant family in Trung Hiệp village, Vũng Liêm district, Vĩnh Long province in the Mekong Delta in southern Vietnam, then a part of Cochinchina in what was called French Indochina.[3] His birth name was Phan Văn Hòa and he changed it to Võ Văn Kiệt when he was admitted to the Indochinese Communist Party in 1939. He also had a pseudonym, Sáu Dân. He joined the Anti-imperialist Youth Movement and took part in the Nam Kỳ (Cochinchina) insurrection in Vũng Liêm district.
- Phan Văn Khải ( 25 December 1933 – 17 March 2018) was a Vietnamese politician who served as the fifth Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnamfrom 25 September 1997 to 27 June 2006.Phan Văn Khải was born on 25 December 1933 near Saigon in French Indochina. Already during his youth he worked in revolutionary organizations. After the end of the first Indochina War and the subsequent partition of the country, Pham Van Khai took the opportunity to emigrate to North Vietnam. Phan Văn Khải joined the revolution in 1947 and became member of the Communist Party of Vietnam on 15 July 1959. From 1954 to 1959, he studied and worked on land reform in North Vietnam, he then studied languages, at the University of Economics in Moscow Soviet Union, until 1965. After the war Phan Văn Khải was temporarily mayor of Ho Chi Minh City. From September 24, 1997 to June 24, 2006, he served as Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. He became the first Prime Minister of Vietnam to visit United States, meeting with President George W. Bush. On June 24, 2006, he announced his resignation, along with President Trần Đức Lương. In the period from 15 December 1998 to 5 November 2001 he also served as chairman of ASEAN.
- 邓氏玉盛（越南語：Đặng Thị Ngọc Thịnh，1959年12月25日－），越南广南省人，女性政治人物，2016年4月8日起为越南国会选举为任越南社会主义共和国副主席，得票450票，得票率91.09%[1]。2018年9月21日，因越南国家主席陈大光突然逝世，邓氏玉盛临时代理国家主席一职。曾任永隆省省委书记及越南妇女联协副主席，是第11届及第13届国会代表[2]。Đặng Thị Ngọc Thịnh (born 25 December 1959) is a Vietnamese politician who is currently serving as Acting President of Vietnam after the death of President Trần Đại Quang on 21 September 2018. Thịnh is the first woman in Vietnamese history to become President of Vietnam. She is the first female head of state in a communist country since Sabine Bergmann-Pohl of East Germany.
- Đinh La Thăng (10 April 1960) is a Vietnamese politician who is the Secretary of the Ho Chi Minh city Party Committee, a post he has held since 6 February 2016. He was born in 1960 in Yên Bình Commune, Ý Yên District, Nam Định Province. He is a member of the 10th and 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam. He was a member of the 12th Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam. He is also a member of National Assembly of Vietnam of the XI and XIIIth session. Before becoming the Minister of Transport, he was the Chairman of the Board of Petrovietnam, the national oil and gas company; Deputy Secretary of Provincial Communist Party of Thừa Thiên–Huế Province (November 2003-December 2005); Chairman of Song Da Corporation (April 2001-October 2003). Đinh La Thăng was relieved from his position in the Politburo on 7 May 2017. Đinh La Thăng graduated from the Academy of Finance in Hanoi.
- Vinh Le Quoc
- Trần Anh Hùng (born December 23, 1962) is a Vietnamese-born French film director.Trần was born in Đà Nẵng, Central Vietnam, and immigrated to France when he was 12 following the fall of Saigon at the end of the Vietnam War in 1975.Trần's Oscar-nominated debut (for Best foreign film) was The Scent of Green Papaya (1993), which also won two top prizes at the Cannes Film Festival. His follow-up Cyclo (1995, which featured top Hong Kong movie star Tony Leung Chiu Wai, also won a top prize at the Venice International Film Festival. The Vertical Ray of the Sun, released in 2000, was the third film in his "Vietnam trilogy."
- 朱立基
national flag
- https://www.quora.com/What-country-s-flag-is-the-most-controversial
Privatisation
- http://www.economist.com/news/business/21708713-vinamilk-one-attractive-firms-sale-vietnams-government-cream-crop
special economic zones
- lao bao commercial zone in quang tri province http://bqlkkt.quangtri.gov.vn/en/about/
- 越南政府擬在北部、中部及南部的三個省設立經濟特區，並容許外商租借土地長達九十九年，惹來大批民眾擔心經濟特區會被中國企業控制。全國多地周日有人示威表達不滿，部分示威者向政府建築物及警員掟石，當局昨日證實共拘捕了一百零二人。
http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20180612/00178_005.html
Ict infrastructure
- AAG is a 20,000-km (12,000 mile) long submarine communication cable system, connecting Southeast Asia with the US across the Pacific Ocean. The cable, installed in 2009, is capable of delivering up to 2.88 Tbit/s. It cost US$500 for 19 partners, including Vietnam’s FPT Telecom, Viettel, VNPT, and SPT. It was damaged twice this year and five times in the previous two years. Vietnam is connected to four international Internet cable systems, with AAG bearing the heaviest load.http://www.thanhniennews.com/tech/vietnam-internet-cable-ruptures-repairs-delayed-by-hong-kong-typhoon-64879.html
garbage
- https://www.quora.com/Why-is-Vietnam-so-dirty
Religion
- buddhism
- Caodaism (Vietnamese: Đạo Cao Đài, Chữ nôm: 道高臺) is a monotheistic religion officially established in the city ofTây Ninh in southern Vietnam in 1926. The full name of the religion is 'Đại Đạo Tam Kỳ Phổ Độ (The Great Faith [for the] Third Universal Redemption). In the nineteenth century, Spiritism re-awoke the religious life of Europe. The likes of Madam Blavatsky, Allan Kardec and Victor Hugo championed new religious possibilities. In Vietnam, the age-old traditions of Asian divination and mediumship began to mix with the new traditions of European Spiritism. To highlight this objective of unity, there is a representation of the Divie Covenant of The Third Amnesty (The Third Alliance) inside every Cao Đài Temple. This Covenant between Heaven and Earth is written and presented to humanity by the Venerable Saints - Victor Hugo,Sun Yat Sen and Trạng Trình Nguyễn Bỉnh Khiêm. Their mission is said to guide humanity into the way of the Third Amnesty. The Covenant is written in French: "Dieu et Humanité Amour et Justice; and in Chinese: Tian Shang Tian Xia Bo Ai Gong Ping. This translates into English as: "God and Humanity [for] Love and Justice."
vietnamese (language)
- tones
- http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20170912/PDF/a22_screen.pdf 汉字在西汉末年传入越南，逐步扩大影响。20世纪前，越南通用的文字是汉字，惟1591年传教士Alexandre de Rhode以拉丁字母设计出新的越南文，是依据拼写原则整合而成，沿用至今。
- https://www.quora.com/Was-Chu-Nom-the-ancient-Vietnamese-language-a-whole-separate-language-or-was-it-the-same-speaking-language-with-different-literary-characters/answer/Xinyang-Li-13 Chữ Hán Nôm, is a writing system consisting of Chữ Hán (Chinese characters) and Chữ Nôm (local characters). Chữ Hán is used to write sino-Vietnamese words while Chữ Nôm writes innate Vietnamese words (từ thuần Việt 詞純越). Chữ Hán Nôm has always been used to record Vietnamese, the same language that Chữ quốc ngữ (the word of national language of Vietnam, the modern Vietnamese writing system) represents.
- latin script
- kiet
- nguyen
literature
- http://www.economist.com/news/business/21633834-400-firms-government-wants-part-privatise-are-mostly-unappealing-excess-baggage
- International brewers are sizing up a $2.2bn plan by Vietnam to auction off its two largest state beer makers, in the latest stage of what has been a stop-start opening up of one of Southeast Asia’s leading emerging markets. https://www.ft.com/content/8afe70f6-70fc-11e6-a0c9-1365ce54b926
SMEs
- http://www.scmp.com/business/economy/article/1694358/zombie-companies-haunt-vietnams-bid-revive-its-economy
Trade
- TPP
- Vietnam's effort to join TPP and likely impact hkej 18dec14 a12
- http://www.hkcd.com.hk/pdf/201509/0908/HA14908CEMA.pdf vietnam stands to benefit from TPP
- http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/e104d4b8-6c11-11e5-aca9-d87542bf8673.html Vietnam is hoping for a double boost from the newly struck Trans-Pacific Partnership as better access to the US market helps it lure more global manufacturers and the trade deal drives reforms to its inefficient and corruption-riddled economy. Reform-minded officials in Vietnam’s Communist government see the trade deals as “Trojan horses” that can be used to promote the liberalisation of an economy still held back by infrastructure bottlenecks, graft and inefficient state-owned companies. But the TPP’s requirement for the 11 participating nations, which include the US, Japan and Australia, to open their economies to greater foreign competition and enforce stringent labour and environmental standards will be difficult for Vietnam to implement and carries political and economic risks. “Vietnam has already made huge gains in garment and footwear production, and these deals will help boost its comparative advantage as factories look to relocate from China, promoting more job creation and technology transfer,” said Johanna Chua, an economist at Citigroup. Crystal Group, one of the world’s biggest garment exporters by revenue, employs 17,000 people in Vietnam making clothes for brands such as Gap, Marks & Spencer and Uniqlo. The Hong Kong-based company was already planning to expand its workforce in the country as it reduced its reliance on China over time, but the TPP agreement would provide added impetus, said Andrew Lo, its chief executive. Bosco Law of Lawsgroup, another Hong Kong-based garment producer expanding in Vietnam, said TPP would “definitely boost foreign investment”, but added that companies “have to see the details” before they could assess the benefits. Frederic Neumann, an economist at HSBC, is confident TPP will deliver measurable gains to manufacturers in Vietnam and the other low-cost countries in the grouping, Mexico and Peru. “Sectors like car parts are still highly protected in the US,” he said. “Thailand has made a good run of its car industry, but not being in the TPP will allow Vietnam and/or Mexico to make inroads.” But the benefits of the TPP for Vietnam are not without challenges. Among the biggest is fulfilling the strict terms of the TPP’s labour chapter, which for the first time would make any country’s violations of International Labour Organisation standards subject to trade penalties. Vietnam will have to amend its Communist party-controlled labour union system to allow workers to form independent unions — a tough ask, according to US officials.
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20151007/00184_007.html 在具體操作上，協定的重點實際上是生產鏈融合的問題。按照協定的原產地規則，例如越南生產的服裝出口往美國，可享受零關稅待遇。可是若要享受這個待遇，越南就必須從其他成員國進口製衣原材料。目前越南的成衣製造業，主要從中國進口棉花作為原材料。在新協定下，如果越南的生產商想要得到協定成員國的免關稅待遇，就不能繼續從中國進口原材料。
- Alan Lee Yuk-lun, president of the Hong Kong Commerce and Industry Associations, noted that China's status as the world's factory is dealing with a spirited challenge by would-be contenders, like Vietnam, for the crown in low-end production, a trend that will inevitably intensify under the Pacific-wide partnership deal. But, he told China Daily that lower labor costs are by no means the whole story. Nowadays, manufacturing sectors in Southeast Asian countries still lag far behind the Chinese mainland in terms of quality control and the workforce's level of skill set, observed Lee, who estimated it will take at least another decade for Vietnam to meet the standards of high-end manufacturing business. Lured by Vietnam's cheap labor force, Lee used to run a middle-end apparel factory with his friends in the Indochinese nation, where he was very much upset with the quality of the local workforce. His business took a big hit with anti-Chinese demonstrations breaking out in Vietnam in recent years, and he could hardly recruit new workers who are brave enough to work there. Despite the compensation and preferential policies offered by the Vietnamese government, Lee continues to use the Chinese mainland as the manufacturing base for his business. He dismissed the idea of doing business again in Vietnam, where he thinks political instability is another big concern. Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce senior economist Rocky Tung Yat-ngok said he doesn't buy the argument that China will lose out to Vietnam following the TPP deal. He pointed out that, at this stage, China is still ahead of others in terms of quality and availability of labor and necessary infrastructure, the network of the production base, domestic market potentials, and proximity to consumers, which means some businesses still prefer having at least part of the production base in China. "As a free trade port and a well-established international financial center, Hong Kong has been a member of Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum since November 1991, and has been interacting with all the TPP members closely. Such a trend should not change because of the TPP," he said. Hong Kong Trade Development Council principal economist Daniel Poon Wing-choi is confident that Hong Kong will benefit from any agreement that includes the Chinese mainland, including any Free Trade Area, the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership or a version of the TPP with China as a signatory.
- 越南是全球主要的紡織品及服裝（下簡稱紡衣）貿易國之一，2014年分別居世界紡衣出口第六位、進口第八位。據越南政府統計，2014年紡衣出口為255.04億美元，其中對美國出口佔41%、歐盟佔15%、日本佔11.8%，三大市場合佔其出口總額近七成。從大類看，服裝與紡織品之比則為80：20，反映越南紡衣貿易實是進口原料半成品加工成衣出口的模式。同年進口紡衣總額為128.67億美元，其中自中國內地進口佔47.7%，其次是韓國及台灣，分別佔18.6%及14%。基本上都是加工用的紗、布類紡織品（詳附表）。由於TPP的關係，極大有利於越南紡衣業及貿易的發展，近年外資投入大增，越南也成為內地紡衣企業「走出去」的首選之地。今年在世界經濟仍處不景的情況下，其紡衣貿易不減反增，越南紡織品服裝協會估計，出口將較上年增一成以上。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2015/12/14/b07-1214.pdf
- http://www.scmp.com/news/asia/southeast-asia/article/1901961/vietnam-eager-capitalise-opportunities-presented-tpp-banAfter organising communist Vietnam’s first peaceful mass strike at a shoe factory, labour activist Do Thi Minh Hanh was arrested, beaten bloody by police, and jailed for four years. Authoritarian Vietnam does not allow the millions of workers in its export-orientated factories, which are driving impressive economic growth, to form independent trade unions. But this should change with the coming into force of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), a deal that has been touted as a foundation for “21st-century trade” by US President Barack Obama. The TPP seeks to liberalise commerce in some 40 per cent of the global economy, and if ratified would oblige signatories – be they the US, Japan, Canada or Vietnam – to allow independent trade unions. But activists like Hanh say the one-party state is a long way from concretely committing to that kind of change. “Vietnam still wants to maintain its monopoly on trade unions,” said Hanh, who was released from prison in 2014 but lives under constant police surveillance. Currently, all unions are part of the Vietnam Confederation of Labour, which is older than the ruling communist party. Such official unions are “established to control workers, not to represent them,” activist Hoang Dung said. The lack of meaningful representation is counterproductive as it leads to more wildcat strikes, said labour activist Nguyen Ngoc Nhu Quynh. “Workers demonstrate as they cannot negotiate,” she said. Quynh is not optimistic about the TPP, asking: “Who can ensure that the trade union is really independent and will listen to workers' concerns?” The TPP contains a controversial investor-state dispute settlement mechanism which allows companies to take governments to court if they feel their rights are violated. But the deal has no equivalent enforcement mechanism to make sure member states live up to their commitments on labour or the environment. Oxfam’s Andrew Wells-Dang notes that Vietnam has signed up for numerous rights and labour agreements in the past but failed to implement them. The TPP “could contribute to opening up space on labour issues... but what happens if it doesn’t?” he said.
- agribusiness
- http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/07/27/vietnam-agriculture-idUSL3N0Z53GS20150727 Three decades after Vietnam started moving away from a socialist-led farm economy towards manufacturing of big-brand textiles and electronics, some of its top firms are carving out opportunities in its $37 billion agriculture and seafood sector and looking to expand overseas, helped by free trade pacts. "We'll have global food shortages by 2050. If we invest fundamentally and correctly, this market is infinite," said Nguyen Duy Hung, chairman of Vietnam's top brokerage, Saigon Securities Incorp, who has a side business he's expanding into rice, seafood and supermarket produce. Vietnam is among the world's top exporters of rice, coffee, cashew nuts, seafood, pepper and rubber and it shipped $24.5 billion of farm and fisheries produce last year. But the World Bank says the value of its agribusiness is just 1.2 times that of its primary agriculture, compared with 2.7 times in South Korea. And the country still relies on billions of dollars of foodstuff imports. Hence the unlikely interest in food from industrial firms such as steelmaker Hoa Phat Group, which has converted its minerals unit to livestock and animal feed. It has built a new feed plant with annual capacity of 300,000 tonnes, aiming for 1 million tonnes, and wants to be raising a million pigs a year by 2020. "Although this new sector is extremely competitive, just as much as the steel industry, we firmly believe we will be successful," CEO Tran Tuan Duong told shareholders recently. Vietnam's only billionaire, Pham Nhat Vuong of Vingroup , is piling into private schools, hospitals and shopping malls. But his latest move is a little off-piste - a $91 million investment in growing fruit and vegetables. And on the home page of real estate firm Hoang Anh Gia Lai (HAGL), it's grazing cows rather than condominiums that meet the eye: it has just listed a cattle and rubber unit with a market value of $1.1 billion, bigger than the parent.
- Production area: red river delta, mekong river delta
- pepper
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/finance/20160309/00202_026.html 越南其實係全球胡椒最大出產國，當地谷起出口分分鐘睇佢。當地胡椒協會主席Do Ha Nam預計，今年當地胡椒產量會上升10%至14萬噸，而出口量會由舊年13.3萬噸增加至15萬噸，即是升13%！胡椒產量同出口量都多咗，價自然跌，舊年賣緊每噸大概7.4萬港元，價格相信會稍為跌啲。不過越南唔驚喎，事關主席Do話其他對手印度、印尼同馬來西亞咁，因厄爾尼諾現象搞到胡椒減產，全球供應量少咗，所以個價點都有支持喎。
- bank
- banking system
- state-owned commercial banks - vietinbank, BIDV, agribank
- foreign banks - SCB, citibank, hsbc, shinhan
- jsc and private-owned banks
- http://www.economist.com/news/finance-and-economics/21632650-what-spate-arrests-says-about-vietnams-banking-sector-drop-ocean
- financial
- hydropower
- http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-05/14/c_137178339.htm Intermediary online payment service is developing strongly in Vietnam with active participation of foreign players, according to the country's central bank on Monday. To date, 27 intermediary payment service providers such as Alipay, Momo and Payoo have been licensed with majority of them having foreign investments, including those from Chinese conglomerate Alibaba and global investment bank Goldman Sachs, said an official from the State Bank of Vietnam.
- hydropower
- http://www.economist.com/news/asia/21638178-hydro-electric-projects-can-spell-trouble-rural-poor-full-bursting Hydropower has boomed in Vietnam over the past decade and now generates more than a third of the country’s electricity. In 2013 the National Assembly reported that 268 hydropower projects were up and running, with a further 205 projects expected to be generating by 2017. They are helping to meet a national demand for energy that the authorities forecast will treble between 2010 and 2020. Other power sources are less promising, at least in the short run. A plan to build several nuclear reactors by 2030 is behind schedule, for example. And Vietnam’s coal reserves, mostly in the north, are not easy to get at. Yet the hydropower boom comes at a price. Rivers and old-growth forests have been ravaged, and tens of thousands of villagers, often from ethnic minorities, displaced. Many have been resettled on poor ground.
- copper
- taxi
- tu long copper mine
- mentioned in the book TẠP GHI VIỆT SỬ ĐỊA
Trade and Investment environment
- http://www.economist.com/news/business/21688876-foreign-firms-and-investors-are-cheerful-once-more-about-vietnams-prospects-gold-stars
- ft 24jun19 vietnam reaps reward of US tariffs on china
- market economy status
- http://www.economist.com/news/asia/21678807-questions-remain-about-vietnams-commitment-economic-reform-crying-over-cheap-milk Vietnam is an eager member of TPP and expects to reap an economic windfall if Congress approves the pact. But it is still asking America and the European Union to drop their designation of the country as a “non-market” economy before 2018, when it is due to expire. A switch to a “market-economy” designation would help Vietnamese firms fight anti-dumping lawsuits. Vietnam has already secured market-economy status with other countries. Yet a statue of Lenin stands tall in Hanoi, and economic planners in the ruling Communist Party still have plenty of Soviet impulses. They draft five-year plans, the next of which will be hammered out at a Communist Party Congress in early 2016. And it is not just baby-formula prices they have sought to control. Since 2002 they have rolled out laws to cap the price of basic goods like petrol, rice and sugar. Such controls initially just applied to state-owned enterprises, but they increasingly regulate private and foreign competitors, too. The milk law appeared last year after a handful of multinational formula companies were accused by the state-controlled press of price fixing (on flimsy evidence). It may have been designed to hurt foreign firms and benefit their domestic competitors, such as Vinamilk, a dairy giant in which the state owns a 45% stake. Yet the law also affected Vinamilk, and some think it may just reflect old-fashioned thinking about the government’s role in the marketplace. Whatever the reason, foreign firms and embassies are furious. Last year Nguyen Tan Dung, the prime minister, is said to have assured America’s commerce secretary, Penny Pritzker, that the law was temporary. But this spring it was extended until the end of 2016.
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/finance/20160111/00202_018.html 外媒報道稱，全球智能手機市佔率第一的南韓三星電子完全看好越南，目前三星已有一半以上的智能手機在越南生產。該公司剛又投資30億美元在越南建設第二家智能手機工廠，並計劃進一步減少在中國的生產。另據德國《每日鏡報》報道，美國晶片製造商英特爾也增加在越南的晶片生產，台灣的富士康、南韓的LG也同樣如此。這個東南亞國家作為世界電子生產車間的受歡迎程度愈來愈高。資料顯示，中國的平均最低工資水平是越南的兩倍多。分析已經在談論工業遷徙的第三個浪潮：上世紀七十年代，人力密集型製造業從日本轉移到新加坡、台灣地區和南韓；九十年代轉移到中國；現在則轉移到南亞和東南亞國家。德國工商總會駐越南代表處首席代表瓦爾德表示，外商將廠房由中國遷往越南關鍵在於可靠性。他說，履約的可靠性、細節的準確性──與其他國家不同，在越南不存在這方面的問題。他舉例稱，想要五萬件T恤的人，在中國可以找到很好的產品，若想要五千件婚紗，兼且出自耐心及具靈巧手藝的工人，最好就去越南。渣打銀行去年春季曾經對考慮外遷的在華製造商進行調查，詢問搬遷意向，結果36%表示會考慮越南，這個數字遠遠領先於考慮柬埔寨比例（25%）。調查指出，當中國在生產鏈向上移動時，越南可能是最大受益者之一。
- http://www.itpc.gov.vn/investors/how_to_invest/law/Decree_No.118_2015/mldocument_view/?set_language=en
- state general corporations (SGC)
- piloted in 1990s
- state economic groups (SEG)
- piloted in after 2000
- [vasavakul] in the wake of vietnam's accession to WTO, leaders have consolidated existing SGCs into highly diversified SEGs. By 2011, 13 had been created. Poorly managed SEGs - vietnam ship building industry group (vinashin), petrovietnam
- forms
- business co-operation contract (BCC)
- public and private partnership contracts (PPP)
- representative office
- branch
- tax
- Vietnam has a specific foreign contractor tax (FCT). The rules describe the tax obligations of foreign entities and individuals who do business in or receive income from Vietnam. FCT legislation has been developed and amended from time to time since it was issued in 1995. The current FCT regime dates from 2014. It clarifies previous ambiguities and introduces new tax rules. For an entity, the FCT is comprised of two parts: Corporate Income Tax (CIT) and Value Added Tax (VAT). The Law on Corporate Income Tax (LCIT) and the Law on Value Added Tax (LVAT) and both form an intricate part of the FCT regime. The government has also issued several circulars to implement and explain these laws. For foreign contractors, Circular 103/2014/TT-BTC on foreign contractor tax (Circular 103) is the most important and amended FCT legislation. Circular 103 took its effect on October 1, 2014.http://vietnamlawmagazine.vn/foreign-contractor-tax-in-vietnam-5160.html
- http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/342226fc-d2e1-11e4-b7a8-00144feab7de.html Vietnam’s embrace of global capitalism stretched to the opening of its first McDonald’s last year and now the communist country stands on the verge of another symbolic shift: allowing the foreign ownership of property. In the lead-up to the 40th anniversary of the final US retreat from South Vietnam on April 30, Hanoi wants to tap a southeast Asian property boom fuelled by incoming elites from the region and beyond. The opening up of ownership will be a key test of outside appetite for a market that has attractions but is still only nosing towards recovery after a rocky few years.
- Le Quang Trung, deputy chief of employment department under the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs, said the government should issue new policies to protect local jobs. Many Vietnamese workers will not be able to compete with foreign peers who have better skills, once the local job market is opened for all ASEAN citizens. Vietnam's existing laws require foreigners to have a university degree and be licensed to work here, but such requirements will not be enough, Trung said. Even though the prospect of a common ASEAN market is not yet clear and the idea of economic unity among ten member states remains more or less an idea, officials like Trung believe the country should come prepared. Thai Phuc Thanh, deputy chief of the ministry's department of social insurance, suggested that the government should consider setting up barriers such as demanding foreign workers have Vietnamese language competency. Deputy Minister Doan Mau Diep said the government can change policies on labor market so they can give Vietnamese laborers advantages, including a priority access to information about job vacancies.http://www.thanhniennews.com/business/as-asean-takes-symbolic-step-toward-unity-vietnam-officials-want-new-labor-barriers-58145.html
- http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/cndy/2017-02/28/content_28370933.htm The southern Binh Duong province is the first Vietnamese locality to have sold low-cost apartments at a price of 100 million Vietnamese dong for a 30-square-meter unit. On Jan 25, the Vietnamese prime minister issued an instruction to accelerate social housing development. Binh Duong has a population of some 2 million people, with 52 percent being immigrants, which is the highest immigrant rate in Vietnam. Most of the immigrants work in industrial parks. Therefore, the provincial authorities have prioritized social housing development. Binh Duong currently has 85 social housing projects, including 43 developed by the local company Becamex. There are 70,000 apartments covering a total area of 3.1 million square meters, according to the provincial construction department. Currently, the total social housing area in Binh Duong stands at 761,000 square meters with 16,900 apartments built, which meets around 17 percent of demand for low-income earners.
- 國泰君安國際投資諮詢部董事黃博（小 圖）接受《大公報》專訪時表示，目前越南政府大 力推動國企私有化進程，其歷史意義相當於2005年 的中國股改（上市公司股權分置改革），預計此舉 將為越南股市帶來巨大機遇與套利空間。http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20191202/PDF/a19_screen.pdf
- ecommerce
- http://economists-pick-research.hktdc.com/business-news/article/Regulatory-Alert-Asia/VIETNAM-Government-Launches-E-Commerce-Monitoring-and-Reporting-Websites/raasean/en/1/1X34B7KV/1X0AJMGQ.htm The Ministry of Industry and Trade (MOIT) has launched separate websites designed to help tackle two common e-commerce-related concerns – illicit and suspect transactions and unsatisfactory purchase disputes – as well as a site for reporting general e-commerce problems. Of the three, only the third comes with an English language option.The launch of the sites forms part of the MOIT’s ongoing clampdown on the online trade in counterfeit goods and any related intellectual property (IP) violations. Their introduction is in line with an initiative launched in October last year to tackle the problem of online vendors trading in illicit goods in a number of sectors, notably cosmetics, jewellery, nutritional supplements, apparel, footwear and alcohol. As well as facilitating the reporting of problems, the new sites are also intended to optimise information sharing between the various government agencies responsible for monitoring e-commerce activity, as well as those responsible for combatting counterfeit/illegally imported goods and IP violations. These include the Department of Electronic Commerce and Digital Economy, the General Department of Market Management, the Department of Competition and the Consumer Protection Department.
- social media
- Vietnam is pressing high-profile multinationals to stop advertising on YouTube, Facebook and other sites in an aggressive effort to force digital media companies to censor political content.https://www.ft.com/content/853db6f2-0ae1-11e7-97d1-5e720a26771b
- Vietnamese legislators approved a cybersecurity law on Tuesday that tightens control of the internet and global tech companies operating in the Communist-led country, raising fears of economic harm and a further crackdown on dissent.https://www.reuters.com/article/us-vietnam-socialmedia/vietnam-lawmakers-approve-cyber-law-tighten-rules-on-google-facebook-idUSKBN1J80AE
- payment solutions
- https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/southeast-asia/article/2167999/vietnam-enforce-tough-new-cybersecurity-law-would-require
- Vietnam risks stumbling in its goal of becoming a cashless society as central bank regulations constrain the spread of digital transactions. Investment is pouring into the sector and plenty of cash is being burned, as companies spend aggressively to gain market share. But the State Bank of Vietnam will have to relax its stance if the takeup of digital payments is not to be disrupted by tighter rules on e-wallets. FT Confidential Research's most recent survey of urban consumers found 46 percent use cash exclusively when making transactions. This may suggest the government is on track to meet a 2020 goal of reducing cash-based transactions of urban households to 50 percent. However, Vietnam is a clear laggard in the adoption of cashless payments within the ASEAN 5, and is likely to remain so unless regulations are relaxed. https://asia.nikkei.com/Editor-s-Picks/FT-Confidential-Research/Red-tape-holds-Vietnam-back-in-digital-payments
- The Ministry of Finance on Tuesday proposed levying a special consumption tax on a range of sweetened beverages. If approved, the proposal would see the tax imposed on carbonated and non-carbonated soft drinks, energy drinks, sports drinks and bottled instant coffee and tea. The ministry has suggested either a 10 percent or a 20 percent rate for the new sugary drink tax to be applied from 2019, with 10 percent being the preferred option. “The tax will help regulate the consumption of sweetened beverages, and it's also an international norm,” the proposal said.http://e.vnexpress.net/news/business/vietnam-chews-over-special-consumption-tax-on-sugary-drinks-3627913.html
- https://www.ttb.gov/itd/vietnam.shtml labelling reqirements
- automobile
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20160822/00180_028.html 越南盛產咖啡，這些從泥土中冒出來的「黑色黃金」卻未能為農民帶來穩定的生活，近日便有咖啡農要求政府提供補貼，讓他們在外國對手的強大競爭下，殺出一道活路。
- Vietnam is expected to face a 200,000 tonne shortage of pork in the coming months, said the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD), which has proposed the government allow more pork imports to replenish the inadequate supply.https://en.nhandan.com.vn/business/item/8182502-vietnam-to-allow-pork-imports-to-ease-domestic-shortage.html
- gambling
- http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asiapacific/vietnam-legalises-betting-on-football-racing/3492512.html
- situation after riot in May 2014 hkej 15dec14 a4 hkej 16dec14 a11
- http://emerging-markets-research.hktdc.com/business-news/article/Asia/Vietnam-an-Alternative-Production-Base-2015-Update/rp/en/1/1X4UWAX9/1X0A159C.htm
politics
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20170510/00192_001.html 越共中央日前宣布，胡志明市市委書記丁羅升涉嫌腐敗，免除其越共中央政治局委員的職務。這場反腐風暴其實是越共政治鬥爭的折射，以前總理阮晉勇為代表的南方派，在黨內將面臨全面壓制。據報道，根據越共中央檢查委員會對越南國家油氣集團今年四月的調查，丁羅升在二○○九年至二○一一年擔任越南國家油氣集團黨委書記期間涉嫌嚴重違紀。這顯然是陳年老帳，但時至今日才揭發出來，顯示越南政壇的暗戰是何等的激烈。越南政壇歷來有南北兩派之分，南方派以前總理阮晉勇為代表，其大本營是胡志明市，而北方派則以現任越共總書記阮富仲為代表，大本營 在河內。南方派以經濟幹部為主，立場開放，向美國靠攏，阮晉勇甚至一度表示脫離越共；而北方派則以意識形態幹部為主，立場傳統。這兩派勢力過去十多年來一 直明爭暗鬥，掀起一輪又一輪波瀾。在去年初的越共全國代表大會之前，阮晉勇有意競選越共總書記之位，但遭到北方派的強力抵制，最後阮晉勇被迫退休，但作為補償，南方派陣營的新星丁羅 升當選胡志明市市委書記，而且南方派在政府的關鍵崗位上也佔了不少席位。當時的黨代會，越共並沒有完成世代交接，人事布局是一個妥協班底。也正因為此，越共內部的政治鬥爭仍然暗潮湧動。不過，由於北方派掌握了紀檢大權，可以藉此對南方派進行反腐調整。南方派的經濟官員，長期掌握國企和胡志明市政權，自然而然腐敗嚴重，北方派以反腐為名整肅南方派，可謂光明正大。丁羅升今次被免職，只是北方派對南方派整肅的開始，接下來勢必有更多的阮晉勇門徒、親屬被調查，層層剝離之後，阮晉勇也將是泥菩薩 過江自身難保，就像中國的周永康一樣。一旦阮晉勇被連根拔除，越共總書記阮富仲將完成使命，將總書記之位交給現任中央書記處常務書記丁世兄之後，正式退出 舞台。越共與中共一樣，山頭與派系政治的存在是常態，南方派雖然遭遇打擊，但今後不排除有其他派系崛起。
- 眾所周知，越南政壇一直有「四駕馬車」，即總書記、政府總理、國家主席、國會主席並駕齊驅之稱，表面上是黨內民主，實際上是四龍治水，各管一攤，誰也不服誰，四位大老為了爭奪權力，從上到下不斷培養自己的勢力，導致越共內部四分五裂。尤其是阮晉勇擔任總理時，居然向越共中央叫板，威脅若不同意其人事方案，他將離開越共另組新黨。越共這個亂象嚴重威脅到其執政地位，因此越共內部逐漸形成共識，需要打壓以黨內民主為由進行爭權奪利的行為，進一步加強中央集權。而針對丁羅升的審判，既是呼應民眾的反腐訴求，也是對黨內的立威之舉，通過殺一儆百，讓地方家族豪強、大企業勢力乃至軍方等各政治山頭心存忌憚。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20180114/00192_001.html
People
- Nong Zhigao (modern Zhuang language: Nungz Ciqgaoh; 儂智高; pinyin: Nóng Zhìgāo, Vietnamese: Nùng Trí Cao) (1025—1055?) is a hero admired by the Nùng people of Vietnam, and Zhuang people of China. His father was the head of local Zhuang people in Vietnam.
- Ngô Đình Diệm (3 January 1901 – 2 November 1963) was a South Vietnamese politician. A former mandarin of the Nguyễn dynasty, he was named Prime Minister of the State of Vietnam by Head of State Bảo Đại in 1954. In October 1955, after winning aheavily rigged referendum, he deposed Bảo Đại and established the first Republic of Vietnam (RVN), with himself as president. In November 1963, after constant religious protests and non-violent resistances, Diệm was assassinated, along with his brother, Ngô Đình Nhu, by Nguyễn Văn Nhung, the aide of the leader of The Army of Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) General Dương Văn Minh during a coup d’état sanctioned by the US. The assassination led to the end of the US-Diệm alliance and the collapse of his regime as well as the first Republic of Vietnam. Diệm has been a controversial historical figure in historiography on Vietnam War scholarship. Some historians portrayed him as a tool of the US policymakers, some considered him as an avatar of Vietnamese tradition. Nevertheless, some recent studies have portrayed Diệm from a more Vietnamese-centered perspective as a competent leader with his own vision on nation building and modernization of South Vietnam.
- french-educated aristocrat and ardent anti-communist catholic
- 洪水早年赴法国留学，与胡志明相识。1924年，响应胡志明的号召，前往中国广州，进入黄埔军校第四期学习。其间加入中国共产党和越南共产党。1927年12月11日，洪水参加了广州暴动，失败后随聂荣臻、叶剑英逃往香港，后又前往泰国追随胡志明。1928年，他受胡志明指派，回到中国，在东江游击队任职。1930年4月，洪水调往红十二军。1932年10月前往中央苏区，任工农剧社社长。1934年，洪水以京族身份当选为中华苏维埃共和国中央执行委员会委员。不久，因追随毛泽东，与博古等发生矛盾，被开除出党。长征开始后，洪水作为陈赓干部团成员参加。遵义会议后，恢复党籍。红一方面军和红四方面军会师后，洪水随中共中央军委被派往张国焘控制的左路军。由于洪水反对张国焘的南下主张，再次被开除党籍。1936年初，洪水所在部队溃散，他只身一人历尽艰险抵达延安。抗日战争开始后，洪水初期在山西负责发动民众，后调往晋察冀边区任《抗敌报》第一任社长。抗战胜利后，胡志明在越南发动八月革命，由于军事人员紧缺，中共派洪水等军事干部前往支援。1948年，他以阮山之名获得越南军队当时的最高军衔——少将。不久，由于他的中国背景，引起了很多人的不满，胡志明不得不将其于1950年秘密送回中国。1955年，洪水被授予中国人民解放军少将军衔。次年，因患有胃癌，回国休养。10月21日，在河内逝世。
- http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20171110/PDF/a10_screen.pdf
- 黎德英 Lê Đức Anh (1 December 1920[1] – 22 April 2019)[2] was a Vietnamese politician and general who served as the fourth President of Vietnam from 1992 to 1997. He previously led the Vietnamese forces in Cambodia throughout the 1980s. He was regarded as a conservative[3] who advocated maintaining tight party control over domestic policies.Lê Đức Anh was born in Phú Lộc District in Thừa Thiên–Huế Province. In August 1945, he joined the army. From October 1948 to 1950, he was chief of staff of the 7th Military Region, 8th Military Region and administrative region of Sai Gon–Cho Lon. From 1951 to 1954, served as Deputy Chief of Staff, acting Chief of Staff of Cochinchina. From August 1963, he served as Deputy Chief of General Staff of the Vietnam People's Army. February 1964, to the South Vietnam, position of Deputy Commander and Chief of Staff of the People's Liberation Armed Force (Vietcong).
- 武文傑 Võ Văn Kiệt (Vietnamese: [vɔ̌ˀ vaŋ kîək]; 23 November 1922 – 11 June 2008[1]) was a Vietnamese politician who served as the Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam from 1991 to 1997. He was a well regarded Vietnamese revolutionary and political leader.[2] He was a revolutionary veteran fighter in the long war against the French colonialists and then South Vietnamese and American forces in South Vietnam during the Vietnam War. In the difficult years following the war, he was one of the most prominent political leaders that led the innovation (Đổi mới) policy in Vietnam. He served as Prime Minister of Vietnam from 8 August 1991 to 25 September 1997, the period experienced the communist nation's return to the world arena after decades of war and isolation.Võ Văn Kiệt was born Phan Văn Hòa in 1922 into a peasant family in Trung Hiệp village, Vũng Liêm district, Vĩnh Long province in the Mekong Delta in southern Vietnam, then a part of Cochinchina in what was called French Indochina.[3] His birth name was Phan Văn Hòa and he changed it to Võ Văn Kiệt when he was admitted to the Indochinese Communist Party in 1939. He also had a pseudonym, Sáu Dân. He joined the Anti-imperialist Youth Movement and took part in the Nam Kỳ (Cochinchina) insurrection in Vũng Liêm district.
- Phan Văn Khải ( 25 December 1933 – 17 March 2018) was a Vietnamese politician who served as the fifth Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnamfrom 25 September 1997 to 27 June 2006.Phan Văn Khải was born on 25 December 1933 near Saigon in French Indochina. Already during his youth he worked in revolutionary organizations. After the end of the first Indochina War and the subsequent partition of the country, Pham Van Khai took the opportunity to emigrate to North Vietnam. Phan Văn Khải joined the revolution in 1947 and became member of the Communist Party of Vietnam on 15 July 1959. From 1954 to 1959, he studied and worked on land reform in North Vietnam, he then studied languages, at the University of Economics in Moscow Soviet Union, until 1965. After the war Phan Văn Khải was temporarily mayor of Ho Chi Minh City. From September 24, 1997 to June 24, 2006, he served as Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. He became the first Prime Minister of Vietnam to visit United States, meeting with President George W. Bush. On June 24, 2006, he announced his resignation, along with President Trần Đức Lương. In the period from 15 December 1998 to 5 November 2001 he also served as chairman of ASEAN.
- 政府透過網站公布潘文凱死訊，潘文凱一九九七年至二○○六年間擔任總理，參與○○年與美國簽訂雙邊貿易協議，及○六年越南加入世界貿易組織。他亦參與設立商業法，令私人商業發展蓬勃，被視為越南其中一位最具改革思想的領導人。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20180319/00180_009.html
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20180922/00180_011.html 越南國家主席陳大光突然逝世，其職務由國家副主席鄧氏玉盛暫代，直至下月國會選出新任國家主席。陳大光的形象一向強勢，長期負責對華事務。但越南本年有九十七名異見者在囚、逾百人被拘留。有人權組織曾抨擊陳大光打壓異己，剝奪言論自由。被譽為中國通的陳大光精通中文，為了緩解南海爭議所導致的中越緊張關係，陳大光曾多次叫停越方在南海的石油鑽探工程。然而，為了吸引外國資金，越南政府曾計劃設立經濟特區，引起民眾對租借土地予華企的憂慮，計劃最終在民眾的示威反對下擱置。
- 邓氏玉盛（越南語：Đặng Thị Ngọc Thịnh，1959年12月25日－），越南广南省人，女性政治人物，2016年4月8日起为越南国会选举为任越南社会主义共和国副主席，得票450票，得票率91.09%[1]。2018年9月21日，因越南国家主席陈大光突然逝世，邓氏玉盛临时代理国家主席一职。曾任永隆省省委书记及越南妇女联协副主席，是第11届及第13届国会代表[2]。Đặng Thị Ngọc Thịnh (born 25 December 1959) is a Vietnamese politician who is currently serving as Acting President of Vietnam after the death of President Trần Đại Quang on 21 September 2018. Thịnh is the first woman in Vietnamese history to become President of Vietnam. She is the first female head of state in a communist country since Sabine Bergmann-Pohl of East Germany.
- Đinh La Thăng (10 April 1960) is a Vietnamese politician who is the Secretary of the Ho Chi Minh city Party Committee, a post he has held since 6 February 2016. He was born in 1960 in Yên Bình Commune, Ý Yên District, Nam Định Province. He is a member of the 10th and 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam. He was a member of the 12th Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam. He is also a member of National Assembly of Vietnam of the XI and XIIIth session. Before becoming the Minister of Transport, he was the Chairman of the Board of Petrovietnam, the national oil and gas company; Deputy Secretary of Provincial Communist Party of Thừa Thiên–Huế Province (November 2003-December 2005); Chairman of Song Da Corporation (April 2001-October 2003). Đinh La Thăng was relieved from his position in the Politburo on 7 May 2017. Đinh La Thăng graduated from the Academy of Finance in Hanoi.
- The party’s inspection committee said in April that Thang had permitted an investment in the private Ocean Bank that exceeded regulations, causing “very serious losses to PetroVietnam.”He also was found responsible for a lack of oversight over four major projects, resulting in their suspension and financial losses. Hiep, the research fellow, said Thang is close to former Prime Minister Nguyen Tan Dung, so his removal could be seen as a move to purge Dung’s cronies. His removal would also facilitate the investigation into his wrongdoing at PetroVietnam as well as possible problems at the Ministry of Transport. He was known during his tenure there for sacking ministry officials for wrongdoing. Thang had been elected to the 19-member Politburo early last year. He remains a member of the 180-member Party Central Committee, but his position as party chief of Ho Chi Minh City is likely to end, since it requires a Politburo membership. It is also not the first time PetroVietnam has come under scrutiny. Last year four senior employees at a construction subsidiary of the firm were prosecuted for mismanagement that allegedly cost the company $150 million. http://www.scmp.com/news/asia/southeast-asia/article/2093403/vietnam-politburo-member-sacked-over-serious-mistakes-when
- Phạm Nhật Vượng (born 1968 in Hanoi) is a Vietnamese property developer and Vietnam's first billionaire. Vương was born in 1968 in Hanoi while his paternal family has origin in Ha Tinh province in central Vietnam.[4] He grew up in Hanoi and graduated from Kim Lien High School in 1985.[5] In 1987, he entered Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, and had been sent to Russia to study in the Moscow Geological Prospecting Institute. He graduated from this university in 1992.[2] After graduating, he got married to Phạm Thu Hương then moved to Kharkiv, Ukraine. In 1993, he developed Technocom, a market leader in dehydrated culinary products in Ukraine,[6] which he sold to Nestle for $150 million in 2009, before returning to Vietnam. Vuong's first projects in Vietnam were Vinpearl Resort Nha Trang, opened in 2003 and Vincom City Towers (later renamed Vincom Ba Trieu) in central Hanoi, opened in 2004. Vincom went public in 2007. It merged with Vinpearl, Vuong's luxury resort business, to form VinGroup in 2007. VinGroup is headquartered in its Riverside township in Long Biên District in Eastern Hanoi.
- other versions of wikipedia only russian, ukrainian and vietnamese
- http://www.chinadailyasia.com/people/2015-03/20/content_15241556.html The fall of Saigon (now called Ho Chi Minh City) on April 30, 1975 was a watershed moment in Vietnam’s modern history followed by reunification of the north and south. However, this challenge of nation-building brought out the best in many, such as Vinh Le Quoc, a pioneer of Vietnam’s media industry. Vinh, who has run several publishing ventures in partnership with the government since the 1990s, grew up in the tumultuous years of the Vietnam War. He inherited his passion for the industry from his father, who worked on a state-run publication.
- Trần Anh Hùng (born December 23, 1962) is a Vietnamese-born French film director.Trần was born in Đà Nẵng, Central Vietnam, and immigrated to France when he was 12 following the fall of Saigon at the end of the Vietnam War in 1975.Trần's Oscar-nominated debut (for Best foreign film) was The Scent of Green Papaya (1993), which also won two top prizes at the Cannes Film Festival. His follow-up Cyclo (1995, which featured top Hong Kong movie star Tony Leung Chiu Wai, also won a top prize at the Venice International Film Festival. The Vertical Ray of the Sun, released in 2000, was the third film in his "Vietnam trilogy."
- 朱立基
- http://eastweek.my-magazine.me/main/7155 爭論半年的天匯買賣終於塵埃落定，本刊獲悉，恒基（0012）採「不延期、不減價、定照殺」三大原則跟買家談判，結果部分單位得以成交，部分以撻定告終。幕後大買家朱立基亦於上周返回越南，本刊經過連日追蹤，最終得與朱立基碰面。本刊獲悉，除在香港狂掃豪宅外，朱立基在越南擁有價值數以十億計土地，一心想在香港實現他的百億上市鴻圖大計，要將旗艦公司萬盛發變成為香港首家上市的越南地產企業。這名低調富豪在香港出生，憑妻子張美蘭在越南的人脈建立事業王國，本刊經過深入追訪，終揭開他的神秘面紗。
- http://www.vnzww.com/stories/2015/49.html 朱立基是有名的越南富商，但其实他是土生土长的香港人，小时候父亲朱镇康在上环东边街开设「铭昌号」卖干货，一家人住在东边街唐楼，并在天台晒咸鱼，街坊都得悉，朱家的儿子在越南发达，原来朱父早年自学英文，朱立基早年到过德国留学，并在香港一间代理德国啤酒的公司打工。八十年代末，朱立基被调到越南胡志明市拓展啤酒生意，当时在胡志明市经营银庭酒楼的张美兰因跟朱立基进货而认识，后来与之结婚成为夫妻。张美兰与越南官员稔熟，与五名政府官员和商人为结拜兄妹，她就排名第三。九十年代初她跟几个朋友，与越南旅游局旗下的物资公司合作进口灯饰、酒店设备，但当时越南仍受到美国禁运，张美兰的生意蚀大本。约于九三年朱立基与张美兰成立万盛发，眼见外资开始涌入胡志明市投资，于是陆续开设两家餐厅，到九五年再投资开设一家只有六十四间房的小型酒店，名为温莎西贡酒店，但生意经营失败，并且欠债累累，后来得一朋友借钱事业才起死回生。后来才升任为越南清查局（相等于香港廉政公署）副局长、与张美兰属结拜姐妹的阮氏玉莲指：「令张美兰起死回生的是一名叫胡丹的香港籍越南华人，是由我介绍给张美兰认识的，胡丹认识不少官员，并介绍印尼华侨熊德龙予他们认识，熊德龙后来借了六百万美元给她。」本周二，记者找到胡丹，她说：「我是冤枉的，每次提起都好伤心。」熊德龙被称为中国在美的间谍，小时在印度尼西亚由当地华侨收养，八十年代初移民美国，成为亲中共的侨领。他除了是云南香烟红塔山的代理，九十年代中还从台湾人手上收购了美国的华文报纸《国际日报》，更是《人民日报海外 版》及《文汇报》美洲版的发行代理。有指他九十年代因涉及军火走私案及克林顿时期政治献金案，遭美国司法部搜捕而返回中国大陆，至今不敢回美国。○二年张美兰委请熊德龙以六百万美元入股其公司的五星级温莎酒店连安东商场项目，以及服务式住宅 Sherwood。然而之后熊经多次交涉，张美兰仍未将两个项目的部分股份，经正式手续转名予他。熊德龙最后在大怒之下决定撤资，要张美兰还钱，案件最后闹上法庭。当时张美兰指该六百万美金，已交予好友胡丹代为还给熊德龙，由于胡丹否认此事，张美兰于是状告胡丹私自挪用款项，令胡丹坐监八个月，最后双方庭外和解，事件不了了之。阮氏玉莲称：「张美兰平步青云完全靠借到六百万美元，她的事业是她自己一手奋斗出来的，老公不是本地人，争取不到的！」现时万盛发在市中心Dong Khoi的地皮，位处市政厅附近及地标新华大厦对出，是市内绝无仅有的靓地。这个地盘过去数年因政府政策改变，令万盛发多次更改土地用途，及后○八年越南出现经济危机，再令地皮一直丢空。其实早在○七年时，朱立基曾一度将地皮项目以廿六亿元卖予香港上市公司润迅通讯，以换取三成润迅控股权，可惜后来合作计划因润迅管理层卷入廉署官非而告吹。
- Singtao 24jul16 feature page on 朱's daughter
national flag
- https://www.quora.com/What-country-s-flag-is-the-most-controversial
Privatisation
- http://www.economist.com/news/business/21708713-vinamilk-one-attractive-firms-sale-vietnams-government-cream-crop
special economic zones
- lao bao commercial zone in quang tri province http://bqlkkt.quangtri.gov.vn/en/about/
- 越南政府擬在北部、中部及南部的三個省設立經濟特區，並容許外商租借土地長達九十九年，惹來大批民眾擔心經濟特區會被中國企業控制。全國多地周日有人示威表達不滿，部分示威者向政府建築物及警員掟石，當局昨日證實共拘捕了一百零二人。
http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20180612/00178_005.html
Ict infrastructure
- AAG is a 20,000-km (12,000 mile) long submarine communication cable system, connecting Southeast Asia with the US across the Pacific Ocean. The cable, installed in 2009, is capable of delivering up to 2.88 Tbit/s. It cost US$500 for 19 partners, including Vietnam’s FPT Telecom, Viettel, VNPT, and SPT. It was damaged twice this year and five times in the previous two years. Vietnam is connected to four international Internet cable systems, with AAG bearing the heaviest load.http://www.thanhniennews.com/tech/vietnam-internet-cable-ruptures-repairs-delayed-by-hong-kong-typhoon-64879.html
garbage
- https://www.quora.com/Why-is-Vietnam-so-dirty
Religion
- buddhism
- http://www.the-japan-news.com/news/article/0005626550 Vietnamese authorities have ordered monks at a popular Buddhist pagoda to stop “soul summoning” and “bad karma eviction” ceremonies after an investigation found the rituals were a scam. Tens of thousands of worshippers have been paying the 18th century Ba Vang pagoda in northern Quang Ninh province between 1 million and several hundred million Vietnam dong ($45-$13,500) to have their bad karma vanquished, according to the state-run Lao Dong (Labor) newspaper. The Committee for Religious Affairs, a government body, issued a statement Friday on its website saying “the ritual goes against Buddhist philosophy and violates Vietnam’s law on religion and folk beliefs.” “It has a negative impact on social order and security,” it added. Monks at the pagoda teach that all illnesses and misfortune result from bad deeds in previous lives. Three times a month, they hold a two-day ceremony to “summon wandering souls” and “remove bad karma,” demanding donations, supposedly representing good deeds, to help cure bad karma and make up for supposed bad deeds in previous lives.
- [vasavakul] in 1990s, a coalition of professional associations, research organisations, and local communities, with support from a senior VCP member, joined forces to remove the ministry of culture's restrictions on cultural practices related to the veneration of vietnam's holy mother, practices later recognised by UNESCO as an intangible world cultural heritage.
- Caodaism (Vietnamese: Đạo Cao Đài, Chữ nôm: 道高臺) is a monotheistic religion officially established in the city ofTây Ninh in southern Vietnam in 1926. The full name of the religion is 'Đại Đạo Tam Kỳ Phổ Độ (The Great Faith [for the] Third Universal Redemption). In the nineteenth century, Spiritism re-awoke the religious life of Europe. The likes of Madam Blavatsky, Allan Kardec and Victor Hugo championed new religious possibilities. In Vietnam, the age-old traditions of Asian divination and mediumship began to mix with the new traditions of European Spiritism. To highlight this objective of unity, there is a representation of the Divie Covenant of The Third Amnesty (The Third Alliance) inside every Cao Đài Temple. This Covenant between Heaven and Earth is written and presented to humanity by the Venerable Saints - Victor Hugo,Sun Yat Sen and Trạng Trình Nguyễn Bỉnh Khiêm. Their mission is said to guide humanity into the way of the Third Amnesty. The Covenant is written in French: "Dieu et Humanité Amour et Justice; and in Chinese: Tian Shang Tian Xia Bo Ai Gong Ping. This translates into English as: "God and Humanity [for] Love and Justice."
- note the "eye" and "triangle" in its symbol
- has church in tay ninh and dallas
- hkej 29sep17 shum article
vietnamese (language)
- tones
- https://www.quora.com/When-did-Vietnamese-start-having-tones
- http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20170912/PDF/a22_screen.pdf 汉字在西汉末年传入越南，逐步扩大影响。20世纪前，越南通用的文字是汉字，惟1591年传教士Alexandre de Rhode以拉丁字母设计出新的越南文，是依据拼写原则整合而成，沿用至今。
- https://www.quora.com/Was-Chu-Nom-the-ancient-Vietnamese-language-a-whole-separate-language-or-was-it-the-same-speaking-language-with-different-literary-characters/answer/Xinyang-Li-13 Chữ Hán Nôm, is a writing system consisting of Chữ Hán (Chinese characters) and Chữ Nôm (local characters). Chữ Hán is used to write sino-Vietnamese words while Chữ Nôm writes innate Vietnamese words (từ thuần Việt 詞純越). Chữ Hán Nôm has always been used to record Vietnamese, the same language that Chữ quốc ngữ (the word of national language of Vietnam, the modern Vietnamese writing system) represents.
- latin script
- Like every educated European in the 17th century, you, Alexandre de Rhodes, know your Latin, and even if you don’t know your Greek in the original script, you certainly know the Latin transliteration of Greek. Which means you have had it drilled into you that <ch, ph, th> are the three digraphs of Latin, corresponding to single Greek phonemes: /kʰ pʰ tʰ/ in Ancient Greek, /x f θ/ in Modern Greek (and, at least for <ph> if not the other two, in most European languages). Vietnamese has a /c/ phoneme. You don’t transliterate it with <c>, because you’re already using that for /k/, and you’re not familiar with the IPA. You transliterate it with <ch>, because it’s the next best thing to <c>, and /c/ is not a million miles away from the /ʃ/ pronunciation of <ch> in French, or the /tʃ/ pronunciation of <ch> in Spanish and English. Vietnamese has a /tʰ/ phoneme. You transliterate it, obviously enough, with <th>. And now, you’ve got Greek on the brain, because you’ve been reminded of the Ancient Greek pronunciation of <θ> (Latin <th>). So your Vietnamese has a <ch>, and it has a very Hellenic <th>. All you need now is a <ph>, to complete the Hellenic set. Vietnamese has a /f/ phoneme.the real reason was that Vietnamese <ph> was actually pronounced as /pʰ/ in the Vietnamese of Hanoi of 1651, and ended up later being pronounced as /f/ through the same phonological process whereby Greek <ph> ended up pronounced as /f/.https://www.quora.com/Why-did-Alexandre-de-Rhodes-favor-ph-over-f-for-the-f-sound-when-codifying-the-Latin-Vietnamese-script
- Vietnamese sacrificed a huge chunk of its rich vocabulary when it adopted Latin alphabets. While yes, Vietnamese is still understandable without Sinographic script, but that’s solely because modern Vietnamese is no longer as semantically rich as it was (aka one sound has tons of different meanings). It is now phonetically rich (aka different meanings has different sounds).https://www.quora.com/How-did-the-Vietnamese-manage-to-use-the-Latin-alphabet-despite-sharing-the-tonal-features-like-Mandarin-Are-there-not-many-words-with-same-tone-but-different-meaning-in-Vietnamese
- https://www.quora.com/Why-does-the-Vietnamese-alphabet-have-so-many-diacritics
- *******https://www.quora.com/How-common-are-polysemic-words-among-Vietnamese-words-of-Chinese-origin-Why-is-it-that-way One example of single-syllable polysemic word I can think of is minh, which can be 明 (bright) or 冥 (dark). However, this isn't also much of a problem. Minh meaning 冥 is never used by itself, and always in pair as 幽冥, whereas the meaning of 明 is more widespread. So Vietnamese just need to learn the meaning of u minh 幽冥, and not by itself. Besides, we have other words for the meaning of “dark.” Another polysemic example is probably bác sĩ 博士, which can mean medical doctor and doctorate (just like English). But that's not the fault of homonyms, but rather the original Chinese character already has polysemic characteristic.
- kiet
- https://www.quora.com/How-do-you-pronounce-the-Vietnamese-name-Kiet
- https://www.quora.com/What-word-has-the-weirdest-etymology Vietnamese and Khmer do have a normal sort of reduplication. In Vietnamese, “gentle” is nhẹ, but “very gentle” is nhẹ nhẹ; Khmer reduplicates words so often that its alphabet has a special character, ៗ, to indicate that the previous word was reduplicated. Those kinds of reduplication are normal and expected and obey all the rules that reduplication does in other languages. But there’s another kind of reduplication they use: an odd sort between reduplication and compounding. In this sort of reduplication, first, you take a word; then you repeat it; and now it has some meaning that is an extension of the meaning of that base word. Except, about that base word and the repeated word - they’re not the same word. That is, if you have the Khmer word kee, “heritage”, and want to reduplicate it, you don’t say kee-kee, you say kee-mɔrdɔk, where mɔrdɔk also means “heritage”. A similar compounded/reduplicated word is cah-tum, “elder”, where cah is reduplicated with tum, both meaning “old”. Or in Vietnamese, to reduplicate dơ, “dirty”, you add bẩn, with the same meaning, for dơ bẩn, “filthy”. “Sin” is tội lỗi, a reduplication of tội, where tội is “offense” and lỗi is “fault” - near-synonyms, but synonyms nonetheless.
- nguyen
- https://www.quora.com/How-difficult-is-it-to-pronounce-Nguy%E1%BB%85n-%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c-Nh%C3%A2n-my-name-correctly
- https://www.quora.com/How-do-you-pronounce-the-Vietnamese-surname-Nguyen For an English speaker, a really good trick is to pronounce "WHEN", with the inflection *exactly* as you would in asking the question "When?" with WHEN broken up into two syllables, just as "UH-HUH". Also avoid aspirating the "H", so say "wen" and not "hwen". So say "WHE-EN", with the "WHE" falling, and "EN" rising as you would intonate "UH-HUH".
- https://www.quora.com/Why-is-the-last-name-Nguyen-spelled-the-way-it-is
- Nguyen in full Vietnamese is Nguyễn 阮. This current Vietnamese pronunciation is matched with Middle Chinese reconstructed pronunciation (Han, Tang, Song). The people of Song dynasty was the last dynasty people who was able to pronounce as Nguyễn along with Vietnamese (Mongolian defeated Song dynasty, beginning a significant change in Chinese language). Nguyễn was associated with nguyên, nguồn (head, first, origin). Last name Nguyễn originated in ancient time along with Shang dynasty. Vietnamese legends had the story of "Thánh Gióng" that talked about the country named Văn Lang 文郎国 under Hùng King had fought against "giặc Ân" . Ân Thương (殷商) was another name for Shang dynasty (商朝). In Vietnamese legend history also talked about this lake: Hồ Động Đình Dongting Lake - Wikipedia as the birthplace of the first Hùng King. The radical symbol “phụ, fù” 阝(阜) on the left means mound; abundant, ample, numerous.https://www.quora.com/What-does-Nguyen-actually-mean
- ngay - right
- nguoi - people
- nghe - listen
- nghiên - research
- th
- kiv use and pronunciation eg Quận Bình Thạnh／郡平盛
- https://www.quora.com/Why-does-the-Vietnamese-language-use-the-word-%C4%91%E1%BB%93ng-%E9%8A%85-for-its-currency-while-all-other-Sinospheric-countries-use-yuan-yen-won-which-all-trace-back-to-%E5%9C%93
- country name- https://www.quora.com/Germany-is-called-%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD-in-Chinese-and-%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c-%E5%BE%B7-in-Vietnamese-Why-China-is-called-Trung-Qu%E1%BB%91c-%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B-in-Vietnamese-not-Trung-%E4%B8%AD
- https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BB%AB_m%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3n_trong_ti%E1%BA%BFng_Vi%E1%BB%87t
- chinese
- https://www.quora.com/Is-there-a-Vietnamese-pronunciation-for-every-Chinese-character
- https://www.quora.com/Does-the-Vietnamese-language-continue-to-borrow-words-from-Chinese
- https://www.quora.com/How-similar-is-Vietnamese-to-Mandarin-versus-Cantonese
- places, people's names
- Châu Âu (tiếng Latinh: Europa, tiếng Anh: Europe)
- Châu Phi (Africa)
- Thời kỳ Mycenae邁錫尼文明
- Hoa Kỳ (tiếng Anh: United States, viết tắt US) hay Mỹ (America), tên đầy đủ là Hợp chúng quốc Hoa Kỳ[16][18] (tiếng Anh: United States of America, viết tắt USA)
- Nga tiếng Nga: Россия, chuyển tự. Rossiya IPA
- Tây Ban Nha Spain
- Ấn Độ india
- Cộng hòa Dân chủ Nhân dân Triều Tiên (tiếng Triều Tiên: 조선민주주의인민공화국 (Triều Tiên Dân chủ chủ nghĩa Nhân dân Cộng hòa quốc)/ Chosŏn Minjujuŭi Inmin Konghwaguk), cũng được gọi bằng một số tên như Triều Tiên (북조선, MR: Chosŏn) hoặc Bắc Triều Tiên (북조선, MR: Pukchosŏn) theo cách gọi ở đây, hay Bắc Hàn (북한/北韓, Romaja: Buk'han)
- 西寧省Tỉnh Tây Ninh
- plants
- Thất thái 七菜
- 芹: せり seri (Oenanthe javanica): rau cần.
- 薺: なずな nazuna (Capsella bursa-pastoris): rau tề
- 御形: ごぎょう gogyō (Gnaphalium affine): rau khúc tẻ
- 繁縷: はこべら hakobera (Stellaria media): một loài tinh thảo
- 仏の座: ほとけのざ hotokenoza (Lapsana spp.): một loại cải cúc
- 菘: すずな suzuna (Brassica rapa var. rapa): củ cải tròn
- 蘿: すずしろ suzushiro (Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus): củ cải.
- Cần nước (danh pháp hai phần: Oenanthe javanica)[1][4] hay Cần cơm, Cần ống, Cần ta 水芹
- viet version of chinese names
- Bành Tổ 彭祖
- Đường Thúc Ngu (chữ Hán: 唐叔虞), tên thật là Cơ Ngu (姬虞), tự là Tử Vu (子於)
- ****Sở U Vương (chữ Hán: 楚幽王)
- Lương Nguyên Đế (梁元帝), tên thật là Tiêu Dịch (chữ Hán: 蕭繹)Tiêu Dịch tên tự là Thế Thành (世誠)
- Vương Tiên Chi 王仙芝（？－878年），濮州（今河南范縣）人，唐末民變領袖。
- 墨爾本澳華歷史博物館副主席、大洋洲越南柬埔寨老撾華人團體聯合會主席楊怡生（Duong Di Sanh）https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20201106/00180_016.html
- Vocab
- Ao 池塘
- Bò is cow eg Bò Nguni
- Panthera onca (Báo đốm)
- Panthera pardus (Báo hoa mai)
- Panthera uncia (Báo tuyết)
- Hồ 湖
- Hổ 虎 Panthera tigris
- Sông 河
- Sư tử (Panthera leo)
literature
- Nguyễn Du (阮攸; 3 January 1765 – 16 September 1820), pen names Tố Như (素如) and Thanh Hiên (清軒), is a celebrated Vietnamese poet who wrote in chữ nôm, the ancient writing script of Vietnam. He is most known for writing the epic poem The Tale of Kiều.
Culture
- Tết ([tet˧˥] or [tɜːt˧˥]), or Vietnamese New Year, is the most important celebration in Vietnamese culture. The word is a shortened form of Tết Nguyên Đán, which is Sino-Vietnamese for "Feast of the First Morning of the First Day".
- costume
- names of vietnamese http://www.vnzww.com/profile/2015/153.html
diaspora
- http://www.refugeecamps.net/index.html The year 1978 began a second wave of Vietnamese refugees that lasted until the mid-1980s. About two million people fled Vietnam in small, unsafe, and crowded boats. Vietnamese escaping by boat usually ended up in asylum camps in Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Hong Kong, or the Philippines—where they might be allowed to enter countries that agreed to accept them.
- scmp 28jul19 "capitalist dreams" money sent home by overseas vietnamese
- germany
indigenous people/ethnic groups
- The Degar, also known as Montagnard, are the indigenous peoples of the Central Highlands of Vietnam. The term Montagnard means "people of the mountain" in French and is a carryover from the French colonial period in Vietnam. In Vietnamese, they are known by the term người Thượng (Highlanders)—this term now can also be applied to other minority ethnic groups in Vietnam or Người dân tộc thiểu số (literally, "minority people"). Earlier they were referred to pejoratively as the mọi. The term "Degar" is generally used only by people connected with Kok Ksor and the Degar Foundation. Most of those living in America refer to themselves as Montagnards, while those living in Vietnam refer to themselves by their individual tribe.越南高地民族（越南语：người Thượng／𠊛上*/?），或譯高地族、高地民、山地民、山民、山嶽居民等，指的是居住在越南西原的原住民族。法語名詞「Montagnard」（蒙塔尼亚德）意思是「山區的人」，乃是法國殖民時代越南的遺留名詞。越南語名詞「người Thượng/𠊛上」（上人）意思是「高地的人」，此詞現今也可以應用於越南其他的少數民族。早期，他們被蔑稱為「mọi/𧖦」，意為「野蠻人」。
Usa
- Operation Babylift was the name given to the mass evacuation of children from South Vietnam to the United States and other countries (including Australia, France, West Germany, and Canada) at the end of the Vietnam War (see also the Fall of Saigon), on April 3–26, 1975. By the final American flight out of South Vietnam, over 10,300 infants and children had been evacuated, although the actual number has been variously reported.[1][2][3][4] Along with Operation New Life, over 110,000 refugees were evacuated from South Vietnam at the end of the Vietnam War. Thousands of children were airlifted from Vietnam and adopted by families around the world.
- http://www.economist.com/news/asia/21656714-vietnams-new-friendship-america-reflects-political-drama-home-power-plays SHOULD all go to plan, America’s government will soon host an unlikely guest. Nguyen Phu Trong’s visit to Washington—perhaps as soon as July 6th—will be the first by a serving chief of America’s old enemy, the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV). In theory Mr Trong is the most senior politician in his country (though not, in practice, the most powerful). His trip marks an upturn in relations between America and Vietnam, just as the latter’s dealings with China have soured. But where the new friendship leads will in part depend on the result of struggles in Vietnam. A party congress in a few months’ time could have a big impact on Vietnam’s policies at home and abroad. America and Vietnam have had diplomatic ties for two decades, but growing cuddliness is a recent trend. America frets about Vietnam’s atrocious human-rights record, even if it may be improving (on June 27th Vietnam released a high-profile political prisoner, Le Quoc Quan, a human-rights lawyer—the latest of several high-profile dissidents to be freed). Yet it appreciates Vietnam’s enthusiasm for the American-led Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP)—a proposed regional trade pact that would not, at least initially, include China. America is thought to be particularly keen to find a way for its naval ships to dock more freely at Cam Ranh Bay, a base on Vietnam’s southern coast.
- http://www.scmp.com/news/asia/diplomacy/article/1834481/obama-and-vietnams-leader-put-united-front-against-chinese
- http://www.reuters.com/article/us-vietnam-usa-idUSKBN17337L U.S. President Donald Trump has written to Vietnamese President Tran Dai Quang to promote more cooperation between the two countries, the government website cited Quang as saying. Vietnam and the United States had advanced ties to a new level under the Obama administration amid a dispute with China over South China Sea issues, while Trump has also expressed his hope for a stronger relationship. Trump sent a letter to Quang "affirming his wishes to promote cooperation on economics, trade, regional and international issues", the Vietnamese government website said.
- tpp
russia
- historical ties
- 有望留任的外交部長拉夫羅夫，原定於周一早上展開在越南的訪問行程。不過，越南外交部在他與國家主席陳大光會面前一小時，突然宣布拉夫羅夫因未知原因已取消訪問。俄國外交部消息指，拉夫羅夫的工作行程有變，因此其訪越之旅出現變動。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20180320/00180_009.html
EU
- http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/17e377de-3aa6-11e5-8613-07d16aad2152.html The EU concluded a major trade agreement with Vietnam on Tuesday, opening up one of Asia’s fastest-growing economies and a consumer market of more than 90m people to European companies. During two-and-a-half years of talks between Brussels and Hanoi, negotiators were forced to address human rights concerns and fears that China would use Vietnam as a backdoor for cheap textile imports into the EU. European clothing, footwear and sportswear companies have been vocal advocates of the deal, which will slash the tariffs on goods made in their Vietnamese factories. However, textiles also proved to be a sticking point because of fears that China would use Vietnam as a conduit through which to flood EU markets. For this reason, EU trade negotiators said that they had introduced strict “rules of origin” safeguards, ensuring that raw materials from China must undergo sufficient workmanship in Vietnam before they can be re-exported to Europe. Ms Malmström has also had to weather criticism from rights groups and politicians, who have criticised the EU for negotiating such a wide-ranging deal with the one-party communist state, which has a poor record on civil liberties. In March, the EU’s ombudsman admonished the European Commission for not conducting a prior human rights impact assessment before pressing ahead with the deal.
- http://www.wired-gov.net/wg/news.nsf/articles/EUVietnam+Free+Trade+Agreement+to+boost+UK+exports+03122015101500?open EU and Vietnam yesterday (2 December 2015) approved a new free trade agreement that will ease trade of products and services between the UK and Europe with the Vietnamese market. In practice the deal means 99% of tariffs will be eliminated – worth £20 million a year for UK businesses exporting to Vietnam.
Eurasian Economic Union
- http://russiancouncil.ru/en/inner/?id_4=6084#top-content On May 29, 2015 the Eurasian Economic Union and Vietnam signed an agreement to establish a free trade area, a first for the EEU. Although significant, the arrangement seems to involve a lot of technical gaps requiring further work, with 10-15 years needed to complete the tasks and reaching the stated trade targets. We approached RIAC expert Vladimir Mazyrin, Doctor of Economics and Head of Center for Vietnam and ASEAN Studies at the RAS Institute for Far Eastern Studies, to learn more about the agreement.
UK
- scmp remember a day on a 4oct1979 report Radio Hanoi fired a series of charges against Britain, claiming it had committed “a succession of dishonest acts”. The broadcast accused the Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, Peter Blaker, of having slandered Vietnam. Blaker reportedly told a press conference in Singapore earlier that Vietnam’s “tough and ruthless” leaders might expel the remaining 800,000 ethnic Chinese from the country. https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/society/article/3031387/hong-kong-mtr-opens-us-city-bans-animal-noises-and-swiss
- investors from UK
france
- https://www.quora.com/What-happened-to-the-French-troops-that-surrendered-at-Dien-Bien-Phu All prisoners (including the "light" wounded, according to Vietminh criteria) will have to walk 700 km through jungles and mountains to reach the camps, located on the border with China, beyond the reach of the expeditionary force. According to Erwan Bergot, of the 11,721 able-bodied or wounded French soldiers captured by Vietminh when Dien Bien Phu camp fell, 3,290 were released and 8,431 died in captivity. According to Historica magazine, of 10,998 prisoners, 7,708 died in captivity or disappeared
Switzerland
- The Vietnam Economic Times is a monthly newspaper of Vietnam, covering national business and economic issues. It is published in both Vietnamese and English and has been published online since at least 1997. The English-language magazine was launched in 1994 under a business cooperation contract between the Vietnamese Association of Economists and Ringier of Switzerland.
US and China
- http://www.scmp.com/news/asia/article/1680943/can-vietnam-have-its-cake-and-eat-it Diplomatic test for Hanoi as it seeks to build on 20 years of ties with the US and 65 years with China
Poland
- http://hkmb.hktdc.com/en/1X0A5F2P/market-spotlight/Eastern-Europe%E2%80%99s-Road-to-Trade?utm_source=enews&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=hkmb-edm With the Belt and Road Initiative in the international spotlight, Poland is among the countries looking to capitalise on the array of opportunities from the Chinese mainland's huge trade and development programme. Addressing the Poland-China Trade Investment Forum in Shanghai late last year, Polish President Andrzej Duda said: "I am convinced that the directors of Chinese firms looking to invest in Europe will consider Poland as one of the first candidates." Poland was among 16 European countries that took part in the China-Central and Eastern Europe Summit in Suzhou last year. The event saw President Duda lead an 80-member Polish business delegation to highlight its commitment to the Belt and Road Initiative.
india
- 越南国家主席陈大光2日至4日访问印度，双方4日发表联合声明，同意进一步加强国防安全合作，将其视为两国全面战略伙伴关系的重要支柱；另外，强调海上应遵守国际法的重要性。 陈大光访问期间，分别会晤印度总统科温德与总理莫迪等。访问结束后，双方发表联合声明，同意加强国防安全等领域合作。http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20180306/PDF/a21_screen.pdf
Japan
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20170303/00180_018.html 正在越南訪問的日皇明仁夫婦周四在首都河內，與十五名在第二次世界大戰後遭日軍士兵拋棄的越籍家屬會面。明仁表示，明白他們的困境並寄以同情，希望兩國關係可持續改善。
- investors from japan
Japan and South Korea
- http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/004f7e36-bc0e-11e4-a6d7-00144feab7de.html CJ’s Vietnamese cinematic coup is part of a stream of new Japanese and South Korean investment in the country, amid goodwill that contrasts with the troubled relationship between Hanoi and Beijing. While anti-Chinese rioters ransacked hundreds of foreign companies in Vietnam last year after maritime skirmishes between the two countries, Seoul and Tokyo were quietly brandishing hard money and soft power. Analysts say the push by the two east Asian economic leaders reflects a dovetailing of commercial and strategic interests that has a broader regional importance. While Hanoi wants to limit its dependence on Beijing, Japan and South Korea wish to tighten their embrace with the 10 countries of the Asean Southeast Asian grouping that are preparing — some say optimistically — to launch a single market of more than 500m people later this year.
south korea
- https://www.economist.com/news/asia/21740430-it-makes-most-its-smartphones-there-why-samsung-south-korea-biggest-firm-vietnam THE Samsung Electronics factory in Thai Nguyen, in northern Vietnam, employs more than 60,000 people. Its three canteens serve some 13 tonnes of rice a day. It churns out more mobile phones than any other facility in the world. It and Samsung Electronics’ other factories in Vietnam produce almost a third of the firm’s global output. The company has invested a cumulative $17bn in the country. But Samsung is as important to Vietnam as Vietnam is to it. Its local subsidiary’s $58bn in revenue last year made it the biggest company in Vietnam, pipping PetroVietnam, the state oil company. It employs more than 100,000 people. It has helped to make Vietnam the second-biggest exporter of smartphones in the world, after China. Samsung alone accounted for almost a quarter of Vietnam’s total exports of $214bn last year.
indonesia
- scmp 30apr19 vietnamese fishermen arrested after high seas clash off coast of borneo
China
- communist party cooperation
- military
- think tank
- financial
- energy
- railway
- chinese medicine
- cross border economic cooperation event in nanning http://www.hkcd.com.hk/pdf/201709/0908/HZ18908CHAA.pdf
chinese
- anti chinese
- civilian cooperation
- border trade
- The Cho Dong Xuan wholesale market for made-in-China toys in Hanoi, Vietnam http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/cndy/2014-12/29/content_19187762.htm One owner from the Vietnamese capital said that almost all the toys for sale in her shop are imported from China, and mainly from Guangdong province. "Most of the toys made in Vietnam are hand-made. Although their quality is better than made-in-China toys, they don't look as pretty and are expensive," she says. "By contrast, the toys made in China come from machines on vast production lines. The production cost is low, so of course the toys can be sold at a lower price."
Culture
- Tết ([tet˧˥] or [tɜːt˧˥]), or Vietnamese New Year, is the most important celebration in Vietnamese culture. The word is a shortened form of Tết Nguyên Đán, which is Sino-Vietnamese for "Feast of the First Morning of the First Day".
- costume
- The áo tứ thân (Vietnamese: [ʔǎːw tɨ̌ tʰən], four-part dress) is one of several traditional Vietnamese costumes. It is related to the áo ngũ thân which translates as "5-part dress." The áo tứ thân was worn widely by women centuries before the Áo Dài. As Vietnam expanded southward, Áo Tứ Thân gradually became associated specifically with northern women.
- In 1744, Lord Nguyễn Phúc Khoát of Huế decreed that both men and women at his court wear trousers and a gown with buttons down the front. Writer Lê Quý Đôn described the newfangled outfit as an áo dài (long garment). The members of the southern court were thus distinguished from the courtiers of the Trịnh Lords in Hanoi, who wore áo giao lĩnh with long skirts. The áo dài is a Vietnamese national costume, now most commonly worn by women. In its current form, it is a tight-fitting silk tunic worn over pants. The word is pronounced [ʔǎːw zâːj] in the North and[ʔǎːw jâːj] in the South. Áo classifies the item as a piece of clothing on the upper part of the body. Dài means "long". The word "ao dai" was originally applied to the outfit worn at the court of the Nguyễn Lords at Huế in the 18th century. This outfit evolved into the áo ngũ thân, a five-paneled aristocratic gown worn in the 19th and early 20th centuries.
- Áo bà ba (Vietnamese: [ʔǎːw ɓâː ɓaː] or Vietnamese silk ensemble) is a traditional southern Vietnamese garment. The áo itself ("shirt" in English) is the top part which covers the torso. It is most associated with rural southern Vietnam, especially in the Mekong Delta. Often worn as a top and bottom set, the áo bà ba is typically a long-sleeved, button-down silk shirt with a scooped neck paired with silk pants. The shirt will be somewhat long and split at the sides of the waist, forming two flaps, customarily with two pockets.
- names of vietnamese http://www.vnzww.com/profile/2015/153.html
diaspora
- http://www.refugeecamps.net/index.html The year 1978 began a second wave of Vietnamese refugees that lasted until the mid-1980s. About two million people fled Vietnam in small, unsafe, and crowded boats. Vietnamese escaping by boat usually ended up in asylum camps in Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Hong Kong, or the Philippines—where they might be allowed to enter countries that agreed to accept them.
- scmp 28jul19 "capitalist dreams" money sent home by overseas vietnamese
- germany
- scmp 12feb19 "thriving berlin market a hub for vietnamese community"
- https://www.economist.com/europe/2019/04/27/vietnamese-migrants-are-thriving-in-poland-and-the-czech-republic Poland and the Czech Republic, both of which vehemently oppose European efforts to redistribute Syrian refugees, are home to large Asian communities. The first Vietnamese arrived in the 1980s as part of a student exchange between their country and the socialist republics of Eastern Europe. Many settled and brought over relatives. Today there are an estimated 40,000-50,000 of them in Poland, and 60,000-80,000 in the Czech Republic, the highest by proportion in Europe. The Buddhist temples and cultural centres sprouting up suggest that they are here to stay.
indigenous people/ethnic groups
- The Degar, also known as Montagnard, are the indigenous peoples of the Central Highlands of Vietnam. The term Montagnard means "people of the mountain" in French and is a carryover from the French colonial period in Vietnam. In Vietnamese, they are known by the term người Thượng (Highlanders)—this term now can also be applied to other minority ethnic groups in Vietnam or Người dân tộc thiểu số (literally, "minority people"). Earlier they were referred to pejoratively as the mọi. The term "Degar" is generally used only by people connected with Kok Ksor and the Degar Foundation. Most of those living in America refer to themselves as Montagnards, while those living in Vietnam refer to themselves by their individual tribe.越南高地民族（越南语：người Thượng／𠊛上*/?），或譯高地族、高地民、山地民、山民、山嶽居民等，指的是居住在越南西原的原住民族。法語名詞「Montagnard」（蒙塔尼亚德）意思是「山區的人」，乃是法國殖民時代越南的遺留名詞。越南語名詞「người Thượng/𠊛上」（上人）意思是「高地的人」，此詞現今也可以應用於越南其他的少數民族。早期，他們被蔑稱為「mọi/𧖦」，意為「野蠻人」。
- [spanish wiki version]Miles de estos montañeses huyeron a Camboya tras la caída de Saigón bajo el poder del ejército de Vietnam del Norte pues temían las represalias del nuevo gobierno por la ayuda que habían prestado al ejército norteamericano. El ejército de los Estados Unidos instaló a algunos montañeses en América, principalmente en Carolina del Sur. El número de evacuados no llegó a los dos mil. Además, el gobierno de Vietnam ha desplazado sistemáticamente a miles de habitantes de la zona de las colinas centrales para emplear esas zonas fértiles en el cultivo de café.
- Greensboro en Carolina del Norte acoge la colonia más numerosa de montañeses fuera de la zona de Asia Pacífico.
- no french wiki version
- The craft of making the colourful and elaborately decorated costumes of Red Dao women in Bac Kan province https://l.facebook.com/l.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fen.nhandan.com.vn%2Fculture%2Fitem%2F6351002-the-art-of-the-red-dao-people%25E2%2580%2599s-costume-decoration.html&h=AT16GlDJqG5-r1FjKPJHiL_W1Mn1-yXsHAhTcP2oR-Qwn7fvdtp8kkWWw5Yh-78ekVe4tV03d0iWo7CS36ncnY0cb9A4Miku-ZQlfIIVYqd-qg2CDRDaKKmM84QJXQ6a2Au9_ZTPBtWeyHT9LVMxsA
Usa
- Operation Babylift was the name given to the mass evacuation of children from South Vietnam to the United States and other countries (including Australia, France, West Germany, and Canada) at the end of the Vietnam War (see also the Fall of Saigon), on April 3–26, 1975. By the final American flight out of South Vietnam, over 10,300 infants and children had been evacuated, although the actual number has been variously reported.[1][2][3][4] Along with Operation New Life, over 110,000 refugees were evacuated from South Vietnam at the end of the Vietnam War. Thousands of children were airlifted from Vietnam and adopted by families around the world.
- http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3801399/Incredible-pictures-planes-packed-orphaned-babies-fleeing-war-torn-Vietnam-adoption-U-S-families-controversial-Operation-Babylift.html
- http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3024506/Orphan-survived-Operation-Babylift-plane-crash-Vietnam-returns-scene-40-years-on.html
- http://www.economist.com/news/asia/21656714-vietnams-new-friendship-america-reflects-political-drama-home-power-plays SHOULD all go to plan, America’s government will soon host an unlikely guest. Nguyen Phu Trong’s visit to Washington—perhaps as soon as July 6th—will be the first by a serving chief of America’s old enemy, the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV). In theory Mr Trong is the most senior politician in his country (though not, in practice, the most powerful). His trip marks an upturn in relations between America and Vietnam, just as the latter’s dealings with China have soured. But where the new friendship leads will in part depend on the result of struggles in Vietnam. A party congress in a few months’ time could have a big impact on Vietnam’s policies at home and abroad. America and Vietnam have had diplomatic ties for two decades, but growing cuddliness is a recent trend. America frets about Vietnam’s atrocious human-rights record, even if it may be improving (on June 27th Vietnam released a high-profile political prisoner, Le Quoc Quan, a human-rights lawyer—the latest of several high-profile dissidents to be freed). Yet it appreciates Vietnam’s enthusiasm for the American-led Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP)—a proposed regional trade pact that would not, at least initially, include China. America is thought to be particularly keen to find a way for its naval ships to dock more freely at Cam Ranh Bay, a base on Vietnam’s southern coast.
- http://www.scmp.com/news/asia/diplomacy/article/1834481/obama-and-vietnams-leader-put-united-front-against-chinese
- http://www.reuters.com/article/us-vietnam-usa-idUSKBN17337L U.S. President Donald Trump has written to Vietnamese President Tran Dai Quang to promote more cooperation between the two countries, the government website cited Quang as saying. Vietnam and the United States had advanced ties to a new level under the Obama administration amid a dispute with China over South China Sea issues, while Trump has also expressed his hope for a stronger relationship. Trump sent a letter to Quang "affirming his wishes to promote cooperation on economics, trade, regional and international issues", the Vietnamese government website said.
- tpp
- http://vneconomictimes.com/article/vietnam-today/pm-integration-to-continue-regardless-of-tpp Vietnam has prepared the necessities to join the TPP and is ready to submit it to the NA for ratification. “For now, it is not appropriate to submit the TPP to the NA,” he told the Q&A session.
- https://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/long-reads/article/3024030/vietnamese-refugees-vs-ku-klux-klan-how-racism In 1981, the Ku Klux Klan got into the fishing business. The Klan was already powerful and popular in Texas and across the South and, thanks to the many radicalised veterans returning home from Vietnam, increasingly militarised and highly trained. And Texas was home to Ku Klux Klan training camps where attendees were taught to use military-grade weapons. In February 1981, a Klan rally in the all-white town of Santa Fe, Texas – two hours east of Seadrift – made national headlines. Images of hooded Klansmen standing on the prows of crab boats were printed in major newspapers. One boat with “USS Viet Cong” written on the side was burned. “They had little kids wearing hoods, women wearing hoods serving cookies,” says Tang. “It was crazy.” At the rally, Louis Beam, grand dragon of the Texas Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, gave the Vietnamese an ultimatum: get out by May 15 – the start of the shrimping season – or face the wrath of the Klan. He offered white fishermen lessons in how best to torch Vietnamese boats. He also invited the fishermen to train at his paramilitary camps. “When you come out of there, you’ll be ready for the Vietnamese,” he assured them. Over the next month, the Klan harassed Vietnamese families up and down the coast, menacing their boats and burning crosses on their lawns. The Vietnamese responded in a way that no one expected: they hired lawyers. Their case was taken up by what was then a little-known organisation, the Southern Poverty Law Centre.
- https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm742 the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) designated a North Korean individual operating from Vietnam, Kim Su Il, for his ties to the Workers’ Party of Korea (WPK). Kim Su Il is also an employee of the Munitions Industry Department (MID); a WPK subordinate that is United Nations (UN)- and U.S.-designated for its involvement in key aspects of North Korea’s missile program, which is subject to a range of U.S. sanctions restrictions. This action reflects continued enforcement of UN and U.S. sanctions. OFAC designated Kim Su Il, a trading company official who works on behalf of the MID in Vietnam, pursuant to E.O. 13687 for being an official of the WPK. As of early 2019, Kim Su Il was responsible for exporting anthracite coal, titanium ore concentrate, and other North Korean domestic products; importing and exporting various other goods, including raw materials, to and from North Korea; and ship chartering. This trade activity earned foreign currency for the North Korean regime. Kim Su Il is also responsible for exporting Vietnamese products to China, North Korea, and other countries. Kim Su Il was assigned to Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam in 2016 to perform economic, trading, mining, and shipping activities associated with the MID’s business activities.As a result of today’s action, all property and interests in property of this individual that are in the United States or in the possession or control of U.S. persons must be blocked and reported to OFAC.
russia
- historical ties
- on 31may1978, soviet union set up a guided missile base in a valley in vietnam's central highlands, with the missiles said to be directed at china (scmp 1june2018)
- 有望留任的外交部長拉夫羅夫，原定於周一早上展開在越南的訪問行程。不過，越南外交部在他與國家主席陳大光會面前一小時，突然宣布拉夫羅夫因未知原因已取消訪問。俄國外交部消息指，拉夫羅夫的工作行程有變，因此其訪越之旅出現變動。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20180320/00180_009.html
EU
- http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/17e377de-3aa6-11e5-8613-07d16aad2152.html The EU concluded a major trade agreement with Vietnam on Tuesday, opening up one of Asia’s fastest-growing economies and a consumer market of more than 90m people to European companies. During two-and-a-half years of talks between Brussels and Hanoi, negotiators were forced to address human rights concerns and fears that China would use Vietnam as a backdoor for cheap textile imports into the EU. European clothing, footwear and sportswear companies have been vocal advocates of the deal, which will slash the tariffs on goods made in their Vietnamese factories. However, textiles also proved to be a sticking point because of fears that China would use Vietnam as a conduit through which to flood EU markets. For this reason, EU trade negotiators said that they had introduced strict “rules of origin” safeguards, ensuring that raw materials from China must undergo sufficient workmanship in Vietnam before they can be re-exported to Europe. Ms Malmström has also had to weather criticism from rights groups and politicians, who have criticised the EU for negotiating such a wide-ranging deal with the one-party communist state, which has a poor record on civil liberties. In March, the EU’s ombudsman admonished the European Commission for not conducting a prior human rights impact assessment before pressing ahead with the deal.
- http://www.wired-gov.net/wg/news.nsf/articles/EUVietnam+Free+Trade+Agreement+to+boost+UK+exports+03122015101500?open EU and Vietnam yesterday (2 December 2015) approved a new free trade agreement that will ease trade of products and services between the UK and Europe with the Vietnamese market. In practice the deal means 99% of tariffs will be eliminated – worth £20 million a year for UK businesses exporting to Vietnam.
Eurasian Economic Union
- http://russiancouncil.ru/en/inner/?id_4=6084#top-content On May 29, 2015 the Eurasian Economic Union and Vietnam signed an agreement to establish a free trade area, a first for the EEU. Although significant, the arrangement seems to involve a lot of technical gaps requiring further work, with 10-15 years needed to complete the tasks and reaching the stated trade targets. We approached RIAC expert Vladimir Mazyrin, Doctor of Economics and Head of Center for Vietnam and ASEAN Studies at the RAS Institute for Far Eastern Studies, to learn more about the agreement.
UK
- scmp remember a day on a 4oct1979 report Radio Hanoi fired a series of charges against Britain, claiming it had committed “a succession of dishonest acts”. The broadcast accused the Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, Peter Blaker, of having slandered Vietnam. Blaker reportedly told a press conference in Singapore earlier that Vietnam’s “tough and ruthless” leaders might expel the remaining 800,000 ethnic Chinese from the country. https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/society/article/3031387/hong-kong-mtr-opens-us-city-bans-animal-noises-and-swiss
- investors from UK
- http://www.dragoncapital.com/about-us/our-people/dominic-scriven-obe Dominic Scriven, OBE graduated in Law and Sociology from Exeter University in 1985. In over twenty-seven years of investing throughout Asia, he has worked for M&G (UK), Citicorp (HK), and Sun Hung Kai (HK). He moved to Vietnam in 1991, spending two years at Hanoi General University, before co-founding Dragon Capital in 1994. A Vietnamese speaker, he is a Director of a number of publicly listed companies, and an active advocate for financial market development. He was awarded the OBE in 2006, and received the Third-Grade Labor Order from Vietnam in 2014. He resides in Ho Chi Minh City. His external interests range from sustainable tourism, through art and propaganda, to the illegal wildlife trade.
- Connecting Community. VietHome Project was established since October 2010 by a group of Vietnamese studying, living and working in the UK. https://vietnamesecommunity.org.uk/
france
- https://www.quora.com/What-happened-to-the-French-troops-that-surrendered-at-Dien-Bien-Phu All prisoners (including the "light" wounded, according to Vietminh criteria) will have to walk 700 km through jungles and mountains to reach the camps, located on the border with China, beyond the reach of the expeditionary force. According to Erwan Bergot, of the 11,721 able-bodied or wounded French soldiers captured by Vietminh when Dien Bien Phu camp fell, 3,290 were released and 8,431 died in captivity. According to Historica magazine, of 10,998 prisoners, 7,708 died in captivity or disappeared
Switzerland
- The Vietnam Economic Times is a monthly newspaper of Vietnam, covering national business and economic issues. It is published in both Vietnamese and English and has been published online since at least 1997. The English-language magazine was launched in 1994 under a business cooperation contract between the Vietnamese Association of Economists and Ringier of Switzerland.
US and China
- http://www.scmp.com/news/asia/article/1680943/can-vietnam-have-its-cake-and-eat-it Diplomatic test for Hanoi as it seeks to build on 20 years of ties with the US and 65 years with China
Poland
- http://hkmb.hktdc.com/en/1X0A5F2P/market-spotlight/Eastern-Europe%E2%80%99s-Road-to-Trade?utm_source=enews&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=hkmb-edm With the Belt and Road Initiative in the international spotlight, Poland is among the countries looking to capitalise on the array of opportunities from the Chinese mainland's huge trade and development programme. Addressing the Poland-China Trade Investment Forum in Shanghai late last year, Polish President Andrzej Duda said: "I am convinced that the directors of Chinese firms looking to invest in Europe will consider Poland as one of the first candidates." Poland was among 16 European countries that took part in the China-Central and Eastern Europe Summit in Suzhou last year. The event saw President Duda lead an 80-member Polish business delegation to highlight its commitment to the Belt and Road Initiative.
india
- 越南国家主席陈大光2日至4日访问印度，双方4日发表联合声明，同意进一步加强国防安全合作，将其视为两国全面战略伙伴关系的重要支柱；另外，强调海上应遵守国际法的重要性。 陈大光访问期间，分别会晤印度总统科温德与总理莫迪等。访问结束后，双方发表联合声明，同意加强国防安全等领域合作。http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20180306/PDF/a21_screen.pdf
Japan
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20170303/00180_018.html 正在越南訪問的日皇明仁夫婦周四在首都河內，與十五名在第二次世界大戰後遭日軍士兵拋棄的越籍家屬會面。明仁表示，明白他們的困境並寄以同情，希望兩國關係可持續改善。
- investors from japan
- http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/77a93604-604e-11e5-9846-de406ccb37f2.html japan’s ANA Holdings is looking to spur consolidation in Asia’s rapidly growing aviation market as it discusses the possibility of taking a strategic stake in Vietnam Airlines, which was partially privatised last year. Shinichiro Ito, ANA chairman, said the airline group was in discussion with “several carriers” as part of its strategy to expand internationally and to seek synergies in the Asian market. Mr Ito, whose group owns the Peach and Vanilla low-cost carriers in Japan, said consolidation was particularly needed in Asia’s budget sector where “there are too many” competitors. http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/276b124a-b871-11e5-bf7e-8a339b6f2164.html
Japan and South Korea
- http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/004f7e36-bc0e-11e4-a6d7-00144feab7de.html CJ’s Vietnamese cinematic coup is part of a stream of new Japanese and South Korean investment in the country, amid goodwill that contrasts with the troubled relationship between Hanoi and Beijing. While anti-Chinese rioters ransacked hundreds of foreign companies in Vietnam last year after maritime skirmishes between the two countries, Seoul and Tokyo were quietly brandishing hard money and soft power. Analysts say the push by the two east Asian economic leaders reflects a dovetailing of commercial and strategic interests that has a broader regional importance. While Hanoi wants to limit its dependence on Beijing, Japan and South Korea wish to tighten their embrace with the 10 countries of the Asean Southeast Asian grouping that are preparing — some say optimistically — to launch a single market of more than 500m people later this year.
- https://www.economist.com/news/asia/21740430-it-makes-most-its-smartphones-there-why-samsung-south-korea-biggest-firm-vietnam THE Samsung Electronics factory in Thai Nguyen, in northern Vietnam, employs more than 60,000 people. Its three canteens serve some 13 tonnes of rice a day. It churns out more mobile phones than any other facility in the world. It and Samsung Electronics’ other factories in Vietnam produce almost a third of the firm’s global output. The company has invested a cumulative $17bn in the country. But Samsung is as important to Vietnam as Vietnam is to it. Its local subsidiary’s $58bn in revenue last year made it the biggest company in Vietnam, pipping PetroVietnam, the state oil company. It employs more than 100,000 people. It has helped to make Vietnam the second-biggest exporter of smartphones in the world, after China. Samsung alone accounted for almost a quarter of Vietnam’s total exports of $214bn last year.
indonesia
- scmp 30apr19 vietnamese fishermen arrested after high seas clash off coast of borneo
China
- communist party cooperation
- http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20151105/PDF/b12_screen.pdf中越致力於黨際合作，積極交流治黨經驗 。阮富仲訪華期間，兩國簽署了《中國共產黨 和越南共產黨合作計劃（2016-2020年）》。此 次習主席訪問越南期間，雙方將繼續密切黨際 交往，提升黨際關係的凝聚力。
- http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/cndy/2016-01/27/content_23267377.htm Xi's representative to meet with the leaders of ruling political parties in Laos,Vietnam Plans for party-to-party visit from Beijing to Laos and to Vietnam attracted greatattention on Tuesday before their start as some experts say they reinforce anexpected continuing stability for China's ties with the neighbors after their politicalreshuffles. A new chief of Laos' ruling party was elected last week while the politicalreshuffling of Communist Party of Vietnam is underway.
- President Xi Jinping attended the grand opening ceremony of the Vietnam-China Friendship Palace, which was built with Chinese assistance, in the middle of a new district of the Vietnamese capital Hanoi on Sunday. The palace, on which construction began in October 2013, will be the venue to hold exchange activities between China and Vietnam.http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/world/2017apec/2017-11/13/content_34468630.htm
- war in 1979
- visit by chinese leaders- background and supp info
- on 28may1978 Beijing sent ships to Hanoi to evacuate chinese (scmp 1june2018)
- The Sino-Vietnamese War (Vietnamese: Chiến tranh biên giới Việt-Trung; 中越戰爭), also known as the Third Indochina War, was a brief border war fought between the People's Republic of China and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in early 1979. China launched the offensive in response to Vietnam's invasion and occupation of Cambodia in 1978 (which ended the rule of the Chinese-backed Khmer Rouge). Former U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger wrote that Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping saw this as a Soviet attempt "to extend its evil tentacles to Southeast Asia and...carry out expansion there", which reflected the long-standing Sino-Soviet split. Kissinger also noted that "[w]hatever the shortcomings of its execution, the Chinese campaign reflected a serious, long-term strategic analysis". Chinese forces entered northern Vietnam and captured several cities near the border. On March 6, 1979, China declared that the gate to Hanoi was open and that their punitive mission had been achieved, before withdrawing their troops from Vietnam. Both China and Vietnam claimed victory in the last of the Indochina Wars. As Vietnamese troops remained in Cambodia until 1989, it can be said that China was unsuccessful in their goal of dissuading Vietnam from involvement in Cambodia. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the Sino-Vietnamese border was finalized. Although unable to deter Vietnam from Cambodia, China was able to demonstrate that its Cold Warcommunist adversary, the Soviet Union, was unable to protect its Vietnamese ally. Following worsening relations between the Soviet Union and China as a result of the Sino-Soviet split, as many as 1.5 million Chinese troops were stationed along the Sino-Soviet border, in preparation for a full-scale war with the Soviets.
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20160218/00178_004.html 昨日是中越邊界戰爭爆發的卅七周年，逾百名越南民眾昨在河內發起紀念活動。參加者聚集在市中心的越南李朝開國君王李太祖雕像前獻上鮮花，哀悼當年陣亡的越南士兵，並高喊「打倒侵略者」等口號，活動於一個小時後結束。據了解，越南政府今年沒有舉行官方活動紀念事件，有參加者在聚會上批評，越南政府大肆慶祝對法國、美國的戰爭勝利，卻「似乎忘記了與中國的邊界戰爭，亦忘記了中國佔領南沙及西沙群島」。卅七年前，中國派出近六十萬軍力，在短時間內攻佔越南北部幾個重要城市，以表達對越南派軍推翻當時北京支持的柬埔寨「紅色高棉」政府的不滿，中方一個月後撤軍，中越雙方都宣布勝利。戰後中越邊境仍有零星衝突，至一九九一年越南撤出柬埔寨為止。
- http://www.dailymail.co.uk/wires/reuters/article-3159275/Senior-Chinese-official-visit-Vietnam.html Chinese Vice Premier Zhang Gaoli, a member of the ruling communist party's elite Politburo Standing Committee, will visit Vietnam in mid-July, state media said on Monday, amid tension over territorial disputes in the South China Sea. Full report and more details from china daily 16jul15 China's VP to begin rare visit to Hanoi report.
- http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2017-05/12/content_29311784.htmChina and Vietnam should handle maritime disagreements through dialogues, President Xi Jinping said on Thursday as he calls for efforts to push bilateral relations to a new level. In a meeting with Vietnamese President Tran Dai Quang, who is making a five-day state visit to China, Xi said the two countries should push forward maritime cooperation, accumulate consensus gradually and broaden their common interests.
- http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20170513/PDF/a18_screen.pdf：12 日，正在中國訪問的越南國家主席陳大光 在北京與香港中華總商會、香港越南商會 、香港新華集團主席蔡冠深進行了會晤， 他期待蔡冠深今後投資擴大至科研文化領 域， 「5月17日是越南的科技日，我們特別 歡迎更多資金能參與到高校的研發和培訓 中來。」陳大光說。 當天，首次以越南國家主席身份訪華 的陳大光，參加了由中國商務部、中國國 際貿易促進會、香港中華總商會與越南政 府共同舉辦的 「2017中越貿易合作論壇」 。其間，陳大光單獨會晤了蔡冠深。
- senior officials visit
- http://www.chinadailyasia.com/nation/2017-04/18/content_15601249.htmlState Councilor Yang Jiechi and Vietnamese Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Pham Binh Minh spoke during the 10th meeting of the China-Vietnam Steering Committee on Cooperation, which they led jointly. Minh is on a China visit from Sunday through Tuesday.The two leaders agreed to plan this year's work, with "deepening high-level interaction" as the main focus.They vowed to jointly push forward development of the Belt and Road Initiative, the two economic corridors linking China and Vietnam and the Beibu Bay economic zone, as well as cooperation in fields including investment, capacity, infrastructure and cross-border economic cooperation zones. They also agreed to "properly manage and control differences and maintain maritime peace and stability", according to a news release issued after the meeting.Minh said his country attaches great importance to comprehensive and strategic cooperation with China. The China-Vietnam Steering Committee on Cooperation was established in 2006. Its last meeting was in Hanoi in June.
- 到訪越南河內的中國國務委員兼外長王毅，昨日與越南國家主席陳大光會面。王毅表示，目前兩國關係良好，中方願與越方繼續進行密切的高層交往，加強發展戰略對接，呼籲越南應慎重處理海上問題，推進各領域務實合作。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20180402/00178_014.html, see also wenwei 2apr18 a9
- 中國及越南的軍事官員，原定周二舉行第四次中越軍方邊境高層會晤，但會面最終沒有舉行。中國國防部新聞局昨日凌晨發表簡短聲明稱，由於工作安排原因，中方已取消了這次會晤。有消息指，中越就南海爭議問題進行閉門會議時，發生了爭執，中方出人意表地中斷了訪越行程。orientaldaily 23jun17
- 中越關係出現回暖迹象，兩軍高層恢復邊境會晤。中央軍委副主席范長龍和越南國防部長吳春歷，於上周六至周日，先後在越南萊州省萊州市和雲南省紅河州金平縣舉行兩軍第四次邊境高層會晤。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20170925/00178_005.html
- The People's Liberation Army will work with its Vietnamese counterpart in strengthening exchanges, facilitating cooperation and enhancing coordination and mutual trust, a senior Chinese military official said on Monday. State Councilor and Defense Minister General Wei Fenghe made the remark during an official visit to Vietnam. It was the first visit by a Chinese defense minister to the country in three years.During his meeting with Vietnam's National Assembly Chairwoman Nguyen Thi Kim Ngan in Hanoi, Wei said both countries have upheld their traditional friendship with a solid foundation, and bilateral ties have seen steady development in recent years thanks to the joint efforts of leaders from both countries.http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/201905/30/WS5cef2167a3104842260be934.html
- think tank
- 8日，“中越智库论坛：中共十九大暨APEC框架下中越合作研讨会”在河内开幕。http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20171109/PDF/a15_screen.pdf
- ft 11jun19 vietnam to crack down on relabelled chinese goods that escape us tariffs
- 因新冠疫情關閉近1個月的中越廣西邊境口岸日前全面恢復。僅2月24日，廣西東興口岸進出口貨物貨運量達3306.74噸，進出境貨車250輛次，已恢復至正常規模。南寧─胡志明順豐貨運包機首趟復航，同日，150噸共6個集裝箱越南火龍果通過憑祥鐵路口岸進口，這是疫情爆發以來越南水果首次通過該口岸入境。http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20200301/PDF/a9_screen.pdf
- financial
- 而近年转型为金融科技公司的中新控股（08207），就刚于当地获越南国家银行颁发第三方支付牌照，算是踏足当地市场重要一步。中新旗下公司Amigo Technologies之全资子公司Vinatti正式获得越南国家银行颁发的第三方支付牌照。此次获发的支付牌照自今年三月一日起，10年有效，可以为越南用户提供包括支付闸道、付款和託收支援，电子钱包以及电子钱转帐支援在内的四项金融服务。Amigo Technologies于2005年1月成立，主要于越南从事提供资讯科技服务及个人化金融服务之解决方案。其现时为世界众多领先资讯科技解决方案及设备供应商（包括IBM、惠普、戴尔、甲骨文及微软）之策略伙伴，在为越南的大型金融公司提供IT服务领域市场份额排名前五。Vinatti是其全资子公司，曾为越南邮政搭建支付服务系统Paypost，并提供系统解决方案和维护服务，能与政府部门合作，其技术含量可见一斑。http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20180308/PDF/b2_screen.pdf
- https://www.reuters.com/article/us-jd-com-tiki-vn-funding/jd-com-widens-southeast-asia-presence-by-investing-in-vietnams-tiki-vn-idUSKBN1F5075 Chinese online retailer JD.com Inc has made an investment in Vietnamese e-commerce firm Tiki.vn, expanding its Southeast Asia business amid growing competition in the region from Alibaba Group Holding Ltd and Amazon.com Inc. JD.com will tap Tiki.vn’s warehousing and delivery system, as well as its technology and payments capabilities.Tiki.vn and VNG’s tie-up has similarities to the partnership between JD.com Inc and internet giant Tencent Holdings Ltd, which is an investor in JD.com and Asia’s largest tech firm by market cap.JD.com leverages data and payments from Tencent’s WeChat, China’s most popular social media app, and will seek to build similar capabilities with VNG and Tiki.vn, Cheng told Reuters.
- energy
- http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/cndy/2017-05/15/content_29344984.htm The coal-fired power plant constructed by Chinese companies in Vietnam is expected togenerate as much as 9 billion kilowatt hours of electricity annually by 2019 to help solve thepower shortages in southern areas of the country. The contract for China's biggest investment project in Vietnam, the Vinh Tan 1 Power Plant, was signed in 2015 by China Energy Engineering Group Guangdong Electric Power DesignInstitute Co Ltd (GEDI), a company focusing on infrastructure construction and energy andpower planning. GEDI is based in Guangzhou Development District in the capital of SouthChina's Guangdong province.
- Vietnamese Deputy Prime Minister Truong Hoa Binh on Monday announced the opening of a freight route connecting Vietnam and China at the Huu Nghi (Friendship) International Border Gate in Vietnams northern Lang Son province. The new route connecting with China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, will help create an important foundation for enterprises of Vietnam and China to strengthen import and export of their goods, contributing to bigger trade between the two countries, as well as with other members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), Vietnamese officials and experts said. http://en.xfafinance.com/html/BR/Business_Activities/2017/354635.shtml
- railway
- http://www.chinadailyasia.com/business/2016-05/16/content_15433319.html 39-year-old Yu Jiang from China has been dedicated to the construction of the first urban elevated railway in Vietnam's capital Hanoi for the past five years. Since the construction of the Cat Linh-Ha Dong railway project in Hanoi started in 2011, Yu often went on business trips to Vietnam. From January 2015, Yu then moved to work in Vietnam as project manager of the Cat Linh-Ha Dong railway project, taking charge of the project's quality, progress, external relations, among other responsibilities. The Cat Linh-Ha Dong urban elevated railway route has a total length of 13.5 km and runs through 12 stations. The sixth bureau of China Railway Engineering Corporation is the EPC (engineering, procurement, and construction) contractor of the elevated railway project.
- 首发的中越铁路集装箱班列http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20171129/PDF/a10_screen.pdf
- http://www.hkcd.com.hk/pdf/201606/0602/HZ15602CLCA.pdf 中國東興 越南芒街
- 廣西交通投資集團20日發布消息，百色市下轄靖西市至中越龍邦─茶嶺邊境口岸的高速公路當日正式通車，今後，從粵港澳大灣區駕車經南寧到中越龍邦─茶嶺口岸，9個多小時即可到達。http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20181221/PDF/a18_screen.pdf
- 「 大新縣正在打造中國乃至世界第一個跨 境旅遊合作區。」廣西大新縣縣長玉明 金在南寧表示，按照中越兩國總書記簽 署的協定，中越兩國以橫跨中越兩國國 境的德天瀑布為中心，雙方各後退2平 方公里，劃定一個區域，打造中越德天 ．板約國際旅遊合作區，共同保護和開 發德天瀑布旅遊景區，這是全國乃至世 界第一個跨境旅遊合作區。http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20160913/PDF/a8_screen.pdf
- chinese medicine
- 南方醫科大學香 港校友會會長胡永祥日前率 30多位同仁赴越南， 展開為期 4 天的中醫藥文化推廣及學術交流活 動。在越南期間，前往胡志明市的胡志明中醫醫 院參觀，並與越南醫務人員就弘揚傳統中醫中藥 廣泛交流。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2015/11/03/a15-1103.pdf
- cross border economic cooperation event in nanning http://www.hkcd.com.hk/pdf/201709/0908/HZ18908CHAA.pdf
- 12日，第二届中越跨境经济合作论坛暨中国东兴─越南芒街跨境经济合作区专场推介会在广西南宁举行。香港贸发局内地总代表吴子衡等专家和商协会企业领导发表了主题演讲，会上香港广利通集团、深圳沃特玛集团等一批大型企业签署了16个合作协议及合作项目，签约总金额达90亿元（人民币，下同），涉及新能源汽车、旅游文化、电子机械、金融商贸、现代物流、农副产品加工等众多合作领域。据了解，今年东兴跨境经济合作区依託自身优势，重点规划金融商贸区、深圳电子科技产业园、香港纺织服装产业园、台湾加工贸易与物流综合产业园等产业项目，一批港企也看中东兴跨境经济合作区的区位优势，纷纷进驻园区，抢滩东盟市场。东兴试验区管委会副主任杨东星表示，在去年与香港利嘉集团签约的基础上，今年又有香港广利通集团、香港南益集团、深圳沃特玛集团、深圳名家汇科技等一批深港企业签约进驻试验区。http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20170913/PDF/a19_screen.pdf
chinese
- anti chinese
- http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/dde43a4a-c0de-11e5-a8c6-deeeb63d6d4b.html A tale of two metro lines in Vietnam’s capital has thrown sharp light on how anti-China feeling plays into a battle between economic powers for sway in this frontier market. Delays, disruption and accidents have sparked criticism of a Chinese-built section of Hanoi’s new urban railway — and unfavourable contrasts with a part of the network being worked on by a South Korean rival.
- 越南多個城市日前爆發大規模反華示威，其中平順省的示威演變成衝突，令當地的外資工廠大受影響，其中中國大陸企業幾乎全數罷工，不少台資、港資工廠周三亦被迫停工。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20180615/00178_003.html
- 越南多地日前爆發大規模反華示威，部分演變成針對政府和警察的暴力衝突，逾百人被捕，當中包括一名越南裔美籍男子。越南警方昨指，該男子因「擾亂公共秩序」而被調查，可能面臨有關檢控。有指美方已要求越南當局放人。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20180617/00178_010.html, http://www.scmp.com/news/asia/southeast-asia/article/2151121/vietnam-launches-probe-american-detained-public-disorder
- civilian cooperation
- http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/cndy/2015-06/19/content_21048054.htm Hanoi expects to maintain high-level contact with Beijing and to enhance civiliancommunication links. Vietnam vowed on Thursday to carry out maritime, infrastructure and financialcooperation with China and to "properly handle disagreements". Vietnamese Deputy Prime Minister Pham Binh Minh stressed the importance ofHanoi's relations with Beijing when meeting with Premier Li Keqiang.
- border trade
- http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2015/01/27/a08-0127.pdf 距去 年 5 月越南發生反華暴亂 已達 8 個月，隨着暴亂的 平息和中越關係的緩和， 中 越 邊 境 貿 易 也 逐 漸 升 溫。
- http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/business/2015-11/30/content_22528971.htm"If you wanted to buy Vietnamese products, it was basically the Chinese vendorswho bought commodities in Vietnam and sold them in Dongxing." But these days more than 10,000 Chinese and Vietnamese walk across the borderbridge every day to do business in bustling markets on both sides. In fact, businessbetween China and Vietnam is on the rise after years of development. Earlier this month, President Xi Jinping made his first state visit to Vietnam, whichopened up new prospects for China's relations with the country and local businesspeople. Border trade between China and Vietnam has grown thanks to governmentsupport. China allowed residents to conduct small-scale cross-border business in the 1990s,fueling a trade surge. In Dongxing, the border trade zone has grown into the biggest of its kind in China,with more than 10,000 people selling seafood, agricultural products and clothesthere each day. Chinese living in the area can buy up to 8,000 yuan ($1,260) of Vietnamese goodsevery day without paying tariffs, which has resulted in mushrooming bordertransactions.
- http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/bizchina/2016-06/16/content_25734795.htm Border trade has been booming along the Chinese border with Vietnam, afterintense government support to improve customs clearing processes, officials said during theChina-South Asia Expo in Kunming, capital of southwest China's Yunnan province.In 2015, Yunnan registered 10.5 billion yuan ($1.6 billion) in mutual trade among its borderresidents in 2015, up by 32.9 percent year on year. More than 4.7 million tons of fruit, seafood,cement, floor tiles and other commodities were traded, said Yang Ming, deputy director ofclearance at Kunming Customs.
- http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2016/09/14/a16-0914.pdf 廣西商務廳東盟國家合作處處長朱壘說，試驗區將以憑祥為核心，建設面向東盟高度開放的國際經貿商務中心和跨國企業總部基地，打造沿邊經濟合作區、國際旅遊合作區、國際產能合作示範基地、加工貿易合作基地。同時，為充分發揮該試驗區沿邊區位優勢，廣西將在中越憑祥—同登跨境經濟合作區、憑祥綜合保稅區、中泰(崇左)產業園，友誼關口岸關檢「三個一」(一次查驗、一次申報、一次放行)試點、沿邊金融綜合改革、互市貿易合作社及結算中心試點、個人跨境貿易人民幣結算試點、設立人民幣對東盟貨幣掛牌交易分中心、跨境電子商務等方面先行先試。
- Smuggling
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20160106/00178_030.html 位於中越邊境的廣西防城港市，走私犯罪活動猖獗，當地不少民眾相信「走私致富」，加入走私大軍。有婦孺在村道路私設關卡，向走私車輛收取「過路費」，甚至連未成年人也放棄學業參與走私。近年走私團夥又轉趨「螞蟻搬家」的方式，令當局難以一網打盡。
- The Cho Dong Xuan wholesale market for made-in-China toys in Hanoi, Vietnam http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/cndy/2014-12/29/content_19187762.htm One owner from the Vietnamese capital said that almost all the toys for sale in her shop are imported from China, and mainly from Guangdong province. "Most of the toys made in Vietnam are hand-made. Although their quality is better than made-in-China toys, they don't look as pretty and are expensive," she says. "By contrast, the toys made in China come from machines on vast production lines. The production cost is low, so of course the toys can be sold at a lower price."
- http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2014/12/31/a54-1231.pdf china vietnam trade, commerce and tourism event
- 峴港
- pork
- Investors from China
- http://www.scmp.com/news/asia/diplomacy/article/1771526/vietnam-asked-us-form-strategic-pact-counter-china-philippine A new “strategic partnership” being negotiated between two states fending off China’s maritime claims in the South China Sea was suggested by Vietnam, Philippine President Benigno Aquino has revealed. It had been widely assumed that the proposed pact between Vietnam and the Philippines was initiated by Manila, which has taken a high-profile stand against China.
- investors from Taiwan
Macau
- delegation from Macau
Hong Kong
- consul general in hk
- officials visit
- impact of TPP
- business cooperation
- retail
- riot in May 2014
- investors from Hong Kong
- kiv
Topics of interest
- 峴港
- 中國企業近年湧入越南投資，其中有中資背景企業買入越南峴港軍用機場附近七十七幅土地，引發當地傳媒關注，擔憂帶來「安全威脅」。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20160114/00178_011.html
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20160317/00178_007.html 中國與越南關係風波不斷之際，越南受厄爾尼諾影響，面臨九十年來最嚴重旱災，日前遂請求雲南水電站放水協助解困。中方確認前日已將水電站下洩流量加大應付越南需求。
- http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-03-18/mekong-river-thailand-diverts-worries-neighbours/7256678Thailand has started pumping water from the Mekong River into its own waterways, sparking concern from downstream countries like Vietnam, which is suffering its worst drought in almost a century.
- 綠地控股日前與越南有關方面簽署了5億美元農產品進口協議，據其透露，下一步綠地還將關注越南基建、產業園以及金融等領域的機會。根據協議，綠地將在越南同塔省及其他省份採購總額為5億美元的農產品，以新鮮和半加工蔬果為主，並將在越南開展長期採購和持續合作。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2017/12/21/b04-1221.pdf
- pork
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20160517/00178_017.html中國上月生豬需求量激增，商人轉到越南搶購，令當地生豬價格大幅上漲，更引發養殖浪潮。惟越南傳媒指近期中國買家不明原因下停止收購，令越南生豬價格應聲暴跌，有商人認為如果情況持續，不只他們，越南不少養豬戶都會因此傾家蕩產。
- Investors from China
- 越採措施挽華企投資信心 http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2014/09/07/b02-0907.pdf
- 越南永新燃煤電廠一期BOT項目昨日正式開工建設，當日從南方電網公司總部了解到，該項目是目前中國企業在越南投資規模最大的電廠，也是中國企業在越南首個BOT（建設－經營－轉讓）電力項目。中新社報道稱，當天開工儀式後，中國國務院副總理張高麗，越南政府副總理阮春福看望、慰問了中越雙方項目建設人員，聽取了中國南方電網公司和越南工貿部關於項目進展情況的匯報。來自南方電網公司的資料顯示，越南永新一期項目位於越南平順省，建設規模為兩台60萬千瓦級超臨界火電機組，預計總投資17.55億美元。項目由南方電網公司控股，建設總承包商為中能建廣東電力設計研究院有限公司與廣東火電工程有限公司組成的聯合體。該項目建設期為4年，特許運營期25年，期滿後將無償移交給越南政府。項目貸款由中國國家開發銀行、中國銀行等組成的銀團提供。預計2018年底一號機組投運，2019年上半年全廠投運。越南永新項目於2006年11月中越雙方在河內簽訂開發備忘錄，在雙方政府高層的不斷推動下，歷經近9年努力，終於開工建設。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2015/07/19/a09-0719.pdf
- 中青基業（1182）昨宣佈，集團已於周一與Sports and Entertainment Services Joint Stock Company（SES）訂立協議，提供硬件及軟件（競賽系統）予SES於其越南賽狗業務上使用。協議固定年期為10年，隨後可再續期10年。估計集團將於協議首十二個月期間獲取不少於270萬美元的收入。SES乃一間於越南成立之海外投資企業，自2000年起每星期於越南唯一一個及廣受越南公眾和旅客好評的賽狗場-Ba Ria Vung Tau省Lam Son Stadium舉行賽事。另外，中青同時發盈警，預期截至9月底止中期虧損，將按年進一步擴大。該股昨日收報1.41港元，無升跌。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2015/10/14/b02-1014.pdf
- http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2015/11/06/b03-1106.pdf中國飛 機租賃（1848）昨公佈，與越南廉航捷 星太平洋航空達成兩架全新空客A320飛 機的租賃意向，擬明年7月至8月交付。 捷星太平洋航空是中國飛機租賃首家東 南亞航空公司客戶。 力拓海外市場份額 國際航空運輸協會（IATA）預計，越 南航空市場將於 2017年成為全球第七增 長最快市場。據世銀數據顯示，2009年 至 2014年間越南的航空旅客數量增長超 過120%。中國飛機租賃飛機貿易及全球 市場推廣部高級副總裁 Jens Dunker 表 示，捷星太平洋航空與母公司越南航空 正實行雙品牌策略，市佔率共達七成。 中國飛機租賃的機隊由 57架現役空客 和波音客機組成，平均機齡3.8歲。集團 現有 111架空客訂單等待交付，並計劃 在 2022年機隊規模增至 168架，其客戶 包括中國及亞洲的新成立航空公司。集 團提高海外市場份額，目標於 2020 年 前，海外及國內航空公司的客戶比例各 佔一半。 捷星太平洋航空於 2008年成立，是越 南首家廉航公司。越南航空持有捷星太 平洋航空 70%股份，澳航集團則持股 30%。
- http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20151212/PDF/b1_screen.pdf即將改名為勝龍國際的中青基業（01182）宣佈，在越南訂立兩項協議，為當地酒店經營電子博彩機廳，從而把業務推向國際，擴闊收入來源。 根據協議，中青基業與越南胡志明市艾美酒店擁有人合作，合作於該酒店經營電子博彩機廳，提供外判電子博彩機管理服務，為期最少10年。 另外，集團亦與越南峴港市酒店及商業綜合建築One Opera Hotel擁有人訂立另一項管理協議，獨家管理該酒店內電子博彩機廳的有獎電子機械遊戲服務，首期協議為期10年，期滿後可按集團決定續期10年。http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/bizchina/2016-01/04/content_22917284.htm
- http://europe.chinadaily.com.cn/business/2016-04/21/content_24724852.htm Bank of China's Ho Chi Minh City Branch signed here Wednesday a $103 million syndicated loan for a Vietnam-based subsidiary of leading Chinese yarn manufacturer Texhong Textile Group, partly helping foster the good investment and trade relations between the two countries. The loan, provided by eight foreign and Vietnamese banks, including Bank of China's Ho Chi Minh City Branch, will be used to broaden and deepen production of Texhong Galaxy Technology Company which was established in the northern province of Quang Ninh with investment capital of $300 million. Now, Texhong Textile Group, a leading cotton textile manufacturer in the world, has four production bases in Vietnam. At the syndicated term loan signing ceremony on Wednesday evening, Director of Bank of China's Ho Chi Minh City Branch Wang Hao said that thanks to Chinese firms' expanded investment in Vietnam and relevant stakeholders' involvement, the bank has had opportunities to enhance its financial services' performance in the country, contributing to the fine economic ties between China and Vietnam. According to the Director of Bank of China's Ho Chi Minh City Branch, the two-way trade between China and Vietnam will surpass $100 billion this year, and Vietnam will overtake Malaysia to become China's biggest trading partner in Southeast Asia.
- http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2016/07/27/b07-0727.pdf光大國際（0257）昨宣佈中標越南芹 苴市垃圾發電項目，正式進軍東南亞垃圾綜合處理市 場，光大國際將在越南打造第一座無害化、減量化、資 源化的垃圾發電項目。
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20160927/00178_015.html越南一間中資工廠因在外牆繪畫七座山及寫上「勅令山海」等符咒字樣，引起當地居民的好奇和擔憂。越方近日經初步調查認為，工廠老闆涉嫌違反越南廣告法及風俗傳統，應將涉事風水圖剷除，否則將採取法律行動。廣南省大祿縣文化資訊局局長鄭龐萬表示，該工廠此前曾申請在廠內建造一座小廟，但遭當局駁回。越方初步調查認為，廠方違反越南廣告法，且牆上展示的內容涉 及迷信，也違反越南風俗傳統。他表示，牆上風水圖或許只是工廠祈福求好運之舉，但工廠負責人仍應將其剷除，否則將採取法律行動，此事件已上報至該省文化體 育旅遊廳。
- scmp 18nov18 asia weekly "trading places" chinese firms heading south and relocating to vietnam
- 越南摩托車市場龐大，不少中國摩托車企曾大 量出口整車爭奪市場，卻在日本品牌的夾擊中黯然 離場。而專注電動摩托車生產的雅迪卻 「明知山有 虎，偏向虎山行」 ，落子越南建立首條海外電動摩 托車生產線。雅迪董事長董經貴向大公報記者解釋 ，越南國情與中國相似，有巨大的市場空間。京北集團是越南工業園區基礎設施 的主要開發商之一，這家公司的高管告 訴大公報記者，最近許多中國企業到越 南投資設廠，他們看好的是越南日益融 入國際舞台，越南和主要經濟體都簽訂 了避免雙重關稅協議，為越南持續創造 優惠投資環境做出了很大貢獻。http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20191226/PDF/a16_screen.pdf
- chinese legacy to kiv
Philippines- Chùa Linh Ứng in ba na hills (once administered by french colonists)
- http://www.scmp.com/news/asia/diplomacy/article/1771526/vietnam-asked-us-form-strategic-pact-counter-china-philippine A new “strategic partnership” being negotiated between two states fending off China’s maritime claims in the South China Sea was suggested by Vietnam, Philippine President Benigno Aquino has revealed. It had been widely assumed that the proposed pact between Vietnam and the Philippines was initiated by Manila, which has taken a high-profile stand against China.
In an exclusive interview with the South China Morning Post, the Philippine president said China’s moves in the South China Sea were even more alarming than a year ago, when he likened global inaction to China’s push to appeasing Hitler – comments that angered China. In the interview last Thursday, Aquino stood by his remarks. Pulling out a map of the South China Sea, he said: “Perhaps it’s even worse today.”
Taiwan- investors from Taiwan
- http://www.scmp.com/news/asia/article/1753790/thousands-strike-nikeadidas-shoe-factory-vietnam Thousands of Vietnamese workers at a major footwear factory were on strike for a sixth day yesterday over a social insurance law in a move seen as a rare challenge to government policy. Several thousand people at the Taiwanese-owned Pou Yuen factory in southern Ho Chi Minh City began the stoppage last week. Pou Yuen Vietnam, which employs more than 80,000 workers, is a subsidiary of Pou Chen Group and makes footwear for Nike, Adidas and other firms.
- http://www.dailymail.co.uk/wires/afp/article-3809519/Vietnam-fishermen-sue-Taiwan-firm-mass-fish-deaths.html Hundreds of fishermen in central Vietnam have filed lawsuits demanding more compensation from a Taiwanese firm accused of dumping toxic waste in the ocean that killed tonnes of fish, activists said Tuesday. The mass fish deaths in April ravaged livelihoods in communities along the central coast, where fishing is the main source of income. In a rare case of civic action against big business in authoritarian Vietnam, large crowds of fishermen have swamped a courthouse in Ha Tinh province since Monday to file 506 lawsuits against Taiwanese conglomerate Formosa. The company says it has already paid $500 million in compensation after Vietnamese officials blamed its multi-billion-dollar steel plant in the area for the fish deaths. But local fishermen said they have yet to receive any money and are demanding Formosa close its plant and provide additional payouts. Photos and videos on social media showed hundreds gathered outside the courthouse in the town of Ky Anh wearing white T-shirts printed with an image of a fish skeleton and chanting passages from the Bible.
"We demand compensation from Formosa and closure of the plant in Vietnam and ask them to clean up the environment in the area," said Dang Huu Nam, a Catholic priest helping lead the activists. https://www.ft.com/content/70febf6a-8b89-11e6-8cb7-e7ada1d123b1 - 台商寶成集團於越南同奈省開設的鞋廠，上周六傳出有數千名工人不滿廠方計劃於來年推出新的薪酬制度，上街罷工，事件足足擾攘數小時才平息。http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20180326/00178_020.html
- 越南兩間台資鞋廠近期接連傳出工人集體中毒事故，超過一百一十名員工突然出現暈眩、嘔吐等中毒症狀。由於早前曾有外資鞋廠被查出工人可能吸入製鞋原料釋出的化學成分致暈倒，目前涉事台資鞋廠已停工，警方等單位正調查事故原因。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20191125/00178_013.html
- scmp 7apr19 "the lie of the island" thousands of vietnamese migrant workers are being lured to taiwan by unscrupulous brokers peddling false promises of high wages and good living conditions. Heavily indebted, many go missing, preferring a life in shadows to one in bondage
- delegation from Macau
- http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2015/04/23/b05-0423.pdf 日前，澳門東盟國際商會組織商務考察團赴越南參訪交流，考察 團一行在胡志明市分別考察了外資酒店投資與管理、三百公頃的新 順興保稅區、工廠企業等，以及在峴港、會安等地考察了旅遊發展 狀況，並和越南商界舉行企業配對交流會。雙方代表認為，澳門與 越南在資源和地理上皆有着獨特優勢，存在着互補互惠的良好商 機，可合作參與和助力推動中國「一帶一路」的戰略發展建設。
Hong Kong
- consul general in hk
- http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/education-community/article/1851943/vietnams-consul-general-loves-hong-kong-not-its
- Trivia - 黃秋生因為是私生子，4歲時母子就遭生父遺棄，童年時生活過得淒慘、顛沛流離，在灣仔地區搬來搬去。黃母曾當女傭，在一個南越駐港領事家中打工https://hk.entertainment.appledaily.com/entertainment/daily/article/20180304/20321517
- 20-24 lochhart rd wan chai tel 28653218 email hk@moit.gov.vn
- officials visit
- http://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/201411/21/P201411210810.htm The Secretary for Commerce and Economic Development, Mr Gregory So, attended the 14th Asia-Pacific Conference of German Business in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, today (November 21). The theme of the Conference this year is "Understanding Trends and Perspectives."http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20141122/PDF/a6_screen.pdf
- http://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/201411/22/P201411220771.htm In the morning, he visited a coffee factory owned by a Hong Kong enterprise to learn about its operation and business. He also exchanged views with the management of the factory to understand more about the business opportunities in Vietnam for Hong Kong companies. http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20141123/PDF/a16_screen.pdf
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20160513/00176_010.html入境處一名助理處長將於本月內率團出訪越南，與當地執法機關會面，反映越南籍人士偷渡來港，以及以非法途徑抵港的越南人在港提出免遣返聲請的現況，同時冀與越南方面建立聯絡點，加快雙方溝通及情報交換，期望找出遏止當地「假難民」湧港的有效措施。
- http://www.hkcd.com.hk/pdf/201608/0817/HZ14817CLBA.pdf carrie lam, cs , visit
- 政務司司長林鄭月娥昨日開始河內的訪問行程，她上午與越南工業與貿易部部長陳俊英會面，鞏固香港特別行政區一直以來與越南建立的經貿關係。她向陳俊英介紹香港最新經濟發展情況，並指出香港獨具優勢，是作為區內投資者包括越南，進入中國內地的門戶。她相信東南亞國家聯盟（東盟）與香港日後的自由貿易協定，將為香港和越南帶來更多商機，期盼越南繼續支持盡快完成該協定的磋商。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2016/08/18/a12-0818.pdf
- http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2016/09/15/a14-0915.pdf越南總理阮春 福昨日首次率領官方代 表團訪港，並出席中華 總商會與越南工商會合 辦 的 「 港 越 商 界 交 流 會」。他表示，支持東 盟與香港自由貿易協議 （FTA），讓香港更加深 入東盟經濟體。阮春福 今日（15日）將與行政長 官梁振英會面，反映增加 越港航班的問題，並希望 香港加大對越南的經貿投 資。署理行政長官袁國強 昨日出席「港越商界交流 會」時表示，香港與東盟 近年經貿往來日趨頻繁， 相信隨着FTA稍後正式落 實，將有助進一步刺激區 內的貿易和投資增長。http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20160915/PDF/b7_screen.pdf香港中華總商會與越南工商會昨日聯合主辦 「港越商界 交流會」 ，並邀得越南總理阮春福及署理行政長官袁國強擔任主禮嘉賓， 介紹越港兩地營商與投資狀況，並探討彼此工商企業的合作前景與發展商 機。中總永遠名譽會長蔡冠深、越南工商會主席武進祿亦分別代表主辦單 位致辭、簽署港越工商團體合作備忘錄，並與現場嘉賓一同見證越南、內 地和香港的工商企業簽訂多份合作協議。
- http://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/201704/27/P2017042700745.htmOfficials from the Education Bureau met with the Ministry of Education and Training of Vietnam at a bilateral meeting in Hanoi, Vietnam, today (April 27). Both sides agreed to follow up and work towards the objective of launching the Hong Kong Scholarship for "Belt and Road" Students (Vietnam) in the 2018/19 academic year, with a view to attracting outstanding Vietnamese students to pursue undergraduate studies in Hong Kong.
- Yau spoke exclusively to the Post at the end of his five-day trip to Cambodia and Vietnam last week. He led a delegation of more than 40 leaders from the city’s major business chambers, professional bodies, start-ups and manufacturers, and met Vietnam Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc as well as Cambodia’s commerce minister Pan Sorasak and public works minister Sun Chanthol. It was Hong Kong’s first official trade delegation since the city signed two long-awaited free-trade agreements in November with the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (Asean). The deals allow Hong Kong businesses to enjoy lower tariffs, fewer restrictions and better protection in the bloc’s 10-member countries in future. http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/economy/article/2138817/tech-and-public-works-drive-growth-hong-kong-businesses
- 國家禁毒委副主任曾偉雄應越南政府邀請，本月九日至十二日率團前往當地，出席「加強打擊跨國毒品犯罪合作部長級會議」。這次召開會議是為應對越南國內及周邊日益嚴峻的毒品犯罪活動，加強國際禁毒合作。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20190919/00176_030.html
- 二戰前，越南作為法國殖民地，是法屬印度支那一部分。法國保留了各地王室，當作代理人管治，越南末代國王保大1925年繼位，就長期和法國人合作，甘於「保護國國主」的角色。後來二戰爆發，法國軍隊在日軍面前不堪一擊，日本為宣傳「大東亞共榮圈」，拉攏越南「共同抗擊歐洲殖民者」，慫恿保大在戰爭結束前夕的1945年3月11日，宣佈越南獨立，建立「越南帝國」，宣佈對越南全部領土擁有主權。事實上，保大的政權如同汪精衛政府一樣，都是日本的傀儡政權，得不到盟國承認。當時反對保大帝的組織，以左翼革命人士胡志明領導的「越南獨立同盟會」為首。在二戰接近尾聲時在河內奪權，要求保大退位，廢除帝制，結果保大在8月30日退位，結束了短暫的「帝國」。就在這時，香港成了越南各方避難的大後方。「越南民主共和國」成立之際，保大一度被委任為「最高顧問」，但保大感覺到人身危機，借出訪中國考察的機會避走香港，試圖在英殖民政府庇佑下度過餘生。他在香港的居所就在淺水灣一帶，不少老一輩香港人，都會說出「越南皇」在香港的種種傳奇。當時法國也企圖恢復殖民管治，和胡志明政權爆發法越戰爭，不斷說服保大出面組建新傀儡政權。保大終於在1949年4月離開香港，在越南南部成立「越南國」，與北越對峙。1949年不但是越南內戰的白熱化階段，也是國共內戰的尾聲。國民黨雖然敗局已呈，但依然有割據一方的慾望，特別是統治廣西多年的李宗仁、白崇禧等實力派「新桂系」軍閥，希望以反蔣、反共的「第三勢力」維持局面。廣西與越南接壤，桂系傳統上與法越當局緊密交往，加上當時廣州灣還是法國屬地，李宗仁、白崇禧等從前下野時，也到過越南避難，法越當局發現後不但沒有驅逐，反而派人保護，以免蔣介石加害。在內戰後期，桂系多次派人出使越南，希望能在越南建立根據地。當時大陸已接近淪陷，桂系的「越南計劃」執行方略，不少就是在流亡香港、海外的桂係人員制訂。只是保大帝對昔日國民政府拒絕承認耿耿於懷，雖然有越共這共同敵人，但對捲入中國內戰態度消極，法國在中共軍隊警告下，也不敢公然收編桂軍，以免中共越過邊境。結果桂軍（也包括其他國民政府軍）進入越南後，就被繳械，乃至被囚於集中營，歷盡艱辛，最終無功而返，有辦法的會逃到香港，訊息就是這樣傳開來。這段經歷，在流亡香港的新桂系「四巨頭」之一的廣西省政府主席黃旭初的回憶錄，有詳細披露。假如局勢丕變，香港－廣西－越南這條路線，在冷戰會否發揮更多作用，尚未可知。不僅保大帝在香港曾作寓公，越共領袖胡志明與香港也有淵源，而且更為關鍵。胡志明年輕時化名「阮愛國」，不僅是越南第一個共產黨人，還與孫中山、周恩來等相熟。1925年，胡志明為支持香歷史上第一次大型群眾運動「省港大罷工」，特地到廣州，以粵語發表演說，這種「越粵港身份認同」，只有在還使用漢字的舊越南時代才會出現（順帶一提，胡志明漢學根底甚深，掌權後卻提倡去漢字化）。胡志明創辦「越南青年革命同志會」，向越南社會傳播共產主義的地方，也是在廣州。至1928年前後，「越南青年革命同志會」在中國南方和越南社會的聲勢都十分浩大，法國殖民者、中國國民黨一度對胡志明共同圍剿。為此，胡志明將活動基地轉移到香港。
不久越南左翼運動星火燎原，國內出現多個山頭，彼此缺乏協調，解決這問題的地方，也是香港。1930年，胡志明化名「宋文初」進入香港，以共產國際代表身份，召集越南各個共產組織代表，舉行統一大會。當年2月，胡志明起草的各項章程被與會代表通過，統一的「越南共產黨」在香港成立，目標就是越南獨立。有趣的是，「越南共產黨」這一強調民族獨立的「本土化」訴求，一經提出，卻受到來自共產運動的批判，認為這類口號過於民族主義、忽視了國際共產主義運動的精神。1930年10月，「越共中央委員會第一次全體會議」又是在香港召開，會上將組織更名為「印度支那共產黨」，可見印支共黨運動和香港淵源之深。1931年，印支共產黨正式加入共產國際，不少成員都是華裔。後來中共建政後，「印支局」不少地下黨員繼續活躍香港，和香港的地下黨有千絲萬縷的聯繫，不過這是別話，按下不表。共產國際印支局在香港成立後，核心組織幹部很快就被法國殖民者逮捕，胡志明本人也在香港被港英政府拘捕。港英當局一直知道其人其事，至於如何處理，則很考政治智慧。胡志明否認自己是法國通緝的共產運動人士「阮愛國」，港英沒有即時將其引渡回越南，而是關押在域多利監獄。1930年8月，港英政府曾決定將胡志明引渡，胡志明的代表律師Francis Loseby據理力爭，成功申請人身保護令，代表胡志明申訴至英國樞密院。就這樣，爭取了近一年時間，胡志明也在香港渡過了平靜的牢獄歲月。直到1932年7月，港英和胡志明的律師在英國樞密院調解下達成協議，英國形式上「驅逐」胡志明，但不得限定目標地點，胡志明因此得以免於被遣返越南，也不用面對法國捕殺。1933年，胡志明在在港英安排下，前往同屬英國殖民地的新加坡，被新加坡拒絕入境，又輾轉前往廈門，就此逃出生天。港英上述安排，皆向法越當局隱瞞；為了減輕來自法方的壓力，胡志明的律師高調在香港散播「胡志明病逝」的消息，港英政府對此不予表態。其中默契，頗堪玩味。從中不難看到，港英殖民時期的香港，與「越南帝國」和「越共」領袖都有交集，當時的英法遠東博弈，正是以香港為漩渦中心展開，繼而波及中國內戰。香港歷史上的國際身份，與及「白手套」功能，可見一斑。http://www.ir-basilica.com/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E8%88%87%E6%98%94%E6%97%A5%E7%9A%84%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B/
- scmp 28oct15
- http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20160902/PDF/b17_screen.pdf, http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20180902/PDF/a19_screen.pdf
- scmp go asia vietnam supp 22nov17
- impact of TPP
- http://www.scmp.com/business/global-economy/article/1870658/vietnams-budding-industries-standout-gainer-trade-pact Analysts at Daiwa said the boon to Vietnam could indirectly benefit some Hong Kong textile companies. The broker recommended shares of Shenzhou International Group Holdings, Texhong Textile Group and Pacific Textiles Holdings. All three companies have operations in Vietnam and are expected to tap the expected surge in shipments to the US and Japan as tariffs are removed. How much those tariffs will be whittled down is still uncertain, as the final text of the trade pact is still being drafted. Daiwa forecasts the tariff cut will significantly increase Vietnam's competitiveness against Chinese exporters. Textile shipments to the US face an import tariff of 12 to 20 per cent, against 10 to 25 per cent for those from China.
- http://economists-pick-research.hktdc.com/business-news/article/Research-Articles/Vietnam-s-Demand-for-Hong-Kong-Services-InStyle-Hong-Kong-Expo-Survey/rp/en/1/1X32LK39/1X0AG6ZJ.htm In developing export businesses, Vietnamese companies will need partners with strong logistics capabilities to fulfil the customs requirements and delivery schedules of overseas orders. With international distribution expertise, Hong Kong logistics and supply chain management services providers are well-positioned to collaborate with Vietnamese suppliers in selling to overseas markets. In addition to using Hong Kong as a springboard to the global market, there is great potential for Hong Kong-Vietnam partnership in building Vietnamese brands in overseas markets. For example, Hong Kong’s marketing, product development, testing and certification services could help Vietnamese exports to meet the product standards and local tastes in Asian and western markets.While Hong Kong is well-known as an international financial centre, there is also a large scope for the city’s design and marketing industries to gain exposure among the Vietnamese business community. During the ISHK event, Vietnamese companies expressed keen interest in the design and branding services provided by Hong Kong companies. For instance, a coffee processing and trading company has told the HKTDC that it is looking for packaging design services to enhance the competitiveness of its coffee products in other Asian markets. With extensive experience in regional markets, Hong Kong creative professionals and branding consultants are ideal partners for Vietnamese companies to upgrade their products and expand in Asia.
- business cooperation
- http://www.hkcd.com.hk/pdf/201512/1204/HZ16C04CSTA.pdf hkcgcc signed mou with a vietnam trade association, cgcc mag jan16 issue
- 香港越南商會創會會長、香港中華總商會永遠名譽會長、新華集團主席蔡冠深博士近日主辦連串活動，全力推動港越經貿合作。廣寧省人民委員會副主席阮文誠等向來賓詳細介紹了廣寧的投資環境，該省位處越南東北部，與中國廣西接壤。人口約120萬，勞動人口約六成，共有25所大專院校，擁有眾多優質人力資源。他透露，廣寧省共有104個有效外資項目，註冊資金近51億美元，當中，實際到位36億多美元。大型外資項目包括中國的天虹紡織，第二蒙陽熱電廠、升龍水泥廠等。廣寧省大力簡化引資體制和手續，辦理投資手續的時間僅為政府規定時間的三分之二。當晚，蔡博士設宴招待越南來賓及部分在港央企及港資企業負責人，包括中銀香港、國開行香港分行、國泰君安國際集團、中信國際資產管理公司，以及太古集團的主要負責人出席。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2016/04/20/a15-0420.pdf
- retail
- 外資企業連環開店，日本AEON在越南開設約100間商店。時尚的自助式便利店亦遍地開花，Circle K便是其中一例。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2017/06/28/b03-0628.pdf
- 通力 電子（01249）公布截至去年12月底止全年 業績，純利2.23億元，增長12.3%，每股基 本盈利87.24仙，末期息每股30仙。執行董 事兼首席財務官任學農表示，為規避貿易 戰，正在越南籌建工廠，料明年投入服務 ，投資額約2000萬美元。http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20190316/PDF/a19_screen.pdf
- 越南航空公司越捷昨正式宣佈，4月19日正式運行新航線，往來香港與越南富國島，每星期設4班來回航班，航程大約2小時45分鐘。一般而言，航班將於上午10時50分（越南時間）從富國島起飛，14時35分抵達香港；回程航班將於15時40分從香港起飛，於17時25分（越南時間）抵達富國島。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2019/04/10/b02-0410.pdf
- http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20160422/PDF/a7_screen.pdf黃志忠指，隨?香港與越南之間更多平價直航航班的開通，越南日益成為香港人旅行度假的熱門選擇，每年有超過50萬的香港遊客到訪。根據越南國家旅遊局公佈的數據，今年首兩個月前往越南旅遊的外國遊客達163.9萬人次，增長最多的國家和地區，一是增長169.9%的香港，二是增長48.8%的內地。
- catering
- poultry
- 南華僑黎友發（Tommy，23歲）。他與香港無任何關係，但一年最少要來香港四次，視為第二個家鄉，要聽到廣東話才心安。他每次都要在香港「掃街」，第一次「掃街」就決定要將香港小食變為自己的生意。https://hk.news.appledaily.com/local/daily/article/20180826/20484710在胡志明市，港式茶樓亦大行其道，其中2015年底開業的「點都得」更獲不少旅客推薦，「點都得」經理鄭佩琼向《蘋果》指，餐廳各主要部門員工都是由香港挖角過去，確保香港味道百分百在越南重現，難怪連初試點心的越南人亦讚不絕口https://hk.news.appledaily.com/local/daily/article/20180826/20484712
- poultry
- 食物安全中心昨晚宣佈，因應世界動物 衛生組織通報指越南廣治省爆發高致病性 H5N6禽流感，及韓國當局通報指，該國江 原道、慶尚南道及仁川、世宗和釜山三個 巿爆發高致病性 H5N6 禽流感，中心即時 禁止上述地區的禽肉及禽類產品（包括禽 蛋）進口。 中心發言人表示， 香港現時與越南只建立禽蛋進口機制， 並無禽肉進口機制，本港去年沒有從該國 進口禽蛋。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2017/03/22/a15-0322.pdf
- film
- elderly
- http://en.xfafinance.com/html/Companies/2017/352635.shtml Financial group Blue HK from China's Hong Kong has signed an investment agreement to back Vietnamese cinema startup Beta Media. Under the agreement, Beta Media is valued at 600 billion Vietnamese dong (some 26.5 million U.S. dollars), reported local newspaper Vietnam Economic Times Tuesday. With the funding from Blue HK, the Vietnamese company will open six more multiplex cinemas in more localities and screen its self-made films this year. Established in 2015, Beta Media currently has four cinemas in Hanoi, northern Thai Nguyen province, and southern Dong Nai province. As of late 2016, Vietnam's cinema market was dominated by five major players, which held a market share of 98 percent, namely CJ-CGV (43 percent), Lotte (30 percent), Platinum (10 per cent), Galaxy (9 per cent), and BHD (6 percent), according to a report from South Korean securities company KDB Daewoo.
- 香港教育大學昨日與6所越南主要師範大學簽署為期3年的合作備忘，加強大學間的學術交流和協作，同時推動兩地大學在歷史、文化、經濟和社會生活等方面的相互了解和認識。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2018/05/09/a21-0509.pdf
- elderly
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20170819/00176_110.html立法會議員葛珮帆（EQ）、容海恩（Eunice）同何君堯就乘機去越南胡志明市出席一個論壇，同亞洲及太平洋地區嘅議員、專家討論人口老化問題。
- 由越南駐港副總領事館及中小企未來學院共同籌辦的「投資在越南2019」活動日前正式揭幕。活動為期一年，其間將舉辦多次越南商貿考察團、越南相關產業座談會及越南在港商貿展覽。越南駐港副領事范志強、中小企未來學院聯合創辦人張程華及趙公梃、中小企未來學院籌委會成員林資健及陳豪展、金源米業副主席兼行政總裁林世豪、越南駐港副總領事阮維堅、立法會議員郭偉強等為活動主禮。中小企未來學院致力為中小企行政人員籌辦各項專業考察團、講座及培訓。在過去一年裡，學院籌辦了一系列關於新興商業領域的研討會，讓更多中小企聚焦於包括越南和阿拉伯國家在內，擁有巨大潛力的新興市場。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2018/11/05/a13-1105.pdf
- http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20160415/PDF/a22_screen.pdf 香港中華總商會與香港越南商會將合辦座談會，邀請由越南駐華大使鄧明魁帶領的代表團一行，剖析有關越南最新投資概況及相互交流。香港中華總商會永遠名譽會長、香港越南商會會長蔡冠深，越南駐港總領事黃志忠等出席座談。
- 繼2012年6月及2013年10月之後，中國紡織品進出口商會與香港紡織商會將第三度聯合組團，於今年11月8日至12日期間赴越南考察。行程主要是參觀越南南、北兩面一些具代表性的工業園和由內地及香港投資開設的大型紡織服裝企業。考察團在越北的河內市期間，除參觀外，亦將與當地相關的政府官員、行業組織等召開研討會，進一步了解越南的投資環境和紡織服裝業的發展情況。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2015/10/16/b07-1016.pdf
- 中國紡織品進出口商會與香港紡織商會再度聯合組團，於11月8日至12日期間到越南進行交流活動，進一步了解當地紡織業的發展情況。這是兩會於2011年8月正式簽訂了《交流合作協議》以來，第三度攜手組團外訪，今次更邀得香港紡織業聯會為協辦單位，參團人數達46位。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2015/12/14/b07-1214.pdf
- http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20160913/PDF/a22_screen.pdf8月15─17日，新華集團主席蔡冠深帶領七十餘位香港商界及專業界 人士考察越南，團員分別來自香港中華總商會、香港越南商會、香港東盟 經濟合作基金會與香港天津工商專業婦女委員會，而所屬行業則涵蓋金融 、地產、零售、製造等，陣容鼎盛。蔡冠深在接受本報訪問時總結了是次考 察。他指，這次越南行，代表團先行拜會了 胡志明市人民委員會主席阮成峰，並與十餘 位不同政府部門的官員座談，共話發展；其 後代表團參加了香港中華總商會與香港駐新 加坡經貿辦合辦的東盟區域合作論壇及午餐 會。活動邀得香港政務司司長林鄭月娥主禮 ，而受邀嘉賓除來自越南官方外，還包括當 地的華僑華人。越南外交部則組織了十一省 市的官員與代表團會面，省長、商務專員們 與代表團成員共話商機；最後，代表團拜訪 了越南工商會位於胡志明市的總部，深化項 目對接，落實推動早前訂立的合作內容。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2016/09/13/a11-0913.pdf
- 香港僑界社團聯會青年委員會組織青年企業家赴越南胡志明市考察交流。這是該會為響應「一帶一路」倡議，繼去年北上到訪內地新疆、外訪蒙古國後，今年再出訪「一帶一路」沿線國家越南，別具意義。交流團由香港僑界社團聯會副會長梁志明任榮譽團長，青年委員會副秘書長唐志華任團長。團員此行參與當地大型商貿展覽，參訪華僑企業及文化機構，以及了解港企在越投資狀況，體驗當地文化生活。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2017/07/25/a15-0725.pdf
- 香港文昌同 鄉會（下稱同鄉 會）2018年越南 學習考察團一行 於10月20日拜訪 了胡志明市瓊府 會館，得到會長吳 清華、常值副理事長 陳健智、副理事長林 明輝以及一眾理事成員的 熱情款待。http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20181031/PDF/b1_screen.pdf
- 香港中華總商會青年委員會﹙中總青委會﹚日前組團赴越南胡志明市進行為期3天的考察訪問。考察團由該會副會長楊華勇、青委會主席林智彬等率領，其間拜訪當地政府領導及商會成員，實地考察大型項目、企業等，並與當地青創企業家深入交流，共同探討港越兩地經貿往來的最新進展及合作機遇。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2019/05/15/a18-0515.pdf
- riot in May 2014
- 港商亦遭殃 局面倘失控勢撤資 http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20140518/00176_008.html
- HK firms shutting Vietnam plants after riots http://www.scmp.com/news/asia/article/1515912/few-factories-hit-vietnams-anti-china-riots-were-mainland-chinese-owned
- 東南亞動盪 港商進退兩難 http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20140521/00176_088.html
- http://www.hkcd.com.hk/pdf/201405/0521/HZ13521Claa.pdf
- HKSAR government offer assistance http://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/201405/21/P201405210874.htm, http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2014/05/22/a18-0522.pdf
- aftermath - Luen Tai (Chan Henry) and Jonathan Choi real estate business hkej 16dec14 a11
- http://www.scmp.com/news/article/1852015/let-vietnamese-work-hong-kong-maids-consul-general-says
- 相對澳門已引入兩萬名越南女傭，香港依然大門緊閉。黃志忠説，希望港府考慮開放勤力的越傭到港工作。根據入境處的數字，現時約逾五千名越南人在香港居住。黃志忠介紹，在港越南人大部分都取得了香港永久居留權，職業範疇廣泛，有律師、老師、工程師等專業人士，“教育程度低一些的，可能在餐廳裏工作，他們聚居在元朗，不少已和香港人結婚”。他提及香港與東盟間正在草擬的自由貿易協定，強調該協定不僅意味?雙方商品的自由往來，還包括資金和人口，預計兩至三年時間可出台。http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20160422/PDF/a7_screen.pdf
- http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/economy/article/2112586/hong-kong-close-lifting-visa-ban-domestic-workers-vietnam-top Hong Kong may lift its ban on domestic workers from Vietnam in a matter of months, Hanoi’s top diplomat in the city has said, in a bid to stave off a crisis of care for the local ageing population.
- ernst and young vietnam
- huong vu, tax partner, hanoi tax market leader
- trang pham, tax partner
- nga thuy vuong, tax manager
- speaker at fhki sem on vietnam on 15sep2017
- investors from Hong Kong
- sunwah
- http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20170824/PDF/a19_screen.pdf
- 繼在河內設立了越南境內第一所蔡冠深文化中心後，應越南總理邀請，香港新華集團將在今年力推第二所文化中心落戶該國胡志明市。香港中華總商會會長、新華集團主席蔡冠深日前出席中國（遼寧）--越南旅遊文化經貿交流會暨新華助力「一帶一路」沿線旅遊文化走進遼寧項目啟動禮時表示，新華集團此前在河內設立的文化中心得到了越南總理的高度評價，此次在胡志明市建設的文化中心將由蔡冠深基金會推動。他又指，未來新華集團還將推動越南全面投資。由香港新華集團與遼寧省外事（僑務）辦公室、越南駐華大使館聯合主辦的上述活動29日在此間舉行，旨在通過新華集團的橋樑作用，推動遼寧與越南兩地的人文旅遊和投資，推進旅遊文化產業和經貿雙向交流，並探討企業的合作前景。越南駐華大使鄧明魁、遼寧省政協主席夏德仁與蔡冠深等嘉賓共同主禮開幕式。此外，遼寧也與新華集團簽訂了戰略合作框架協議，望透過新華與「一帶一路」沿線國家搭建合作平台，推進文化交流與經貿合作。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2018/07/11/b02-0711.pdf
- http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/03/26/vietnam-casino-idUSL3N0WS1CF20150326
One of Macau's top casino junket operators, a Vietnamese investment group and Hong Kong property-to-jewellery conglomerate Chow Tai Fook Enterprises will team up to develop a $4 billion casino resort in Vietnam, companies involved in the project said. The resort, to be located in the central province of Quang Nam, is headed by Vietnam-based VinaCapital and will forge ahead despite a ban on gambling by Vietnamese citizens that has deterred other big international operators.
- http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2017/01/17/a14-0117.pdf新 華 集 團 是 越 南 最 大 外 資 金 融 機 構 VinaCapital 創 始 股 東 ， 蔡 冠 深 擔 任 VinaCapital主席，在越南金融市場發揮重 要作用。 2016年，新華集團旗下VinaCapital，攜手 周大福斥資40億美元，在峴江海畔投資大型 度假村，越南總理阮春福親臨工地，為這項 近年來越南最大外來投資項目剪綵。
- hkej 22apr17 a16 , http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20170424/PDF/a19_screen.pdf, http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2017/04/24/b01-0424.pdf singtao 24apr17 a5
- http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2015/01/30/b08-0130.pdf 申洲國際(2313)的越南面料生產基地第1期已於2014 年底正式投產。在經過1.5年的興建後，位於越南的面 料廠房第1期已於2014年11月份正式投產。
- 基於成本 上升及產能擴廠受限等原因，互太紡織此前已籌 劃在越南建工廠。互太紡織董事會主席尹惠來日 前向記者透露，互太紡織越南工廠已在建設中， 工廠一期預計將在今年七月投產。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2015/01/30/b09-0130.pdf
- 互太紡織（1382）昨表示，公司在越南的廠房入口被堵塞至停運逾月仍未解決，相信需要更多時間，讓當地政府清理堵塞，雖然越南廠房暫停營運對公司造成的財務影響不大，惟倘不能盡快解決事件，情況或會有變。互太紡織上月公告稱，於復活節期間，連接公司越南廠房入口的大道被村民堵塞，原因是當地政府未能解決對方提出的訴求。越南廠房的產能佔該公司銷售產量總額約一成。公司其後表示，已暫時將越南廠房的銷售訂單轉移至中國番禺廠房生產，直至該事件得以解決。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2017/05/23/b01-0523.pdf
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20170722/00180_009.html越南海陽省一批民眾指控，港資互太紡織控股有限公司在當地的工廠污染水源，多個月來堵塞工廠出入口（圖），要求工廠撤走。工廠代表則稱，過往只排出廢水一次，而且並沒污染食水。
- http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/international/art/20170926/20164282 香港上市公司互太紡織（Pacific Textiles）位於越南海陽省的製衣廠被指污染水源，4月至今一直被村民佔領及迫令停工。越南警方昨日動用水炮及電棍，從村民手上奪回廠房。
- 「沒一帶一路這個概念前，港商已在當地（東盟地區）做了幾十年生意。」蔡氏強調，當地很多華僑的企業亦會先到港融資，後再打入內地，如香格里拉酒店。hket 19aug15
- 越港合作近年亦趨密切，遍及貿易、投資、旅遊及教育領域。目前港商在越南合共投資918個項目，投資額逾160億美元。其中，香港聯業製衣（TAL）計劃年內增加對越投資近10億美元。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2015/09/04/a18-0904.pdf
- TPP料容許簽署國所生產的紗線享免稅地位，相信在當地營運而且財力雄厚的紡織企業，將因而受惠。獲大和看好的本港上市紡織股有申洲國際(2313)、天虹紡織(2678)、互太紡織(1382)及超盈國際(2111)。大智慧通訊社也報道稱，A股上市公司中，一批產業鏈中上端龍頭製造企業已提前在TPP成員國佈局相關生產產能，他們將成為A股市場TPP概念股。比如百隆東方是最早佈局越南的色紡紗製造企業之一，相關投資力度、規模都領先行業。截至目前，公司共投資三期越南產能，共計48萬至50萬錠產能，佔公司總產能接近一半，行業先發優勢明顯。此外，有紡織業「利潤冠軍」魯泰A也獲唱好，公司在最近一年加大對「TPP」的投資力度，今年首季魯泰A子公司魯泰香港在越南投資建設6萬錠紡紗、3,000萬米色織面料生產線，料佔公司色織布產能比重15%左右。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2015/10/19/b05-1019.pdf
- sun wah group established for 45 years http://www.hkcd.com.hk/pdf/201512/1202/HZ16C02CSTA.pdf
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20151230/00180_012.html 越南海防市一間港資工廠發生集體食物中毒，約六百五十名工人周一在員工餐廳吃飯後，出現頭暈、胃痛等症狀，紛紛前往診所及醫院治理。受影響員工主要是女性，大部分情況輕微，但仍有二百多人留醫。涉事工廠為多個國際知名品牌製造內衣。
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20160104/00176_130.html內地經營工廠嘅成本不斷上升，唔少廠商近年都四出物色有潛質做生產嘅新落腳點，務求減低成本，卓妮早前見到理文造紙首席執行官李文斌，佢話近年唔少公司都選擇於越南設廠，佢哋亦係其中之一，底因係於當地設廠，人工比內地低很多，舉例指內地一個工人月薪約四千元，越南則平均月薪約一千元。
- http://www.scmp.com/property/article/1899920/jen-capital-makes-hay-vietnam-lifts-property-cap-foreigners Betting on a new law that permits foreigners to buy an unlimited number of apartments in Vietnam, Hong Kong-based Jen Capital expects an influx of overseas capital to give the country’s real estate industry a shot in the arm. The firm is the Vietnam property arm of the 110-year-old family-run conglomerate Chiaphua Group that owns a property portfolio spanning Hong Kong, the mainland, Canada, the US and Germany. Chiaphua’s notable property projects in Hong Kong were the phase one development of Bueamont, a joint-venture development with Cheung Kong Property in Tsueng Kwan O, and Greenfield Terrace in Tsing Yi with Sun Hung Kai Properties. “We should be considered the first Hong Kong developer entering the Vietnam property market back in 1990s,” said Jonathan Cheng, executive chairman of Jen Capital, which manages US$100 million Jen Capital Vietnam Property Fund. He said he believes the new law, which became effective on July 1, to boost the already booming real estate market.
- 維珍妮 hkej 19feb16 a7
- http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20160305/PDF/b6_screen.pdf 理文造紙自二〇一四年底推出衞生紙巾品牌“亨奇”，主席李文俊表示，現時衞生紙在內地發售，未來會增加銷售的渠道，及計劃在二〇一七年在越南推出相關品牌，因當地衞生紙供不應求。在主要的包裝紙業務方面，他預計，今年包裝紙需求持平，但今年第一季包裝紙的價格上升，有利公司的毛利率。 去年，理文造紙來自衞生紙巾的收入達4.24億元。李文俊表示，對衞生紙巾首年已獲得盈利感到滿意，並強調衞生紙業務會成為公司未來的重要收入。他指出，公司的衞生紙主要有兩個優勢，第一成本低，較一般的衞生紙公司製造成本低10%至15%；第二是使用竹作原材料，竹生長較快，且在種植時釋出的氧氣會較樹木多，有利配合國家重視環保的政策。 李文俊承認，公司在衞生紙的銷售渠道不足，今年會加強在銷售渠道的拓展。至於會否將有關產品銷售到東南亞如越南，李文俊表示，今年暫不會在越南建生產衞生紙巾的廠房，至於明年會視乎越南的經濟情況，將衞生紙巾推銷到當地。他指出，目前越南很多物資仍是供不應求，包括衞生紙巾。
- http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20170825/PDF/a19_screen.pdf
- 南旋控股(1982)為中國內地領先的針織品製造商，為客戶提供一站式內部解決方案，包括設計創意、原材料採購、樣品開發等服務。 針織產品包括套頭衫、開襟衫、背心及配飾，主要出口予國際服飾品牌客戶。公司優勢方面， 已與國際服裝品牌客戶建立長期關係，擁有強大的製造專長、廣博的產品專業知識以及嚴格的質量監控，可確保提供優質的產品及服務。此外， 針織產品一站式內部解決方案提供商，已建立強大的產品設計及開發能力。倘以發售價中位數1.18 元計，售股所得款項淨額約為5.40億元，主要供作： 1.62 億元(30%) 用作建設越南工廠二期； 1.35 億元(25%) 用作為越南工廠二期購買機器；8,100 萬元(15%) 用作償還部分銀行貸款； 5,400 萬元(10%) 用作提高設計及產品開發能力； 5,400 萬元(10%)用作提升現有企業資源規劃系統； 餘額5,400 萬元(10%)供作一般營運資金。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2016/04/02/b05-0402.pdf
- http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2016/05/04/b03-0504.pdf 勝龍國際（1182） 昨宣佈，旗下勝龍賽事管理，已與 Sports and Entertainment Services Joint Stock Company（下稱：SES） 訂立一項管理協議，將為SES的越南 賽狗業務提供外判管理服務。賽狗及 賽馬是越南允許國民參與的博彩活動 之一。
- http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2016/09/16/b02-0916.pdf電盈 （0008）旗下音樂服務MOOV於昨日宣 佈擴展至越南，於越南推出本地化的介 面。公司已得到超過150家越南音樂供應 單位授權，為用戶提供當地人首選的本 土音樂；又與多間韓國音樂公司合作， 除提供 K-pop音樂及視頻，並翻譯部分 歌詞成越南文。
- 信佳國際（0912）昨公佈於越南設立廠房計劃，以紓緩中美貿易戰及內地成本上漲壓力。新廠房選址在越南北寧省Dai Dong-Hoan Son工業園，佔地4,134平方米。管理層已為越南擴產計劃訂下清晰的發展藍圖，項目初期投資約2,000萬元，預計兩條生產線於2018年第四季投入 運營。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2018/08/09/b02-0809.pdf
- 從事注塑及模具製作的東江集團 (2283)，正部署開拓越南生產線。http://hk.hkcd.com/pdf/201909/0902/HA07902CEAA_HKCD.pdf
- fashion and apparel
- http://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/fashion-luxury/article/2125808/how-vietnam-could-upgrade-its-textiles-industry-become-eco Thomas Hebestreit, CEO of Royal Spirits Group, a Hong Kong-based apparel maker and parent company of Deutsche Bekleidungs Werke (DBW), a newly opened factory in southern Vietnam. “The garment industry is famous for its sweatshops. We wanted to show the outside world that it’s possible to do garment manufacturing for people still under the best conditions.” DBW is, according to Hebestreit, one of the rare factories providing air conditioning throughout its premises.
- 有「手套女王」之稱嘅青年工業家協會執行委員林曉盈就喺越南設廠。佢大讚越南人雙手比較纖細，好適合做車手襪工序，加上員工訓練後好快上手，態度積極，充滿朝氣，工作效率頗出色。雖然越南設廠有利於出口美國，不過為咗中國巿場，佢仍保留內地廠房。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20200324/00176_072.html
- furniture
- 梳化股敏華控股(01999)主席黃敏利於中期業績會上表示，會繼續加大越南廠房產能，以紓緩中美貿易戰的影響http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/finance/20181114/00202_016.html, https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/finance/20190522/00202_030.html
- property
- vietnamese in hk
- http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/finance/20170724/00269_002.html 金融才俊趙國傑（Luffy）為投奔愛情，當年帶着60億越南盾（約200萬港元），勇闖河內創業賣雞蛋仔。現時事業愛情兩得意的他，更轉戰做發展商
- 退休高等法院原訟庭法官阮雲道昨日早上在薄扶林碧瑤灣寓所昏迷，被鄰居發現後報警，送往瑪麗醫院後返魂乏術，終年七十六歲。阮雲道是本港首位及唯一一位華人刑事檢察處處長，曾審理不少轟動案件，例如一九九九年的尖沙咀HELLO KITTY公仔藏人頭骨的烹屍案。一九四三年在越南出生的阮雲道，一九四八年隨父母來港定居，就讀於堅尼地道的聖約瑟中、小學，其後在倫敦大學讀校外法律課程，一九七○年獲得英國大律師資格，出道初期在當時的律政署任刑事檢控官。https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20200617/00176_047.html
- 90後越南人妻Angela大學畢業後隨港男丈夫Luffy來港發展，不用四年便由一個嬌滴滴的女生變成地產界女強人，兩夫婦一起打江山。二人賺到「港錢」就買Dream House，在首都河內購入面積近四千方呎的豪宅，更與越南首富做鄰居http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/finance/20181008/00269_002.html
- kiv
- 近年來中資到當地投資的速度明顯加快。港商亦想從中分一杯羹，但現時兩地往來仍須簽證，對雙方交流造成影響。中國駐胡志明市總領事館副總領事周彤表示，理解香港政府各種各樣的顧慮，如當年的「越南船民」問題，強調香港與越南的關係很密切。在越南的港商會亦曾就此提出建議，希望港府能採取措施方便兩地交流。http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2017/04/19/b02-0419.pdf
- 必勝最近認識了上市公司德林國際(1126)(added by me - listed in 2002)的總裁李 泳模，他是韓國人，很健談，英文也很好，該公司是 全球最大的毛絨玩具生產商，專門從事毛絨玩具的設 計，單是毛絨玩具就佔集團的總營業額約48%。第二 項主要業務就是塑膠手板模型，亦佔總營業額約 48%。 德林國際由韓國商人崔奎在1984年在漢城成立， 其後生產線先後遷到斯里蘭卡及中國內地。2002年， 成為首批來港上市的韓國企業。該公司的客戶大多是 一些家喻戶曉品牌，如迪士尼。主要出口市場為美 國、日本及歐洲. 德林 國際早先機，在15年前已開始在越南設廠，今天該公 司有4間廠在內地，有15間在越南，德林國際可以說已 變身成越南概念股，面對中美貿易戰可說完全沒有受影 響http://hk.hkcd.com/pdf/201909/0930/HA11930CEMA_HKCD.pdf
- http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20170811/PDF/a10_screen.pdf 由香港大公文汇传媒集团举办的范长江行动2017香港传媒学子“一带一路”行，昨在胡志明市的新华集团越南总部启动，这是该活动首次走出国门，将踏访“21世纪海上丝绸之路”沿线四个国家。
Topics of interest
- government decided not to host asian games http://paper.takungpao.com/resfile/PDF/20140510/PDF/a13_screen.pdf
Website
- http://www.vnzww.com
- yellow page http://www.yp.vn/business/en.aspx
Website
- http://www.vnzww.com
- yellow page http://www.yp.vn/business/en.aspx
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